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近數十年來，由於國際關係日益密切，國際事務日漸紛雜，亦由於電訊事業之突飛猛進，促使國際傳播日趨頻繁，而國際政治傳播更成為各國促進瞭解，實現外交政策之重要工具。 早在一九四二年羅斯福總統時代，美國即成立戰時新聞局（Office of Wat Information），從事全球性之宜傳與心戰工作。其後幾經演變，到一九五三年艾森豪總統時代，成立了美國新聞總署（United States Information Agency）。並在海外設立美國新聞處（United States Information Service），從事各項新聞與文化活動。 「學生英文雜誌」就是美國新聞總署所屬臺灣美國新聞處之一刊物，它以我國大專青年學生為主要傳播對象，免費供應。就本文作者觀察所得，部分學生對該雜誌甚感興趣，除藉此以瞭解美國外，並作為學習英語之課外讀物；但亦有部分學生一言認定其為美國政府之宣傳品，不屑一顧。二者所見，是否正确？此乃本文研究之動機。謹愛擬就該雜誌之傳播目的與技術加以探討，並以之為我政府從事類似政治傳播之借鏡。 本文共分五章，第一章為緒論，首就美國新聞處及學生英文雜誌加以簡單介紹，並提出研究重心。第二章說明研究方法。第三章為資料分析，就該雜誌內容主題加以區分，以瞭解其傳播目的，並探討其所運用之傳播技術。第四章為討論與評價，首先討論一般宣傳之原則與技術。作為評價該雜誌及提供建議之依據。第五章為結論。 本文之撰寫多承吾師徐佳士先生指導，並蒙吳南軒先生，呂俊甫先生賜教，外交部情報司司長魏煜孫博士會就本文「宣傳之一般原則與技巧」一節加以審閱及提供意見，美國新聞處可諾普（Robert B.Knopes）君及其助手等曾就學生英文雜誌之取材與編輯提供寶貴資料，謹此一併致最誠懇之謝意。 第一章　緒論 第一節 美國新聞總署的成立與功能 第二節 臺灣美國新聞處與學生英文雜誌 第三節 問題的形成與研究重心 第二章 研究方法 第一節 內容分析之運用 第二節 選樣 第三節 測量之類目與單位 第三章 資料分析 第一節 「學生英文雜誌」內容主題區分 第二節 「學生英文雜誌」塑造映象之範圍 第三節 學生英文雜誌傳播技術之探討 第四章 討論與評價 第一節 宣傳之一般原則與技巧 第二節 「學生英文雜誌」評價 第五章 結論 參考書目

李嘉賢. / "2002年6月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2002. / 參考文獻 (leaves 135-143) / 附中英文摘要. / "2002 nian 6 yue" / Li Jiaxian. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 135-143) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一節 --- 穆時英背景介紹 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 穆時英與新感覺派 --- p.6 / Chapter 第三節 --- 穆時英小說硏究槪述 --- p.12 / Chapter 第四節 --- 本文硏究槪述 --- p.27 / Chapter 第二章 --- 都市的再現 --- p.31 / Chapter 第一節 --- 引言 --- p.31 / Chapter 第二節 --- 敘述時間 --- p.32 / Chapter 第三節 --- 節奏 --- p.42 / Chapter 第四節 --- 語句試驗 --- p.47 / Chapter 第五節 --- 顏色 --- p.54 / Chapter 第六節 --- 意象 --- p.60 / Chapter 第七節 --- 結語：萬花筒似的都市 --- p.63 / Chapter 第三章 --- 都市與情慾 --- p.65 / Chapter 第一節 --- 引言 --- p.65 / Chapter 第二節 --- 穆時英情慾小說的異常現象 --- p.69 / Chapter 第三節 --- 評論者對穆時英情慾小說異常現象的「反應」 --- p.87 / Chapter 第四節 --- 從「敘述盲區」看穆時英情慾小說的異常現象 --- p.90 / Chapter 第五節 --- 結語 --- p.97 / Chapter 第四章 --- 「反都市」意識 --- p.99 / Chapter 第一節 --- 引言 --- p.99 / Chapter 第二節 --- 角色設計 --- p.100 / Chapter 第三節 --- 場景設置一一絶望的空間 --- p.108 / Chapter 第四節 --- 物化的人物描寫 --- p.112 / Chapter 第五節 --- 天堂、遠方意象 --- p.118 / Chapter 第六節 --- 城ˇёإ對立 --- p.121 / Chapter 第七節 --- 異國情調 --- p.128 / Chapter 第八節 --- 結語 --- p.131 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.132 / 參考書目 --- p.135 / 附錄一：穆時英發表於文學雜誌的作品 --- p.144 / 附錄二 ：穆時英小說結集情況 --- p.146 / 附錄三：穆時英小說被編入選集情況 --- p.150 / 附錄四:穆時英寫作的雜文及其他 --- p.153 / 附錄五：穆時英與文學史 --- p.157 / 附錄六：有關穆時英硏究的論文 --- p.161 / 附錄七：穆時英小說所見外來語表 --- p.165 / 附錄八：穆時英小說所見顏色字表 --- p.177

在 1979 年保守黨執政前的四十年可說是凱因斯理論盛行的時代，當時世界經濟陷入蕭條，失業人口遽增，故凱因斯提出以財政政策來調節「市場失靈」的現象。不過自 1970 年代後期，由於二次石油危機之衝擊，各地皆有物價持續上漲、失業率居高不下的經濟難題，此種停滯性膨脹之經濟情況已非凱因斯理論所能解釋，故經濟學家只好另謀解決之道。 1970 年代以 Friedman 為首的貨幣學派乘勢興起，其理論哲學認為一切總體問題之根源皆起於貨幣管理不當，因此欲解決通貨膨脹問題，其第一要務即為控制貨幣供給。自保守黨上台以來，即謹守著貨幣學派的理念，不僅強調貨幣數量之控制，亦注重供給面之成長以恢復經濟之生產力。 在柴契爾執政期間所推出的重要具體措施--中期財金策略( Medium-term Financial Strategy ，MTFS)即是以貨幣學派之理念為基礎的政府計畫。主要內容即是藉由 ￡M3 之執行成效外，本文就構成 PSBR 的兩面，支出面與收入面另有專章討論。 對於構成 PSBR 的支出面，吾人將要探討政府支出結構之變化、總支出占 GDP 之規模，以及是否達成保守黨欲縮減支出規模的目標。另外，對於移轉性支付中的社會安全制度，特別探討其造成「貧窮陷阱」及「失業陷阱」對經濟活動有何不良的影響，以及有何改進之道。 接著探討構成 PSBR 的收入面，吾人針對民營化收入及租稅收入進行討論。民營化之收益豐富，但終有出售殆盡的一天，故應注重其在預算中的列示方式及其用途。租稅方面則談到保守黨著名的重課消費、輕課所得理論，認為直接稅負擔有礙私人經濟誘因，故應大幅減輕。但實際的統計資料卻顯示間接稅負擔的確有所增加，但直接稅之負擔卻不見得減少。 最後，基於市場經濟力量萬能的理念，凡是私人能夠做好的事，政府皆不應干預，故政府在財政方面應力求預算平衡，如此才能將資源導入最有效率之途徑，公私部門間之報酬率相等，唯有當混合經濟體系取得平衡才能達到消除通貨膨脹、促進經濟成長之目的。

在網際網路眾多功能當中，溝通是重要的活動之一，網際網路溝通式活動包含了電子郵件，電子布告欄等。網際網路溝通式活動具備的一些特性，例如互動性，以及真實語言與情境的使用使得網際網路溝通式活動在英語教學上漸漸成為重要的輔助工具。本篇論文旨在從英語教學理論與應用兩方面探討網際網路溝通式活動於英語教學上之應用。在理論層面，本論文主要從溝通式教學法，以及其他英語教學上重要的理論依據來剖析網際網路溝通式活動。在實際應用方面，本論文對於國內外老師運用網際網路溝通式活動的情形作了一個調查研究。從理論與應用情形的調查結果發現，網際網路溝通式活動對於英語教學確實有其正面意義，不過結果也顯示在應用的過程中亦有一些問題存在，如何解決這些問題以及如何設計良好的網際網路教學活動以促使網際網路溝通式活動能成為有效的教學輔助工具則必須更多的教師與專家們共同努力研究。 / With the rapid development of the computer technology, the computer network has been widely introduced into everyday life around the world. Communication is an important function provided by the Internet. The computer-mediated communication (CMC) system provides an interactive and communicative environment for users to share ideas and exchange messages. Due to the various characteristics, the CMC system has gradually become an important facilitator in EFL/ESL education. In the study, the CMC system is investigated from the theoretical base and the practical aspect. In the theoretical aspect, the CMC system is thought to be effective in facilitating EFL/ESL education from the latest EFL/ESL theories or approaches. In the practical aspect, a survey is designed to investigate the implementation of the CMC system around the world and in Taiwan. The results of the survey show that in face of various CMC tools, many college teachers in Taiwan still have little idea about them, and the CMC activities that are implemented in Taiwan seem to be fewer and lack of variety when compared with those around the world. As for the benefits and problems of the CMC activities for EFL/ESL teaching, most teachers think that the CMC activities have brought many benefits in facilitating EFL/ESL teaching, but some problems still exist so as to decrease the effect of teaching. From the general discussion, some suggestions and implications for EFL/ESL teaching are proposed in the study.

本論文之研究目的，是欲解答以下兩個問題：第一，臺灣民主化的方式與動力為何？第二，能否以臺灣民主化的經驗，解釋中國大陸的民主現況，並探測其民主前景？在方法上，本論文以民主化的方式為依變項，以民主化的動力為自變項，建構出本論文的理論架構。 在民主化的方式上，本論文提出用「選舉競爭程度」與「政府職位開放選舉程度」作為衡量的指標，並構成政體性質定位圖，以觀察民主化的程度與過程。在民主化的動力上，則分成兩部份探討：第一部份是反對精英的努力，以「理念」、「組織」、「運動」等三項指標為分析的架構。第二部份是執政精英的改變，本論文根據「策略互動論」提出三個問題作為分析的依據：第一個問題是，「統治階層內部是否產生改革派？」第二個問題是，「若產生改革派，則改革派與政治反對勢力的關係為何？」第三個問題是，「統治階層分化的結果，是改革派佔優勢，還是強硬派佔優勢？」經過上述三個問題的分析，可以得出精英策略互動的四種結果，與政治發展的七條路徑。 本論文之研究發現，臺灣的民主化，明顯表現在政府職位的開放選舉上，且民主化的過程，並非呈直線上升，而是呈現U字形的變化。至於臺灣民主化的動力，則可歸納為三點：第一，反對精英的努力；第二，統治階層的分裂；第三，改革派與反對精英的結盟。中國大陸的政體性質，目前介於 「競爭性的威權政體」與「封閉的霸道政體」之間，且短期內並無民主化的可能，主要是政治反對勢力仍無足夠力量來促使中共的統治階層作出改變。經由兩岸的比較，本論文得出以下七點有助於民主化的出現：第一，反對運動持續時間長且連續；第二，反對運動的理念未被執政者的反訴求抵銷；第三，反對運動的組織成員，其學經歷屬於中產階級；第四，反對運動的運動形式能以選舉為主，群眾運動為輔；第五，統治階層出現主張實現政治民主化的改革派；第六，統治階層面臨內外危機；第七，改革派掌權的時間較長。

英特爾於數位電子看板策略之分析 / Digital Signage has gradually replaced traditional static signage and is becoming a popular way to draw customers’ attention and to deliver the advertisement content more efficiently. There are many benefits of digital signage over traditional static signage. The most important three benefits are: more vivid and attractive advertisement content can be delivered to customers, advertisement content can be changed or updated more economically and efficiently through networks, and digital signage can be easily integrated with other applications, such as Kiosk, Point of Sales (POS), ATM machine…etc. According to various market reports, the ROI of digital signage is in the range of 1 to 10 times over traditional static signage. US digital signage market alone grew one third in 2009 as indicated by ABIresearch. A digital signage platform would at least consist of a LCD panel and a media player where the advertisement content might be stored locally in the media player or streamed in a real-time manner from a content server located in a network or internet to the media player. The market leaders in digital signage segment used to be panel makers such as NEC Display, Sony, LG Electronics, Samsung, Panasonic, Sharp, AUO, Chimei…etc. However, the rapid growth of the worldwide digital signage market has attracted the attention of Information Technology (IT)-oriented companies such as Cisco, Hewlett Packard, DELL and industry PC (IPC) board or system markers to provide their products as the media players based on platforms provided by Intel, AMD, or other microprocessors manufacturers. This case study would like to look into why Intel is interested in this industry and what its strategy is. In addition, SWOT analysis will be conducted and suggestions will be given to help Intel expand its market share in this vertical.

This study was conducted to investigate the eighth graders’ English learning difficulty in the Shi-Shi Junior High School. Based on the previous researchers’ similar points of view, it is concluded that students’ learning difficulty is associated with three dimensions, including the school factors, personal factors, and family factors. The three dimensions were related to students’ English learning difficulty. The research methods incorporated qualitative such as in-depth interviewing and quantitative methods such as descriptive statistics and T-test. 120 students participated in the survey, and ten students and three teachers took part in the in-depth interviewing. According to the result, such factors as the teachers’ teaching and explaining ways and their shortage of interest in English have led to students’ English learning difficulty. Female students are bombarded with more English learning difficulty associated with emotional problems such as their bias toward their English teachers and parents’ expectation. Students retrogressing in the junior high school encounter more English learning difficulty, including the gap between their English learning in the elementary school and that in the junior high school and their parents’ expectation. Too many exams, the usage of the present English textbook, the learning gap, students’ shortage of interest in English learning, their previous learning experience of failure, and their learning pressure contributed to the English learning difficulty of students with lower achievement. Suggestions are offered based on the research consequence.

本研究藉由文件分析、文獻分析、比較分析、歸納分析及實地訪談等研究方法，分析教師評鑑的理論基礎、教師評鑑的性質與內涵、及探究英國教師評鑑制度之發展、內涵與特色，並對我國未來建立教師評鑑制度提出具體建議。 經由上述研究，獲致以下結論： 一、教師評鑑在教育專業化的趨勢中扮演著重要的角色。 二、教師評鑑具有多元化的目的。 三、教師評鑑模式應配合評鑑目的與對象及教育發展而作彈性調整。 四、英國教師評鑑制度是逐漸發展且有其特殊背景。 五、透過立法程序是教師評鑑工作制度化的重要關鍵。 六、觀念的宣導及地方性的實驗研究是教師評鑑制度重要的前導工作。 七、周延的程序及多元的目的是順利推動教師評鑑的重要因素。 八、充分的時間與資源是教師評鑑持續推動的關鍵要素。 九 、教師評鑑不是獨立的工作而是學校整體經營的一環。 十、教師評鑑必須結合相關教育政策才能發揮相輔相成效果。 十一、我國中小學教師成績考核亟需檢討修正。 十二、英國中小學教師評鑑制度足供我國參考。 十三、 建立我國教師評鑑制度時機已趨成熟。 根據研究發現及結論，本研究從以下三方面提出建議： 一、對改進我國現行中小學教師成績考核制度缺失之建議：重新界定教師成績考核之目的；重新規範教師評鑑之範圍；建立多元化的教師成績考核方式；重新建立合適的教師成績考核程序；健全考核委員會之組織；擴大教師成績考核結果之運用；健全教師成績考核申訴制度；明定各級主管教育行政機關應有的角色。 二、對建立我國教師評鑑制度之建議：研究者提出下列五個階段，供作建立我國教師評鑑制度之參考：研議階段；宣導溝通階段；建立共識階段；法制化階段；正式實施階段。 三、對未來研究之建議：持續對先進國家教師評鑑制度進行深入探究；鼓勵學校進行教師評鑑的實驗研究；從事教師評鑑與教師專業發展、學校發展及教育品質關係的實證研究；進行教師評鑑與獎金及薪資關係的實證研究；加強現行教師成績考核制度之研究。 / By means of documents analysis, literature analysis, comparison, induction, and field work of interview, this research is aimed at investigating both the theoretic basis, the nature, and the meaning of teacher appraisal, and the development, the structure and the characteristics of British system of teacher appraisal. Furthermore, some practical suggestions are put forward for our teacher appraisal here. Conclusion 1. Teacher appraisal plays an important role in the trend of the professional ization of educational enterprise. 2. Teacher appraisal possesses multifarious purposes. 3. The mode of teacher appraisal should be flexibly modified according to the purpose, the target of educational appraisal, and the educational development. 4. The system of British teacher appraisal had developed stet by step and has its particular background. 5. The process of legalization is the key factor in the institutionalization of Teacher appraisal. 6. Both the dissemination of ideas and the regional experiments and studies are the significant prerequisites of teacher appraisal. 7. Complete and detailed procedures and multifarious goals are the key elements in the success of teacher appraisal. 8. Sufficient time and resources are important for promotion of teacher appraisal. 9. Teacher appraisal is part of, rather than independent of, the whole system of school education. 10. Teacher appraisal and educational policy should be connected with each other for the most benefits. 11. It is necessary to examine and modify our system of both middle and primary school teacher appraisal. 12. British system of middle and primary school teacher appraisal can be referred to for the improvement of ours. Suggestions 1. The suggestions about how to advance our current system of middle and primary school teacher appraisal. (1) Redefine the purpose of teacher's achievement assessment. (2) Rebuild the range of teach appraisal. (3) Establish multifarious ways of teacher achievement assessment. (4) Reproduce the suitable procedure of teacher's achievement assessment. (5) Reorganize the assessment committee. (6) Extpand the application of the consequences of teacher achievement assessment. (7) Ameliorate the appealing system of teacher's achievement assessment. (8) Specify clearly the de jure roles of educational organizations at every levels. 2. The suggestions about how to establish our system of teacher appraisal. Five steps are raised as follows: (1) The stage of planning; (2) The stage of dissemination and communiction; (3) The stage of the formation of consensus; (4) The stage of legalization; (5) The stage of implementation. 3. The suggestions for the future (1) Keep on investigating in depth the teacher appraisal systems in developed countries. (2) Encourage the school authority to take action on the experiment and studies of teacher appraisal. (3) Take up the empirical studies of the relationships among teacher appraisal, teachers' professional development, and educational quality. (4) Carry out the empirical studies of the relationship among teacher appraisal, scholarship, and pay system. (5) Strengthen the studies of the current assessment system of teachers' performance.

本研究旨在瞭解桃園縣市國民中學英語資優教育實施現況及相關問題，並探討桃園縣市設有英語資優班之國民中學，95年度資優教育評鑑後之實施現況與95年度資優教育評鑑結果之關係，最後提出建議供教育行政單位及學校規劃執行英語資優教育之參考。 本研究以自編之「桃園縣國民中學英語資優教育實施問卷」為調查研究工具，以桃園縣市6所設有英語資優班國民中學之教育人員為問卷調查對象，計回收有效問卷265份，所得資料以SPSS for Windows 12.0統計套裝軟體進行統計分析，之後根據問卷調查之結果，訪談桃園縣市英語資優班學校之校長、主任、組長、導師等7名，主要結論如下： 一、桃園縣市國民中學英語資優教育整體實施現況良好，平均值為 3.89，各面向平均值在3.53以上。 二、桃園縣資優教育評鑑實施成效良好。 根據研究結果，對行政單位及學校建議如下： 一、給予各校特教推行委員會應有的重視與協助。 二、重新評估並調整特教通報系統之資料。 三、辦理教師在職進修英語資優教育相關學分。 四、提出獎勵辦法，增進親師生參與相關活動的意願。 五、妥善規劃英語資優教育相關配套措施。 六、增設資優教育組，負責英語資優班相關業務。 七、建立校內外人才庫，供學校彈性運用。 八、各校應明確訂定英語資優班學生的進退場機制，並確實執行。 九、加強執行資優班學生之輔導工作。 / The study aimed to realize the implementation and related issues of English gifted education of junior high schools in Taoyuan area and to explore the relation between the implementation and the outcome of the gifted education evaluation in the 2006th academic year. Based on the findings from this study, some suggestions were given lastly as reference for both the school gifted education administrators and educators. The research adopted the self-made “The questionnaire of the English gifted education implementation of the junior high schools in Taoyuan County” as the investigation measure. The educators in six junior high schools having English gifted classes are the investigation subjects of the questionnaire. 265 effective samples were received and analyzed with the SPSS statistic software (for Windows 12.0). Afterwards, the interview outline was drawn up according to the statistic analysis. Seven educators related to the English gifted class in Taoyuan City were interviewed. Finally, the statistic and interview results were analyzed and anatomized, and the conclusions were given below: 1. The implementation of the junior high school English gifted education in Taoyuan area is good. 2. The effect of the evaluation of the gifted education in Taoyuan area is good. According to the result of the research, the suggestions for the administrators and the school were summarized as follows: 1. To pay attention to and provide assistance to the special education promotion committee (SEPC) in each school 2. To assist teachers to take in-service learning courses regarding English gifted education 3. To make good plans for relative measures of English gifted education 4. To put into practice and take effect the criterion for gifted students to enter or exit the English gifted classes 5. To enhance the counseling for English gifted students Key Words: gifted evaluation English gifted