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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

「中美洲—台灣自由貿易協定」經濟影響評估 / FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CENTRAL AMERICA AND TAIWAN ECONOMIC IMPACT AND ITS IMPLICATION

諾薇雅 Unknown Date (has links)
「中美洲—台灣自由貿易協定」經濟影響評估
32

移動式點對點串流協定的設計與實作 / Mobile Peer-to-Peer Streaming Protocol Design and Implementation

呂哲康, Lu, Che Kang Unknown Date (has links)
近年來網路多媒體應用日漸盛行,從聲音、影像到網路電視的應用,皆流行於人們的生活之中。我們可以使用Skype 軟體撥打免費的網路電話或是節費電話,我們也可以使用軟體透過網路來觀賞電視節目,而大部分這類型的應用軟體皆使用點對點的技術來獲取更好的傳輸效率。點對點技術同樣是一項新的、受歡迎的應用。從一開始使用者使用點對點傳輸軟體來下載檔案、分享資料,到現在使用點對點傳輸軟體來收聽音樂、觀賞電視節目。無線網路,特別是IEEE 802.11 無線網路,近年來同樣地受到使用者的廣泛使用。使用者可以在任何一處使用網路,即使是在行走之中使用。多媒體結合無線網路是一項非常好的應用,然而,無線網路的一些基本問題,例如移動、傳輸不穩定,常常會降低網路的傳輸效率。因此,我們提出一個新的移動式點對點串流協定,來解決無線網路上多媒體應用的傳輸問題,讓影音的撥放可以更順暢。 / Network multimedia applications are popular in recent years. From voice over IP, video over IP, to IPTV, they are in people’s life now. We can use Skype to dial a free network call or a cheap PSTN call, and we can use some applications to watch TV programs from Internet. Most of them use peer-to-peer technology to get better performance. Peer-to-peer technology is also a new and popular technique in recent years. People use peer-to-peer software to download files and share data in the beginning, and now they use peer-to-peer software to listen to music, and to watch TV programs. Wireless networks, especially the IEEE 802.11 network, is also popular now. People can access Internet anywhere even they are walking. It's a good idea to use multimedia streaming applications in wireless networks, but however, the essential problems of wireless networks will reduce the performance of these applications, such as mobility, and channel instability. We propose a new mobile peer-to-peer streaming protocol to solve the performance problems caused by wireless networks and let the media be played more continuously and smoothly.
33

巴塞爾Ⅱ內部評等法對放款定價影響之研究—以個案銀行為例

蘇新幼 Unknown Date (has links)
囿於台灣金融市場的過度競爭,銀行在授信時多以削價競爭,以圖擴大市佔率,以致平均放款利差持續縮減。金管會乃於2006年要求銀行訂定放款定價政策,以反應實際承擔之風險。因此,如何發展及善用適合我國市場的評估模型,以精準地從事風險基礎定價,應是金融機構的重要課題之一。我國行政院金融監督管理委員會為讓台灣與國際接軌,於2007年正式實施新巴賽爾資本協定,其中之內部評等法即提供銀行實施風險定價一個很好的基礎。本研究目的即在於探討個案銀行在內部信用評等制度下,企業授信之定價能否充分反映風險成本。透過資料的分析,我們發現實際的企業授信定價仍是深受市場利率水準與決策模式的影響,無法充分反映風險成本。換言之,信用評等所反應的風險高低,對業者而言只是定價的一種參考。 / Taiwan’s financial market is known to be over-banking, most banks can do nothing but to lower price to raise market share. At the same time, credit spreads are decreasing for the recent years. For this reason, Taiwan’s financial regulator asks banks to establish loan pricing polices to make sure they take into account the credit risk of their customers carefully in 2006. Also, it becomes an important topic for Taiwan banks to develop suitable models for risk pricing. Basel II has been implemented in Taiwan in 2007, and the IRB of Basel II has provided solid foundations for risk pricing. Under the internal rating system, we want to know if loan pricing could cover risk cost. After studing one of sample bank in Taiwan, we find loan pricing is mostly affected by market competition and then could not cover risk cost. In other words, the risk scale implied by credit rating is just for reference.
34

銀行信用風險管理分析-運用內部評等模型 / Bank credit risk management analysis- The use test of internal rating model

許媛媛, Hsu, Irene Unknown Date (has links)
巴塞爾銀行監理委員會於2004年6月底公佈新巴塞爾資本協定,協定除規定銀行所面臨的信用風險、市場風險與作業風險需全部納入資本計提考量範圍外,在信用風險範疇中,更提出較舊協定更具風險敏感性方法,允許銀行使用內部評等模型評估信用風險。信用風險內部評等法之主要精神,是鼓勵銀行以更精確的風險管理技術,經由健全的信用風險評估系統,量化風險,並將量化的結果運用在日常之風險管理中,如授信業務之准駁、額度管理、授信訂價之機制、風險與報酬績效評估、損失準備之提存、法定資本計提等管理工作上。銀行經由內部評等更精確之風險區隔,可以進一步連結利潤模型,進行風險與報酬分析,將資源有效運用於高報酬之客戶,評估高風險或低報酬之客戶,改善資產品質與報酬,利用利潤模型分析找到目標客群,進而建構一套強健的授信風險文化。 新巴塞爾資本協定公佈後,相關研究報告集中於風險資料蒐集、違約模型建置、模型驗證等範圍,而主管機關於2006年4月發布銀行業申請採用「信用風險內部評等法」計算資本適足率之相關申請書文件及自評檢查表暫行版本作為本國銀行申請之依據,銀行業除應符合內部評等法規範外,首要將風險量化之結果應用於風險管理,如何符合內部評等法最低作業要求之『使用測試』值得深入探討,本研究歸納相關文獻並進行銀行內部模型建構之個案研究,結論摘要如下: (1) 銀行應加強信用風險衡量能力,落實全面風險管理文化; (2) 銀行應建立內部信用評等系統定期、持續、獨立驗證機制; (3) 銀行應強化與業務連結之風險管理機制以及授信組合風險管理; 於監理執行面,建議主管機關應組成專業團隊及分工審核程序,並建立符合國際實務審查模式與遵循跨國監理合作原則。
35

耐延遲車載網路上利用網路編碼之位置輔助路由 / Location assisted routing with network coding in vehicular delay tolerant networks

陳界誠, Chen, Chieh Cheng Unknown Date (has links)
耐延遲網路(Delay Tolerant Networks)上的路由協定可以區分為兩大類:flooding-based protocols 跟forwarding-based protocols。網路編碼(Network Coding)是一種編碼技術可以提高訊息傳輸的可靠度;並且運作時不需要知道整體網路的拓樸資訊。 我們提出的演算法結合了flooding-based protocols 跟forwarding-based protocol特性,最主要的概念是讓訊息不是被傳送給每一個節點,而是傳送給朝向目的地或是接近目的地的節點。當節點相遇時,我們的方法會利用節點的路徑、移動方向與速度去預測到達目的地的機率。同時我們利用網路編碼的技巧傳送編碼後的資料來代替訊息的片段,來避免重複傳送多餘的訊息;並讓通訊更加可靠。根據實驗模擬的結果,我們的機制有較好的效能,特別是在頻寬的使用上。 / The routing protocols of delay tolerant networks could be divided in two categories: flooding-based protocols and forwarding-based protocols. Network coding is an encoding technique that could make data transmission more reliable. It operates without the needed of information about the network topology. We proposed a routing protocol integrating the characteristic of flooding-based protocol and forwarding-based protocol. The main idea of our protocol is to let message would not be flooded to every node but to the nodes moving toward or moving closer to destination. When nodes contact with each other, our approach will use the path of node, node’s moving direction and its velocity to estimate the probability to reach the destination of message. At the same time, we exploit network coding to transmit coded block instead of message fragment in order to avoid sending redundant replication, make data transmit more reliable and more robust to packet losses or delays. From the result of simulation, we could see that our protocol have a higher performance especially in the bandwidth consumption compared to other protocols.
36

1973-1975美國對越南外交政策 / U.S. foreign policy toward vietnam from 1973 to 1975

陳秋雅 Unknown Date (has links)
越南戰爭是美國對外關係史上不可抹滅的一頁。本論文探討由自1973年一月「巴黎和平協定」簽署,美軍撤出越南,到1975年4月南越覆亡這段時間的美越關係。 本文試圖透過近年來美國官方所公佈之解密檔案文獻,國會記錄,越戰相關重要人物之回憶錄,以及相關著作等,重現1973-1975年間美越關係之重要事件,再以此為基礎加以分析。主要分三個面向著手:首先討論美國政策改變,簽署「巴黎和平協定」的考量;接著是在「巴黎和平協定」之下,美國對其盟邦南越的安排與承諾;最後探討北越違反「巴黎和平協定」,派軍隊入侵南越的同時,美國的態度以及立場。
37

兩岸租稅協議之研究:跨國比較觀點 / A comparative study on cross-strait taxation agreement:a multinational perspective

陳淑華 Unknown Date (has links)
兩岸交流開放20多年以來,經貿交流的進展最快速且最為明顯,台商赴大陸投資,不僅帶動大陸的經濟現代化發展,也拓展了台灣產業的全球化佈局。雖兩岸經貿交流頻繁,但因兩岸關係特殊且分屬不同的政治實體,雙方為避免重複課稅,各自單邊採用「抵免法」,但實務上因無稅務合作與交流,仍無法有效解決重複課稅問題。根據陸委會估計,大陸台商目前約有80萬到100萬人,由於兩岸稅收訊息無法有效交流,我國政府無法確實掌握台商在大陸實際所得及納稅情形,致無法給予稅收抵免優惠,亦無法有效防止不肖廠商逃漏稅;同理,大陸方面亦然。兩岸專家學者及大陸台商認為要解決逃漏稅及雙重課稅的問題,應在彼此承認的情況下簽訂兩岸租稅協議。 早在1990年代開始,兩岸就有稅收合作的理論探討,但由於兩岸稅制的差異和政治因素影響,一直沒有形成具體措施。自2008年政黨輪替後,兩岸關係出現歷史新契機,雙方恢復了制度化協商管道,兩岸已歷經六次會談,共計簽署十五項協議及一個共識,為兩岸關係進一步發展奠定重要基礎,也創造互惠雙贏的成果。整體而言,這些協議執行成果已逐漸顯現,兩岸民眾也享受到兩岸交流所帶來的便利與福祉。有鑑於現今經濟全球化及區域一體化的趨勢下,兩岸立足當前,著眼未來,在推展經貿關係正常化的同時,努力建構兩岸稅收合作的制度性安排將有利於兩岸經濟持續正常發展。原本預期在2009年第四次「江陳會」簽署的兩岸租稅協議,由於雙方在課稅權的認定等觀點不同,加上台商反彈聲浪變大,雙方在最後一刻決定暫不簽署。 本文嘗試從租稅理論及相關文獻探討,評估兩岸租稅協議簽署之必要性。再透過檢視國際通用之租稅協定範本,比較各個租稅協定範本的優缺點,以作為簽署時之參考依據。藉由深度訪談法,蒐集台商等訪談者對該議題之觀察評析,藉以釐清兩岸簽署租稅協議之利弊得失,並透過跨國比較觀點,找出可供政府簽署兩岸租稅協議時之參考。
38

俄羅斯銀行監管制度之研究 / The study of Financial Supervision in Russia

陳彥霖 Unknown Date (has links)
本文旨在研究俄羅斯銀行監管體系的建構與發展,並藉由巴塞爾銀行監管的框架概念,檢視俄羅斯自轉型以來的銀行監管政策的形成與演進,主要研究目的有三。首先,研究俄羅斯經歷過經濟轉型後,銀行監管體系的發展與建構情形;其二,透過巴塞爾銀行監管協議的核心原則,檢視俄國銀行監管的發展現況;最後,進一步探討俄國與國際上的銀行監管通則-巴塞爾銀行監管協議,兩者之間的差距。研究發現,隨著俄羅斯的經濟持續成長,與銀行監管的發展,俄羅斯的金融市場與銀行監管政策已經建立一套制度,有了大幅進步,然而仍然與國際標準有所差距,原因主要出在,俄羅斯政府法規給予該國央行,實質上的監管權限不夠,無法對國家銀行業的各種問題進行有效的整頓。
39

美韓自由貿易協定與美國東北亞霸權之維繫

黃文瑾 Unknown Date (has links)
一國的貿易政策與國際政治息息相關,貿易政策不只是國家獲取經濟利益的手段,必要的時候對外貿易也可以作為國家的外交工具,國家可以利用貿易獎勵友好國家或是懲罰敵對國家。 本論文擬以美韓自由貿易協定(U.S.-South Korea Free Trade Agreement,簡稱美韓FTA或KORUS FTA)作為研究對象,結合霸權理論深入探討美國與南韓簽訂自由貿易協定背後的經濟以及政治目的,以了解美國希望如何透過美韓自由貿易協定鞏固加強自身的剛性以及柔性權力,鞏固在東北亞的霸權地位。
40

克服貿易障礙之非官方策略:增加中美洲與台灣之貿易 / Strategies for overcoming trade barriers:Increasing trade between Central America and Taiwan

杜達仕, Sanchez , Tomas Unknown Date (has links)
突破貿易障礙,增進中美與台灣之間的貿易 / On the end of August 2003, Taiwan signed its historic first free trade agreement, and it made so with the Central American Republic of Panama, at the same time, the rest of Central American countries pledge to increase the commercial relations with Taiwan. Since then, governments on both regions have been promoting Central America as Taiwan’s gateway to the Americas and Taiwan as Central America’s gateway to Asia, in terms of international commerce. Through this research we question whether these statements are accurate and if in fact, Central American companies can increase their presence in the Taiwanese or other Asian markets, with the optimum goal of generating at least some wealth for their own nations through private initiatives. The arguments have been made after the analysis of primary and secondary data for the sake of objectiveness. Results show that the almost non-existent presence of Central American companies or their products in the Taiwanese market is not only due to the many barriers inherent of the economy and the market (such as distance, low competitiveness in Central America compared with high competitiveness in Taiwan, or lack of knowledge of the local market and culture) but also due to a lack of interest of vision from business people, especially those in Central America. However, in the market exist enough conditions to make feasible a positive increase in the trade balance between Central America and Taiwan at the moment when new entrepreneurs dare to venture to capture a piece of the Taiwanese and other Asian markets. Moreover, the appearance in the market of some mechanisms such as electronic exchanges or other types of e-commerce applications, as well as the proliferation of trading companies might also have a significant positive impact on the trade of goods and services between the two studied regions.

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