My aim with this essay is to analyse how the theme of sexuality and love in two dystopian novels – We  (1924),  by Yevgeny Zamyatin and Kallocain  (1940), by Karin Boye – relate to “the modern project”, a term I use to identify a cluster of important ideas that profoundly impacted society in the first decades of the 20th century. My analysis is based on a theoretical point of view claiming that dystopian novels present a critical perspective on society, and that they deal with issues, problems and values specific to the period in which they were written. Using a comparative method, where “the modern project” works asan “Ansatzpunkt”, I explore a variety of texts studying the theme of love and sexualityin We  and Kallocain  from different perspectives. I further discuss how both novels criticize societies where some of the ideas from “the modern project” are realized in unexpected ways: the “bourgeois family” is gone and the state performs some of its duties, sexuality is reduced to biological needs and reproduction, and love relationships are seen as egotistical and irrational. Even though these societies are trying hard, they can’t stop their citizens from using love and sexuality as a means to connect to one another and build a resistance. My conclusion is that both Zamyatin and Boye most likely were inspired by the writings of Sigmund Freud, who at that time was highly influential. In this light their novels can beinterpreted as presenting the human libido (We) and insights gained through psychoanalysis (Kallocain) as defences against collectivistic totalitarian states.

Characterising the geochemistry and speciation of major contaminant radionuclides is crucial in order to understand their behaviour and migration in complex environmental systems. Organic complexing agents used in nuclear decontamination have been found to enhance migration of radionuclides at contaminated sites; however, the mechanisms of the interactions in complex environments are poorly understood. In this work, radionuclide speciation and sorption behaviour were investigated in order to identify interactions between four key radionuclides with different oxidation states (Cs(I) and Sr(II) as important fission products; Th(IV) and U(VI) as representative actinides), three anthropogenic organic complexing agents with different denticities (EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid as common co-contaminants), and natural sand (as simple environmental solid phase). A UV spectrophotometric and an IC method were developed to monitor the behaviour of EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid in the later experiments. The optimised methods were simple, applied widely-available instrumentation and achieved the necessary analytical figures of merit to allow a compound specific determination over variable background levels of DOC and in the presence of natural cations, anions and radionuclides. The effect of the ligands on the solubility of the radionuclides was studied using a natural sand matrix and pure silica for comparison of anions, cations and organic carbon. In the silica system, the presence of EDTA, NTA and, to a lesser extent, picolinic acid, showed a clear net effect of increasing Th and U solubility. Conversely, in the sand system, the sorption of Th and U was kinetically controlled and radionuclide complexation by the ligands enhanced the rate of sorption, by a mechanism identified as metal exchange with matrix metals. Experiments in which excess EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid (40 – 100 fold excess) were pre-equilibrated with Th and U prior to contact with the sand, to allow a greater degree of radionuclide complex formation, resulted in enhanced rates of sorption. This confirmed that the radionuclide complexes interacted with the sand surface more readily than uncomplexed Th or U. Overall this shows that Th and U mobility would be lowered in this natural sand by the presence of organic co-contaminants. In contrast, the complexation of Sr with the complexing agents was rapid and the effect of the ligands was observed as a net increase on Sr solubility (EDTA, picolinic acid) or sorption (NTA). As expected, Cs did not interact with the ligands, and showed rapid sorption kinetics. Finally, ESI-MS was used to study competitive interactions in the aqueous Th-Mn-ligand ternary system. Quantification presented a challenge, however, the careful approach taken to determine the signal correction allowed the competitive interactions between Mn and Th for EDTA to be studied semi-quantitatively. In an EDTA limited system, Th displaced Mn from the EDTA complex, even in the presence of a higher Mn concentration, which was consistent with the higher stability constant of the Th-EDTA complex.

Denna uppsats undersöker vilket innehåll USA:s president Donald Trump fyllde begreppen ”vi” och ”dom” med via sitt Twitterkonto under de sista tre veckorna av presidentvalrörelsen 2016. Analysen motiveras av att den kan ge en fingervisning om vilken politik Trump kommer att verka för som president. Forskningsfrågan för studien är: Med vilket innehåll fyller Donald Trump, genom sitt Twitterkonto, signifikanterna ”vi” och ”dom”? Uppsatsen ingår i forskningsfältet politisk kommunikation och utgår från ett teoretiskt ramverk som lägger stor vikt vid språkets funktion i konstruktionen av verkligheten. Som metod används diskursanalys, där betydelserna för ”vi” och ”dom” tolkas utifrån hur begreppen sammankopplas med andra betydelsebärande begrepp och den kontext som tweetarna är skrivna i. I uppsatsens analys framkommer det att Trump konstruerar en motsättning mellan ”vi” och ”dom” som baseras på religiös tillhörighet och ursprung, och där ”dom” som är muslimer eller har invandrat från Latinamerika utgör problemet. Utifrån den konstruerade problembilden kan politiska krav som att stoppa invandringen från muslimska länder och att deportera miljontals invandrade från Latinamerika, framstå som logiska lösningar. Lösningar som också har presenterats av Donald Trump. Denna typ av politiska förslag riskerar leda till att ytterligare öka främlingsfientligheten och de sociala spänningarna i USA. / This paper examines the content US President Donald Trump filled the terms "us" and "them" via his Twitter account during the last three weeks of the presidential election campaign in 2016. The analysis is motivated because it can give an indication of what kind of policy Trump will suggest as president. The research question for this study is: With what content does Donald Trump, through his Twitter account, fill the signifiers "us" and "them"? The essay is part of the research field of political communication and is based on a theoretical framework which places emphasis on the function language has as a tool for the construction of reality. Discourse analysis is used as method, which implicates that the meanings of "us" and "them" is interpreted on the basis of how the concepts are connected with other meaningful concepts and the context in which the tweets are produced. According to the analysis of this paper, Donald Trump constructs an opposition between "us" and "them" based on religious affiliation and origin, in which "them" – who are Muslim or immigrants from Latin America – are the problem. Based on this constructed conflict, the political demands to stop immigration from Muslim countries and deport millions of immigrants from Latin America, appears as logical solutions. Solutions that has also been presented by Donald Trump. This type of policy proposals could lead to a further strengthening of the social divisiveness and an increase of xenophobia in USA.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / For over half a century the NPS Aerolabʼ Low Speed Wind Tunnel located in Halligan Hall of the Naval Postgraduate school has served to provide students and faculty with meaningful aerodynamic data for research and problem analysis. New data acquisition hardware was installed three years ago but never fully verified, and contained no integrated software program to collect data from the strain-gauge balance pedestal. Existing National Instruments based hardware for the NPS low-speed wind tunnel was reconfigured to obtain data from the strain-gauge pedestal. Additionally, a data acquisition software program was written in LabVIEW⠭ to accommodate the hardware. The Virtual Instruments (VI) program collects and plots accurate data from all four strain gauges in real-time, producing non-dimensional force and moment coefficients. A research study on the performance of an OH-6A helicopter fuselage was conducted. NPS Aerolabʼ wind tunnel tests consisted of drag, lift, and pitching moment measurements of the OH-6A along yaw and angle-of-attack sweeps. The results of the NPS wind tunnel data were compared against testing conducted on a full-scale OH-6A helicopter in NASA Ames' 40 ft. x 80ft. wind tunnel, along with the U.S. Army's Light Observation Helicopter (LOH) wind tunnel tests. Results of current testing substantiate the LabVIEW⠭ code. / Ensign, United States Navy

Orientador: Silvana Artioli Schellini / Resumo: O primeiro atendimento prestado a queixas oftalmológicas no sistema SUS, em geral, é feito por médicos do Programa de Saúde da Família e Comunidade (SFC). Avaliar o conhecimento oftalmológico destes profissionais poderia indicar se há necessidade de treinamento, visando reduzir a demanda oftalmológica nos níveis secundário/terciário, assim como, prevenir a cegueira. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento oftalmológico dos médicos que integram as Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESF) da DRS-VI, visando a melhoria do atendimento oftalmológico. Método: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo transversal, observacional, baseado em questionário eletrônico, visando avaliar o perfil de formação e conhecimento oftalmológico dos médicos das equipes de SFC que atuam na DRS-VI. A coleta de dados ocorreu de outubro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019. Os dados foram avaliados por meio de análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Cento e quinze médicos responderam ao questionário completo. Dentre os entrevistados, 81 (70,4%) eram do sexo masculino e 58 (50,4%) cursaram a graduação em instituição pública. A análise comparativa mostrou que o conhecimento oftalmológico não difere entre médicos de sexos diferentes ou entre os graduados em instituição pública ou privada. Apesar do viés de poucos médicos (20% dos entrevistados) terem realizado especialização em MFC, o fato de realizar o curso não provocou efeito significativo sobre a porcentagem de acertos. Segundo os respondentes, 58 (50,4%) relataram atender indivíduo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Doctors working in the Family and Community Health Program (SFC) in general are the first care providers to ophthalmological complaints within the Brazilian Universal Health System. Evaluating the ophthalmological knowledge of these professionals might indicate if there is a need for training, aiming to reduce the ophthalmological demand in the secondary / tertiary levels, as well as in order to prevent blindness. Objective: To survey ophthalmologic knowledge of doctors working at the Family Health Program (FHP) of our region (DRS – VI), aiming the improvement of ophthalmological services. Method: Transversal and observational study, based on an online questionnaire, surveying ophthalmologic knowledge from doctors of the FHP working at DRS-VI. Data was collected from October 2018 to February 2019 and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: One hundred and fifteen practioners answered the questionnaire. Among them, 70.4% were men e 58% had the medical degree in public universities. Comparative analysis showed sex or institution of graduation had no influence in ophthalmologic knowledge. Besides the bias of few doctors (20% of the responders) had specialization in Family Health and Community, the percentage of correct answers was similar in both groups. According to the respondents 50.4% usually assist patients with ophthalmologic complaints. Just 22 (19.1%) practioners considered to have enough knowledge to deal with the main ophthalmologic conditions, 82 (71.3%) jud... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Im Zentrum dieser Arbeit standen ramanspektroskopische Untersuchungen der elektronischen spin-flip-Übergänge an semimagnetischen (Zn,Mn)Se Proben. Hierbei wurden sowohl Quantentrogstrukturen untersucht als auch volumenartige Proben. Ziel der Forschung war dabei, ein tieferes Verständnis der Wechselwirkungen der magnetischen Ionen mit den Leitungsbandelektronen der Materialien zu gewinnen. Im Hinblick auf mögliche zukünftige spin-basierte Bauelemente lag das Hauptaugenmerk auf dem Einfluss von n-Dotierung bis zu sehr hohen Konzentration. Hierfür standen verschiedene Probenreihen mit unterschiedlichen Dotierungskonzentrationen zur Verfügung. / In the present doctoral thesis, spin flip Raman studies of semimagnetic (Zn,Mn)Se samples were in the focus of interest. Quantum wells as well as bulk-like materials were investigated. The main goal was a better understanding of the exchange interaction behaviour of heavily n-doped semimagnetic samples. The influence of doping on the exchange interaction is of special relevance with regard to spintronics applications. Several series of high quality MBE-grown (Zn,Mn)Se -samples samples were available.

ZnO-based semiconductors were studied by Raman spectroscopy and complementary methods (e.g. XRD, EPS) with focus on semimagnetic alloying with transition metal ions, doping (especially p-type doping with nitrogen as acceptor), and nanostructures (especially wet-chemically synthesized nanoparticles). / ZnO-basierte Halbleiter wurden mittels Ramanspektroskopie und komplementärer Methoden (z.B. XRD, EPS) untersucht mit den Schwerpunkten semimagnetische Legierung mit Übergangsmetallen, Dotierung (vor allem p-Dotierung mit Stickstoff als Akzeptor) und Nanostrukturen (vor allem nass-chemisch hergestellte Nanopartikel).

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-14T22:58:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 02c.pdf: 4143631 bytes, checksum: f74eb64ed042d68302da8c134a634656 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-14T22:58:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 02c.pdf: 4143631 bytes, checksum: f74eb64ed042d68302da8c134a634656 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Com o objetivo de reduzir a geração de resíduos nos processos industriais e agrícolas, bem como melhor reaproveitá-los, seja no próprio processo produtivo ou como matéria-prima na elaboração de outros materiais, tem-se cada vez mais investido em pesquisas para a transformação destes, até então considerados apenas resíduos industriais, em produtos de interesse comercial. Neste sentido, as cascas residuais oriundas do processo de beneficiamento de arroz vêm sendo utilizadas como combustível, visando ao aproveitamento energético. Mediante a queima da casca de arroz é gerada a cinza de casca de arroz composta basicamente de sílica, potencializando o uso deste resíduo em diferentes segmentos industriais. Muitos trabalhos aplicam a cinza de casca de arroz na construção civil, visto que grande parte dessas cinzas apresenta características pozolânicas decorrente da alta concentração de sílica amorfa presente no material. Pesquisas têm demonstrado que estas cinzas também apresentam potencialidade de aplicação como material adsorvente. No entanto, a cinza de casca de arroz apresenta-se, muitas vezes, como um material heterogêneo tanto na sua composição granulométrica quanto na sua composição química. Estas características podem interferir nas aplicações limitando seu aproveitamento. A segregação dos resíduos é uma técnica amplamente aplicada no gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos industriais e pode oportunizar a reciclagem dos materiais segregados. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como proposta principal contribuir para a valorização do resíduo cinza de casca de arroz como co-produto através da etapa de segregação. Foi estudada a influência da segregação da cinza da casca de arroz nas características fisicoquímicas, bem como no seu desempenho como material pozolânico e adsorvente. As amostras e as frações segregadas foram caracterizadas através de parâmetros físicos (perda ao fogo, massa específica, área superficial, distribuição granulométrica) parâmetros químicos (análise química, difração de raio-X) e parâmetros microestruturais (microscopia eletrônica de varredura com espectro de dispersão de energia-EDS). A atividade pozolânica foi determinada após moagem das amostras e das frações através de ensaios de Pozolanicidade com o cimento e Condutividade Elétrica. Os ensaios de adsorção foram realizados com soluções de Cr(VI). O cromo residual foi quantificado pelo método colorimétrico da 1,5- difenilcarbazida. Resultados obtidos demonstraram que a segregação configura-se numa etapa importante, pois remove impurezas e contaminantes presentes na amostra, bem como origina frações diferentes, evidenciadas nos ensaios de caracterização. Nos ensaios de atividade pozolânica, observou-se que a influência da segregação relaciona-se com o tipo de processo de combustão aplicado para a obtenção da cinza. Nos ensaios de adsorção, observou-se que a segregação influenciou na remoção de cromo hexavalente. O estudo demonstrou, nas condições testadas, a viabilidade do uso de cinza de casca de arroz na adsorção do metal quando ajustados os parâmetros do processo que favoreçam a remoção dos íons de cromo. / The main objective for the industry is to reduce the generation of wastes, or to find better uses to them, such as in the own productive process or as raw material in the elaboration of other materials. Also, a great amount of funds has been invested in researches for the transformation of such wastes, in by-products of commercial interest. In this way, the rice husk from the rice processing have been used as combustible, for producing energy. Rice husk ashes are generated from the rice husk burning, which presents a potential to be used as raw material in the production of several products in different industry sectors. Most of the works apply the rice husk ash in civil construction, because a great part of those ashes present pozzolanic characteristics as a result of their amorphous chemical structure and the high silica content. In fact, between other factors, the pozzolanicity of rice husk ash depends on the thermal process applied to the rice husk during burning. Researches have been demonstrating that the ashes also may be potentiality applied as adsorbent. However, the rice husk ash comes, many times, as a heterogeneous material so much in your particle size distribution as in your chemical composition. These characteristics can interfere in the applications limiting your use. The segregation of the wastes is thoroughly a technique applied in the administration of industrial solid waste and it can guarantee the recycle of the segregated materials. This work has as main objective to contribute for the valorization of the waste rice husk ash as coproduct through the segregation stage. It was studied the influence of the segregation of the rice husk ash, in physical-chemical characteristics, as well as your acting as pozzolanic and adsorbent. The samples and segregated fractions were characterized via physical (fire loss, specific gravity, specific surface area, particle size distribution), chemical (chemical analysis, X Ray diffraction) and microstructural parameters (scanning electronic microscopy with energy dispersion spectroscopy – EDS). The pozzolanic activity was determined after grinding the samples and the fractions via Cement pozzolanic and Electric Conductivity Methods. The adsorption rehearsals were accomplished with Cr(VI) solutions, that was quantified by the colorimeter method using 1,5-difenilcarbazida. Results demonstrated that the segregation became an important step, because removes impurities and contaminants from the samples and also originates fractions with different characteristics. It was observed, in pozzolanic activity, that the influence of the segregation links with the type of applied combustion process for the obtaining of the ash. It was observed, in adsorption rehearsals, that the segregation influenced in the removal of chromium (VI). Adsorption results showed, considering the experimental conditions in this work, the viability of the use of rice husk ash in the adsorption of chromium (VI) when adjusted the process’s parameters that guarantee the removal of chromium.

Au Vietnam, le nombre des cartes bancaires émises qui évolue d'une façon spectaculaire, offre beaucoup d'opportunités commerciales aux banques. Cependant, la plus grande difficulté, à laquelle doit faire face le système bancaire du Vietnam, est l'utilisation traditionnelle de l'argent liquide par les habitants, Cette habitude s'avère difficile à modifier. En effet, malgré la carte et ses nombreux services comme le virement, le règlement des achats ... beaucoup de possesseurs de carte utilisent encore essentiellement du liquide. Dans l'espoir d'obtenir une meilleure compréhension des facteurs internes et externes aux consommateurs qui influencent l'utilisation de la carte bancaire, mon sujet a visé à identifier les facteurs explicatifs de l'utilisation de la carte bancaire par les consommateurs vietnamiens. Plusieurs études ont déjà été menées dans le domaine des cartes bancaires, en particulier concernant les facteurs qui influencent l'utilisation de la banque électronique chez les consommateurs. Dans le contexte des pays de l'Asie du Sud-Est, il y a néanmoins peu d'auteurs qui ont étudié ce sujet. Au Vietnam, aucune étude n'a tenté d'élaborer un modèle des facteurs explicatifs d l'utilisation de la carte bancaire. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire d'identifier les facteurs explicatifs de l'utilisation de la carte bancaire chez les Vietnamiens. Notre recherche s'appuie sur les différentes théories et modèles de comportement (Théorie de l'action raisonnée, théorie du comportement planifié, ... ), et les différents modèles d'utilisation des cartes bancaires réalisés dans quelques pays dans le monde. Associé à une étude qualitative auprès de 20 possesseurs de la carte réalisée au Vietnam, nous avons ensuite élaboré un modèle de recherche qui permet de vérifier la relation entre des facteurs internes, externes et l'attitude, et l'utilisation de la carte bancaire chez les consommateurs. Pour vérifier nos hypothèses de recherche, une lourde enquête quantitative sur 1350 consommateurs vietnamiens (possesseurs et non possesseurs) a été réalisée grâce au questionnaire administré en face à face. Les résultats de cette recherche ont montré que la perception de l'infrastructure nationale, le comportement des magasins qui acceptent la carte, la politique Marketing des banques émettrices, le leadership d'opinion, le sexe et l'âge influencent positivement l'attitude; alors que l'infrastructure nationale, le comportement des magasins qui acceptent la carte, la politique Marketing des banques émettrices, la compatibilité perçue, la possibilité d'observabilité, la possibilité d'essai, le leadership d'opinion, le sexe l'attitude influent positivement l'utilisation de la carte bancaire. L'analyse de l'influence de ces facteurs permet au gouvernement vietnamien ainsi qu'aux responsables des banques vietnamiennes d'identifier les stratégies à mettre en oeuvre pour stimuler l'utilisation des cartes. Par conséquent, ce sujet offre des perspectives intéressantes pour les acteurs économiques, ... en termes de stratégies de développement de l'utilisation de carte bancaire. / In Vietnam, the number of issued bank cards is in a changing dramatically, offering many business opportunities fi banks. However, the greatest challenge that faces the banking system of Vietnam is the usual or traditional use of cash' the inhabitants. This habit is difficult to change. Indeed, despite the card and its many services such as transfer, payment for goods ... many cardholders are still using essentially the cash. In the hope of obtaining a better understanding internal and external factors that influence the use of bank card among consumers, my subject is to identify factors the explain the use of the bank card by Vietnamese consumers. Factors influencing the use of electronic banking in general and especially the bank card among consumers are the focus of numerous studies. In the context of the countries Southeast Asia, there are nevertheless some authors who have studied this subject. Especially in Vietnam, no study h attempted to develop a model of factors explaining the use of the bank cards. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors explaining the use of bank cards among Vietnamese consumers. Moreover, our research is based on different theories and models involved (Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior ... ), and different patterns of use bank cards performed in some countries in the world. Associated with a qualitative study of 20 cardholders achieved i Vietnam, we then developed a research model based on assumptions about the relationship between internal factor external factors and the attitude towards use, and the use of bank card among consumers. To test hypotheses of the research, a quantitative study of 1350 Vietnamese consumers (owners and non-owners) through the questionnaire administered face to face was performed. The results of this research showed that the perception of the nation infrastructure, the behavior of stores that accept the bank card, Marketing policy of issuing banks, leadership. / Ở Việt Nam, số lượng thẻ ngân hàng phát hành hiện nay tăng rất nhanh, đã mở ra nhiều cơ hộikinh doanh cho các ngân hàng. Tuy nhiên, khó khăn lớn nhất mà hệ thống ngân hàng ViệtNam gặp phải là thói quen sử dụng tiền mặt từ lâu đời trong dân cư. Thói quen này thật khóthay đổi. Thực tế, mặc dù đã có thẻ ngân hàng cũng như nhiều chức năng khác nhau gắn vớithẻ, nhiều chủ sở hữu thẻ vẫn chủ yếu thanh toán bằng tiền mặt. Với mong muốn hiểu đượcnhững nhân tố bên trong và bên ngoài ảnh hưởng đến việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng của ngườitiêu dùng, luận án này sẽ xác định những nhân tố giải thích cho việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ởngười tiêu dùng Việt Nam.Nhiều nghiên cứu khác nhau đã đề cập đến thẻ ngân hàng, đặc biệt là những nhân tố ảnhhưởng đến việc dùng ngân hàng điện tử ở người tiêu dùng. Tuy nhiên, trong bối cảnh nhữngquốc gia Đông Nam Á, chỉ có số ít tác giả nghiên cứu vấn đề này. Nhất là tại Việt Nam, chưacó nghiên cứu nào thử phát họa mô hình những nhân tố giải thích cho việc sử dụng thẻ ngânhàng của người tiêu dùng Việt Nam.Mặc khác, nghiên cứu này dựa trên các lý thuyết và mô hình hành vi khác nhau, cũng như dựatrên các mô hình sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ở một số quốc gia trên thế giới. Kết hợp với cuộcnghiên cứu định tính đối với 20 chủ thẻ ngân hàng, luận án này phát họa mô hình nghiên cứudựa trên các lý thuyết liên quan đến quan hệ giữa những nhân tố bên trong, bên ngoài và tháiđộ đối với việc sử dụng thẻ cũng như việc sử dụng thẻ ở người tiêu dùng.Để kiểm định các giả thuyết nghiên cứu, cuộc nghiên cứu định lượng được thực hiện đối với1350 người tiêu dùng Việt Nam (người sở hữu và không sở hữu thẻ) nhờ vào bản câu hỏiđược phát trực tiếp.Kết quả cuộc nghiên cứu đã thể hiện rằng cảm nhận về hạ tầng quốc gia, về hành vi của cácđơn vị chấp nhận thẻ, về chính sách Marketing của các ngân hàng phát hành, khả năng dẫnđạo ý kiến, giới tính của người tiêu dùng có quan hệ đồng biến với thái độ đối với việc sửdụng thẻ cũng như việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng.Việc phân tích những nhân tố ảnh hưởng này cho phép chính phủ Việt Nam, cũng như cácnhà quản lý ngân hàng xác định các chiến lược nhằm kích thích việc sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng.Do đó, đề tài này mở ra viễn cảnh thú vị về mặt chiến lược phát triển sử dụng thẻ ngân hàng ởViệt Nam.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Com o advento das câmeras de vídeo, em meados da década de 70, os campos da comunicação e das ciências sociais presenciaram o nascimento de um instrumento tecnológico que alterou uma série de procedimentos teórico-metodológicos dentro da academia. Em posse de equipamentos leves e fáceis de manusear alguns antropólogos começaram a utilizar câmeras de vídeo e/ou gravadores portáteis de áudio em suas pesquisas etnográficas. Do mesmo modo, documentaristas e cineastas empregaram técnicas etnográficas no processo de realização de seus filmes, notadamente os que se davam em comunidades indígenas ou populações isoladas. Na presente dissertação analisamos dois vídeos sob o ponto de vista da utilização do suporte videográfico como instrumento de afirmação étnica e produção de uma identidade indígena Tapeba, verificadas nas ações construtivas de memória identitária que se desenvolvem dentro e a partir dessas narrativas audiovisuais, bem como através da forte presença da oralidade. Desde o início da década de 80, período que em intensificaram-se as manifestações indígenas no Ceará e em outros estados do Nordeste, várias produções audiovisuais (fotografias e documentários) fizeram parte de uma espécie de estratégia para valorização e difusão dos interesses indígenas. / With the advent of video cameras in the mid-70s, the fields of communication and social sciences witnessed the birth of a technological tool that changed a number of theoretical and methodological procedures within the academy. In possession of equipment lighter and easier to handle some anthropologists began to use video cameras and / or portable audio recorders in his ethnographic research. Similarly, documentary filmmakers and ethnographic techniques employed in the process of making their films, especially those that occurred in indigenous communities or isolated populations. In this dissertation we analyze two videos from the point of view the use of videographic support as an instrument of ethnic affirmation and production of an indigenous identity Tapeba, constructive actions observed in memory of identity that develop in and from those audiovisual narratives, and through strong presence of orality. Since the beginning of the 80s, a period of intensified manifestations in Ceará indigenous and other Northeastern states, several audiovisual (photographs and documentaries) took part in a kind of strategy use and dissemination of indigenous interests.