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單打獨鬥或合縱連橫? 國內外環境與人權組織倡議路徑的選擇李偲瑋, Li, Sih Wei Unknown Date (has links)
本研究為釐清國內與國際非政府組織在臺灣發展關係,從環境與人權倡議議題為範圍討論,從臺灣目前進行環境與人權倡議工作的非政府組織中收集相關訊息,瞭解現今組織之間工作遇到的問題及困難,探討其發生的可能和原因,最後試圖提出研究建議與解決辦法。
奠基非政府組織在臺灣發展出的特殊性,伴隨著民主人權的發展,同時,臺灣環境議題倡議發展相較於其他亞洲國家也成熟許多,在現在全球化時代下的發展,國與國之間的界線也越來越模糊,網路科技的發明,使得交流不再如過去般受到諸多限制,因此也將各區域中相關的非政府組織連結,形成具有槓桿力量的跨國倡議網絡,企圖進而影響國家內部,促使政府能有所作為。
透過文獻分析及深度訪談瞭解組織倡議及發展,深入體會國際非政府組織在臺灣倡議遇到的困難,以及國內非政府組織面對這些問題的兩難,本研究結論,以跨國倡議網絡策略為主軸予以建議,非政府組織之間必須要有溝通的管道,避免資訊不對稱以及產生誤解,減少延誤倡議工作進行的最佳時機點,政府對於外國團體在臺灣人民團體法適應的問題及限制以及外國人在台工作的法規也應該有所彈性或裁量空間,才能開啟更多讓世界看見臺灣的可能性。 / The purpose of this thesis is to explore the relationship between local and international nongovernment organizations on human rights and environmental advocacy issues. To understand these problems and difficulties, research involved conducting in-depth interviews with workers of local and international nongovernment organizations. The purpose of the research is to find out the reasons to explain the problems of the relationship and know how to solve. The thesis concludes with suggestions about how to best develop the transnational advocacy network strategies of Taiwan in the future.
As a nation without global recognition of its national status, Taiwan faces with the difficulty of participating international affairs. Through transnational advocacy network including the strategies of symbolic, information, leverage, accountability politics, these NGOs compel the government to make changes. As a result, Taiwan has a greater opportunity to be a contributor in global public affairs.
The result of the research is to clarify the relationship, strengths, and weaknesses between local and international nongovernment organizations to cope with the challenges they experience with each other. In conclusion, there are four main suggestions below: 1) Make sure information is communicated across international and local advocacy. 2) Do the things right at the right time. 3) Make a big difference with leverage politics. 4) Focus on the importance of accountability and self-discipline when nongovernmental organizations face international affairs.
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以敘事研究初探語言學習者自主動能與其學習環境之互動 / A Narrative Inquiry on the Interplay between Language Learner Agency and Learning Contexts陳瑋婕, Chen, Wei-Chieh Unknown Date (has links)
本文以敘事研究的方式,透過深入訪談,探討一位台灣語言學習者的自主動能(learner agency)與其學習環境之互動。經由敘事訪談(narrative interview)、開放式訪談、半結構訪談以及分析受訪者社群網站發表之文章,本論文意圖呈現台灣語言學習者在不同學習環境中如何表現自主動能。
本研究以受訪者Erin出國留學為分界,共三個階段:第一階段為受訪者出國前(2014/08/25),以敘事訪談(narrative interview)的方式,Erin完整呈現自我對英語的認知與語言學習歷程之掙扎。第二階段為Erin出國以後,藉由開放式與半結構訪談,描繪出Erin在國外求學的經驗,並更深刻探討過去的語言學習歷程。第三階段為Erin回國後(2015/09/17),再次以敘事訪談的方式,Erin反思英國求學的經驗以及英語在其人生中扮演的角色。
本研究以vam Lier所提之自主動能的三個特色為分析框架,並推衍出兩項申明:其一,台灣英語學習者在正式的語言學習環境中面臨許多挑戰,但學習者仍有表現自主動能的空間,表現方式包括逃避或拒絕學習;其二,學習者若能沈浸於語言習得的環境(foreign language acquisition environments),極有可能脫離正式語言學習環境的框架而成為一個不同於以往的自己。本研究檢視學習者在不同的學習環境中如何展現自主動能,筆者期望研究結果可提供語言教師看待語言學習者一個新視角。 / Drawing on the concept of learner agency, a narrative inquiry was conducted in order to achieve an in-depth, qualitative understanding of the interplay between a Taiwanese learner's exert of agency and various contexts. The study was developed in three phases, and multiple number of interviews were the main instrument for data collection. The first interview was conducted in August, 2014, before the participant, Erin, headed for England to pursue a Master's degree. The following interviews documented her life experiences abroad and further explored her past language learning history. The final interview was conducted in September, 2015 after she came back to Taiwan, in which she reflected on her overall study abroad experiences and the role of English in her life. The findings delineated Erin's English learning story and her agency domestically and internationally. van Lier's proposal of core features of learner agency was used as the analytic framework to discuss Erin's story, and later two assertions were derived from the discussion: (1) Being an EFL learner in the Taiwanese formal educational context may involve many challenges, but the learner still has room to exercise his or her agency-even though this could mean avoiding or rejecting learning, and (2) Fully engaged in a foreign language environment, the learner is likely to break away from the limitations of formal English learning system. The study delineates a close examination on how the language learner interacted with various contexts and demonstrates several considerations TESOL practitioners can take. Based on the findings and the discussion, pedagogical implications as well as suggestions for future research are also provided at the end of the thesis.
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南水北調中線工程水源地環境治理研究:以十堰市為例 / Study on the Environmental Governance of the Water Source Region of the South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) Middle Route Project (MRP):Taking Shiyan City as an Example李星月, Li, Xingyue Unknown Date (has links)
南水北調中綫工程的完成是國家權力成功運作的結果,而本文希望透過檢視水源地之一十堰市在環境治理上的表現來刻畫地方政府的行爲模式。
經濟發展與環境保護歷來是地方政府需要面臨的雙重考驗,縱向上看,中央與地方也常因利益分歧造成政策執行上的扭曲。而這種中央-地方關係及經濟發展與環境保護的矛盾在水源地十堰市體現得尤為明顯。因爲作爲水源地它需要切實貫徹中央「保水質」的任務,但是「保水質」與「保護環境」有著不同的內涵和指向,其背後是中央與地方利益的較量。然而,更深層次的矛盾在於,作爲一個貧困地區,十堰市本身脫貧壓力巨大,發展經濟的意願强烈。爲了保護水源地,十堰市必須在經濟發展上做出犧牲。面對這一複雜情境,十堰市的領導人毅然選擇完成中央交辦的任務。
本文希望透過檢視十堰市政府與上級政府及地方行動者的互動來勾畫出地方政府的行爲模式,同時探討其行爲背後的原因。 / The south-to-north water transfer project is a great hydraulic engineering aiming at relieving water scarcity problem in Northern China. The Chinese central government plays an important role in building dams and transferring water through closed conduit. However, the more challenging problem is to guarantee the water quality of the water source area:Danjiankou Reservoir.
As the main part of the reservoir is located in Shiyan city, it has no choice but to take responsibility of protecting environment and make sure that the water quality standard can be reached.
Facing such arduous task, Shiyan spare no effort in reaching the goal, and some polluting industries are badly effected or even prohibited. As the result, the performance of Shiyan is appreciated by leaders of all levels, but these measures are controversial.
Balancing between economic development and environmental protection is quite difficult, but as an extremely poor city, Shiyan City would rather protect aquatic environment for northern people than develop economy for local residents. So the performance of Shiyan city aroused my interest.This thesis tries to throw light on how Shiyan governed the environment and how it react to pressures from above and below, and why it happened.
The conclusion is that Shiyan takes different strategies towards different actors, and the reason is related to performance evaluation system and promotion. And the results are based on field work, books ,journals and so on.
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新住民子女就學的空間社會學分析 / 無謝芳吟 Unknown Date (has links)
1980年代末以降,臺灣跨國婚姻數量大幅增加,新住民子女就學人口成長速度亦十分驚人,根據教育部統計,94-104學年度間,就讀國中小的新住民子女自60,258人增至207,733人,成為不可忽視的群體。如何全面而精確瞭解該群體的空間分布與特徵,乃是了解新住民子代教育相關議題的重要基礎,過往研究卻未對此有所掌握。本文使用內政部統計處社會經濟資料平臺所發布之103-105年全國行政區國民小學、國民中學統計,運用R語言與Quantum GIS地理資訊系統,進行空間統計分析與視覺化地圖繪製,更藉由階層式集群分析法將臺灣本島區分出不同的教育環境背景類型,並以疊圖將兩者相互對照分析,企圖回答新住民子代就學人口所在之處,以及該群體所處地區的學校教育特性之基本命題。
研究結果顯示,無論國小或國中教育階段,新住民子女學生絕對人口及族群人口比率的空間分布,皆具有地方歧異性,顯著呈現出不均質的樣態,主要的空間聚集區有北北桃地區(含新竹縣北部)、竹苗地區與雲嘉南地區。本文亦發現,人口聚集的鄉鎮市區內,學校教育環境背景差異甚巨。北北桃地區的國小教育環境背景類型屬於「都會型」或「都會人口密集型」,國中階段分屬「都會偏遠混合型」或「都會人口密集型」;竹苗地區與雲嘉南地區的國小教育環境背景類型,除了臺南市楠西區為「都會型」外,其餘一概為「偏遠型」鄉鎮;國中階段甚至呈現「都會偏遠混合型」、「高生師比混合型」、「顯著少數型」三種面貌。
最後,本文指出,新住民子女就學人口分布,超越人為的行政界線劃分,形成跨多重縣市疆界的顯著聚集熱區,不僅如此,該群體落腳區域的教育環境背景類型存在差異。未來,政府單位若要制訂或實施相關政策,應考量新住民就學人口的空間分布,以及分布地的教育環境背景特性據,以達到更好的資源配置與政策安排。
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大陸環境政策與路徑分析理論:以北京空氣汙染治理為例 / China’s environmental protection policies and path dependent analysis: in the case of Beijing air pollution control陳品誠, Chen, Ping-Cheng Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,大陸已經從一個強調經濟發展的國家蛻變為一個注重經濟發展但是也關注永續發展的國家。大陸從只願付出共同但有區別責任到積極做出空氣污染管制的大國,是否可以藉由不同於以往的模型來解釋?本論文主要運用路徑分析法的概念來闡述北京的空氣污染治理政策演進,藉由設定奧運和APEC北京為治理的「關鍵節點」,進一步闡述國家與地方環境政策的變化與演進。而中國政策決策制度的演進也是影響環境政策的輔助因素,因此第四章也特別說明中國大陸制定決策的模式演變。希望藉由不同的理論來解釋當前北京乃至中國的環境治理,並檢視當前環境治理的不足及說明未來可能的發展方向。 / In the past decade, countries and organizations around the globe have devoted themselves to brought out the important message of sustainable development. Climate change and environmental protection have been two of the core issues to be considered into state’s foreign policy. China has been facing the environmental issues in recent years. In this thesis, it argues that China’s awareness of sustainable development and environmental protection, especially on air pollution problem in Beijing, was gradually flourished as time went by. From ignoring environmental problem and devoting effort on one-sided economic development to positively face and try to solve the air pollution problem, China has gone through its decision-making and mindsets reform. Furthermore, this thesis suggests that the progress of it corresponds with a certainly path. Hence, path dependent analysis would be applied to test whether this kind of path fits air pollution control methods in China and possibly foresee the environmental future of Beijing to be a cleaner and healthier city.
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運用貝氏方法估計方向距離函數─考慮環境變數、單調性與曲度限制下之效率分析 / A Bayesian Approach to Imposing Monotonicity and Curvature on Directional Distance Function with Environmental Variables林嘉偉, Lin, Chia-Wei Unknown Date (has links)
本文以貝氏方法估計方向距離函數,加入單調性與曲度限制,同時考慮環境變數於模型中。為了凸顯考慮非意欲產出方向距離函數的優點,本文同時估計產出面射線距離函數,並與方向距離函數模型比較。實證分析資料為1970至2010年間各國總體經濟變數,分別在有無加入限制條件與環境變數的狀況下,估計兩種距離函數,從無效率值、效率分數與技術進步率等角度分析彼此間的差異。發現射線距離函數模型由於忽略非意欲產出,傾向高估生產單位的技術效率。另一方面,其係數估計值容易違反射線距離函數的先天性質,較不具參考性。而方向距離函數模型當中,有無加入限制條件與有無考慮環境變數的模型結果各不相同,其中同時加入限制條件與環境變數的模型結果最為合理。
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ショウジョウバエ近縁種群が栄養環境に柔軟に適応し成長する機構の解析渡辺, 佳織 25 November 2019 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(生命科学) / 甲第22134号 / 生博第421号 / 新制||生||55(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院生命科学研究科統合生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 上村 匡, 教授 荒木 崇, 教授 井垣 達吏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM
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湖での溶存ケイ酸の地球化学的動態ならびに重合体の生成と分解の反応過程朴, 紫暎 23 March 2020 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第22545号 / 人博第948号 / 新制||人||225(附属図書館) / 2019||人博||948(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科相関環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 杉山 雅人, 教授 梶井 克純, 教授 小木曽 哲 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM
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西南日本における巨大地震による定量的被害予測とその対応策に関する研究宝音図 24 March 2014 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18259号 / 工博第3851号 / 新制||工||1590(附属図書館) / 31117 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 川瀬 博, 教授 中島 正愛, 教授 清野 純史 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
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平城宮跡遺構展示館における露出展示遺構の保存環境に関する研究脇谷, 草一郎 23 March 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13012号 / 論工博第4137号 / 新制||工||1650(附属図書館) / 32940 / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科文化・地域環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 鉾井 修一, 教授 髙橋 大弐, 教授 山岸 常人 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
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