本文的主要目的係探究各國以污染密集度定義的出口貿易比較利益型態，在因素秉賦與環境政策隨著時間改變的前後十四年間是否有變動；環境因素稟賦是否可以解釋一國為何發展該種污染性質的出口產業型態；高污染性產業外移是否因為環境稟賦不同所造成。由於廣義環境因素稟賦的相關資料在收集與數量化上常遇到困難，所以過去有關環境因素稟賦對一國出口貿易產業型態影響的實證文獻非常少。針對上述所面對的的困難，本文嘗試以國際貿易理論中有關比較利益的模型，在加入環境因素稟賦等相關變數後，對一國以污染密集度定義的出口產業型態之發展有無影響？而環境因素稟賦隨著時間的演進，對該國以污染密集度定義的出口產業比較利益型態之影響程度為何？以檢定一國之出口產業比較利益型態的發展趨勢與環境因素稟賦之間的互動關係。茲將本文的研究步驟與結論分述如下： 　　（一）研究步驟 　　　　1.為了求得世界主要出口國家整體製造業以污染密集度定義產業性質之出口比較利益型態，乃運用Ralassa所提出的「A 'Stage Approach' to Comparative Advantage」的分析模型做為基本架構，將該分析模型內之第一階段迴歸估計式內以資本密集度定義的解釋變數，改為以污染密集度定義的解釋變數，以檢定上述各國的出口產業比較利益型態。另為分析各國出口產業比較利益的發展趨勢，乃以1976年、1987年、1990年等三個年度、十四年間的資料，分別求得各國該年度的出口產業比較利益型態為何種污染密集程度的產業。並將各主要出口國家按已開發國家、亞洲新興國家、中南美洲國家等三大分類，重新歸類其貿易型態與發展趨勢。 　　　　2.在上述模型架構下的第二階段迴歸估計式中，以第一階段所得的參數值為被解釋變數（即各國以污染密集度定義的產業型態參數估計值），再以各國廣義的環境因素稟賦為解釋變數（除了原有的物質資本、人力資本外，分別加入環保政策變數、自然資源因素稟賦、自然環境因素稟賦與廣義的環境因素稟賦等做為其他項的生產因素稟賦），檢定環保政策變數與該三類的因素稟賦對各國所發展的比較利益產業型態的關聯性。另外配合1976年、1987年、1990年等三年度的資料，觀察環境因素稟賦隨著時間的變遷，是否對該國的出口產業比較利益型態有不同程度的影響。 　　　　3.在有關產業外移的問題中，以經濟部投審會核准的國人赴海外投資之資料，以分區分業分年的統計結果分析台灣的高污染性質製造業是否有外移的趨勢。 　　（二）研究結論 　　　　1.各國的出口比較利益型態，除了中南美洲與少數國家外，OECD國家及亞洲各國整體製造業的出口比較利益型態，在最近十四年間的變化，並無明顯的改變。 　　　　2.環保法規政策變數對各國出口比較利益型態之影響並無實證統計上的顯著性，無法判定其對高污染密集度產業之出口比較利益會有何種影響。 　　　　3.在觀察未加入環保政策變數的第二階段迴歸分析中，首先該階段迴歸式內的解釋變數分成三類。在第一類自然資源因素稟賦中，只有石油礦產具有正相關與統計上顯著性的特性。而其他各種礦產，除了煤礦產具有負相關與統計上顯著性的特徵外，雖然不具有統計上的顯著性，但其迴歸係數仍為正相關。故基本上，該國如富有污染密集較高的礦產類生產因素，則對輸出該礦產所製造的產業，具有相對的比較利益。而第二類的自然環境因素稟賦，除了空氣污染程度的虛擬變數具有與本文假設的負相關特性及統計上的顯著性外，其他的自然因素稟賦包括降雨量、森林面積比例等並非是良好的解釋變數。第三類的廣義環境因素稟賦，除了教有程度一項在三個檢定年度不具有統計上的顯著性，且正負相關會隨著時間而改變外，其他各迴歸係數或有統計上不顯著的缺點，但其趨向與本文假設的相關方向呈現一致。原則土是可以解釋該國為何發展某種污染密集程度的產業，尤其是在都市化程度、每人國內生產毛額兩項。另從三個檢定年度的迴歸係數觀之，其間的變化雖然不大，但是某些環境因素稟賦對一國出口貿易比較利益型態的影響，卻與日俱增（例如：每人國內生產毛額、都市化程度、空氣污染程度）。 　　　　4.根據外國文獻所整理收集的資料顯示，產業外移受到許多因素影響，而環境因素稟賦所造成約比較利益型態差異或環境政策之鬆緊不同祇是其原因之一。本文以經濟部投審會的資料所做的分析顯示，在1988年後，國人投資於泰國、印尼、馬來西亞、菲律賓等四國的高污染密集產業有明顯增加的趨勢。而在1991年方有統計資料的大陸地區投資，也同時顯示投資於該產業的金額與比例有遞增的趨勢。故純由數據顯示，從短期的觀點而言，高污染密集的產業確實有外移的現象，但是否表示因為近年來環保法規採高標準的緣故，仍值得更長期的觀察。

嚴重的廢棄物處理問題，是現今施政的一大課題，而由於垃圾焚化相較於其他處理方式更能達到減量化、衛生化、安定化及資源化之目標，故成為未來垃圾處理方式之主流，垃圾焚化廠亦將陸續興建完工。但不可避免地，垃圾焚化廠亦會產生一些負面影響，往往被視為嫌惡性設施之一種，而形成設置上之阻力。 　　本研究之目的主要在藉由居民對焚化廠之認知、評價、接受程度、造成影響之感受，以及居民對焚化廠回饋地方措施之期望及其成效如何等相關課題之探討，以了解焚化廠設置形成阻力之原因所在，此外，並輔以相關文獻、專家意見及相關法規等資訊之整合，嘗試對降低焚化廠嫌惡性之可行方向提出建議，冀能對減輕日後興建焚化廠之阻力的有所助益，並期能確保民眾之生活環境品質。 　　本研究之重要結論與建議如下： 　　一、結論 　　　（一）民眾對於國內興建焚化廠之品質及二次污染控制能力仍缺乏信心，且居民預期焚化廠可能造成之影響通常會較焚化廠實際產生之影響大。 　　　（二）在居民願意接受焚化廠設置於其住家附近之條件中，以風險減輕方案最為居民所重視。 　　　（三）民眾對焚化廠回饋措施之認知程度愈高者，其對焚化廠接受程度愈高。 　　二、建議 　　　（一）在焚化廠風險減輕之策略方面，主管單位除了污染防治工作外，還必須了解公眾對風險的感受及反應，縮短政府與民眾在認知上之差距。 　　　（二）回饋措施（經濟誘因）有助於降低焚化廠之嫌惡性，故主管單位應加強焚化廠回饋措施方面之配置與宣導，以爭取民眾之支持。 　　　（三）適當的資訊回饋，可避免民眾對焚化廠之風險太過高估而增添不必要之憂慮，進而減輕其設置之阻力，故主管單位應適時提供民眾所需之環境資訊。 / The serious solid waste disposal problem is one of the challenges to the government policies. Landfilling is not a suitable solid waste disposal alternative in Taiwan, because of the high population density and the difficulty of acquiring land, At the same time, incinerators can help achieve waste reduction, sanitary disposal, stabilty, and resource recovery. Therefore, incineration will play an increasingly important role in the government's solid waste disposal plans. 　　Although incineration is one of the better approaches to dealing with solid waste disposal, it still has certain negative impacts on the quality of life. Therefore, it has been treated as a NIMBY (Not-In-My-Back-Yard), To some extent, NIMBYs are necessary to the community. The issue to be dealt with, then, becomes"how to find an equitable way to solve this dilemma." 　　This thesis focuses on three incinerators in Neihu, Wenshan, and Shihlin, Taipei. From the results of literature review, field surveys, data collection, questionnaires, and interviews, this study tries to explore the relationships between incinerators and the quality of life. This study also examines the effectiveness of compensation packages of these NIMBYs and people's attitudes toward incinerators. 　　The important findings of this thesis are as follows: 　　1.conclusions 　　　(1).Although most people have positive attitudes toward MSW incinerators, they do not feel confident about the quality of MSW incinerators and the administration's ability to control the second pollution. 　　　(2).People are more concerned with risk reduction strategies, rather than economic incentives. 　　　(3).The degree to which residents accept MSW incinerators will be affected by residents' knowledge about the compensation packages of Neihu incinerator area. 　　2.Policy implications 　　　(1).From the analyses we can see that people are more willing to accept risk reduction solutions rather than economic incentives. Therefore, if the government tries to increase the acceptance of MSW incinerators among residents, it should focus more on risk reduction plans. 　　　(2).Because residents are still lack of confidence about the quality of MSW incinerators and the ability of the administration to control the second pollution, the government should provide more accurate information to the public and guarantee the quality of MSW incinerators and the ability to control the second pollution. 　　　(3).If the government can provide some economic incentives to reduce the equity issues, the residents may be more willing to live closer to LULU facilities. From the analysis , we can see that economic incentives do reduce the NIMBY syndrome to some extents (even though not so much as risk reduction programs). Therefore, in addition to the pollution prevention and risk reduction programs, the government should also reinforce and provide more information about the compensation packages.

本研究的目的有二： 1. 針對台灣前五百大製造業做研究，了解環境不確 定程度對公司使用資本預算方法精密程度的影響，及資本預算程序精細程 度和公司績效的關係。 2. 針對環境不確定程度、資本預算程序精密程度 、公司績效三者，進行假說檢定，以了解在何種環境不確定程度下，應採 用何種資本預算程序，以提高更多的績效，幫助經理人選擇合適的資本預 算方法。主要的研究方法有四： 1. 文獻探討，包括資本預算理論及國內 外的實證研究。 2. 問卷調查，以郵寄方式寄給國內前五百大製造業廠商 的財務部門。 3. 人員深度訪談，於問卷回收後，針對有寄回問卷的廠商 ，以隨機抽樣方式，抽取數家廠商，作深度的訪談，以確定回收問卷資料 的正確性。 4. 統計分析，主要以複迴歸模式來驗證假說。研究結果顯示 如下：（一）國內製造業者傾向於使用較不精細的資本預算程序。國內製 造業者除了在專案的事先規劃方面有較多的努力外，不論在管理科學工具 的使用、敏感性分析與電腦模擬技術及事後的稽核與檢討等重要的資本預 算程序，似乎沒有特別的重視與執行。再者，在專案的評估技術方面，還 是以會計報酬率法、回收期間法較受製造業者的歡迎。（二）上市公司比 非上市公司採用較精細的資本預算程序。而推估其原因可能是上市公司的 規模較大，有足夠的資源及評估專案來支持專責部門的成立與運作，而且 受到投資大者的監督，因而採用較精細的資本預算程序。（三）環境不確 定程度愈高的公司傾向於使用愈精細的資本預算程序。無論以經理人對環 境的主觀知覺或是資產報酬率的標準差來衡量環境的不確定性，公司所面 臨環境的不確定程度與公司所使用資本預算精細程度間存有顯著的正向關 係。（四）環境不確定性較高的公司採用愈精細的資本預算程序將可產生 愈高的公司績效。故對於環境不確定性較高的公司應採用較精細的資本預 算方法，而環境不確定性較低的公司則在成本效益的考慮下，只需作基本 的分析即可達到一定的績效水準。

本文的研究問題為「同樣在國家介入引導的經濟發展過程下，是什麼原因使台灣與韓國在1998-2008之間金融改革的政策制定過程出現差異？」。藉由Oliver Williamson的四層次研究法，本文將台灣與韓國的金融改革分為社會鑲嵌、制度環境、治理機制、資源分配四層次，並藉此了解制度環境設計對行為者的能力給與或限制，也通過檢視政策制定過程中行為者的互動來了解金融改革的推動與資源分配。本文分開檢視四個層次的內容，再綜觀探討層次間的相互影響。政策的制定雖然是行為者之間的角力，但是同時也必須看環境賦予行為者的能力與限制，這是在分析任何政策的制定與執行時都必須注意到的。在台灣與韓國，因為制度的設計，使得總統可以主導政策的立法與執行。但是因為非正式制度的環境因素影響，使陳水扁與金大中兩位總統在政策的推動上有很大的差異。同時，因為台灣與韓國的政黨體系、財團結構不一樣，加上金融改革推行時的環境也不同，因此最後兩國改革的成果呈現很大的差異。此外，針對金融改革是否解決了原本的問題，本文也藉由國家主權債信評等以及金融機構的逾放比等指標來做出評比。藉由分析比較文獻，本文討論出主要是由於兩國的制度環境給與兩國的行為者不同的能力與限制，致使行為者在政策制定的治理機制層次擁有不同的考量，進而影響了政策執行的結果。 / This thesis ponders over the following question: under the same process of state led economic development, what caused the difference in the policy-making process for financial reforms between Taiwan and Korea in the decade 1998 – 2008? Applying Oliver Williamson’s “four-levels of social analysis,” this thesis divides the financial reforms in Taiwan and Korea into embeddedness, institutional environment, governance and resource allocation and employment. Through level analysis, we will come to understand how design of the institution setting gives or restricts the capability of political actors. Even though policy making is a competition of force among actors, contextual restrictions and endowments on actor capability should be taken into account at the same time, as it is a notable factor in policy formation and execution. Due to institution design, the president dominates policy making and execution in both Taiwan and Korea. However, due to influence from informal institutional setting, Chen Shui-Bien and Kim Dae-Jung demonstrated great differences on the movement of policy. Moreover, because of differences in party system, conglomerates and the setting for financial reform, the outcome of reform shows a wide difference in the two countries. Regarding the issue of whether financial reform resolved the basic problem, this thesis grounds its evaluation based on indices such as sovereign rating and percentage of non-performing loans of financial units. Through comparison and analysis of existent literature, this author concludes that that the difference in institution setting provides actors in the two countries with different capabilities and restrictions, which generates different considerations in actors on the governing level and influence the outcome of policy execution.

本研究的主要目的在了解桃園縣國民中學學校人員對無障礙校園環境的認知，並探討桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園設施的運用、設計與問題，並提出具體的改善建議，做為行政主管機關及學校的參考。 為達上述目的，本研究採文獻探討、問卷調查及實地觀察訪談等三種研究方法。首先透過文獻分析，探討無障礙環境的基本理念與法令、規章的發展狀況，及桃園縣無障礙環境的執行過程；其次，以文獻探討的結果，編製「桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園環境調查問卷」，進行問卷調查研究，並輔以實地觀察訪談，以了解學校人員對無障礙環境的認知，及桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園設施的運用、設計與問題。 本研究的調查對象為桃園縣公立國民中學校長、總務主任、組長、未兼任行政職務之教師、家長會長（或代表）共55校，發出問卷275份，總計收回51所學校247份問卷，回收率89.9％，有效問卷242份，並以SPSS 10.0 For Windows軟體進行問卷之統計分析；實地觀察訪的對象，依學校規模分大、中、小型（48班以上為大校、47班至30班為中校、29班以下為小校）三組。每組再依建校歷史，以民國79年「殘障福利法」修正公佈為準，分新舊兩組，各抽取一所學校，以該校總務主任為訪談之對象，並以該校為實地觀察之地點，共6人。 根據文獻探討、問卷調查及實地觀察訪談的結果，獲得以下結論： 一、 桃園縣國民中學的學校人員重視無障礙校園環境，且以校長與女性學校人員最重視。 二、 桃園縣國民中學無障礙的使用與維護情形普遍良好。 三、 桃園縣國民中學規劃最好無障礙校園設施是「坡道及扶手」、「廁所、盥洗室」「升降梯（電梯）」。 四、 桃園縣國民中學最難規劃無障礙校園設施是「坡道及扶手」、「觀眾席（如視聽教室、活動中心、演藝廳）」「升降梯（電梯）」。 五、 桃園縣國民中學無障礙設施規劃設計上比較困難的因素有「受限於學校原有建築或空間，致不易改善」、「受限於經費，致無法整體規劃」及「缺乏專精無障礙環境規劃的建築師的協助」。 根據研究發現與結論，提出建議如下： 一、桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園環境應「整體規劃、分期完工」，且將具有無障礙環境知能專家學者或建築師納入學校營繕小組之內；辦理親師生校園無障礙環境多元活動，增進親師生對無障礙環境的認知。 二、桃園縣教育處應調查分項建置縣內各級學校無障礙設施基本資料一覽表，掌握每校無障礙設施的狀況；校園無障礙設施經費補助以新建或修繕「觀眾席（如視聽教室、活動中心、演藝廳）」、「升降梯（電梯）」等項為優先，「室外引導通路」次之；定期作學校無障礙設施訪視，並建立執行無障礙環境的績效評量制度。 三、未來研究建議如：藉由行動不便者實地使用，訪查校園無障礙設施使用時不足，才能更精準指出尚需改善的無障礙設施的項目；引進「通路」的概念，研究每校無障礙設施最少且最適合「無障礙通路」。 關鍵詞：國民中學；無障礙；無障礙校園環境 / The main purpose of this study was to provide an insight into the understanding of staffs in school of the barrier-free school environment and to investigate the implementation﹐design and problems related to the barrier-free campus facilities in junior high schools of Taoyuan County﹒ In addition﹐the researcher propose an applicable suggestions for the reference of both the authorities and schools. To achieve the above mentioned objectives﹐the researcher adopted the methods of literature analysis﹐questionnaires and field surveys in this study﹒First of all﹐through the methods of literature analysis﹐ the researcher explored the basic ideals﹐the development of rules and regulations and the process of implementation of the barrier-free school environment in Taoyuan County ﹒Secondly﹐based on the results from the literature analysis﹐the researcher designed a “Questionnaire on the Barrier-Free school Environment in Junior High Schools of Taoyuan County”conducted questionnaire surveys and field surveys to get an insight into the understanding of staffs in schools of the barrier- free school environment and the implementation,structure and problems related to the barrier-free campus facilities﹒ The research subjects of this study were principals,directors of general affairs,group leader,teachers﹐and president（or representatives）of parent committee in junior high school 0f Taoyuan County﹒the researcher sent out 275 questionnaires to 55 schools﹒A total of 247 questionnaires from 51 schools were retrieved﹒The response rate was 89.9％﹒SPSS 10.0 For Windows was employed to analyzed the 242 effective questionnaires；the subjects of field surveys were classified into three groups according to the size of school（schools of 48 classes or more are large schools﹐schools of 30-47 classes are medium schools﹐and schools of 29 classes or less are small schools ）﹒in each group ﹐1990﹐the year in which the Welfare Law for the Handicapped and Disabled was revised﹐was set as the point of demarcation to divide these schools into subgroups；old schools and new schools﹒The researcher chose one school from each subgroup and interviewed the directors of general affairs from the chosen schools which were the sites for field surveys﹒A total of 6 people were interviewed for this study﹒ Based on literature analysis﹐ questionnaires and field surveys﹐the researcher reached the following conclusions: 1,The staffs of Junior high schools of Taoyuan County pay attention to the barrier- free school environment,especially principals and feaml staffs in schools pay more attention to the barrier- free school environment﹒ 2,The way in which barrier-free campus facilities are used is satisfactory；the maintenance of barrier-free campus facilitiesis too﹒ 3, The best planned barrier-free campus facilities are“ ramps and handrails”“bathrooms and lavatories”and “hoists（elevators）”﹒ 4,The greatest difficulty in planning barrier-free campus facilities is in “ramps and handrails” “audience（such as those in audio-visual classrooms﹐auditoriums and performance halls）”“hoists（elevators）”﹒ 5,Junior high school of Taoyuan County barrier-free campus facility plan design the quite difficult factor has “limited to the school original construction or the space, sends is not easy to improve”,“is restricted in the funds, sends is unable “architect's assistance which the corporate planning” and is“expert in the barrier-free school environmental project deficient”. Based on these findings﹐the researcher proposed the following suggestions：: 1,The barrier-free school environment in Junior high school of Taoyuan County should be“entire planning, finish by stage”,and“have the the experts or the architects excel in designing the barrier-free school environment in the group﹐By handling the diversified barrier-free school environmental activties”；promoting the teachers and students to the barrier-free school environment cognition by barrier-free school environment multi-dimensional activity﹒ 2,the Education Department of Taoyuan County Government should respectively set up the basic document data sheet of all levels of school barrier-free campus facility in Taoyuan County and grasps each school barrier-free campus facility conditions﹐What`s more﹐“audience（such as those in audio-visual classrooms﹐auditoriums and performance halls）” hoists（elevators）”should be gave priorities to put to use the barrier-free campus facility and next is “outdoor guidance circuit”；And it is necessity to surveys school barrier-free campus facility regularly and establish the barrier-free school environment achievements to comment the quantity system﹒ 3,the following for further studies：Facilities used on the spot by those who move with difficulty can point which barrier-free campus facilities need improvement more accurately when surveys the facilities ；introducing the concept of “route”can study the barrier-free campus facility of each school；the suggestion for example: Uses on the spot because of moving about with difficulty, inquires the barrier-free campus be least and most suitable“barrier-free route”﹒ Key word：junior high school；barrier-free；barrier-free school environment

隨著經濟的快速發展，人類活動對環境的衝擊日趨嚴重，為了抑制環境的損害，近年來，環保標章逐漸成為各國政府採用的新興環境管制工具，而目前大部分文獻著重於分析環保標章是否對消費者的行為模式產生改變及是否有效發揮減少污染排放與提升社會福利的效果，至於實行後有關貿易效果的部分，較少著墨。因此本文主要探討國內市場、廠商結構有所不同，但皆已實施環保標章制度的情況下，環保標章與非環保標章產品廠商之最適價格、產量及利潤，以及因貿易自由化造成關稅的下降，對於污染稅與國內環境品質的影響為何？ 本文以垂直差異化模型，描述消費者行為，並建立一個多家非環保標章廠商與一家環保標章廠商於本國市場進行價格競爭的兩國兩廠商理論模型。發現本國廠商為環保標章廠商時，不論在本國觀點或全球觀點下，將對汙染進行課稅，且關稅的下降將促使本國政府提高汙染稅，環境品質會因關稅下降而惡化。本國廠商為非環保標章廠商時，在本國觀點下，將對汙染進行補貼，關稅下降促使本國政府提高汙染補貼，同樣使得環境品質因而惡化；然而，在全球觀點下，將對汙染進行課稅，關稅的下降促使汙染稅跟著調降，環境品質因此而獲得改善。 / Due to the rapid economic development, the environment has got worse. This fact makes eco-label become a new environmental instrument which used by many countries in recent years. Recently, the economists want to figure out the influence of the eco-label. Those researches mainly focus on whether the eco-label changes the consumer behavior patterns and whether it can effectively reduce pollution emissions and improve social welfare. However, in those papers, the effect on trade is less mentioned. This paper focuses on the optimal price, quantity and profit of firms with and without eco-labels, as well as how the decline in tariffs caused by trade liberalization will influence the pollution tax and the domestic environmental quality. In this paper, we use the vertical differentiation model to describe consumer behavior. What we set here is when the local company is the eco-label product maker, the foreign company will produce non-green products, and vice versa. We found that when local company is the eco-label product maker, no matter in a domestic point of view or from the global perspective, the pollution will be taxed, and the decline in tariffs will raise pollution tax, so the deterioration of environmental quality. When local company is not eco-label product maker, there are two different consequences: in domestic view, the pollutions will be subsidized. We also can see as the tariffs declines, the government will raise its pollution subsidy, which will make the deterioration of environmental quality. From the global perspective, the pollution will be taxed, the decline in tariffs will lead to the reducing of pollution tax, so will improve the quality of the environment.

本創作的「移動」,意旨在生態系統中,動植物非自然/自願性的移動—即指因 人為活動或需求所造成的移動,在動植物被不同規模的移動後,形成一種隱而難 見的新秩序,這些因人為能力所造成的新移動景象,則為移動過後的痕跡。 這是一份討論人與自然最初關係的創作,藉從「移動」的觀念,觀看城市中 的生態日常。本創作分創作論述與攝影集作品兩部份進行,創作論述從「生態資 本主義」出發,建立作者所提出的「移動」觀念;攝影集作品則以新紀實攝影作 表現手法,再現作者所欲強調的「移動」影像。 本創作價值不以提倡人與自然應和諧相處作最終解答,而是從「移動的痕跡」 影像中,理解人類所創造的移動能力已出乎我們所想像,對於城市中日常的生態 景觀,應開始發展另一種觀看的方式。 「移動的痕跡」攝影集（網路版本）：http://issuu.com/mesyeux/docs/movefinal / “Moving”, in this work, means the movement of animals and plants which is made by human beings rather than by the free will of the moved objects. In other words, the movement is caused by people's activities and demands. After the movement in various scales, a new and obscure order is formed. These newly-formed visions then act as the evidences of artificial movement. This work is about the discussion of the original relationship between mankind and ecosystem by re-observing everyday activities with the point of view of “moving”. This work is composed of two parts: the thesis and the photo album. The thesis part, based on “ecological modernization”, introduces the concept of “moving”; while the photo album part, adopted the new documentary photography style, is the medium to visualize “moving”. The value of this work is not to recommend a harmonious way of living between mankind and ecosystem, but to remind the readers that " moving " made by all mankind has been far beyond our imagination. Therefore, we should re-define our way of seeing the daily life. Traces of Moving (online version) : http://issuu.com/mesyeux/docs/movefinal

近年隨全球生產鏈改變，廠商為維持競爭力由追求區位最佳化，轉而追求網絡位置優化。在此種現象下，引發本研究探討區位環境在廠商創新過程中所扮演之角色，並嘗試與網絡位置共同分析，探查區位環境對於廠商是否具有功能化效果。且以Markusen (1996)與Glückler(2007)之論述為基礎，檢視創新環境差異下是否存在網絡結構差異。區位環境與技術網絡分別透過創新氛圍與社會資本作為論述框架，利用兩者皆強調個體行動者特質，連結地理區位、社會化行動至創新績效之路徑。 本研究以台灣生物技術廠商為研究對象，該產業為我國新興產業之一，對於技術網絡建立與研發需求強烈。資料收集同時利用二手資料與問卷方式，建立近似於整體性的技術網絡資料，分析方法採用社會網絡分析法、變異數分析以及卜瓦松回歸進行假說驗證。分析結果呈現地區創新氛圍差異確實存在廠商社會資本型態差異，支持先前文獻論述。而地區創新氛圍在廠商創新過程中扮演調和社會資本結構面功能角色，隨創新氛圍提升，強化直接連結的正向效果，減緩了網絡中介的負向效果；突顯了區位選擇在廠商面對全球化過程中仍為影響創新績效的關鍵因子。 / The empirical studies of firms’ innovation pointed out the important of localtion. In early days, firms pursue better location to lower the cost.But now they facing the globalization recombining the global supply chain. The important of location is re-placed by “ network system”. In this view, the main part of our research tring to understand the role of innovative milieu in innovation process. According to the lite-rature of Markusen (1996) and Glückler(2007) suggest the difference network structure between difference industrial districts. The second goal of this research is using statistical data to confirm their explanation. Tthis research which indicate two important results. The first is the difference social capital of firms existing in difference innovative milieux.This result support Markusen and Glückler’s discussions. Second, the role of innovative milieu is mod-erated effect between social capital and innovative perfornment.Following the differ-ence social capital strength, the effect of innovative milieu is difference.The empirical result indicate that the important function of location is working on firms’ innovative process.

十二五計劃之實施帶動總體與產業環境之改變，影響視大陸為重要市場及預計把握新興產業機會之高科技公司策略作為。本論文採個案研究法，以一家已在大陸經營多年的企業為對象，說明當地主國環境變遷時，大陸子公司是如何調整其角色與價值活動，進一步地，組織是如何重新分工與調配資源，以支持調整後的大陸子公司順利運作。 本研究提出五個研究結論，分別為： 1.台灣總部加重大陸子公司的策略領袖角色 台灣總部為因應環境改變下帶來的商機，逐漸改變大陸子公司過去以銷售為主的定位。隨著大陸子公司資源與能力的增加，台灣總部同時也加重其地主國之策略重要性。 2.大陸子公司由多活動之單位，朝向策略中心發展 大陸子公司不僅具有多項的卓越能力，從事之價值範疇活動也相對多元，並有能力提供台灣總部關於地主國的策略性建議。 3.台灣總部傾向加大授權大陸子公司價值活動之權限 台灣總部增加大陸子公司在銷售、人事、財務、研發等功能別之權限。 4.調整後之大陸子公司組織結構，更能集中組織資源 大陸子公司SBU之新設，有助行銷、研發與製造資源之整合，以及快速回應市場。 5.技術資源之整合，有助於支援SBU初期之發展 協同研發中心整合既有軟硬體研發資源，在SBU成立初期開發所需之共同技術。 最後，本論文也提出相關建議，供其他業者與研究者參考。

With respect to the investment on cultural infrastructure, more attention has always been paid to the Northern than to the Southern area of Taiwan. The aim of this study is to examine the factors that led to the differences in development of the performing arts environments in Taipei and Kaohsiung by reviewing the historical background and analyze specific cultural statistics. The results show that there are indeed some disparities in the performing arts environments between Taipei and Kaohsiung. However, while the demands for upgrading the respective performing arts environments in Taipei and Kaohsiung both continue to exist, future sustainability of their operation is as important as the establishment of new hardware in order to create a better environment for cultivating a cultural creative industry in Taiwan.