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以角色的社會網絡為基礎之電影敘事結構分析 / Film Narrative Exploration Based on Social Network Analysis of Characters余孟芝, Yu, Meng Chih Unknown Date (has links)
由於電影工業的蓬勃發展,以及數位化視訊分析與儲存技術的進步,使用者可藉由DVD所提供的故事分段索引來快速瀏覽及搜尋影片。因此一套能對電影作故事分段的工具是不可或缺的。 / 本論文的研究目的是針對人際關係類型的電影做故事單元的分段。我們提出以角色的社會網絡為基礎的方法,作電影故事單元的分段。此方法包括四個步驟。首先對電影作場景變換偵測。接著,我們利用人臉辨識技術擷取出每一個場景出現的角色。第三,我們考慮角色重要性對分段的影響,利用社會網絡分析中計算角色的網絡中心性,來衡量角色的重要性。最後,以角色為特徵值,比對場景之間的角色來計算相似度,並且利用循序性叢集分析,來達到電影故事單元的分段。我們的實驗針對四部人際關係類型的電影,以切成故事單元來評估分段的效果,實驗顯示以角色的社會網路為基礎的方法,準確率介於0.63到0.94之間。 / With the progress of entertainment industry, and the advances of digital video analysis and storage technologies, users can utilize the indexes of the DVD chapters for quick access, retrieval and browsing of movie content. Therefore, development of automatic movie content analysis is important.
In this thesis, we focus on the romance and relationship movies, which contain the narrative of the relation between peoples. We propose a novel method for film narrative exploration based on social network analysis of characters. There are four steps. First, we perform movie scene change detection to segment a movie into scenes. In the second step, we extract the characters as the feature model of scenes by utilizing the face recognition system. Then, we measure the weight value of the characters by the centrality of social network analysis. Finally, we calculate the cosine similarity between scenes, and segment a movie into story units by using sequential clustering algorithm.
We conduct experiments on four romance and relationship movies. Experimental result show that our proposed story unit segmentation method based on social network analysis of characters achieves from 63% to 94% accuracy.
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我國大學科系興趣量表的編製及效度研究劉兆明, Liu, Zhao-Ming Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的,在依據我國大學各科系的特質,編制一套科系興趣測量工具,作
為高中學生選擇大學科系的參考,並對此自編量表評估其效度。本研究分為量表編製
及效度研究二階段,後者又包括科系興趣的穩定性研究、預測效度研究、同時效度研
究、及因素結構分析等四項分研究。全文一冊,約七萬字,凡五章。第一章為結論,
第二章為文獻探討,第三章為研究方法,第四章為研究結果,研究者于第五章對結果
進行討論後,並分就量表修正,後續研究、及量表運用等三方面,提出十點建議。
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台灣地區年齡別死亡率的變遷模式:1950-2004戴伯偉, Tai, po wei Unknown Date (has links)
無論是試圖理解台灣地區過去五十五年來的平均餘命會逐漸增加的原因,或是台灣地區人口結構成長變化的情形,甚至是探討未來人口老化政策或是追求死亡率法則終極目標等等議題,我們首先應該設法了解過去五十五年來的年齡別死亡率是如何轉變的。而本研究最終目的則是希望能夠提供一個不同於以往傳統人口學的分析方法來觀察我們週遭人口變化的情形。
本研究嘗試運用「網絡結構相似性(Structural Equivalence)」的觀念,先找出具有相似年齡別死亡模式結構的年代,進而區分出擁有不同年齡別死亡率模式的年代階段。再根據不同的年代階段,找出在每一年代類型中各年齡別死亡率是如何進行變遷。
經由網絡結構相似性區分歷年的男性與女性年齡別死亡模式的年代類型,我們可以發現男性與女性的年齡別死亡模式類型,相當類似。根據年與年的網絡結構相似性,男性以及女性在過去五十五年來年齡別死亡模式都可以區分出五個不同的年齡別模式階段。而透過歷年MDS圖形來觀察嬰幼兒人口以及老年人口的年齡別死亡率的移動情形,更可以證明,歷年年齡別死亡模式的變遷和嬰幼兒以及老年人口死亡率改善移動的情形是息息相關。
因此透過結構地位相似性的分析概念以及MDS空間結構距離的呈現,證明了台灣地區歷年年齡別死亡模式的變遷,的確和嬰幼兒人口以及老年人口年齡別死亡率的下降有關。更表示運用網絡結構的分析概念來分析人口事件也是可行的。
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以主題為基礎的音樂結構性分析 / Theme-Based Music Structural Analysis何旻璟, Ho, Min-ching Unknown Date (has links)
音樂分段在研究音樂分析相關的領域是很重要的研究題目。音樂的分段可以提供作音樂結構分析、音樂瀏覽、音樂內容查詢與音樂摘要等應用。本論文的研究目的就是對音樂作自動分段,以幫助使用者能快速瀏覽音樂的內容。因此,我們針對音樂的主題作主題式的分段。
音樂的主題是取決於作曲者的動機,動機是構成音樂主題的基本因素。為了能夠以主題為基礎作音樂分段,我們必須找出決定音樂主題的因素。動機會有規則性的出現在整首音樂當中,所以我們可以利用動機出現的規則來探勘音樂的動機。
我們提出一個以主題對音樂作分段的方法,總共分為四個主要的步驟。第一,我們從原始的音樂資料擷取出主旋律的部分。第二,將主旋律做粗略分段。我們利用探勘Non-trivial重複樣式的技術[17],來找出粗略段落。第三,從粗略段落中探勘動機。我們利用Stein所提出來的動機變化規則,修改傳統探勘重複序列的方法,做動機的探勘。最後,我們利用探勘出來的動機對主旋律作精細分段。我們針對MIDI音樂檔案利用提出來的方法,實做出一個系統,找出音樂的主題段落。
先前研究在評估實驗結果時,多採用Precision與Recall去評估實驗的結果。然而,這樣的評估方法並不能表現出實驗結果與正確答案之間的相似程度。所以我們提出新的評估方法,根據實驗結果與正確答案之間的相似程度來評估實驗的準確率。根據實驗結果顯示,我們的方法準確率約65%。 / Music segmentation is one of the important issues in music analysis. Music segmentation can be utilized for music structure analysis, music browsing, content-based music retrieval, and music summarization. In this theis, we proposed a music segmentation method based on the music theme to provide users the capability to browse music segments by theme.
Motives, the concepts of the composer, are the basic elements of music themes. Music themes were constructed by motives. In order to segment music by themes, we have to discover motives. Most motives repeated in the music by some motivic treatment rules. Therefore, motives can be discovered by these rules.
We proposed the theme segmentation method. There are four steps. Firstly, we extract main melody from original music. In the second step, rough segments are generated from main melody by mining non-trivial repeating patterns. Then, motives are detected from rough segments. We modify the mining algorithm for discovering frequent patterns by applying motivic treatment rules proposed by Stein. Finally, we segment main melody based on the generated motives. Moreover, a system for segmentation of music in MIDI format was implemented.
Concerning the effectiveness evaluation of music segmentation, precision and recall are used in previous research. We proposed an effectiveness measure and corresponding algorithm to evaluate the accuracy of music segmentation. Experimental results show that our proposed music segmentation method achieves 65% accuracy.
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基於筆畫與結構分析之中文書法美感評估 / Aesthetic Evaluation of Chinese Calligraphy Based on Stroke and Structural Analysis林育如, Lin, Yuh Ru Unknown Date (has links)
中文書法經過了長久歷史的演變,已不單用來記錄事物,儼然成為了一種藝術。從古至今,有眾多書法大家和美學家撰寫書法專書,然而中文書法理論大多講述較抽象的技法,且在相關文獻鮮少之情況下難以具體將美感量化。本論文的目的為以電腦視覺角度解析中文書法筆畫與結構,找出影響書法美觀程度的視覺元素,並加以量化分析,透過機器學習機制,使電腦具有基本的書法鑑賞能力。有別於前人研究,我們提出6種描述整體楷書書法作品美感的特徵,包含排版工整度、字距掌握度、文字偏移程度、文字書寫大小穩定度、筆畫風格一致程度以及筆畫平滑程度。本研究蒐集書法比賽和素人作品共100張,每張皆經由一般母語為中文之受測者的評估,並且將得到的評分作為樣本的標籤,透過SVM辨識3個級別和5個級別的樣本,兩者皆有好的辨識效果。再者,我們將辨識結果轉換成美感分數,亦能真實呼應人工評分。透過我們的研究成果,期望能提供書法初學者在書法創作上的基礎參考標準。 / After a long history of evolution, Chinese calligraphy has transformed from a tool for writing to a unique form of art. Many publications regarding calligraphy writing techniques and appreciation have emerged along the way. Although the theory of Chinese calligraphy aesthetics is profound, it is difficult to define measures to quantify ‘beauty’ or ‘taste’. The objective of this research is to explore and extract relevant visual features for aesthetic evaluation of Chinese calligraphy using computer vision and machine learning techniques. Specifically, we propose six visual features to describe the quality of calligraphy work in Kai style, including layout, word separation, character offset, size regularity, style consistency and stroke uniformity. We then employ support vector machine (SVM) classifier to categorize the work into three or five levels of expertise. In both cases, good recognition results have been achieved. Furthermore, an aesthetic score can be obtained by converting the classification result with weighting factors. We hope that the evaluation result can assist beginners in identifying flaws in their writings and provide constructive suggestions to improve their skills in Chinese calligraphy.
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我國食品衛生管理政策執行之研究趙達瑜, ZHAO, DA-YU Unknown Date (has links)
隨著時代進步,生活型態的轉變、國民生活水準的提高以及近來不斷發生食品中毒事
件,使得原本並不受人重視的食品衛生管理工作倍受重視,因此引發聿者的研究動機
。本文的研究重點是欲從政策執行的角度找出影響我國食品衛生管理體系功能發揮的
癥結,進而提出改進建議,期望對我國國人生活品質的提高貢獻一分心力。
全文共分六章,約八萬餘言,各章要點如下:
第一章:緒論:說明本文的研究動機、目的、架構、方法與限制並界定本文重要名詞
與研究範圍。
第二章:食品衛生管理體系組織結構分析:首先介紹我國目前食品衛生管理組織及管
理工作現況,並針對組織結構方面的問題做一檢討。最後介紹美、日兩國的食品衛生
管理制度,以供參考。
第三章:食品衛生管理體系執行資源分析:本章分別從現有人員數量和專業知識、經
費、資訊、權威及設備等項目去分析我國食品衛生管理體系所擁有的執行資源並加以
檢討。
第四章:食品衛生管理體系人員態度傾向分析:本章將檢視目前衛生機關中執行食品
衛生管理政策人員的執行意願與士氣高低及其影響因素。
第五章:食品衛生管理體系溝通面向分析:本章欲明瞭在我國各級食品衛生管理機關
中對內執行指示傳達情形以及對外溝通尋求政策支持的各項措施與成效。
第六章:結論與建議:針對以上各章的發現撰寫本文結論,並提出各項改進建議,以
供各級食品衛生主管機關參考。
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台灣地區國中生家庭教育資源結構之探究及其與學業表現之關連蔡毓智, Tsai, Yuh Jyh Unknown Date (has links)
本研究採用台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫(TEPS)的調查結果,對當前台灣地區國中生家庭教育資源組成結構進行次級資料分析,並探討家庭教育資源與學生學業表現之間的關連性。本研究目的在對家庭教育資源概念提出一探索性概念模型,並經由結構分析的方式,探討家庭教育資源的組成面向之內部結構組成。經由類型學的分析方法,本研究企圖區分出家庭教育資源弱勢與優勢的不同類型,並進行不同類型之間與學業表現的比較。結果發現家庭教育資源的弱勢類型與優勢類型彼此之間的在學業表現上的確存有明顯差異。因此分析結果也驗證了本研究所提出之模型架構與學業表現之間的關連性。
本研究將家庭教育資源區分為經濟性資源與非經濟性資源等二個理論面向,進一步將經濟性資源區分為顯性經濟資源與隱性經濟資源等二個次要面向;而非經濟性資源區分為家庭組成型態、家庭成員互動、家長教育參與、以及家長教育職業等四個次面向。本研究在方法論上採取近似性結構分析方法對各個不同次面向的組成結構進行資源結構近似性之分析。透過結構近似性分析本研究發現不同的家庭教育資源之內部組成結構的確存在某些近似性類型。同時研究探討不同家庭教育資源結構組成類型與學業表現之間的關連性,茲將研究發現摘要如下:
一、家庭居住安排的不同類型中,家長是否缺位為最重要的居住安排類型;且家長是否缺位與學業表現有明顯的關連性存在。同時家庭子女數太多對學業表現也有不利影響。
二、家庭成員互動與學業表現有密切的關係,尤其是家長採取的不同管教方式與學業表現有關;同時親子之間不同的衝突型式所代表的資源性意義並不相同。
三、家長不同的教育參與對子女學業表現影響有所不同,家長在家庭內的教育參與行為與子女的學業表現有關;家長對子女的教育期望與子女的學業表現有明顯的關連;而家長對學校活動的參與在本研究中並未發現與子女學業表現有明顯相關。
四、家長教育職業背景與子女學業表現有明顯關係,低教育職業背景對子女有不利的影響;而高教育職業背景與學業表現有正面關連性存在。
五、家庭經濟資源,不管是顯性或隱性資源,與學生學業表現有明顯關連性存在。家庭經濟情況較佳者,家庭投入較多的資源提供子女學習各種課外活動者對學業表現有較為正面向影響;而家庭經濟情況較差者與從未參加過任何課外學習活動者學業表現較差。
綜言之,本研究發現缺位型家庭、手足人數較多、家長採取較為忽略消極型的管教、親子之間發生外向性衝突、家長低教育職業背景、家庭經濟情況較差、以及家庭從未投入任何課外活動學習資源的學生為弱勢類型的學生;反之,完整型家庭、手足人數較少、家長採取較為積極關心管教、家長關心子女的學業及生活、家長教育職業背景較高、家庭經濟情況較佳、以及持續提供資源供給子女學習課外活動者為相對優勢的類型。同時,弱勢與優勢類型相較,前者明顯對學業表現有不利的影響。根據研究結論建議,相關的教育工作政策制定者及執行者,以及研究者應該投入更多的資源對家庭教育資源弱勢類型的學生進行補救及輔導,以達成社會正義的目標。
除了發現家庭教育資源與學業表現之間的關連性外,本研究在方法論上也突破先前研究對於資料測量層次造成的限制,嘗試經由近似性結構分析的方法,對類別性的資料進行類型學的分析,從而擴大了不同的資料分析方法及概念建構的可行性。 / This study analyzes the constitution structure of family educational resources of Taiwan arena Junior High School students and its connection with academic achievement of students. The secondary data is adapted from Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS). The goal of this study is to propose an explorative conceptual framework of family educational resources, and investigate the internal constitution structure of its different constitutional dimensions. This study tries to distinguish the relative advantage and disadvantage types of family educational resources by typology method and make a comparison on academic achievement between these different types. The results show that there are significant differences between the advantage and disadvantage types on academic achievement. Accordingly, the results support our proposed model and its connection with academic achievement of students.
This study divide family educational resources into two different theoretical dimensions: economic and non-economic resources and subdivide the economic resources into two sub-dimensions of apparent and unapparent resources; subdivide the non-economic resources into four sub-dimensions of family constitution structure, family member interaction, parents involvement, and parents’ education and occupation.
The methodology of this study is to analyze the constitutional structures of these sub-dimensions by proximities structure analysis. The results show that there are similarities structure patterns within the constitutional structures of family educational resources. Meanwhile, the results show that there are connections between the different types of family educational resources and academic achievement. Author summarizes the findings as follows:
1. The different types of residential arrangements, the absence of parents is a very crucial type and is very obviously connection with academic achievement. The number of siblings is also crucial to academic achievement.
2. Family members’ interaction is crucial to academic achievement; especially the discipline styles of parents are influential to achievement of their children; meanwhile, the different conflict types of parents and children are very different resources meanings per se.
3. The different educational involvement behaviors are influential to children’s academic achievement, but it depends on the types of behaviors. Parents’ educational involvements within family are influential to children’s achievement; parents’ education expectations to their children are influential to their children; parents’ involvements with school are not found significant connections with academic achievement.
4. The education and occupation backgrounds of parents are found to be a very crucial factor to their children’s achievement, low level background is negative to achievement, and high level background is positive to achievement.
5. Family economic resources whichever apparent or unapparent are crucial to children’s achievement. Those who are richer and invest more resources on extraclass learning are found positive correlation with achievement; those who are poorer and never invest any resources on extraclass learning are found negative correlation with achievement.
To summarize, our research found that those who are parent absence, the number of siblings are more than three, parent’s discipline style is negative and ignored, extrovertive conflict between parents and children, low level of parents’ education and occupation background, the poor and the family never invest any resources on extraclass learning are the disadvantage type; in contrast, those who are parent are not absence, the number of siblings are less than two, parent’s discipline style are positive and concerned, parents concern about children’s learning, high level of parents education and occupation background, the richer and invest more on extraclass learning are advantage type. The two different types of family educational resources are different on academic achievement. The performances on academic achievement of the advantages are better than the disadvantages. For the ultimate goal of social justices, results suggest that the educational policy makers, the teachers and researchers should invest more resources on the disadvantages.
In additions, this study penetrates the limitations of data measurement level which distract earlier researchers. By proximities structures analysis method, we analyze the categorical data with typology methodology, and enlarge the landscape of secondary data analysis and possibilities of construction of conceptual frameworks.
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老人角色失落感、社會網路疏離感及經濟不安全感對生活適應之影響研究石成, SHI,CHENG Unknown Date (has links)
角色失落感、社會網路疏離感以及經濟不安全感乃老人心理的主觀傾向,在物質世界
中既看不見也摸不著。其測量之不易是顯而易見的。但是,它在主導老人生活適應上
的影響力卻又不容忽視。因此。本研究旨在探討老人在角色失落感、社會綱路疏離感
以及經濟不安全感是如何的影響老人的生活適應。
分析資料是採用問卷調查方式。以台北市65歲以上的老人為受訪對象。但由於受限於
時間及經費上的限制。樣本僅有250 個。不過樣本頒於松山、土林、古亭及雙園四層
區(請參考抽樣部分)。
整個分析過程包括兩個層次:一、為使用次數分配及百分比。用來描述背景因素的主
要特性。而有助於我們對樣本的了解;二、為利用共變數結構模型 (CSM)的分析來了
解老人角色失落感、社會綱路疏離感、經濟不安全感及其對老人生活適應等潛在變項
之因果關係。
第一部分以老人的物質(性別、年齡、省籍)、及老人角色失落感、社會綱絡疏離感、
經濟不安全感來探討樣本老人的大概情形。結果發現樣本老人中有身體體病痛者高達
69.2%(173位)。而且年齡越高這個情況越普遍。另外女性老人比男性老人在社交綱路
上有著較高的疏離感 48.7%:在省籍差異上。外省籍老人比本省籍的老人在社會綱路
疏離感及經濟不安全感上都有著較高的疏離感及不安全感。
第二部分經由共變數結構分析模型檢視的結果,老人角色失落感對老人生活適應的影
響不存在。而經濟不安全感與社會綱路疏離感的影響是存在的。不過經濟不安全感與
本研究所預期的方向不一致。
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整建住宅住戶社會網絡結構與影響更新因素之研究─以臺北市整建住宅社區個案為例 / A study on social network of reconstruction and the impacts of renewal─Take the resettled tenement community of Taipei as a case許德和 Unknown Date (has links)
在民國50年代興建的臺北市整建住宅社區(簡稱整宅)歷經近50年的超值使用及增建、違建的超負荷累贅,已使整宅更新改建議題,成為都市統理者與追求社會公平正義的都市計畫研究學者關注的焦點,自民國70年代就取得整宅更新迫切需求的共識,為何又歷經近30年的整宅更新研究與推動,遲遲不見整宅更新的明顯成效,令無數關心社會邊緣弱勢族群整宅住戶的研究學者苦研其癥結,思謀對策提供都市統理者發揮統合公權力,展現整宅更新決策執行的有效方法。
本研究鑑於整宅更新議題的學術研究,有從公私協力方向做實施思考者,有從容積獎勵的提高思考者,有從政府強制公權力排除整宅更新障礙思考者,其思考方向都在以整宅之外部因素做思量,欠缺由整宅住戶社會網絡結構思考者。而本研究除了關注整宅更新的外部因素,更注重整宅住戶的內部因素,也就是摒棄外部與內部的區隔,融洽內外部的更新因素,統合思考整宅更新的全面因素。
本研究就臺北市整建住宅社區全體23處做研究母體,以臺北市信義區吳興街二期整建住宅社區為研究樣本,做社區個案全體住戶普查,以住戶基本社經資料、社區內外部統合社會網絡互動關係,社區住戶關注的影響更新關鍵因素為問卷調查內容,加上對整宅更新研究學者、更新主管機關承辦人員、更新實施建築業者、更新規劃諮詢推展機構、不動產估價師、建築師及稅務、法律等整宅更新有深入鑽研的相關產、經、學界做全面深度訪談,探尋整宅更新現階段的法令規範,實施推展狀況,研究成果與心得,求出整宅更新現階段的阻礙難行癥結,藉資本研究主題的深入瞭解,使整宅更新的困境較清晰浮現,俾以謀求解決對策。
本研究結論:一、整建住宅社區更新有集體行動困境
二、關鍵行動者有信任危機與道德風險
三、不確定風險的承擔機制薄弱
四、選配房屋意願不容易滿足
五、建築融資責任主體有爭議
六、期待利益超越現實
七、政府對整宅社區更新輔導態度消極
本研究提出建議:一、政府依法展現公權力,強制排除非理性反對更新者,積極參與更新推展過程
二、建立社區強聯結管道,透明更新作業系統,爭取社區認同與支持
三、建立風險管控機制 / The Taipei Resettled Tenement Communities were formed in the early years, However; Resettled projects are stalled mostly by reasons of - over usage, increasing buildings and buildings constructed without licenses. Those reasons make resettled tenement communities become to be a new issue to a lot of researchers and scholars. Renewal and /or reconstruction are urgent needed in these communities nowadays.
According to academic researches of renewal issue, there are thinking points from public and private interests and bonus regulation, but there is no taking point from the social network of reconstruction. Not only the renewal elements of resettled tenement, but also the residents are the focus of my research. Through those elements deliberate the impacts of renewal.
The research takes 21 resettled tenement communities of Taipei city as a population. During the communities the second period of the resettled tenement community in Wu-Xing St as a research sample carries out a census. From those residential backgrounds, interaction of social network in communities and the impacts of renewal as the questionnaire and makes an in-depth interview from people of industry, economy and academy. The key of the questionnaire consists of residential background, interaction of social network in communities, the impacts of renewal and the interview of specialists in industry, economy and academy. Finally, we can understand the bottleneck of renewal and the strategy for solution.
It concluded in seven points: (1) the dilemma of collective actor. (2) the crisis from key actor. (3) the weak mechanism to uncertainly risk. (4) the unsatisfied willing of chosen house. (5) the debt in reconstructed finance. (6) the overtaking interests. (7) the passive attitude from government. It provided several suggestions that one is government should exclude irrational against in forced and positively to participate the process of renewal. The other is to build up connection in community, to purify the work of renewal, and to strive for support and identification in community. Thirdly is to build up mechanism to carry on risk.
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