Cette thèse cherche à montrer le rôle structurant pour l’individu tenu par les pratiques religieuses dans la société japonaise contemporaine et la façon dont elles sont porteuses de sens aujourd’hui, dans une ville de pèlerinage appelée Sasaguri et située près de la mégapole de Fukuoka à Kyūshū. La première partie présente ce cadre en montrant à quel point Sasaguri forme un espace où se donnent à voir des pratiques religieuses de toutes sortes, notamment pour les visiteurs venus de l’extérieur, mais aussi comment, il est représentatif d’une religiosité que l’on retrouve partout au Japon, ancré dans la vie des communautés locales, et que j’appelle ici « premier niveau de l’expérience religieuse ». La deuxième partie se focalise sur différents types de spécialistes religieux. La troisième et dernière partie traite des modalités individuelles du rapport au religieux par l’angle des interactions entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur, du fidèle et de l’espace, du système ou du réseau dans lequel il évolue et dont il est centre. / This doctoral dissertation aims to determine the structural role that religious practice can have for the individual and how they are meaningful nowadays, in the context of a pilgrimage town called Sasaguri, situated near the big city of Fukuoka in Kyūshū. The first part presents this frame by showing how Sasaguri forms a sacred, dynamic and multi-layered space where various religious practices are displayed by people coming from outside of the town. The second part of this thesis explores the various possibilities between different types of religious specialists. The third and last part of this thesis discusses the individual modalities of the religious practices, via the interactions between the internal and external dimensions: those of the practitioner, the space they are in, or the network which they belong to and which is revolving around them.

The thesis deals with the introduction of methods used in the repairs of historical and listed buildings, focusing on timber and masonry load-bearing structures. The text describes the causes and types of structural defects, as well as possible ways of rehabilitation and is also supplemented by examples of their use in practice. This should create a sample book to show which options can be selected and what needs to be considered when restoring individual elements, so that the whole process of repairs is in accordance with the principles of monument care. Possible approaches and methods of reconstruction process of listed building are then demonstrated in the ongoing overall renovation of the pilgrimage site in Horní Police, which is a national cultural monument. The work focuses on the individual buildings of the complex, the Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, the ambit that surrounds it and the entrance tower with a bell tower. The author also presents the history and description of the place of pilgrimage. Keywords Monument care, masonry load-bearing structures, timber load-bearing structures, rehabilitation, restoration, reconstruction, pilgrimage site, Horní Police, Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary

The diploma thesis on the topic "Spirituality of Young Romanies" disserts on spirituality amongst them. The spirituality is pursued in general and its levels, possibilities of saturation and ties to institutions are comprised. A chapter describing the history of the Romanies and phenomena associated with the spirituality of the Romanies is included. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether the phenomena are still relevant in connection with Romany religiosity and whether they differ in the Ústí nad Labem Region and in the East of Slovakia, where these traditions are still represented in the majority society. In my theses I also trace whether there is syncretism. For the practical part, I have chosen quantitative research with the technique of a questionnaire survey.

Dans un paysage religieux québécois qui s'est profondément transformé, même si l’on constate une désaffection des églises catholiques, certaines formes de dévotion restent importantes, en particulier la dévotion au Saint Frère André. Canonisé par le Pape Benoît XVI en octobre 2010, Saint Frère André est le premier Saint homme natif du Canada. Il est à l’origine de la construction de l’Oratoire Saint-Joseph du Mont-Royal, le plus grand Sanctuaire dédié à Saint Joseph au monde. Il est un personnage important au Québec. Selon les données du Sanctuaire, chaque année, deux millions de visiteurs se rendent à l'Oratoire. Ces visiteurs ont plusieurs profils. Ce sont soit des personnes dévotes venant de Montréal ou des environs, des touristes religieux ou des pèlerins. Cette thèse traite de la dévotion au Saint Frère André à l’Oratoire. L’objectif principal est de comprendre les expressions et pratiques de cette dévotion populaire ainsi que l'expérience vécue par les dévots dans ce lieu de pèlerinage, à l’aide d’une approche ethnographique combinée à une étude d’archives des billets d’intentions recueillis à l’Oratoire au cours de l’année 2010 et 2018. Les dix observations réalisées dans les cinq lieux de recueillement dédiés au Saint Frère André, les cinquante entrevues menées auprès de personnes dévotes et l’étude de mille billets d’intentions mettent en évidence la relation de confiance et d’amitié que les personnes entretiennent avec le Saint. Cette relation est entretenue par la perception de manifestations attribuées au divin, telles que des miracles de guérison, des apparitions et des visions qui, pour les dévots, attestent de l’existence d’un échange de biens de charité entre ciel et terre. Il ressort de cette thèse l’importance du rôle d’intercesseur de Saint Frère André dans les pratiques de dévotion ainsi que son rôle dans la mémoire collective québécoise comme en témoignent les relations historiques que bon nombre de familles ont développées avec le Saint. La prière est le lieu premier de la rencontre, le véhicule par lequel les dévots rencontrés communiquent avec Saint Frère André. Quant aux pratiques de dévotion, elles s’expriment sous de multiples formes : reliques, espaces de dévotions, statues, objets de piété, huile de Saint Joseph, images, culte, pèlerinages, etc. La dévotion populaire n’étant pas contrôlée par l’institution religieuse, elle donne libre cours aux expressions religieuses spontanées tant dans les rituels que dans l’écriture votive. / The religious landscape in Quebec has changed profoundly, even though the disaffection of the Catholic churches, some forms of devotion remain important, especially the devotion to Saint Brother André. Canonized by Pope Benedict XVI in October 2010, Saint Brother André is the first Canadian-born male Saint. He is responsible for the construction of Saint Joseph’s Oratory, the largest shrine dedicated to Saint Joseph in the world, and he is an important figure in Quebec. According to the Sanctuary’s data, every year, two million visitors visit the Oratory. These visitors have several profiles, they are either devout people from Montreal or the surrounding area, religious tourists, or pilgrims. This thesis deals with the devotion to Saint Brother André at the Saint Joseph Oratory of Mount Royal. The main objective is to understand the expressions and practices of this popular devotion as well as the experience lived by the devotees in this place of pilgrimage, using an ethnographic approach, which is based on a combined archival study of prayer intentions collected at the Oratory during the years 2010 and 2018. The ten observations made in the five places of prayer dedicated to Saint Brother André, the fifty interviews conducted with devotees and the study of about a hundred prayer intentions highlight the relationship of trust and friendship that people have with the Saint. This relationship is sustained by the perception of manifestations attributed to the divine, such as healing miracles, apparitions, and visions that, for the devotees, testify to the existence of an exchange of goods of charity between Heaven and Earth. This thesis shows the importance of the role of intercessor of Saint Brother André in the collective memory of Quebec, as evidenced by the historical relations that many families have developed with the Saint. Prayer is the first place of the encounter, the vehicle through which the devotees meet and communicate with Saint Brother André. As for devotional practices, they are expressed in many forms: relics, devotional spaces, statues, objects of piety, oil of Saint Joseph, images, worship, pilgrimages, etc. Since popular devotion is not controlled by the religious institution, it gives free rein to spontaneous religious expressions both in rituals and in votive writing.

At the end of the fifteenth century, Hieronymus Bosch provided the foremost expression of the strict religious piety embodied by the Devotio Moderna and the impending embrace of secular humanism. As a result, Bosch's seemingly complex images provided viewers with positive messages concerning the journey of life through the use of binary symbolism. He utilized the pilgrimage motif as a guide throughout his paintings and in relation to the liminal spaces surrounding his works. This article will examine his important triptych, The Haywain, (c.1495-1516) as an example of spiritual paths taken simultaneously by both religious and contemporary figures, along with the viewers themselves. The underlying theme of Christ's Ascension in The Haywain plays out in an interwoven assortment of journeys, identified by characteristic northern and medieval Christian iconography. Christ's final journey acts as the ultimate goal and the paradigm for both the pilgrim within the triptych and the viewer. Evidence of processional celebrations mimicking pilgrimages reveals that the motifs in Bosch's works were located throughout his visual culture. Finally, an investigation of Bosch's 1505 triptych The Temptation of St. Anthony reveals that Bosch remains consistent in his use of the pilgrimage theme. Bosch worked within the context of the visual and textual culture of the Netherlandish city of ‘s-Hertogenbosch, and despite his creative style, was understood among his contemporaries as a messenger of positive piety.

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In this Master's dissertation, I would like to explore a symbolic reading of John 11 (The raising of Lazarus) from the perspective of the church's mission to bring about the liberation of the poor. I believe that as one does so, one might discover that in the Gospel writer's original intention, the figure of Lazarus may never have been intended as a literal historical person, but rather as a symbolic representation of the poor, the marginalized and the oppressed. Such a reading of John 11 might throw new light on the Fourth Gospel's understanding of Jesus and his mission. In doing so, I believe that John 11 might become a foundational text to guide and motivate committed Christian mission in favour of the poor. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

Le renouveau d’intérêt pour la Terre sainte en Europe au XIXe siècle incite de nombreux voyageurs à publier leurs souvenirs à leur retour en France. L’analyse de ces textes montre que ces pèlerins des temps modernes ont en commun l’ambition de ne pas se limiter à décrire les Lieux saints visités, mais de rendre également compte de l’environnement géographique et ethnographique de la Palestine, de rapporter leurs impressions, de relater des anecdotes. Le lecteur est donc confronté à un narrateur qui revendique son identité propre, indépendamment du voyage. En présence de ce caractère éminemment subjectif, force est de constater que loin de s’inscrire dans un discours aux contours bien définis, les récits de voyage français en Palestine du XIXe siècle font résonner des voix diverses, souvent contradictoires, qui soulignent les grandes différences entre l’Occident et l’Orient, sans présenter une vision homogène de l’un ou de l’autre. / The revival of European interest in the Holy Land in the nineteenth century prompted manytravellers to seek to publish their accounts on their return to France. The analysis of thesetexts shows that these modern-day pilgrims found it necessary not to confine themselves todescribing the Holy Places, but also to reveal the geographical and ethnic environment ofPalestine, to express their feelings, to recount anecdotes. The reader is thus confronted with anarrator who is fully aware of his own identity, regardless of the journey undertaken. In viewof their subjective nature, one cannot fail to notice that nineteenth-century French travelnarratives about Palestine, rather than being part of a well-defined discourse, « speak » withmany different, often contradictory voices, which outline the major differences between theWest and the East, without presenting a homogenous image of one or the other.

This thesis examines the intersections of the concept of pilgrimage and the visual imagination in Britain from the years 1790 to 1850. Historically, distinctions between understandings of pilgrimage as motif, metaphor, artistic process, and actual journey have been blurred to varying degrees, resulting in the creation of images that were at once narratives, memorials, and stimuli for contemplative journeys from pictorial space to imagination. In the first half of the nineteenth century, religious architecture, sacred landscapes, and the emblematic figure of the pilgrim with coat, hat, and scrip functioned as temporal reminders of a promised land to come, as mediated through artistic practice. Through a close analysis of a range of interrelated visual sources, I contend that pilgrimage, both in practice and as a form of mental contemplation, helped to shape the religious, literary, and artistic imagination of the period and beyond. This study draws out the various levels at which pilgrimage engaged the visual imagination. In doing so it offers a detailed perspective on the conjunction of content, form, meaning, and process for artists and theorists, as notions of the transfer of ‘spirit’ from sacred space to represented space re-emerged as a key aspect of the theological and artistic discourse of the period. Chapter 1 outlines the antiquarian dissemination of medieval pilgrimage texts and images. I suggest that an awareness of pilgrimage as embodying the real and imagined emerged with the recovery of allegorical texts, histories of actual pilgrimages, and an interest in pilgrimage souvenirs. The discussion moves on to intersections between pilgrimage and religious art in Chapters 2 - 4, including the idea of painting as pilgrimage, as demonstrated through specific case studies, and the refashioning of relics and religious ruins as contemporary sites of pilgrimage (Chapter 5).