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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
281

科學知識與公共決策:解構中科三期環評爭議 / Scientific knowledge and public decision: deconstruct the controvercy in the EIA process of the third stage of the CTSP

張家維 Unknown Date (has links)
中科三期(后里基地-七星農場)自2006年的環評審查之始即爭議不斷,但最終仍在四個月內速審通過,6月30日於第142次環評大會以一階有條件通過作結,爾後地方民眾不服提尋求司法救濟;2008與2010年初台北高等行政法院與最高行政法院據認為中科三期的環評結論係「出於錯誤事實認定或不完全之資訊」,對地方環境有重大影響之虞,將2006年的環評結論撤銷。伴隨廠商的土建施工、營運量產,2010年展開的中科三期二次環評更引發社會各界關注,即便如此,2010年8月31日的第197次環評大會,仍然第一階段即有條件通過。中科三期這個似乎不可治理、也無法治理的環評爭議便一直縈繞在身為研究者、亦是倡議者的筆者心中。 筆者認為若沒有深刻討論環評決策的特殊脈絡,公民參與的強調雖然仍屬重要,但很可能會落入「加強溝通」之概念而模糊了對於環境爭議根本上的檢視,在現今面對諸多重大環境爭議的公民參與困境之下,要理解公民參與的不足,首先要先釐清專家、科學知識和公共決策間的關係。科學知識和專家角色在環境決策中的角色自1990年代以後的美國即被廣為討論(Jasanoff,1990; Douglas, 2009; Keller, 2009; Ascher, Steelman and Healy, 2010),本文即延續科學知識和公共決策的分析脈絡,欲解構中科三期的環評爭議。除把握環評會場等各種參與觀察機會的場域、中科三期后里基地的實地走訪,以及對相關專家、環評委員的深入訪談取得質性資料外,也藉由環評會議資料、影像記錄、環境影響說明書等二手資料進行資料蒐集和分析。 本文於第四章深描中科三期2010年二次環評時專案小組、專家會議的審查歷程,並進一步檢視環保署環境治理的認識論;第五章從制度層面檢視造成環評審查困境的結構因素,並於第五章第三節對現行環評制度提出建議。最後於第六章提出「中科三期環評過程中,環保署是在解決衝突、並非釐清爭議」、「環保署『政治與科學分離』的知識論限制環境治理的想像」和「目的事業主管機關應承擔開發許可之責任」等三項研究結果;並針對「經濟開發促進國家繁榮的舊思維,是牽連環評爭議的根源」、「專家角色與定義的扭轉」和「『民主』能讓『專業』更『專業』」三個層面進行延伸討論。
282

中國綠色媒體:反怒江大壩之媒體角色 / China's environmental journalism: media's role in the Anti-Nujiang campaign

盧郁涵, Lu, Yu Han Unknown Date (has links)
中國環境保護主義記者在近期的反怒江大壩運動中,整合水電移民的草根抗爭以及黨政媒體的力量,成功引發龐大輿論以影響中國中央決策,乃至展現中國社會與國家的關係逐漸轉變,尤其媒體在受到中央控管之下,還得以發揮民間社會的強大力量,證明中國綠色媒體在中國邁向民主化的過程中扮演不可或缺的角色。 / Media in China are generally categorized as the extensions of propaganda machine for the central government, because despite media commercialization, China maintains heavy-handed censorship at the whim of political will. However, there are still instances in which journalists are active participants of social movements in China. One recent case in particular is the “Battle to Protect the Nu River,” in which China’s environmental NGOs, scholars, and media formed joint coalition to fight off the Nu River Project, and stop efforts to build hydropower plants on Nujiang. This paper uses John Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model to map out the ways in which the Policy Entrepreneurs – environmental journalists – capitalized on tools of the press to influence public opinion and decision-makers in the government, systematically brought the anti-NRP campaign up to the policy agenda, and eventually swayed the outcome of the national policy. Since the beginning of the proposal to build a cascade of 13 dams on the World Heritage site of Nujiang in 2003, Chinese premier Wen Jiabao personally intervened, and twice ordered suspension of the project. Therefore, while the final outcome of the anti-NRP campaign is still pending, at least China’s environmental journalists have successfully prolonged the unusual nine-year hiatus on a project that was slated for three consecutive Five-Year Plans.
283

兒童音樂性向測量及其相關因素之探討 / The Study of Children Musical Aptitude and Related Factors

蘇郁惠, Su, Yu-Huei Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在了解我國兒童音樂性向的現況,同時探討兒童音樂性向與年級;性別;智力;音樂環境;音樂成就等因素之間的關係.本研究採叢集抽樣,以臺南縣市地區七所國民小學一至六年級兒童為樣本,總人數為1682人.本研究工具有三:高登的"音樂聽受力中級測驗";研究者自編的"兒童音樂環境調查問卷"與"兒童一般音樂能力成就測驗",以上三種工具分別以信度分析;t考驗;因素分析;積差相關分析 考驗其信度與效度.本研究所得資料以描述性統計分析;t考驗;單因子變異數分析;Scheffe'事後比較;積差相關分析;多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析.本研究有下列七項重要發現:(1)兒童音樂性向呈現高狹峰負偏態的分佈(2)不同年級兒童在音樂性向上有顯著差異.兒童音樂性向在國小一至三年級發展最快,尤其一至二年級最為明顯,三至四年級音樂性向發展漸趨平緩,至國小四年級,兒童音樂性向已達穩定狀態(3)不同性別兒童在音樂性向上有顯著差異.就全體而言,國小女生之音樂性向顯著高於男生,但就各年級而言,國小男女生音樂性向在一年級原本並無差異,但至六年級,男女生的音樂性向差異越趨明顯,本研究推論乃後天男女角色期望不同所致.(4)兒童音樂性向與智力有顯著相關.兒童音樂性向與智力的相關在低年級較明顯,但兒童音樂性向與音樂環境的相關反而是在高年級較明顯,這顯示兒童音樂性向在早期與先天能力較有關,但隨著年齡漸增,音樂環境的影響力越來越大.(5)兒童音樂性向與音樂環境有顯著相關.國小低年級兒童的音樂性向與兒童的音樂喜好及參與度較有關,而國小中高年級兒童的音樂性向與樂器學習經驗及家庭接觸音樂頻率較有關.(6)兒童音樂性向與音樂成就有顯著相關,兒童音樂性向可有效預測兒童音樂成就,而整體音樂性向對音樂成就的預測力,較單獨用音調性向或節奏性向來預測音樂成就的效果佳.(7)除了音樂性向之外,同時納入兒童的年齡;音樂環境;智力等因素,對兒童音樂成就的預測效果較佳.本論文並建立兒童音樂性向的區域性常模,而論文最後提出對音樂教育相關行政單位;國小校長;音樂教師及兒童父母的建議, 並建議日後建立全國性的兒童音樂性向常模,及探討兒童音樂性向與其他因素的關係. / This study is to survey the children musical aptitude in Taiwan and discuss therelationship among grade, sex, IQ, musical environmentand musical achievement.By cluster sampling, 1682 children frome grade one to six of seven primary schools in Tainan were chosen in this study. The instrument included Gordon's "Tntermediate Measures of Music Audiation", researcher-designed  "MusicalEnvironment Inventory"and "Musical Achievement Test",and all of them were pre-tested for validity and reliability using the method of reliability analysis,t-test, factor analysis and correlation analysis. Data were analyzed using the method of descriptive and inferential statistics, including  t-test,  ANOVA, correlation analysis,and multiple stepwise regerssion.The results of this study showed that children musical aptitude had negative skewness and leptokurtic distribution, signifiant difference among different grades and between sex. In general, girl or higher grade children had higher musical aptitude.It developedrapidly during first to third grade,then became slow and stabilized during thirdto fourth grade. For children of first grade, there was no sex difference, butthe girl gradually outgrew the boy and became significant higher musical apti-titude till the grade of six. The trend of sex difference could be attributedto the different role expectation.For the other related factors,musical aptitudehad significant correlation with IQ,musical environment and musical achievement.The trend of higher IQ correlation in children of lower  grades  and  higherenvironment correlation in children of high grades revealed early effects of instinct and gradually important environmental effect on musical aptitude. Among all the factors, musical achievement had the best correlation with musical aaptitude,and the total score of musical aptitude was found to be the best predictor of musical achievement in children especially combining with relatedfactors including age,sex,IQ and musical environment. A regional norm of child- ren musical aptitude was also set up in this study,and suggestions for educati-onal administration,teachers,parentsand future studies were proposed.
284

多頻道環境觀眾收視行為之研究:以有線電視新店經營區為例 / Viewer behavior research in multichannel environment

鍾起惠, Chung Chi Huey Unknown Date (has links)
站在這個被廣電傳播實務者界定為「有線電視元年」的一九九五年,它也是台灣地區正式向「第四台」道別,邁向「有線電視」的分水嶺。在這樣一個時間點上,台灣地區的有線電視出現數量龐大的系統與頻道經營者,在競逐市場大餅。 對這個被台灣資訊產業估計平均每年將有五百億的有線電視產業而言,政府管理部門、傳播學界、有線電視的系統經營者、頻道商、廣告主,乃至於電視從業員,當然更重要的是觀眾,都史無前例的,有意識地或無意識地形塑這張正在改變中的電視版圖。未來的電視地圖形貌如何?端賴研究者對過去與現在現象了解的廣度與深度。 本研究針對有線電視新店經營區的觀眾,進行收視前(before viewing)、收視中(during viewing)與收視後(after viewing)等行為層面的探討。研究資料採量化與質化兼具方式為之。在量化資料方面,以電話方式成功訪問十五歲及以上的672位受訪者;在質化資料方面,則進行二場焦點團體,包括中壯年組與青少年組的討論。 研究有六項特別具有意義的發現與結論,摘要如下: 1.提供多頻道環境中,觀眾個人與收視行為因素,都趨向分裂與兩極化的証據。(詳見第四章第四節╱三的分析,以及第五章第一節一╱一)的結論) 2.初步驗証周密型與自動型等二個頻道搜尋行為的類型,已經在新店區的觀眾中形成。(詳見第四章第二節╱二的量化分析、第五節╱一的質化分析、第六節╱三的討論,以及本章第一節╱二╱二的研究結論) 3.彰顯觀眾擁有「頻道數」(CR)的自主性選擇收視意義與頻道資源運用的問題。(詳見表5-1-1,第四章第四節╱四的分析,第六節╱五╱一的討論與本章第一節╱三╱二的研究結論) 4.形成多頻道環境中,觀眾收視行為之間的關係係數。(詳見圖5-1) 5.支持新媒體結構因素(特指有線電視)是因,觀眾個人因素與收視行為的改變是果的理論觀點。(詳見第四章第一節與第四節的分析,第六節╱一╱五的討論與本章第一節╱四的研究結論) 6.為未來預測觀眾收視行為,找到一個可以適用的預測模式。(詳見表4-6-2,第四章第六節╱六的討論與本章╱四的研究結論) 此外,研究也對學術與實務等二方面,提供具體建議。 包括,對觀眾擁有「頻道數」(CR)的研究、多頻道情境(multichannel situation)、「頻道忠誠度」與節目類型忠誠度的問題、質化收視率(quantitative ratings)的嘗試等後續研究上的建議;以及對有線電視系統經營者有關頻道管理的問題;協助頻道商掌握小眾的特質;及廣告主對區域性觀眾特質的掌握等實務上的建議,皆提出應用上的說明。
285

環境意識、消費態度與綠色消費關聯之研究─以新北市環保志工為例 / The relationship between environmental consciousness, consumer attitude and green consumption: a case study of environmental volunteers in New Taipei City

林宜香 Unknown Date (has links)
全球各地出現許多警訊,顯示我們已經進入氣候變遷的年代。台灣近五十年來經濟快速成長,國民所得大幅提高,但在追求經濟高速成長的過程中,卻忽略了環境的保護,使這美麗之島環境迭遭污染,自然生態也被嚴重破壞。1992年聯合國於巴西召開「聯合國環境及發展會議」,通過「21世紀議程(Agenda 21)」,並於第四章「改變消費形態」中提出「促進減少環境壓力和符合人類基本需要的消費和生產形態」,認為要達到環境素質和永續發展的目標,就需要提升生產效率和改變消費形態,以便最妥善地利用資源和盡量減少浪費。而綠色消費的觀念,正是改變消費模式,以降低天然資源、毒性物質之使用及污染物排放,其目的在追求更佳之生活品質並不影響後代子孫的權益。 本研究主要探討新北市環保志工環境意識、消費態度與綠色消費之關聯,根據研究目的,並經由文獻探討、問卷調查及深度訪談的綜合分析,來瞭解環保志工對於綠色消費之態度與環保標章產品購買意願。 本研究發現:環境意識與綠色消費具有顯著正相關,消費態度與綠色消費具有顯著正相關。環保志工的環境意識及對環境的敏感度都高於一般民眾,尤其女性志工因心思細膩,所以環境敏感度更優於男性。本研究最後在政策執行層面提出了短、中、長程的建議,提供政府機關參考。 關鍵字:環境意識、消費態度、綠色消費、環保志工 / A lot of alarm signals have shown globally that we are entering an age of climate changing. Taiwan has experienced a rapid economic growth and a significant increasing of average income in recent fifty years. But at the same time, the high speed development in economic growth was achieved at the expense of environmental damage. This beautiful island has been polluted and nature environment has been seriously destroyed. In 1992, the United Nations held UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During this conference, Agenda 21 has been passed with regards to sustainable development. In Chapter four, Changing Consumption Patterns, one of the objectives is “[t]o promote patterns of consumption and production that reduce environmental stress and will meet the basic needs of humanity.” Under such a guideline, it is stated that to achieve environmental protection and sustainable development, all nations should be devoted in increasing production efficiency and changing consumption patters, so that all resources can be used appropriately and decrease over-consumption. The notion of green consumption is to change consumption patterns to decrease the over-consumption of natural resource and toxic material, and the emission of polluted material. It aims to achieve a better life quality without damaging the rights of our off-springs. This research focused on the relationship between environmental consciousness, consumer attitude and green consumption of environmental volunteers in New Taipei City. Based on research objective, this research used literature review, questionnaire, and in-depth interview to understand consumer behavior of environmental volunteers in green consumption and green mark products. The findings of this research includes that environmental consciousness is positively related to green consumption. Comparing to common population, environmental volunteers have higher grades in environmental consciousness and sensitivity upon environments. Female volunteers were found to be more sensitive than male ones in such issues owning to their tenderness. The last chapter of this research provides short, medium, and long term operational suggestions for government administration. Keywords: Environmental consciousness, Consumer attitude, Green consumption, Environmental volunteers
286

深部花崗岩中の透水性割れ目と充填鉱物 : 産状と形成プロセス

Minami, Masayo, Ishibashi, Masayuki, Yoshida, Hidekazu, 南, 雅代, 石橋, 正祐紀, 吉田, 英一 03 1900 (has links)
名古屋大学年代測定総合研究センターシンポジウム報告
287

鋼材の腐食耐久性評価のための環境促進実験に関する基礎的研究

伊藤, 義人, ITOH, Yoshito, 金, 仁泰, KIM, In-Tae, 太田, 洋, OHTA, Hiroshi, 貝沼, 重信, KAINUMA, Shigenobu 03 1900 (has links)
No description available.
288

鋼材の腐食耐久性評価のための環境促進実験とその促進倍率に関する基礎的研究

伊藤, 義人, Itoh, Yoshito, 岩田, 厚司, Iwata, Atsusi, 貝沼, 重信, Kainuma, Shigenobu 03 1900 (has links)
No description available.
289

橋梁のライフサイクル環境負荷および建設副産物発生量に関する研究

伊藤, 義人, ITOH, Yoshito, 梅田, 健貴, UMEDA, Kenki, 岩田, 厚司, IWATA, Atsushi 03 1900 (has links)
No description available.
290

自然と科学前期 (サイエンスリテラシープロジェクトII: 問題発見・解決型の学習を通して多元的な思考力と探究心を育む)

SATO, T, KONDO, K, ISHIKAWA, K, 佐藤, 俊樹, 近藤, 和雅, 石川, 久美 01 February 2013 (has links)
No description available.

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