Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-30T10:17:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marlene de Sousa Silva.pdf: 2031771 bytes, checksum: 26b33de62712c15c9812d35bdf2a0db9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T10:17:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marlene de Sousa Silva.pdf: 2031771 bytes, checksum: 26b33de62712c15c9812d35bdf2a0db9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-02 / Cities are now the areas that concentrate the majority of the population. Thus, this densification requires varied demands that, besides natural resources requires infrastructure such as housing and leisure. But not always the planning of these areas takes into account the social and environmental issues, especially regarding the provision of open spaces favoring centralized leisure conditions in the natural elements of the landscape. The situation is more critical still, when it comes to residential housing for low-income population. Therefore, the search for tools and studies that show new ways to integrate man, leisure, housing and the environment becomes increasingly necessary. Timon, located in northeast of Brazil and East Maranh?o, is in this context, because it is undergoing major change of its open areas for construction of several residential housing units like Novo Tempo in MCMV without offering spaces for leisure such as squares, parks and green areas. So this master's thesis was titled: Urban Growth and Environmental Degradation: The Absence of Open Spaces in Residential Novo Tempo in Timon-MA. With analysis of the quality of these spaces to use for leisure and social integration to the natural elements of the landscape. We aimed to analyze the environmental quality of the open spaces of the Residential Novo Tempo in the city of Timon-MA, showing use and perception of residents. The specific objectives were: Analysis of historical urban and environmental context of the city of Timon; geo-environmental characteristics of the Residential Novo Tempo in Timon; Diagnosis of infrastructural conditions of the residential open spaces; Identification of the types of open spaces in the perception of residents; Knowledge of the origin and socioeconomic profile of the respondents and residential Pointing improvements to the government based on the survey information. The methodological procedures of the study were bibliographic and documentary survey; development and implementation of questionnaires to respondents; data collection and systematic observation; making graphs, maps and photographic record, data analysis and conclusive. Among the results, it was found that projects aimed at low population continue to have low investment in urbanism with leisure offer and null centralized technical quality natural elements of its open spaces. Residential open spaces are restricted to sidewalks and streets in the perception of respondents. It was noticed though generally these areas are in need of qualitative and quantitative improvements in features minimum conditions to meet the demand of residents / As cidades s?o hoje os espa?os que concentram a maior parte da popula??o. Sendo assim, esse adensamento exige variadas demandas que, al?m de recursos naturais requer infraestrutura como habita??o e lazer. Por?m, nem sempre o planejamento desses espa?os leva em considera??o as quest?es socioambientais, principalmente com rela??o ? oferta de espa?os livres que favore?a condi??es de lazer centralizado nos elementos naturais da paisagem. A situa??o ? mais cr?tica ainda, em se tratando de residenciais destinados a popula??o de baixa renda. Portanto, buscar instrumentos e pesquisas que apontem novos caminhos na integra??o homem, lazer, habita??o e meio ambiente, torna-se cada vez mais necess?rio. Timon, localizada na regi?o nordeste do Brasil e Leste maranhense, se encontra nesse contexto, pois a mesma vem sofrendo grande altera??o de suas ?reas livres para constru??o de diversos residenciais como o Novo Tempo no MCMV, sem oferta de espa?os destinados ao lazer como pra?as, parques e ?reas verdes. Portanto, esta disserta??o de mestrado teve como tema: Crescimento Urbano e Degrada??o Ambiental: A Aus?ncia de Espa?os Livres no Residencial Novo Tempo em Timon-MA. Com an?lise da qualidade desses espa?os para aproveitamento ao lazer e integra??o social aos elementos naturais da paisagem. Teve como objetivo geral: Analisar a qualidade ambiental dos espa?os livres do Residencial Novo Tempo na cidade de Timon-MA, evidenciando uso e percep??o dos moradores. Os objetivos espec?ficos foram: An?lise do contexto hist?rico-urbano e socioambiental do munic?pio de Timon; Caracter?sticas geoambientais do Residencial Novo Tempo de Timon; Diagn?stico das condi??es infraestruturais das ?reas livres do residencial; Identifica??o dos tipos de espa?os livres na percep??o dos moradores; Conhecimento da origem e perfil socioecon?mico dos entrevistados do residencial e Apontamento de melhorias ao poder p?blico com base no levantamento de informa??es. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos da pesquisa foram levantamento bibliogr?fico e documental; elabora??o e aplica??o dos question?rios aos entrevistados; coleta de dados e observa??o sistem?tica; confec??o de gr?ficos, mapas e registro fotogr?fico, an?lise de dados e conclusivos. Dentre os resultados, constatou-se que empreendimentos destinados a popula??o de baixa continuam tendo baixo investimento no urbanismo com oferta de lazer e nulo qualidade t?cnica centralizada em elementos naturais de seus espa?os livres. Os espa?os livres do residencial se restringem ?s cal?adas e as ruas na percep??o dos entrevistados. Percebeu-se ainda que de modo geral esses espa?os est?o precisando de melhorias qualitativa e quantitativa no que disp?e de condi??es m?nimas para atender a demanda de moradores

Esta dissertação trata sobre a invenção, constituição e sucessivas renovações da Vila Balneária do Guarujá, inaugurada no ano de 1893, evidenciando o estreito vínculo entre a expansão territorial paulista e os avanços tecnológicos, o desejo pela diversificação de investimentos de parte da elite cafeicultora, o avanço de novas práticas sociais e o crescente transito de ideias do Mundo Atlântico, que articula o litoral brasileiro à Europa setentrional, a pontos específicos do cone sul e sobretudo à costa noroeste dos EUA. Elevando o lazer à posição de centralidade no processo de expansão urbana, a Vila Balneária construída na Ilha de Santo Amaro, ao longo dos primeiros 20 anos de sua existência, pode contribuir para a compreensão da complexidade inerente ao processo de urbanização do território paulista. A ênfase no modo como as práticas culturais se relacionam dialeticamente com o processo de urbanização se constitui como chave interpretativa para a leitura do empreendimento e é a partir dessa relação de interpendência que se estudarão os discursos que embasam a conformação da Vila, presentes em sua arquitetura e urbanismo. São ressaltados dessa forma aspectos que buscam reconstruir o universo desse novo invento e dão concretude ao projeto de modernização do território paulista. / This work approaches the invention, constitution and succesives renovations of the Guarujá Seaside Village, inaugurated in 1893, stressing the close link between the territorial expansion of São Paulo and technological advancements, the desire for diversification of investments by the coffee producers, the advance of new social practices, and the growing transit of ideas between the Atlantic World, connecting Brazilian coast with northern Europe, specific points of the Southern Cone and most of all with the northeast coast of United States. Raising leisure to a central role in the process of urban expansion, the beach resort city built on the Santo Amaro island may contribute to the understanding of the complexity inherent to the process of urbanization in the state of São Paulo. The emphasis on the way in which cultural practices relate dialectically to the process of urbanization constitutes an interpretive key for the comprehension of the whole development. The arguments that support the conformation of the village, present in its architecture and urbanism, will be therefore analyzed based on this interdependent and mutual relationship. Aspects that seek to rebuild the universe of this new invention will be emphasized and, thus, give concreteness to the project of modernization of the territory of São Paulo.

A tese apresenta uma etnografia das redes de relações de crianças ricas na cidade de Fortaleza-CE. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu entre os anos de 2011e 2013 com crianças urbanas com idades entre 7 e 13 anos, pertencentes às camadas abastadas e moradoras de bairros nobres da capital cearense. Partimos da hipótese de que essas crianças vivenciam a experiência da infância reclusas em suas casas e não teriam acesso aos espaços da rua e das praças, pois se tratam de territórios que concentram altos índices de assalto e violência e, portanto, são interditados pelos pais. Assim, as relações com a cidade envolveriam a produção de uma experiência urbana que se realizaria mais especificamente em espaços privados. Partindo de uma antropologia que tem as crianças como protagonistas da pesquisa, buscamos apresentar o ponto de vista destas sobre a capital cearense e recompor o modo como constituem a paisagem urbana a partir de sentidos e usos singulares da/na cidade; de como, onde e com quem moram; assim como procuramos descrever a estreita relação entre lazer, consumo e sociabilidade para as crianças em questão, destacando o uso de objetos tecnológicos com acesso à internet. A perspectiva analítica da tese discorda das leituras que sujeitam as crianças a não experiência na/da cidade e privilegia a relação com o urbano via modalidades diversas de enfrentamento com a metrópole. / The thesis presents an ethnography of webs of relationships from rich kids in the city of Fortaleza. The fieldwork took place between the years of 2011 and 2013 with urban children aged 7 to 13 years old, belonging to the upper class and living in affluent neighborhoods of Fortaleza. We start from the hypothesis that these children go through the experience of childhood prisoners in their homes and do not have access to the spaces of the street nor squares, since these are areas that concentrate high rates of robbery and violence, and are therefore banned by parents. Thus, relations with the city would involve the production of singular urban experience that would take place specifically in private spaces. From an anthropology of the child who takes them as protagonists of research, we present the point of view of children from Fortaleza and recompose the way how they make the urban landscape from the senses and unique uses of / in the city; how, where and with whom they live; as we seek to describe the close relationship between leisure and consumption and sociability for the children in question, highlighting the use of technological objects with internet access. The analytical perspective of the thesis disagrees of readings that subjects these children to \"no experience of the/ in the City\" and focuses on the relationship with the city via various modes of coping with the metropolis.

This reflexive account is of a phenomenological study that took place over two years. It explores how a group of primary-aged children perceive, express and reflect on their embodiment through movement. Children aged between four and eleven took part in sessions of yoga, somatic movement and developmental play during the school day. The data include field notes, observations, a reflexive journal, photographs of and by the children, their drawings, mark-makings, writing and posters. Children were also interviewed at the end of the study, when they had an opportunity to reflect on all their work and experiences. All the children were capable of expressing and reflecting on their experiences, and the oldest children in particular appeared to enjoy and seemed to benefit from the reflective process. By linking together a sense of self-awareness and reflection, the children appeared able to gain insight into their embodied experience and reflect on emotions, feelings and events. Embodiment is a process as much of a state of being, and as such has implications for perceptions of mind and body, learning, and reflective practice. This approach to embodied reflective practice thus has potential for educators, and teacher trainers as well as direct work with children.

Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable behaviour that carries implications for the mental health of the UK. Theory-driven research highlights that the reasons why we participate in PA, not just the act of participation, carry important consequences for human psychological growth, optimal functioning and well-being. Implementing cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental designs, this thesis, tests the application and predictive utility of Selfdetermination theory in the health domain of PA behaviour change. Results highlight that the social-environment surrounding individuals before, during and after an exercise referral programme, along with one’s motivational regulations, have important consequences for intentions to be physically active and mental well-being. A SDT-based observational instrument operationalised the environment afforded by exercise professionals during one-to-one PA interactions. This more objective measure may provide further insight into the psychological processes responsible for behavioural and psychological outcomes. Finally, this thesis commences investigations into the moderating role of motivation on the limited self-control resource and the ability to employ counteractive control strategies that help one to achieve important health goals. Knowledge of the processes responsible for psychological health and behavioural intentions before, during and after PA interventions along with the ability to employ self-control, may carry important practical implications for future PA interventions.

This thesis adopts an integrated tourism research approach to investigate the role of tourism in sustainable rural development. It identifies what the key ingredients of sustainable rural tourism development (SRTD) could be, which include an effective policy framework, good partnerships between stakeholders and a strong connection between tourism and local resources. A qualitative approach is adopted in investigating the cases of the Puli, Yuchih, and Renai townships in Taiwan, and the investigation focuses on three key concepts of policy, partnership and place (3Ps). Several issues emerged from the investigation. Due to dependence on central government support, the public-private partnership appears problematic; however, the strong level of business support networks and community organisations engaging in tourism strengthens local initiative in promoting sustainable development. The effects of tourism on local development are perceived as having more positive outcomes than negative ones, even though, the contribution of tourism to SRTD is still considered limited due to the scale of the rural decline problem it is trying to address. The influential correlations between policy, partnership, and place that emerged from the empirical findings evidently support the 3 Ps integrated tourism concept proposed by this research. This provides a more realistic and holistic understanding of tourism in rural areas. The thesis contributes to the literature by introducing the 3 Ps integrated tourism concept, and empirically, through the case studies, it also contributes to the understanding of current rural tourism development in an East Asian context.

Ainda que destinada a um grupo que vivencia e experimenta um corpo doente, a Educação para a Saúde não pode centrar-se nos mecanismos fisiopatológicos e nas terapias medicamentosas, porque seria desconsiderar a vida e as dimensões do ser humano que vão além da corporeidade. Temas transversais, cercados de conceitos pré-elaborados e enraizados em mitos, tabus, preconceitos e crendices, como a sexualidade e o lazer, são entendidos como demandas urgentes para colaborar com a qualidade de vida, uma vez que foram relegados na nossa história, ainda que partes integrantes da constituição do homem. Neste contexto o presente trabalho objetivou investigar, com portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, de um Centro de Saúde de uma cidade do noroeste do Estado do Paraná-Brasil, qual o impacto da Educação para a Saúde, levantando seus problemas relacionados às temáticas lazer e sexualidade, propondo desenvolver conjuntamente com os participantes ações educativas visando as possíveis soluções dessas dificuldades, através da pesquisa-ação.Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo, mediatizado pela pesquisa-ação que permitiu desvelar as percepções dos participantes do grupo de uma unidade de saúde quanto à sexualidade, o lazer e a qualidade de vida programando, aplicando e avaliando atividades de Educação para a Saúde nestas temáticas. A população-alvo deste estudo se constituiu de 6 mulheres hipertensas, únicas com tal diagnóstico que participam do grupo de reunião semanal de um centro de saúde de uma cidade do noroeste do Estado do Paraná-Brasil. Adotou-se o referencial-metodológico de Freire (1990) adaptado por Bueno (1997-8) delimitado por duas fases: a primeira, quando ocorreu o levantamento do universo temático, elencando-se os temas geradores; a segunda, constituída da ação educativa. A representação social de Moscovici (1979) foi a base da discussão das categorias e colaboraram para elencar os temas geradores. Estes foram o referencial para a discussão e elaboração das práticas educativas, apoiadas na pedagogia da autonomia de Freire. Identificou-se que, quanto à sexualidade, houve dificuldade de seu entendimento, pois foi reduzida ao sexo, manifestou-se por relações de afeto, companheirismo e por cuidados corporais. Quanto ao lazer, foi visto como enfrentamento da solidão. A hipertensão arterial foi descrita quanto aos seus fatores causais, houve valorização exacerbada ao tratamento farmacológico e a convivência com a doença foi considerada difícil. Os temas geradores permitiram a elaboração de uma ação educativa dialógica, em que dinâmicas e discussões foram programadas. Os participantes avaliam que as estratégias adotadas foram de grande valia para a troca de saberes, para a valorização das relações humanas e para um contato prazeroso com os temas abordados. / Even though it is meant for a group which deeply experiences a sick body, Education for Health cannot merely focus on physiopathological mechanisms and medicamental therapies as it would disregard life and the human being\'s dimensions - which are beyond corporeity. Transversal themes, surrounded by preelaborated concepts and enrooted in myths, taboos, biases and superstition such as sexuality and leisure are understood as urgent demands to contribute with quality of life since they were put aside throughout history, despite being constituent parts of man. Within this context, this study had the purpose of investigating what the impact of Education for Health is on systemic hypertension patients by surveying issues related to leisure and sexuality in order to to develop, together with the participants, education actions towards possible solutions via research-action. It was a qualitative study mediated by research-action which enabled disclosing the perceptions of a group within a health unit with respect to sexuality, leisure and quality of life by developing, applying and assessing Education for Health activities on those themes. The target population for this study was constituted of six women with hypertension - the only ones to present such diagnosis who participated in a group meeting weekly at a Health center in a city in the Northwest of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Freire\'s (1990) reference methodologies, adapted by Bueno (1997-8) were outlined into two phases: first, when the survey of the thematic universe occurred, bringing about the generative themes; the second, constituted by the education action. Moscovici\'s (1979) social representation was the fundament for the discussion concerning the categories and helped to set up the generative themes. These were the references for discussion and elaboration of the educational practices supported by Freire\'s pedagogy of autonomy. It was difficult to understand sexuality as it was confined to sex and manifested via affective relations, partnership, and corporal care. Leisure was found to be the confrontation of loneliness. Hypertension was described regarding its causal factors. There was exacerbated valorization of the pharmacological treatment and coping with disease was considered difficult. Generative themes enabled the elaboration of a dialogic education action in which dynamics and discussions were performed. Participants reported that the strategies adopted proved to be valuable for knowledge exchange, valorization of human relations and pleasant contact with the themes approached.

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of Duerden, Courtright, and Widmer's (n.d.) Recreation at Work (RAW) Model and explore the relationship between RAW and employee flourishing (i.e., resilience, work engagement, organizational identification). This study explored the unique contribution from RAW and work activities in relation to employee flourishing. Structural equation modeling revealed RAW and leisure as a state of mind (LSM) perceptions (i.e., intrinsic motivation, perceived freedom, positive affect) had positive relationships with personal expressiveness (β = .704, p < .001) and organizational identification (β = .164, p = .002). Additionally, RAW had a positive relationship with resilience mediated by personal expressiveness (β = .157, p = .001). Results suggest RAW provides added value to the workplace by facilitating personal expressiveness, resilience, and organizational identification. Comparisons are discussed around the benefits of LSM perceptions during work and RAW activities. Practical applications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

This project is an environmental and cultural history of the sandhills region of North Carolina as it was transformed after the Civil War. It brings together agricultural science and the creation of a leisure industry in the sandhills to argue that they were interdependent in the transformation of the region. Chapter One narrates the gradual emergence and transformation of agricultural science in North Carolina from a venture of learned planters to a state-run institution, located in universities and government buildings, but still heavily influenced by the heirs of planters. Chapter Two examines the trajectory of resort creation in the sandhills after the region had been tapped out and cutover by naval stores producers and loggers. Its remained an agricultural problem area, while its acres of sandy land were available to be remade by developers. Importantly these new investors, like Pinehurst’s James and Leonard Tufts, reconstructed the sandhills to reflect a fantasy of yeoman agriculture—while deploying scientific findings and commercial fertilizers as advocated by state agricultural experts. Chapter Three analyzes a community that developed in the vicinity of Pinehurst after 1910, when a generation of idealistic Northern progressives turned to the sandhills, both to uplift the region and to escape the nervous problems they had experienced in the industrial North. Just as Pinehurst used agricultural science to create a leisure landscape, this group of Ivy Leaguers was inspired by visions of using agricultural technologies to turn the “sand barrens” into a state-of-the-art farmscape. Chapter Four turns to a literary account of the sandhills in the work of Charles Chesnutt, taking Chesnutt’s motif of gift-giving as a lens for understanding the author’s short stories set in the sandhills. This chapter focuses especially on Chesnutt’s conception of usufruct and an economy based in local social connections as an alternative to the version of commodity agriculture that had animated so many other projects in the sandhills. This dissertation reveals how the conceptual and material tools of an industrializing culture reconfigured this region, long seen as barren, from a cutover turpentine district into a tourist paradise.

Increasing physical activity levels of older adults is a public health priority given the associated risks with sedentary lifestyles. Exercise such as walking may positively affect older adults as they age decreasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, or death. The purpose of this study was to examine physical activities of older adults in senior housing and to determine if age correlates with the amount of physical activity. Physical activity studies on older adults are limited due to time and resources. The health belief model and transtheoretical model frames this study theorizing that older adults will take positive steps towards achieving recommended physical activities based on their perceived threats and benefits. A correlational research design provided systematic information about physical activities of older adults in senior housing and aided in determining if age relates to the amount of physical activity. The study used a convenience sampling of 62 older adults in senior housing and data collected from the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors questionnaire. The make-up of the sample included 36 females and 26 males aged 65 to 84 years old. The age of older adults in a senior housing community is not related to the amount of physical activity completed per week. The results of the descriptive analyses show that 53% of older adults in senior housing are not meeting physical activity guidelines of at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week. However, this is not statistically significant since all p-values for physical activity are greater than .05% level of significance at .776. Additional services such as providing leisure activity support to older adults through peer monitoring or adequate recreational facilities in the community can aid in helping older adults achieve physical activity recommendations.