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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

活在「幻想」的女性―樋口一葉後期文學中女性的反抗表現 / Women living in “fantasy” in the Meiji Era:The woman's resistance in the works of Higuchi Ichiyo’s later years

蕭毓親 Unknown Date (has links)
近代明治是國民國家形成的時期、文明開化的時期,但是,女性的生存方式依舊受到社會制度的束縛。樋口一葉小說從人道主義的精神出發,對社會性差規範和封建道德等制度規範開始產生懷疑,進而表現出反叛意識與反抗行為。作品以「女性的自覺和解放」此一女性表現的主題為主,追問女性的生存方式及主體性的問題。一葉後期作品與前期的作品相較之下明顯得可看出作品表現趨近成熟,對於「我是女人」的自我認識,從中感到身為女性的無價值性,在後期作品中很濃厚的表達出此種身為女性的悲哀。 本研究的目的是想要探討女性在被要求扮演家庭裡面賢妻良母的角色,選擇過其他生活方式的主權被剝奪的明治時代之下,樋口一葉後期作品中描繪的女性們,以何種的方式來反抗社會的家長制度與兩性差別文化?以及,如何表現女性的自我?並且,如何去尋找新的生存方式?如此的「女性的性」(女性的自我意識和身體)的表現,與主體性的問題。再者,想去探討同時代的女性作家如何去摸索近代女性的新的生活方式與如何去表現自我,進而去探求明治女流文學中樋口一葉文學的解放思想之位置。 關於研究方法,本研究以樋口一葉後期作品中生活在家庭空間內部的少女與人妻,以及生活在家庭空間外部的娼婦對象,以從家族關係成立的「家族幻想」(共同幻想),以及由戀愛的關係所成立的「戀愛幻想」(對幻想)的觀點來作思考,考察女性的自我意識與行為表現。此外,從作品論衍伸到作家論,藉由作者在日記中記述,或同時代的評論、作品,來論及作家的思想及作品表現之特性。 / Women were still confined to traditional social norms while the Meiji Era (1868-1912) started its modernization and industrialization, and rose to world power status. Higuchi Ichiyo, considered as the first major woman writer of Japan's Meiji period, examines and argues gender issue, social class and feudalism from the perspectives of humanism, especially women's roles. Her literary focuses on women’s self-awakening and liberation, exploring women’s autonomy and the way of how women live in the society. Compared with her own early works, her writing mechanism and thinking become more delicate and sophisticated with time passing by, and she, at the end, deeply realizes the ill-fated destiny of being a woman in the self-exploration process of I-am-a-woman. This research aims to examine how women oppose the paternalism and gender discrimination by looking at the novels of Higuchi Ichiyo’s later years in which women have no choice but to be housewives to meet social expectations. From the standpoint of female, this research also tends to review how women express and identify themselves, and how they find their own way to live physically and consciously at that time. At last, the study investigates other woman writers of the same period to re-define and re-position Higuchi Ichiyo in the Japan Meiji Era’s literature. The methodology employed in the study is to analyze women’s self-awareness and behaviors by using two types of “fantasy” concept: (1) family fantasy, also called co-fantasy, formed by family relationships and (2) romance fantasy created by love relationships. Two kinds of women are analyzed in this study. One is the ladies and housewives in the household, and the other is the prostitutes outside the socially-expected family life. In addition, contemporary criticism, literary theory, authorship theory, and author’s journals are reviewed to analyze Higuchi Ichiyo’s writing mechanism and thinking.
2

結構性宰制:反反色情到反分級 / Structural domination: from anti-antipornography to anti-censorship

黃頌竹 Unknown Date (has links)
言論分級的辦法,特別是與性有關的言論分級,往往持著「保護未成年人」的立場落實於政策中。將這種對未成年人的言論限制手段,透過個人道德的論述,建構成一個對於未成年人之人格及人身安全的保護措施。然而在這個巧妙的論述之下,卻掩蓋不住底下騷動不已的權力角逐。 回顧二十世紀八○年代的反色情女性主義論述,麥金儂直接指出「色情」的問題從來就不只是一個道德問題,而是關於政治、關於權力、關於社會結構的問題。事實是,種種對於未成年人可以接觸的資訊、言論施加之限制,也從來都不只是道德問題,而是(如女性主義者尖銳而正確的見解指出的)一個關於政治、權力、結構的問題。言論不只是意見,言論是具有能動性(agency)的。麥金儂表示言論對於社會現實的建構有著莫大的影響力,藍騰更使用奧斯汀的行動(performativity)理論來說明言論的能力。而巴特勒儘管在結論上反對反色情女性主義推動言論管制,卻也是基於肯定言論的行動力,對於言論管制往往剝奪傷害性言論的受害者在言說場域裡能夠自我賦權的機會,更透過公權力對此類言論與歧視結構的肯認,而有強化這個受害者結構的危機。 我將從巴特勒對言論管制手段的批判,以及對於如何透過言說關係的再利用,來試圖顛覆既有的權力關係。現有的所謂「保護」未成年人之言論限制政策,其實一方面是鞏固成年人對未成年人之權力關係,另一方面也是將未成年人的教育視為成年人彼此爭奪權力的場域。我將論證言論的管制策略不僅無法達到「保護」的效果,更是對未成年人之主體性建立的直接傷害:如果言論有建構社會結構,以及建構主體在社會結構中的位置之能力,剝奪這項能力,就是在剝奪未成年人透過性言論與現實世界進行交互辯證的能力,並剝奪其建立以及發展自我主體性之重要工具。

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