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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

探討護理人員工作風險認知、生涯發展與離職傾向之關聯性研究

蔡良嘉 Unknown Date (has links)
我國國民年所得近年來逐漸提昇至開發中國家水準,當國人日益重視生活品質與身體健康的相關議題時,與健康照護最相關的護理人員流動性卻一直高居不下。根據衛生署的統計,2012年國內醫院護士的離職率創下近幾年來的高峰,高達20%的離職率。 本文以數所醫院及護理之家、養護中心的護理人員作為研究對象,主要研究目的為:了解護理人員工作風險認知與生涯發展,以及離職傾向現況;檢視護理人員工作風險認知與離職傾向間之關聯性,以及生涯發展與離職傾向間之關聯性;經過建立假說、設計與回收問卷、統計分析等流程,提出八項結論,包含 (1)「年齡」對於「離開現有工作的欲望」有顯著負向影響。(2)「工作任職年資」對於「更換工作容易程度」有顯著正向影響。(3)「責任風險的受害性」對「離開現有工作的欲望」有顯著正相關,而「責任風險的自我規避能力」對「離開現有工作的欲望」有顯著負相關。(4)「專業證照生涯發展」對「離開現有工作的欲望」有顯著正相關。(5)「臨床護理工作風險的暴害程度」與「離開現有工作的欲望」呈現顯著負相關。(6)「臨床護理工作風險的自我規避能力」與「更換工作容易程度」呈現顯著正相關。(7)「責任風險的受害性」與「更換工作容易程度」呈現顯著正相關。(8)「責任風險的受害性」對於「離開現有工作的欲望」以及「更換工作容易程度」都呈現顯著正相關;「責任風險的自我規避能力」與「離開現有工作的欲望」呈現顯著的負相關。 最後對各項結論提出建議,期望給各醫院、護理之家或養護中心參考,讓這些機關透過管理機制、教育訓練制度等方面著手,減少護理專業人員的流動率。
2

風險認知、危機溝通策略與形象報導之關聯—以兩岸媒體對「杜邦鐵氟龍事件」的報導為例

莊靜怡 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以「杜邦鐵氟龍事件」為個案,海峽兩岸的媒體報導為研究對象,描述與比較媒體報導所呈現的杜邦公眾風險認知、杜邦的危機溝通策略與媒體形象報導,並以杜邦的媒體形象報導作為應變項,進行變項間的關聯性研究,藉跨地區的比較,討論背後可能的文化意涵。 本研究的主要研究結果分成三部分: (一)風險認知:研究結果顯示,「個人暴露於風險之中」「後果嚴重」「對風險有控制權」三項風險特質,最能解釋和預測公眾感到危險的程度。在杜邦與其公眾的比較上,杜邦較常採用量化或然率來詮釋風險,作為其否認風險危害的輔助工具。在海峽兩岸的比較方面,呈現在台灣媒體報導中的公眾,比較認為風險的「後果嚴重」,中國大陸的媒體報導裡,公眾則較感到該風險「可佈」、對於該風險的相關知識較低。 (二)危機溝通:研究結果發現,杜邦最常使用「否認」、「提供資訊」、「討好」策略,貫徹了「相信,而不是原諒杜邦」的訴求。此外,杜邦在二地所採取的危機溝通策略並無顯著差異,杜邦並未因應地區不同而改變溝通策略。在組織形象報導方面,分析結果顯示,杜邦在「道德」、「信譽」方面遭受到質疑,與中國大陸媒體報導相比較,杜邦在台灣媒體報導所呈現的形象,信譽較低、較不能信任。 (三)風險認知與危機溝通間的關聯:研究結果顯示,危機溝通策略和媒體對杜邦的形象報導間,並無顯著關聯,不過風險認知對於杜邦形象報導的影響達到顯著水準,當公眾的風險認知愈高,組織形象報導愈差,而風險認知影響組織形象報導的程度,台灣大於中國大陸。此外,本研究分別檢驗地區差異、風險認知作為危機溝通策略和形象報導間中介變項的可能性,結果發現,危機溝通策略和風險認知會交互影響組織形象報導,風險認知作為危機溝通策略與組織形象報導中介變項的關聯效果模式,獲得支持。 本研究根據上述發現,對「風險認知」和「危機溝通」作出理論與實務上的回應與建議。
3

勞工對工作場所安全衛生認知與影響之研究--以加油站為例-- / A study on workers’ cognition of workplace health and safety and its influences --using a gas station as an example--

張嘉成, Chang, Chia Chen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在瞭解加油站勞工對工作場所安全衛生認知與影響現況,探討個人屬性與安全衛生風險認知之關聯性、個人屬性與安全衛生影響之關聯性及安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響間關聯性,研究並提供為主管機關改善勞工安全衛生及勞工強化本身安全衛生認知參考,俾能建立加油站勞工對工作現場安全衛生正確的認知進而發揮正面的影響,有效降低加油站意外事故發生之頻率,提供加油站勞工安全健康的工作環境並使每位到加油站;加油、購物、洗車、保養車輛的消費者皆能同樣享受優質的服務與安全的保障。 本研究經實證研究分析歸納結果如下: 一、個人基本資料部份,加油站勞工性別以男性占64.7%較高,年齡分佈以21-30歲占56.9%較高, 教育程度以大學占70.9%較高,安全衛生訓練頻率以2次以下占73.1%較高,勞工工作年資以ㄧ年以下占42.2%較高。 二、安全衛生風險認知部份,以「加油站應嚴禁煙火」同意度最高佔76.9%,可見絕大多數的人同意加油站應嚴禁煙火。其次是「油罐車裝卸油料會造成空氣污染且容易造成火災」同意度佔70.6%,可見絕大多數的人認為油罐車裝卸油料具有潛在危險性且容易造成空氣污染。 三、安全衛生影響部份,1.對自我要求構面分析以「你會參加公司舉辦之安全衛生教育訓練」題項同意度最高佔64.1%,可見絕大多數的人會參加公司舉辦之安全衛生教育訓練。以「你在工作過程中會經常保持高度的警覺性」題項同意度最低佔48.1%,可見絕大多數的加油站勞工在工作過程中注意力往往不集中,缺乏高度警覺性容易造成工作場所工安事故。2.對顧客要求構面分析以第29題「你發現加油車輛未熄火加油,你會拒絕加油」同意度最高佔71.9%,可見絕大多數的人認同加油車輛應熄火加油。以「你發現顧客在加油站使用手機,你會立即制止」同意度最低佔56.5%,可見顧客大多缺乏此危機意識,加油站應加強宣導3.對同儕要求構面分析以「你發現同仁加油時未穿著防護具,如安全鞋、口罩……你會主動告知」同意度最高佔69%,加油站具有潛在危害例如化學性、物理性…等,應嚴格要求每位現場勞工應穿著防護具,以確保工作安全性。4.對公司與工作環境要求構面分析以「你發現有人在加油站動火,你會立即出面制止並告知主管」題項同意度最高佔76.9%,顯示一般勞工對加油站嚴禁煙火具有正確的觀念,遇到有人在加油站動火會立即制止並告知主管作進一步處置。以「你發現加油站不明人士逗留或放置不明物品時你會立即向主管反應」題項同意度最低佔54.3%,未達60%水準顯示加油站現場勞工極可能因工作量較大或缺乏要與教育訓練較缺乏危機意識,當不明人士逗留或放置不明物品,未能立即向主管反映,應加強訓練並實施緊急應變演練。 四、安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響二者關聯性分析表實證發現,個人屬性對安全衛生風險認知具有部分正面關聯性、個人屬性與安全衛生影響具有部份正面關聯性,安全衛生風險認知與安全衛生影響具有正面關聯性。 / This study aims to explore the current conditions of the gas station laborers’ knowledge of their workplace and its influences, to find out the relationship between personal properties and knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, the relationship between personal properties and influences on safety and sanitation, and the relationship between knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation. This study provides the related authorities references for improving safety and sanitation for laborers and increasing their knowledge of safety and sanitation. This way, gas station laborers can learn the correct knowledge of safety and sanitation of their workplaces and there will be positive influences, effectively reducing chances of accidents in gas stations, providing gas station laborers safe and healthy working environments, and making sure that every consumer who goes to a gas station to fill up the gas tank of his car, shop, or have his car washed or maintained can enjoy the same high-quality services and guarantee of safety. After the empirical analysis, the summaries of this study are listed below: 1. In the aspect of personal attributes, gas station laborers are mainly male (64.7%). Most of them are of ages between 21 and 30 (56.9%). As for educational background, most of them (70.9%) had graduated from universities. And their frequencies of safety and sanitation trainings are mainly 2 or less (73.1%). Their seniorities are mainly under 1 year (42.2%). 2. In the aspect of influences on safety and sanitation, (1) the highest percentage of the self-discipline construct is the percentage of agreeing with “I will participate in the safety and sanitation training provided by my company”, which is 64.1%. It is obvious that most people would participate in the safety and sanitation trainings provided by their companies. The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “I am always on guard while working”, which is 48.1%. It is obvious that most gas station laborers are not concentrated at work. Lack of alertness may lead to accidents; (2) the highest percentage of the customers’ requirements construct is the percentage of agreeing with question #29 “I would refuse to fill the tank when I find the engine of the tank truck is still running”, which is 71.9%. It is obvious that most people agree engines of tank trucks should be turned off. . The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find a customer using his cell phone in a gas station, I would stop him”, which is 56.5%. It is obvious that most customers are not aware of the danger of using cell phones and gas stations should promote this concept; (3) the highest percentage of the collegues’ requirements construct is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find my colleague not wearing protection such as safety shoes, mask, etc, I would tell him”, which is 69%. There are potential dangers in gas stations such as chemical and physical dangers. It is necessary to ask every laborer working at gas stations to wear protection to ensure their safety at work; and (4) the highest percentage of the requirements from the company and workplace construct is the percentage of agreeing with “when I see someone using fire in a gas station, I would stop him and notify the manager there”, which is 76.9%. It means that general laborers have the correct concept of fire being banned in gas stations and they would notify their supervisors for further actions. The lowest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “when I find a suspicious person hanging around a gas station or placing a suspicious object there, I would notify the manager”, which is 54.3%. The percentage is lower than 60%. This means gas station laborers’ awareness of danger is not sufficient due to their workloads or lack of training. Therefore they do not know they should immediately notify their supervisors when a suspicious person hangs around or places a suspicious object in a gas station. Their training should be improved and emergency response exercises should be conducted. 3. In the aspect of knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, the highest agreeing percentage of agreement is the percentage of agreeing with “fire should be banned in gas stations”, which is 76.9%. It is obvious that most people agree fire should be banned in gas stations. The second highest percentage is the percentage of agreeing with “tank trucks refilling gas stations may cause air pollution and increase the chance of fire”, which is 70.6%. It is obvious that most people agree tank trucks refilling gas stations is potentially dangerous and may cause air pollution. 4. After conducting the empirical analysis of the relationship between knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation, it is found that personal attributes are partially positively related to knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation, personal attributes are partially positively related to influences on safety and sanitation, and knowledge of risks of safety and sanitation and influences on safety and sanitation are positively related.
4

財富管理投資人理財風險認知之研究 / The study of the financial risk awareness of wealth management clients

涂忠泉 Unknown Date (has links)
2008年10月美國次級房貸風暴導致世界各大投資銀行面臨鉅額虧損,在經歷本次嚴重的金融危機後,國人對於理財風險認知程度有否變化?以及選擇金融理財顧問的標準將會如何轉變?基於以上研究動機,本研究首先探討有關金融危機前後投資者之背景變數,對理財風險認知,以及金融危機前後和理財風險認知對金融理財顧問特質偏好之影響,最後依據研究結果提出建議供銀行業者參考。本研究採用問卷調查法蒐集原始資料,以驗證相關的研究問題和假設。研究結果如下: ㄧ、在金融危機前後投資人的理財風險認知,在與理財顧問的關係上有顯著差異。金融危機前投資人與理財顧問的關係似乎較為緊密,也相對信任理財顧問。而金融危機後投資人並不認為理財顧問很會資產配置、也不覺得理財顧問值得信賴。 二、為了進一步探討金融危機前後投資人理財風險認知的不同是否影響對理財顧問特質偏好,本研究以邏輯斯迴歸模型進行分析。邏吉斯迴歸分析之實證發現,金融危機前客戶的理財風險認知與金融危機後客戶的理財風險認知呈現明顯差異。金融危機前投資人與理財顧問的關係似乎較為緊密,也相對信任理財顧問。而金融危機後投資人並不認為理財顧問很會資產配置、也不覺得理財顧問值得信賴。
5

審計人員對審計抽樣α及β風險認知程度之研究

林松宏, LIN, SONG-HONG Unknown Date (has links)
本文係以審計抽樣α及β風險為研究範圍,旨在探討我國會計師事務所審計人員對α 及β風險之認知程度。α與β風險係一種相對性的觀念,前者涉及審計效率(Effic- iency ),後者則涉及審計效果(Effectiveness ),兩者在認知上之差距均足以影 響審計人員之專業判斷,從而損及其形象、聲譽。 在本文中,首先探討有關審計風險之定義,並探究其形成原因;其次則將審計風險依 抽樣方法與審計程序之不同加以分類,並提出其數量模型,俾使審計人員對整體審計 風險之控制有深刻的瞭解。再者則提出「古典模式」「貝氏決策理論模式」及「貨幣 單位抽樣模式」等有關α及β的控制模型詳加縷述。 本文實證研究係以國內會計師事務所審計人員(分三大與非三大)及審計學術界人員 為受試對象,問卷分三組採不具名方式寄發,回函問卷經整理後採卡方檢定及單因子 變異數加以分析。其研究目的旨在瞭解上述人員對α及β風險之認知程度;以便對國 內審計實務界之專業訓練及學術界之審計教育提出發展改進的方向,並指引出可行的 途徑。
6

跨國企業與關鍵關係人的風險認知與危機溝通策略探討—以媒體對博士倫二次藥水回收事件報導為例

陳盈蓓, Ying-Pei Chen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以博士倫2006與2007年發生的兩次藥水回收事件為例,以五國的媒體抽樣報導為研究對象,結合深度訪談法,歸納分析媒體報導中呈現之五國博士倫公司風險認知、五國關鍵關係人之風險認知,並比較上述兩者間之差異。其後,以雙方之風險認知、證據真實性和媒體環境做為前置變項,對博士倫危機溝通策略運用之影響,進行理論的回應與探討,並以股價、媒體正負面報導等指標檢視該公司於兩事件中的危機溝通成效。最後,就研究發現,提出對實務面與未來研究方向之建議,期盼能予後續研究者進行跨國企業危機溝通策略時之參考。 一、 風險認知對於危機溝通策略的影響 本研究發現,五國關鍵關係人之風險認知、組織本身之風險認知及兩者之差異,對於博士倫之危機溝通策略運用並無影響。除了新加坡關鍵關係人的風險認知為「監管單位發佈資訊」之外,香港、中國大陸、台灣及美國關係人之風險認知,前兩名均為「風險是否涉及毒害」或「企業的形象與信譽」,縱使四國關係人與博士倫重視的屬性有先後階段的不同,然而並不影響博士倫之危機溝通策略運用。MoistureLoc事件中,五國最重要的關鍵關係人皆為「政府監管單位」。 二、 證據真實性、媒體環境對於危機溝通策略的影響 本研究發現,博士倫五國之溝通策略演變,皆以美國總公司為中心,由「否認」策略移至「辨明」策略,再趨向「讓步」策略,並有同一時期呈現言語與行為策略「不一致」之情形。策略的主要依據為「證據的真實性」,包括美國官方機構所公佈的病例數據或是博士倫自行調查的結果。此外,綜合內容分析與訪談結果,本研究認為媒體環境對於企業的危機溝通策略會造成影響,而影響的程度以新加坡、香港與台灣較美國與中國大陸明顯。 三、 兩次事件危機溝通策略之比較 綜合本研究結果,美國博士倫於MultiPlus事件的處理策略,具有前一次MoistureLoc事件所沒有的特點,包括:1. 在最短時間內掌握危機狀況,積極反應;2. 迅速公佈處理情形;3. 發言人取得媒體信賴;4. 危機時間短,媒體報導篇幅少;5. 取得議題建構主動權。故博士倫於MultiPlus事件中,聲譽面及財務面皆未受影響,與前次事件相較,已然從危機中汲取經驗,可謂正面的危機學習。 關鍵詞:關鍵關係人、風險認知、危機溝通策略、證據真實性、媒體報導
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社會風險與風險溝通之研究 / Social Risk and Risk Communication

高如月, Gau, Ru Yueh Unknown Date (has links)
十八世紀的工業發展富裕了人類的物質生活,生態環境卻也逐遭破壞 ;人們因科技文明引發的現代風險的多樣性、全球性、不易衡量與不易預 測性,遂將傳統注重資源分配的「階級社會」帶領到新的注重風險如何在 社會中平等並合法分配的「風險社會」(Risk society) (Beck,1992),社 會風險概念乃應運而生。從社會文明演進來看,現代風險與過去風險在本 質上有著極大差異,過去風險多以自然災害的威脅為主,而現代風險則以 科技進步帶來的威亦即公害佔多數,綜言之為風險的不確定性、風險承擔 的不公平性、影響的遲延性與風險產生的社會妥當性。也因如此風險管理 則具相當的「利益衡量」與「政策決擇」色彩,風險溝通遂乃成為有效風 險管理的主要因素,成為綜合其他風險議題如風險認知、風險評估、風險 管理等的橋樑。風險溝通與其他溝通議題的最大差別,前者尤強調人文層 面因素重於科學分析結果。建立一個合理可接受的風險水準與風險認知息 息相關,專家的科學分析結果固然重要,民眾對風險的了解卻多以一般知 識與過去生活經驗認知,再加上現代風險多涉及高度的科技性,專業術語 常令民眾產生距離與不信任感,在公害問題上糾紛多因而產生。風險溝通 除了儘量降低衝突外,更積極地為建立風險的正確認知,加強自我防禦機 能,故公共介入、民眾的參與對於事前與事後溝通的成效,可避免糾紛爭 端的發生。 從70年代起公害糾紛屢見不鮮,抗議者手段皆多由緩和 後因意見得不到適切回應始引發衝突性高的行動;抗爭者與被抗議者亦多 有組織化趨勢;不管是「事前預防型」或「事後補救型」活動,政府的溝 通方式多仍停留在技術層面單向說服性的宣導亦多為被動;反觀國外對溝 通的努力較為積極,坦誠公開的溝通態度,重視一致、簡明的訊息揭露, 並考慮到居民心理壓力的疏解,強調風險溝通的地方時效性,這是國內糾 紛處理不足之處。由於糾紛事件中多有金錢賠償、健康檢查之訴求,故糾 紛處理與公害賠償制度在事後溝通上就佔極重要角色。日本的公害糾處理 與健康受害補償制度是除了民事訟訴外另闢之行政救濟管道,為衝突解決 與公害損害補償提供了訊速有效的溝通管道。我國有關公害糾紛處理已於 82年二月完成立法,至於公害補償卻散見於法令中,盼儘快建立污染者 付費原則、賠償基金的設立及加強公害保險功能,健全風險溝通的角色。
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影響大眾環境風險認知及政策支持因素之跨層次分析 / Predicting Environmental Risk Perception and Policy Support: A Multilevel Model

蘇民欣, Su, Min Hsin Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討利己及利他價值觀如何影響大眾環境風險認知及政策支持,並進一步探討其影響是否受到風險規模、文化取向、及國家發展程度之影響。資料來源為世界價值觀調查(World Value Survey)第五波資料,以Schwartz的「人類價值觀理論」為理論基礎,測量個人利己及利他價值觀,並依風險規模將環境風險認知分為全球性及地區性。統計方法使用層級迴歸,同時檢驗國家層級變項(文化取向及發展程度)對個人層級變項之跨層級調節效果。研究結果顯示大眾對環境風險的感知及反應,受到其價值觀的影響,但針對不同規模的風險議題,在不同文化取向及發展程度的國家,其影響有顯著不同。 / Environmental issues have received much public and media attention abroad and at home. With the increased environmental awareness, there is a strong call for relevant policies and regulations aimed at sustainable development. To ensure sufficient public support, it is crucial to develop a fuller understanding of factors and processes underlying people’s willingness to help protect the environment when making decisions as consumers and citizens. This study aims to predict people’s environmental risk perception and policy support as a function of their values. Specifically, Schwartz’s self-transcendence and self-enhancement value clusters will be examined as determinants to understand why few people choose to make collectively beneficial decisions. Three extensions were made. First, instead of focusing on low-cost lifestyle changes, this study examined policy support that requires substantial personal costs. Second, global and local environmental risk perceptions are treated as two qualitatively different constructs according to their geographical scales. Finally, this study moves beyond an individualistic approach, incorporating country-level forces into the model. Information about the individuals are based on variables measured in the World Value Survey (2005), while cultural orientations and levels of development are measured by the Schwartz Value Survey (2005) and the Human Development Index (2005) respectively. Hierarchical regression are employed, with the nature of interaction being revealed by plotting techniques. The results suggested that perception and responses to environmental risks reflect their most basic value priorities and life goals. Consequently, environmental persuasive messages are most effective when intended behaviors are framed as fulfilling important life goals. However, the effects of person-level constructs greatly vary with social contexts and issue scales, suggesting that different strategies are preferred when dealing with risks associated with different geographical frame. Finally, cultural orientations and levels of development will influence the way members of a society respond to environmental threats. Practical implications for environmental risk communication are proposed and discussed.

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