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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

論阿拉伯之春期間內戰是否發生:以阿爾及利亞和利比亞為例 / Whether Civil War Happened During the Arab Spring: Exemplified by Algeria and Libya

楊邵帆, Yang, Shao Fan Unknown Date (has links)
本文主要關注:何種原因造成2011年阿拉伯之春期間的內戰發生與否。在評估由Boix、Collier和Hoeffler,以及Fearon和Laitin所提出的內戰理論後,我發現單獨適用Collier和Hoeffler即可有效又簡約地解釋阿拉伯之春期間的情況。此外,我認為「和平持續期」(peace duration)和「半民主」(anocracy)可能是內戰的必要條件。為了進一步確認理論的解釋力,我將焦點轉移至探索造成理論預測例外(如阿爾及利亞和利比亞)的原因。最後,我提出對理論發展和政策的一些建議。 / The main concern of this study lies in what is the cause behind whether civil war broke out during the Arab Spring (2011). By evaluating civil war theories by Boix, Collier and Hoeffler, and Fearon and Laitin, I find that applying the theory by Collier and Hoeffler alone can effectively and parsimoniously explains the situation during the Arab Spring. In addition, I identify two variables: “peace duration” and “anocracy”, which might be the necessary conditions behind the civil wars during the Arab Spring. To further assure the explanatory power of theories, I switch the focus to explore the reasons why there are exceptions, such as Algeria and Libya, out of the theoretical prediction. Finally, I present some recommendations for theoretical development and policy.
12

政治制度與內戰持續性的分析- 以哥倫比亞「哥倫比亞革命軍」以及 秘魯「光明之路」為例 / The analysis of political institutions and civil war duration: cases of Colombia’s FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia) and Peru’s Sendero Luminoso

林庭瑋, Lin,Ting Wei Unknown Date (has links)
本論文旨在討論內戰持續性的差異是否可以以其政治轉型解釋?也就是說,作者欲探討為何有些內戰較短、有些內戰較長?是否有關鍵因素導致內戰持續性之差別。目前學術研究多著重於以非政治因素(經濟因素)解釋內戰延續性問題,但筆者認為政治制度相對於其他因素(經濟、社會制度)是最能解釋內戰持續性差異之自變數,並提出本文核心假設-「內戰隨著政體的民主深化而縮短。」,其主因有三:(一)生活於民主政權下的人民,政治壓迫感較小(二)民主促進社會的重新分配(Redistributive)消弭國內之不平等狀況;(三)民主政府能透過稅收進行公共財的施放或公共服務滿足人民。 本文之研究方法以質性分析法的個案研究法為主,以南美洲作為研究對象而不以內戰發生最頻繁的非洲為研究對象,乃因2016年11月13日哥倫比亞政府正式與左翼武裝「哥倫比亞革命軍」(FARC)簽署修正版和平協議,結束長達半世紀的敵對狀態,引發作者對南美洲內戰延續性之研究興趣。經過最大相似法篩選後,作者以哥倫比亞與哥倫比亞革命軍和秘魯與光明之路的內戰作為個案案例,透過個案研究法,本文研究發現符合筆者之核心假設。筆者認為本文之內戰研究發現提供受內戰影響之國際社會、國家有關政治制度面之政策方向-即民主深化對於一國內戰延續性之影響力。
13

俄國內戰(1918-1921)與蘇維埃政權之鞏固

田文豪 Unknown Date (has links)
俄國內戰包含了許多面向,其過程不是官方紀錄所登載的表象,蘇維埃政權的因應之道是依循既定步驟計畫,抑或是只是蘇維埃政權順應時勢且戰且走的結果,對日後蘇維埃國家的產生有何種催化作用是本文的研究動機。本文的中心旨在探究俄國革命初成在奪權成功後,內戰對蘇維埃政權鞏固的挑戰,戰爭期間俄國社會經歷的變遷,以及因應戰爭的進行蘇維埃政權的回應之道。 / Unlike the single-dimensioned description by the Soviet government, the Russian civil war includes many dimensions.What is the response of the Soviet government to the civil war and how it enables the creation of the Soviet Union is the motive of the dissertation.The main purpose of the dissertation focuses on how the soviet regime faces the challenges of power consolidation, the social changes during the war and the response of the soviet government after the Bolshevik party seizes the power.
14

觀看戰爭:敘利亞內戰的難民影像分析 / Seeing war : An analysis on the Images of Syrian refugees

莊崇暉, Chuang, Chung Hui Unknown Date (has links)
敘利亞內戰的難民攝影直指當代戰爭的關鍵問題,也凸顯社群媒體使用者如何直面這些影像及採取後續行動。因此,本研究聚焦難民影像中的人道關懷有何轉變,以及社群使用者觀看戰爭影像時,如何理解戰爭影像中的人道意義,以及與社群他人共同觀看時有何倫理問題。   以庫爾迪影像為分析始點,指出庫爾迪影像及後文本展現社群人道主義,也隱含不同漠視庫爾迪的視線,包括國際政治的角力、宗教信仰的根本問題,更重要的是主流媒體與社群媒體觀者的旁觀問題。   再者,從《聖殤》的構圖傳統到現代戰爭影像,人道主義並非持守一套不變的道德倫理。儘管西方人道主義已深植於紀實戰爭影像的視覺論述,但是因指涉對象不同,人道主義的意義也隨之變動。難民影像除了悲憫與哀悼的人道傳統外,還展現出掙扎、焦慮、變動不安等意義,更隨著不同觀者而有所差異。   本文也藉由分析戰爭中的自拍以討論在社群媒體觀看的倫理問題。難民自拍連結社群他人,也跳脫主流新聞媒體的再現,展現難民的非戲劇性日常。而社群觀者便於使用社群媒體的視覺行動機制,實踐線上人道主義。然而,線上視覺人道行動也可能再次消費戰爭悲劇,與實際人道行動的意義相異。最後,觀者不僅漫遊於社群世界,尋找自我觀看的視角,更在與社群他人的互動中反覆確認、變換觀看的位置,以此理解戰爭事件與自身的關係,再採取線上視覺行動。 / The images of Syrian refugees point out key questions about modern war, also high-light how users on social media see the images and practice visual activism. Therefore, this article aims to analyze what the transformation of humanitarian images is, how to understand the humanitarian meaning when users see the images, and what the ethics of seeing is. First of all, the image of Alan Kurdi and post-text show the social humanitarianism and connote lines of vision of ignorance and, including the struggle of international political, religion conflict, and the indifferent of mainstream media and social media.   Second, from Pietas to images of modern war, the meaning of humanitarianism is not always the same. Despite the western humanitarianism being rooted in the visual discourse of documentary war images, the meaning of humanitarianism has also changed with different referents. Besides compassion and mourn, struggle, anxiety, variation and instability are included in the images of refugees.   Third, this study discusses the ethics of seeing via analyzing selfies in war. Refugees take advantage of selfies to link others on social media and get rid of representation of mainstream media to present the nondramatic everyday life of fleeing. Furthermore, spectators on social media take the visual action to practice online humanitarianism, although it may consume the tragedy again.   Conclusively, seeing is not only wandering in social media world and seeking the angles of self-seeing but confirming and changing the position of seeing among the interaction with others time and again. By seeing, people can understand the relationship between war and self, and then take visual action.

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