京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第22963号 / 経博第638号 / 新制||経||296(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 椙山 泰生, 准教授 菊谷 達弥, 教授 若林 直樹 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM

本論は、デューイの教育理論における成長の民主主義的基底を明かにする。このねらいは、デューイの道具主義の限界性を強調する今日の教育論者に応答し、現代の脈絡でデューイを再評価するところにある。かれらによれば、デューイの道具主義は民主主義的社会の多元性を保証できない。これにたいして、本論では、デューイの哲学の基底にある概念を考究し、かれの立論を再構成する。このようにして、経験の共有と成長の多元性という教育の根本的な課題を克服する理路を示す。 / This dissertation clarifies the democratic basis of growth in Dewey's theory of education. It aims to respond to today's theorists of education who emphasize the limitation of Dewey's instrumentalism and to re-evaluate it in the contemporary context of education. They advocate that Dewey's instrumentalism cannot insure the plurality of democratic society. On the other hand, we examine the basic concepts of Dewey's philosophy and reconstruct his argument. By doing so, we show how to resolve the dilemma between sharing experiences among people and warranting the plurality of learner's growth, which has been the fundamental problem of education. / 博士(哲学) / Doctor of Philosophy / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

隨著網路資訊技術的進步，同時也建構了人與人之間知識傳遞與情感維繫的各種不同社會網路形式與空間，透過瞭解人際之間的社會網路運作，不僅關係個人是否能成功實現目標，亦可協助組織解決問題與意識傳遞及運行。加上近年來「性別主流化」(Gender mainstreaming)政策影響，從過往兩性到現今多元性別的轉變，希望建立尊重多元性別的態度及平等相處的互動。本研究試圖將多元性別族群意識傳遞與社會網路分析技術做結合，以社會網路分析方法，來描述網路上多元性別族群意識傳遞之社會活動的特徵與其意義，對多元性別族群網路使用者的網上集體行為進行剖析，以社會網路分析方法呈現，從人與人的互動分析中，探討多元性別族群意識如何傳遞。並延續看見尊重多元性別做努力，不僅瞭解性別的多樣差異，更重要的是結合資訊管理方式，營造一個資訊管理融合社會多元性別族群友善的環境與資源連結。 / With the advancement of Internet and information technology, various online social platforms have been constructed for interpersonal affiliation and knowledge dissemination. Understanding how the interpersonal social network works helps not only a person fulfill goals but an organization resolve problems and spread its ideas. In recent years, under the influences of the gender mainstreaming policy, the idea of two genders has shifted to the idea of various genders with the hope to encourage a tolerant attitude toward LGBTIQ community and promote equal interaction among all people. The study intends to combine the dissemination of LGBTIQ community awareness and social network analysis. The intention is to depict online dissemination of LBGT community awareness and to dissect the collective behaviors of LGBTIQ community with social network analysis. The analysis of interpersonal interaction is employed to see how the LGBTIQ community awareness has been disseminated. The result not only helps understand differences among genders but also gives insights to know that the most important is to combine LGBTIQ community awareness with information management with the purpose to create a friendlier environment for LBGTIQ community combined with information management.

在瞬息萬變的工作環境中，資訊量龐大而繁雜，工作團體成員自身的時間分配，影響著任務執行期間的團體運作。現代快速而多工的工作要求，團體成員的多工作業特徵顯得更為重要。有鑑於此，本研究以此為主題，同時探究多工作業多元性對團體表現與團體成員壓力之影響。而過去團體多元性研究即指出，多元性可能會同時具有正、反面影響，本研究嘗試探討多工作業多元性所形成之優劣，並進一步檢驗團體的時間規劃所可能扮演的跨層次調節角色，以知在甚麼情況下多工作業多元性能具有最大的效益。採用問卷法施測，蒐集了50份有效之團體成套問卷，包含192名全職工作者。結果發現，多工作業多元性有助於團體任務績效之表現，並在額外分析中發現了任務相依性的三階調節效果。在個體層次中，個體與團體之時間特徵差異會直接導致個體壓力與退縮反應，其中在高時間規劃情況下，此差異與個體壓力之關係會削弱。最後依據研究結果進行討論，並說明理論貢獻、實務意涵以及未來研究方向。 / Temporal individual differences are an under-explored, but research-worthy form of diversity in groups. This study examines how group temporal diversity–variation in members' polychronicity—can be effectively managed to maximize group performance. Besides, how this difference effect individual stress is also examined. Results from 50 work groups reveal that polychronicity diversity had a positive influence on task-oriented group performance. Additional analysis found that task interdependence moderated the interaction effect of temporal planning and polychronicity diversity on task-oriented group performance. In other hand, when individual and work group polychronicity were more incongruent, individual stress and withdrawal behavior increased. And the influence of the incongrunce on individual stress was less positive under conditions of stronger group temporal planning than under weaker group temporal planning. Results can be used to effectively compose groups in organizations and guide future group composition research.

付記する学位プログラム名: グローバル生存学大学院連携プログラム / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地域研究) / 甲第20495号 / 地博第214号 / 新制||地||77(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科東南アジア地域研究専攻 / (主査)准教授 古澤 拓郎, 教授 竹田 晋也, 准教授 小坂 康之, 准教授 中村 沙絵 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Area Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

目前學界對於西塞羅與馬基維利兩者關係的看法有所不一，所爭論的是馬基維利是衝突或是延續著共和主義人文傳統，本文則嘗試論證西塞羅和馬基維利之間並非僅是傳統上的大相逕庭，而是兩者分別在當時所處環境中就各別看重的問題上，找到最好的解決辦法，在最終考量上皆以表現出國家利益為考量的傾向。西塞羅的關懷以高尚性意圖出發，藉由智慧明白事物真理，藉由正義保障人的生存，利用例外原則進而維持國家；馬基維利認為為了國家利益的目的，統治者應審慎明智的在必要時刻做出必要抉擇，利用具有美德樣貌的能力行事，那些能夠明白統治者難處的人，都能明白其目的的良善以寬宥其手段。然而，要注意到馬基維利的寬宥想法，有著看不到真正結果與國家利益是經常變動的兩個盲點。此外，即便兩者重視國家利益的態度可以如此相近，但西塞羅認為高尚性是國家利益的根本，而馬基維利並不如此。最後，本文整理出兩者可以從思想與時勢立場互相置換，進而指出：充分的理解尊重以達到對話的可能。進而不論是冀求理念融合或尊重其並立，行動與意圖都需要切中要義的把握合宜或時勢。或在規範之中尋找例外，或在極端之中遵循規範，權宜變通勢必成為不可忽略的方式之一。 / There are many arguments about the relation between Cicero and Machiavelli in academic circles. One of them argues that the thoughts of Machiavelli might conflict to republicanism and humanistic traditions. This article is trying to demonstrate another angle that Machiavelli is not merely different from Cicero and traditions, but similar to the purpose which is they are finding the seemliest way respectively at the specific circumstance in their time. Cicero is concerning the honourableness which is realizing the truth by wisdom, ensuring lives of men by justice, and using exceptions of principles in order to maintain the republic. Machiavelli thinks the ruler should make necessary decisions by prudence and use the abilities with virtue like at necessary time to maintain the existence of the state. And those people who know the dilemma of the ruler will know his great ends and excuse whatever means. However, the thought of excuse has two flaws. One is the real end cannot be seen, and another is the benefit of republic often changed. Yet, even though Cicero and Machiavelli are so close to each other because they are placing a high value on the benefit of republic, the former who argue the base of republican benefit is honourableness, not for the later. In the end, this article is trying to put each of them under the opposite thought and circumstances for making a conversation with sufficient respect and realization possible. No matter it is intermingling or separating both ideas, the actions and intentions must be appropriate to seemliness and circumstances. And no matter it is searching exceptions in norms or norms in extremes, the seemly ways for specific circumstances is absolutely necessary.

管理會計資訊系統的目的在協助經理人員作縝密審慎的決策，故其最重要部分應是系 統與經理人之間的介面。對經理人而言，只有系統一使用者介面是系統中有意義的部 分。本論文研究之目的即在探討結構性決策中，管理會計資訊與使用者之關系，肪增 進對於人類做為資訊處理者的了解，提供介面設計之指引。 本論文研究之自變數為：資訊量（無向度的純量）、資訊多元性（複雜、簡單）及學 習三者。應變數為決策品質（決策正確率、決策時間）。 受試者１２７位，可供分析問卷１８０份，由政治大學企業管理研究所、大同工學院 事業經營研究所、淡江大學金融究究所、工業技術學院工業管理研究所等四所研究生 協助完成。 分析結果顯示：資訊多元性對決策品質均有顯著影響，但由於學習效果使差異愈來愈 小。

李仁芳(2000) 對創新組織提到以下看法，創新需要動員內心深處最深刻的理智與情感資源。如果企業文化氛圍只鼓勵組織成員追索Know What、Know How，以致於Know Why的知識上的好奇心，但文化氛圍中卻缺少對同仁Care Why的支持與對同仁本人Care的溫暖與慈心，這樣的智價創新企業競爭力是不能持久的。最具創新震憾力的靈感（inspiration）孕育自最溫柔的胎床。新的聲音與新的視野的孕育，需要溫暖與紀律、歡愉與智慧間適當的拿捏與平衡。可見創新環境是多麼的重要。 本研究之目的，主要欲探討台灣新創網路公司對於創新環境的設計研究，以多元成員造成的差異性帶來的創新衝擊，配合組織平台的設計及管理技巧來探討，成員差異性則採認知心理學的角度，探討認知差異對組織衝突的意義，如何建立創造性的組織衝突，帶給組織創新的原動力。本研究期望透過個案問卷及開放式訪談的方式，進一步瞭解、並歸納出網路產業中核心團隊互動的模式及成功經驗累積的方法，以期找出網路產業中較適合的創新環境設計。 本研究主要採取個案訪談及思考風格問卷施測，並透過初級訪談資料加上次級資料作個案分析，思考風格問卷分析時，將十三類的思考風格分成三大類分析，第一大類主要為思考風格的行事作風；第二大類主要為思考風格的心理自治型態；第三大類為幅度、範圍、傾向。 本研究主要的研究發現如下： 壹、 網路公司團隊成員多元性與創新表現 一、 網路公司多元性越高，創新表現越佳 二、 網路公司多元團隊角色扮演越完整，創新表現越佳 ；反之，多元團隊角色扮演越不全，創新表現越差 貳、 網路公司組織平台設計與創意表現關係 一、 網路公司中溝通形式設計多元管道之email及intranet，扮演創新表現中的知識累積及點子擷取的平台。 二、 網路公司中，實體物理環境對知識累積的重要性被IT科技取代。 三、 網路公司最常用啟發技巧運用中的腦力激盪作為主要點子擷取的方式。 參、 網路公司中專案領導人在創新表現上扮演的角色 一、 不同類型網路公司領導人對於智慧財產權看法影響智慧財產權的擁有數目。 二、 網路公司的CEO透過容忍智慧型失敗、塑造關懷（Care）與學習的組織環境。 肆、 網路公司創新表現之觀察 一、 網路公司中相當重視經驗傳承，有助於日後的創新表現。 二、 網路公司中有失敗經驗，有助於創新績效。 伍、 綜合發現 一、 網路公司團隊成員的思考風格在三大類分析中各有不同的偏向，思考風格可與創新環境相配合。 二、 網路公司組織文化配合團隊成員的思考風格適合創新表現 第一類思考風格，網路公司團隊成員多屬於立法型與第三類中的自由型有相關，皆為有助於創新表現的思考風格。 第二類思考風格中，網路團隊成員皆屬於階級分明型，而網路公司組織文化對於團隊運作皆採責任制且授權程度高，這對於自主性需求較高的階級分明型成員有助於創新表現。 第三類思考風格中，網路團隊成員多屬於外在型及自由型，只要組織環境與思考風格相符，則團隊成員的創新表現較佳。 / Under the rapid-changing environment, it is not possible that a firm's capabilities can hold sustainable competitive strength forever, as the master told “innovation or die”. A good organization platform can incubate the capacity for high creativity. Now the internet fever spreads to the whole world. Taiwan companies have the opportunity to catch up. Thesis help can analysis the key components that influences the innovation process in the internet companies. Therefore we can find a better organization form to provoke more innovation performances. Objectives From the viewpoint of innovation process and members interaction process, this research is intended to study the internet service provider in order to focus on the platform of the organizational knowledge creation in Taiwan internet companies. Research Structure According to literature survey, we can find that the heterogeneous teams have more innovation behaviors. A well-designed organization platform and a good project leader can help members emerge their potential in the creativity. The research structure is as follows: Case Choice Because many Internet companies have multi-business models, that we choose the 6 companies can group the case companies into ASP, ICP and portal. Case A, B and C are ASP companies. Case E and case F are ICP companies. Case C and D are portal companies. Research Methodology This thesis adopts the case study and the authors interviews some project leader or members who are responsible for top management team or the project team in the companies. And analysis the data of the questionnaire that every team members filled in. Then to complement the case study form the secondary data and information form the internet, as products and services. Case Analysis and Conclusions According to the analyses of the six cases, the author has generated the following conclusions: 1. The diversity between team members affects innovative activities including: ● The more diversity between the team members, the more innovative activities happen. ● The Cultivate Distinct Roles are more complete then the more innovative activities happen. 2. the well-designed organizational platform affects innovative activities including: ● In internet companies, they share knowledge and get new ideas via email and the intranet. ● In internet companies, the importance of physic environment is replaced by IT technology. ● In internet companies, the useful way to get lots of new ideas is brain-storming meeting. 3. the project manager leadership affects innovative activities including: ● The CEOs who in different internet companies such as ASP and ICP have different consideration influences the numbers of IPR. ● In internet companies, CEO builds a warm and learning organization by taking the failing forward and care employees. 4. the innovative activities in the internet companies including: ● The internet companies which do the knowledge management well have better innovation performance. ● The failing forward experiences help the management performance better now in the internet companies.

在多元性別文化以及女性意識抬頭的後現代中，世俗的愛情故事以及愛情觀，也開始有更多元的樣貌出現，本研究將透過語藝理論批評方法中的符號輻合理論及幻想主題方法分析台大PTT站中〈boy-girl〉、〈gay〉、〈lesbian〉板中討論情愛的文章，目的在了解數位時代下的社群分別凝聚出何種共享的愛情觀，形塑出何種的語藝視野。