The development of new storage materials will facilitate the use of hydrogen as a major energy carrier in near future. In hydrogen economy, chemical hydrides such as NaBH4, KBH4, LiH, NaH have been tested as hydrogen storage materials for supplying hydrogen at ambient temperature. Among these chemical hydrides, sodium borohydride seems to be an ideal hydrogen storage material because it is stable under ordinary conditions and liberates hydrogen gas in a safe and controllable way in aqueous solutions. However, self hydrolysis of sodium borohydride is so slow that it requires a suitable catalyst. All of the prior catalysts tested for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride are heterogeneous and, therefore, have limited activity because of the small surface area. Here, we report for the first time the employment of water dispersible metal(0) nanoclusters having a large portion of atoms on the surface as a catalyst for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. In-situ formation of nickel(0) nanoclusters and catalytic hydrolysis of sodium borohydride were performed in the same medium. Nickel(0) nanoclusters are prepared from the reduction of nickel(II) acetylacetonate by sodium borohydride in aqueous solution and stabilized with hydrogenphosphate anions. The nickel(0) nanoclusters were characterized by using XPS, Powder XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic methods. The kinetics of the nickel(0) nanoclusters catalyzed hydrolysis of sodium borohydride was studied depending on the catalyst concentration, substrate concentration, stabilizing agent concentration and temperature. Tha kinetic study shows that the nickel(0) nanocluster-catalyzed hydrolysis of sodium borohydride is first order with respect to catalyst concentration and zero order with respect to substrate concentration The activation parameters of this reaction were also determined from the evaluation of the kinetic data. The hydrogenphosphate-stabilized nickel(0) nanoclusters provide a lower activation energy (Ea= 55 kJ/mol) than bulk nickel (Ea=73 kJ/mol) for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3009.pdf: 2906186 bytes, checksum: 1478ac9613bc0e97d35e8590e173e955 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-09 / The main issue in this dissertation is the process of child s cultural development in primary school (from 0 to 5 years old). We aimed at identifying whether the school and family contribute to children s cultural development, and how this process occurs, through the analysis of concepts from the children themselves, the teachers, the school director, the educational staff, school officials and students parents. The methodological procedures used were based on a qualitative approach; we collected data through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Cultural-Historical Theory served as the theoretical foundation for our work; therefore, we believe that cultural development results from appropriations and objectifications made by individuals from their social relations throughout life. Cultural development is a condition for individuals humanization. The data analyzed stated that the school and the family contribute to children s cultural development; however, this contribution was not so intentional or systematic. The social function of Primary School expressed by different participants in the survey was very similar and emphasized the role of school in children s preparation for Intermediate school (6-13 years old), and in the development of values and rules for living together. We realized that playing was appreciated both by children and adults, but children valued this activity by itself while adults often considered playing as a resource for learning school subjects, or simply as a way of occupying child s free time. Children s and adult s access to culture was restricted and limited, particularly to television, and that impoverished their possibilities of cultural development. Artistic and cultural activities were interpreted as didactical and pedagogical resources, and were rarely associated with leisure, fun, broadening of worldview, and thus, with cultural development. We hope, with the analysis undertaken in this research, to contribute to the thinking on the democratic and revolutionary dimension of the school in what concerns its role as an institution that should offer opportunities of access to increasingly sophisticated knowledge and experience, so that all children perform appropriations and objectifications that could result in their growing and continuous cultural development aimed at building a fairer and more equitable society. / O problema central desta tese é o processo de desenvolvimento cultural da criança na Educação Infantil. Buscamos identificar se a escola e a família contribuem para o desenvolvimento cultural das crianças e de que forma esse processo ocorre, a partir da análise das concepções das próprias crianças, das professoras, da diretora, das agentes educacionais, dos funcionários da escola e dos pais de alunos. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados se fundamentaram em abordagem qualitativa, coletamos os dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionários. A Teoria Histórico-Cultural serviu de fundamentação teórica para nosso trabalho, deste modo, concebemos que o desenvolvimento cultural resulta das apropriações e objetivações realizadas pelos indivíduos a partir das relações sociais que estabelecem ao longo de sua vida. O desenvolvimento cultural é condição de humanização dos indivíduos. Os dados analisados enunciaram que a escola e a família contribuíam para o desenvolvimento cultural das crianças, todavia, essa contribuição ocorria de forma pouco intencional e sistematizada. A função social da Educação Infantil expressa pelos diferentes participantes da pesquisa foi bem semelhante e enfatizava o papel de preparação da criança para o Ensino Fundamental e o desenvolvimento de valores e regras de convivência. Verificamos que a brincadeira era valorizada tanto pelas crianças como pelos adultos, porém, as crianças valorizavam essa atividade por ela mesma e os adultos, muitas vezes, consideravam a brincadeira como um recurso para a aprendizagem de conteúdos escolares ou simplesmente uma forma de ocupar o tempo livre da criança. O acesso das crianças e dos adultos aos bens culturais era restrito e limitado, em especial à televisão, e isso empobrecia as possibilidades de desenvolvimento cultural deles. As atividades artísticas e culturais eram interpretadas como recurso didático-pedagógico e raramente se vinculavam ao lazer, ao divertimento, a ampliação da visão de mundo e consequentemente ao desenvolvimento cultural. A partir das análises empreendidas nesta pesquisa, esperamos contribuir para a reflexão sobre a dimensão democrática e revolucionária da escola no sentido de que cabe a essa instituição oferecer oportunidades de acesso a conhecimentos e experiências cada vez mais sofisticados para que todas as crianças realizem apropriações e objetivações que resultem em seu crescente e continuo desenvolvimento cultural com vistas à construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária.

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This diploma thesis is devoted to the development of body measurements of children 0 to 6 months old being exclusively breastfed until the age of four months and then breastfed with appropriate complementary food. The anthropometrical parameters were the body length, the body weight and the head circumference. The results are shown separately for girls and boys in tables and graphs. The data were compared to the previous surveys of the Czech children. Student's t-test and Z- score were used for comparison. Selected somatic and other characteristics obtained by a questionnaire were taken into the study. The Life Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to evaluate the welfare of primiparas. The breastfed children do not reach lower average values of body length and weight than children of the reference survey CAV, 2001 (Vignerová et al., 2005) and Bláha a kol., 2001 (Bláha et al., 2010) in general. Body lenght, body weight and head circumference of boys and girls until the age of one month positively correlates with the gestation age of an infant. Life satisfaction of primiparas is mostly influenced by financial situation, marriage, partnership and sexuality. Life satisfaction of primiparas from our survey correlates statistically significantly with their health and satisfaction with marriage and partnership. The collected somatic data of infants could be used as a part of the standards for contemporary population of breastfed infants.

Monitoring of 0+ juvenile fish communities was realized in years 2012 and 2013 in 39 localities in 25 selected Moravian rivers. It was realized in collaboration with Povodí Moravy SOE research workers. The aim of this diploma thesis was to conduct a survey of 0+ juvenile fish communities and evaluate basic attributes of these ichthyocenosis (species richness, biodiversity, equitability, abundance and domiance). Secondary aim was the evalutation od hydromorphological conditions and water quality based on data provided by Povodí Moravy SOE. This monitoring was realized using the mobile FEG 1500 electrofishing device. The electrofishing crew moved upstream using continuous fishing strategy. Each locality was selected by highly experienced research workers of Povodí Moravy SOE. Caught fish were determined immediately and carefully retruned to the stream. In total there was present 28 0+ juvenile fish species. The most frequent was chub (Leuciscus cephalus, 23 localities), gudgeon (Gobio gobio, 19 localities) and roach (Rutilus rutilus, 19 localities). In 13 localities occured the fish fry of barbel (Barbus barbus) wich is positive surprise due to its sensitivity to water pollution. In contrast the massive presence of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in some localities was an unpleasant finding. 4 localities were without fish fry. This survey has observed increasing trend of biodiversity depending on improving of hydromorphological status while the abundance showed almost no diference. Saprobic index of 0+ juvenilie fish community increased with deteriorating of water quality which could mean that the fish fry is relatively reliable indicator of water quality. The results of this diploma thesis could be used in documenting of Moravian streams and in comparisson with another monitorings in these localities.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:38:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1655.pdf: 7842557 bytes, checksum: 484d0bcb8d1c68a5d24c289ed5d11579 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-30 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This work discourses on the municipal public politics for the education of children from zero to three years in the city of São Carlos, configuring itself as a study on the period of 1977 to 2006, carried out through the speeches of State agents. It presents brief history of this town, the influence of the doctor-hygienism in the children's education and characterizes and discuss the type of attendance offered at the daycare centers in São Carlos as well as the public politics oriented to children from zero to three years old in distinct moments in the city's history and raises questions concerning to the children education that has been nationaly discussed, but that in this work appear from the analysis of the local experience of infancy support. The proposed analysis for this work was done based on the history of the day-care centers of São Carlos in three periods: i) previous to the 1977, intitled, in this work as the "Philantroply's Period ", ii) between the years of 1977 and 1996, intitled as the "Assistance's Period" and iii) between the years of 1997 and 2006, intitled as the "Education's Period" / Este trabalho discorre sobre as políticas públicas municipais para a educação de crianças de zero a três anos na cidade de São Carlos, configurando-se como um estudo sobre o período de 1977 a 2006, realizado a partir das falas de agentes do Estado. Apresenta um pouco da história da cidade, a influência do médico-higienismo na educação de crianças e caracteriza e discute o tipo de atendimento oferecido nas creches de São Carlos bem como as políticas públicas voltadas para o atendimento às crianças de zero a três anos em diversos momentos da história do município e levanta questões referentes à educação infantil que vem sendo discutidas nacionalmente, mas que nesse trabalho surgem a partir da análise da experiência local de atendimento à infância. A análise proposta por este trabalho foi realizada a partir de uma organização da história das creches de São Carlos em três períodos: i) anterior à 1977, intitulado, neste trabalho como o Período da Filantropia , ii) entre os anos de 1977 e 1996, intitulado como o Período da Assistência e iii) de 1997 a 2006, intitulado como o Período da Educação

No description available.

Background:Today, there are only limitedSwedishscreening materials that can be usedtoassess early speech and language development in infancy. Studies have shown that children with diagnoses likehearing impairment, developmental language disorder and/or autism-spectrum disordershow anearly delay in their speechdevelopment. They often have a later onset of babbling and use less babbling in general. By identifyingthese children atan early age, they can get the help and support they need earlier, which in turnwill benefittheir speech and language development to progress in a more age-appropriate way. The purpose of this study was to validate the German questionnaire LittlEARS Early Speech Production Questionnaire, LEESPQ, to a Swedish context, and to investigatea possible correlation between reported screen time and toddlers’ expressive speech and language ability. Method:Three different questionnaires (LEESPQ, LEAQ, Screen time) were used inthe study and 41familieswith children in the ages between 0-18 months took part. The questionnaires consisted of yes/no and open-endedquestions. The results were analyzed with quantitative methods and were presented descriptively. The methods were also used to discover a potential correlation between LEESPQ and the children’s screen time. Results:The resultsshowedthat LEESPQ is valid in a Swedish context. There wasa positivecorrelation with the German LEESPQ and the Swedish validation of LEAQ. There was no correlation between the result on LEESPQ and the results of the questionnaire about Screen time.Conclusions:LEESPQ seems to be a valid screening instrument in a Swedish context. More studies are needed to see if the amount of screen time and age of screen time onset has any effect on children’s speech and language abilities over time.Keywords: infants, speechand language abilities, LEESPQ, screen time, LEAQ / Bakgrund: Det finns idagfå instrument för att utvärdera spädbarns tal-och språkutveckling. Detta trots att forskning visat att spädbarn med diagnoser som hörselnedsättning, autismspektrumstörning och/eller språkstörning kan uppvisa mindre andel joller och en försenad jollerutveckling. Genom att upptäcka dessa barn redan i spädbarnsåldern går det att sätta in tidigare habiliteringsinsatser och tekniska hjälpmedel för dem med hörselnedsättning, med syfte att barnen ska få en såadekvat tal-och språkutveckling som möjligt. Syftet med denna studie var att validera detfråntyskaöversatta frågeformuläret LittlEARS Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) till svensk kontext samt att undersöka eventuella korrelationer mellan spädbarns skärmtid och deras expressiva tal-och språkförmåga. Metod: Studiens material bestod av tre pappersenkäter: LEESPQ, LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire (LEAQ) och skärmtidsformulär och det var 41 familjermed barn i åldrarna 0-18 månadersom deltog. Frågorna bestod av ja/nej-frågor samt öppna frågor. Frågorna analyserades kvantitativt och presenterades deskriptivt, samt användes för att undersöka samband mellan LEESPQ och barnens skärmtid. Resultat: Resultaten för svenska barn på LEESPQ visade en positiv korrelation med resultat för tyska barn ochäven ett positivt samband med den svenska valideringen av LEAQ, vilket indikerar att LEESPQ är användbart även i en svensk kontext. I studien fanns inga statistiskt signifikanta samband mellan resultaten på LEESPQ och resultatet från skärmtidsformuläret. Slutsats:LittlEARS Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) förefaller vara ettanvändbart instrument för att undersöka spädbarns tidiga tal-och språkutveckling i svensk kontext. Ytterligare studier behövs för att se huruvida mängden skärmtid ochålder från skärmtidsstart påverkar barns tal-och språkförmåga över tid. Nyckelord: spädbarn, tal-och språkutveckling, LEESPQ, skärmtid, LEAQ

This master's thesis deals with the comparison of the short-circuit current calculation for a model example according to the standard IEC 60909-0:2016 with simulation programs. The first part deals with short-circuit in general together with an example of calculation of short-circuit currents. The next part of the master’s thesis deals with creating models of network elements by different simulation programs. The last part deals with dynamic simulation of model example together with programs settings. Finally, the results of simulations are evaluated.

Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem 12 bitového řetězového A/D převodníku. Součástí návrhu bylo vytvořit referenční model převodníku v prostředí Matlab a determinovat faktory, které negativně ovlivňují výsledek konverze. S využitím nabytých poznatků navrhnout řetězový převodník na transistorové úrovni v prostředí Cadence. V teoretické části jsou shrnuty základy A/D převodu a dále jsou představeny nejčastěji používané architektury A/D převodníků. V dalších částech je popsán a diskutován vliv neidealit na vlastnosti řetězových převodníků. Praktická část se již věnuje popisu základních charakteristik řetězových převodníků a dokazuje funkci modelu. Z výsledků modelové struktury byly stanoveny reálné parametry, které byly dále využity v procesu tvorby návrhu v CMOS technologii TSMC 0,18m s nízkým napájecím napětím.