O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a variação espectrofotométrica da cor da pele dos atletas de Handebol, Ginástica Artística e Voleibol nas atividades pré e pós-treinos. Como possível sinal de estados psicofisiológicos associados ao amarelão, em decorrência do estresse do esporte de rendimento, propiciado pelo coping das crenças religiosas caracterizadas como: primitiva, intelectual, emocional e ético-moral e o lócus do controle: interno e externo: sorte-azar, pessoas poderosas. A hipótese que o ambiente do esporte constitui-se em um modelo de manifestações neuropsicológicas, bioinstintivas, psicofisiológicas, psicossociais e intrapessoais que se estrutura e desenvolve-se sinalizado por respostas dadas pelo organismo humano, ao se delinear entre os atletas e as formas de comportamentos alinhadas ao estresse e coping das crenças. Os dados foram coletados em um clube social e esportivo da cidade de São Paulo, por meio da Lista de Sintomas de Stress (LSS/VAS); Inventário Pratt de Crenças Religiosas no Esporte (IPCRE); Escala Multidimensional de Lócus de Controle do Esporte (EMLCE). As mensurações da cor da pele foram realizadas, utilizando-se o Espectrocolorímetro Minolta Chromameter CR 410 e avaliadas com base nas dimensões da cor definidas pelo Commission Internationale de Eclairege (CIE L*a*b*), conforme as dimensões: L (claro-escuro); a (vermelho-verde) e b (azul-amarelo). As variações da cor da pele denominadas no senso comum como amarelão foram caracterizadas no estudo pela cor da pele significativamente menos amarela no braço e menos clara no rosto (palidez), que se associou com diferentes sintomas de estresse podendo ser detectadas antes ou depois dos treinos. O estudo mostrou que o coping oferecido pela crença da interferência de Deus como ajuda para superar obstáculos no esporte é ineficiente, pois os atletas que apresentaram indícios de maior freqüência de sintomas de estresse foram os que recorreram à ajuda da intervenção divina no esporte / The purpose of the present study was investigated the spectrophotometric reflectance changes of skin colour of competitive Handball, Volleyball and Artistic gymnastic athletes before and after the trainings as possible signs of psychophysiological states associated whit the yellow stress due to competitive sport, propitiated for the religious coping characterized as the faiths: primitive, intellectual, emotional and ethical-moral, impacted with locus of control internal and external chance and powerful others. The hypothesis of the environment of competitive sport as model of neurophysiological, bioinstives, psychophysiological, psychosocial and intrapersonal manifestations, structured and signalized according to functional states of the human organism delineated between athletes behaviors aligned with their stress coping skills. The data were collected in a social sport club in the city of São Paulo, through the List of stress symptoms (LSS/VAS); Sport Pratt inventory of religious faiths (IPCRE); Sport multidimensional locus of control scale (EMLCE). The skin colour changes were measured with the Minolta chromameter CR 410 and evaluated in the colour space as defined by the Commission Internationale de lEclairage (CIE L*a*b*) according to dimensions L* (clear-dark); a* (red-green) and b* (blue-yellow). The change of skin colour denominated yellow stress was significantly correlated with the measurements of skin colour changes before and after the trainings as less yellow in the ventral arm and less lighter in the face associates with symptoms of stress. Results also showed the coping provided for pray and faith in God to overcome sports obstacles is inefficient because athletes who presented indications of major stress symptoms appealed for divine intervention in sport

Some video games offer, today, high-level competitive performance in the form of esports – a discipline recognized as a performance domain in need of investigation within a sport psychological perspective. Tilt, described as severe frustration resulting in suboptimal performance, is a common, yet still under-investigated performance debilitating phenomenon in esports. The aim of the present study was to gain an understanding of factors and processes relating to tilt in the esports of League of Legends. To that end, a qualitative method was applied using thematic analysis to explore (1) antecedents of tilt, (2) the effects of tilt on performance, and (3) players’ strategies to manage tilt-inducing situations. Findings show players experience antecedents of tilt to be teammates failing to meet the expectations of the players, teammates’ toxic behaviour, players failing to meet their own expectations, and negative emotions. These events can result in the players experiencing a sense of discouragement, a loss of control, misplaced attention, as well as displaying toxic behaviour. Lastly, the players resort to managing tilt-inducing situations by muting the in-game chat, redirecting attention towards controllable actions, and acceptance of mistakes and situations in general. These findings suggest tilt processes to be partly influenced by the players’ teammates’ actions, thus different social contexts may influence the experience of tilt. Further, findings indicate the players’ experience of discouragement when under tilt as an additional factor related to tilt, which is discussed as potentially unique to the context of players in LoL.

L’objectif de cette thèse était d’analyser l’activité en trail et ultra-trail en s’inscrivant dans le paradigme de l’énaction (Varela et al., 1993). Un observatoire multi-sourcing composé de discussions de forum, de récits de courses postés sur les blogs, d’entretiens énactifs et de données en troisième personne caractérisant les accélérations verticales du traileur et de son système de portage a été construit pour mener nos analyses. Les résultats des analyses des discussions de forums ont montré que les traileurs partagent des préoccupations relatives à l’entraînement et la santé. Les résultats des analyses des récits de blogs et des entretiens énactifs ont caractérisé l’activité des traileurs en situation de course, en reportant (a) des gestalts phénoménologiques dont l’agencement temporel a identifié des profils d’activité, (b) des états de vitalité dont la répartition et l’organisation temporelle différaient chez les finisheurs et les abandonneurs et (c) sept étapes-clés impliquées dans les abandons. Les résultats des analyses de l’usage du matériel ont montré que les sensations de ballotement du système de portage reportées par les traileurs étaient confirmées par les données comportementales. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que l’activité des traileurs peut être caractérisée avec différentes sources de données, rendant compte des expériences signifiantes multiples énactés en situation. Ils fournissent des implications pratiques pour le champ de la psychologie du sport et transformatives pour les entreprises souhaitant intégrer les utilisateurs dans leur processus de conception. / Rooted in the enaction paradigm (Varela et al., 1993), the aim of this thesis was to analyse the activity in trail and ultra-trail running. A multi-sourcing observatory was constructed to conduct our analyses. It was composed of forum discussions posted on the community website of the Raidlight brand, races narratives posted on blogs, enactive interviews and third-person data characterising the vertical oscillations of both the runners and their carrying systems. The results of the discussion forums showed that trail runners share common concerns regarding health and training issues. The results of the blog narratives and enactive interviews analyses characterised trail runners’ activity in race situation, by reporting (a) phenomenological gestalts, which temporal layout identified activity profiles, (b) vitality states, which repartition and temporal organisation differed in finishers and withdrawers and (c) seven key-stages involved in withdrawals. The results of analyses of the use of equipment showed that the sensations of bouncing reported by runners were confirmed by the behavioural data. Taken together, these results suggested that trail runners’ activity can be characterised by different data sources, reporting the various meaningful experiences that trail runners enact in situation. They provide practical and transformative implications for the proposition of an intervention model in sport psychology as well as a proposition of a multi-sourcing conception model for companies, which seek to integrate users in their conception processes.

Bakgrund: Skador inom idrotten är vanligt förekommande, inte minst inom fotbollen. Många studier lägger fokus på den fysiologiska aspekten i rehabilitering. Det har dock visats att socialt stöd är av vikt för en lyckad skaderehabilitering. Det råder emellertid bristande forskning på upplevt stöd hos fotbollsspelare samt hur de upplever stödet vid återgång till idrott. Syfte: Att undersöka fotbollsspelares upplevelse av socialt stöd under rehabilitering samt hur skadefrånvaron påverkar deras upplevda statusposition i laget. Metod och design: Kvalitativ explorativ intervjustudie. Data samlades in med semistrukturerade intervjuer med 2 manliga och 2 kvinnliga fotbollsspelare i Uppsala. Intervjuerna analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Informanterna upplevde att de fick olika sorters stöd från olika personer. Stödet berodde på den roll och relation personen i fråga hade med informanten. Alla upplevde att stödet under en rehabilitering naturlig förändrades över tid, från tröstande och intensivt i början till mindre uttalat i takt med att informanterna accepterade i situationen. Vid återgång upplevde de att deras statusposition i laget förändrats som resultat av den långa frånvaron. Detta upplevdes generellt som en naturlig process där de ansåg sig behöva jobba sig tillbaka för att förtjäna den tidigare upplevda statusen i laget. Konklusion: Utifrån studiens resultat framgår det att fotbollsspelare behöver olika sorters stöd av olika nyckelpersoner för att hålla motivationen uppe under en långvarig rehabilitering. Det upplevdes även viktigt att få fortsatt stöd vid återgång för att känna sig välkomnad och återfå tilltron till sin egen förmåga att kunna komma tillbaka till tidigare prestationsnivå. / Background: Injuries in sports are common, not least in football. Many studies focus on the physiological aspect of rehabilitation. However, it has been shown that social support is important for successful injury rehabilitation. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the perceived support of football players and how they experience the support when returning to sport. Purpose: To examine football players’ experience of social support during rehabilitation and how the absence due to injury affects their perceived status position in the team. Method and design: Qualitative explorative interview study. Data was collected with semi-structured interviews with 2 male and 2 female football players in Uppsala. The interviews were analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. Result: The informants felt that they received different kinds of social support from different people. The support depended on the role and relationship the person in question had with the informant. Everyone felt that the support during a long-term rehabilitation naturally changed over time, from comforting and intense at first to a more decreased form as the informants became more accepting of the situation. Upon return, they felt that their status position in the team had changed as a result of the long absence. This was generally perceived as a natural process where they felt they needed to work their way back to earn the previously experienced status in the team.                                                                                                                                     Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be considered important that football players receive different kinds of support from different key persons to keep up the motivation during a long-term rehabilitation. It is also perceived important that football players receive continued support when they return to sport, in order to make them feel welcome and to increase their confidence in their own ability to return to previous levels of performance.

Abstract The main purpose of this comparative study between German and Pakistani Field Hockey players at the talent development stage (12-18 years) was to reveal multidimensional performance characteristics, which may have power for predicting future talented elite Field Hockey players. In total 271 (German 127 & 144 Pakistani) participants took part in this comparative study to find out difference in psychological, physical and social profiles and their possible influences on the performance of the players on two occasions, each separated by a time interval of one year. The mean age for German players was 14.3 years and Pakistani players 16.3 years. Data were collected from players of various institutions and clubs of both countries. Later on, researcher included Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka in the study to increase the number of participants considering that South Asian culture is similar and Field Hockey is a popular game in the region. This addition will give strength to the study to find out the real differences in the performance of South Asian and European countries. In total, (227) 41 Indian, 40 Bengali and 44 Sri Lankan, 52 Pakistani and 50 German athletes took part in the study. The mean age for Indian was 14.5 years, Sri Lankan 15.3 years, Bangladeshi 15.7 years, Pakistani 16.9 years and German athletes were 15.5 years old. The Deutsch and English language standard sport questionnaires were used to measure the variables and data were analysed with the help of SPSS - 17 version. The following variables were put to test to find out the possible difference between the young players: Goal orientation in sports, General sport ability & appearance, Perceived physical self-concept, Competition related anxiety, Coping strategies, Sport commitment, Parental support, Coaches behaviour, Motivational climate and Self-efficacy in sports. The study shows that there were significant differences in psychological, physical and social profiles in the players of both countries. German players reported higher scores in motivation, perceived physical self-concept, self-confidence and commitment to the sport and found better to overcome anxiety and situation related problems. They were more social, and had full support from families, peers and coaches who can increase motivational climate to improve performance level, but contrary to expectations, Pakistani players reported a higher incidence of coping strategies. Reasons for the results are discussed with regard to differences in competitive goals and differences in environmental factors between both groups.

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京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第18352号 / 人博第665号 / 新制||人||160(附属図書館) / 25||人博||665(吉田南総合図書館) / 31210 / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)准教授 神﨑 素樹, 教授 森谷 敏夫, 准教授 久代 恵介, 教授 小田 伸午 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

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No description available.

For most student-athletes, the termination of an athletic career is inevitable and coincides with graduation and transition into a non-sport career. Many student-athletes are unprepared for the transition and experience psychological and emotional difficulties that may interfere with mental health, wellbeing, and career development. The purpose of this study was to explore former NCAA student-athletes’ experiences of career development and transition into life after sport, with the aim to increase our understanding of the athletic transition experience, as well as the factors influencing the quality of transition. In addition, this study sought to contribute to practical recommendations for supporting student-athletes in transition. Using a convergent, exploratory, mixed-methods design, this study collected: 1) online survey data completed by recently graduated NCAA student-athletes (n=175), and 2) interview data from a subsample of survey participants (n=11). The online survey included measures of the constructs of athletic identity, transition quality, and career satisfaction, as well as participant demographic information. Semi-structured interviews were guided by questions concerning participants’ identity and career development in college, athletic transition experiences, and recommendations for supporting student-athletes. Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data analysis procedures were guided by Creswell and Plano Clark (2017) and Braun & Clarke (2006). A synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative results revealed three convergent findings related to the overarching interests of this study: 1) Highly Salient Athletic Identity May Negatively Influence the Quality of Athletic Transition, 2) Prevalence of Suboptimal Transition into Life and Work After Sport, and 3) Need for Increasing Transition Preparation and Career Development Support for Student-Athletes. A discussion of practical implications, significance of the findings, study limitations, and future directions for research were presented.