Le cancer du rein (CCR) est une néoplasie immunogène. Le travail présenté ici porte sur les interactions entre les cellules Natural Killer (NK) et les cellules du cancer du rein. Les caractéristiques particulières des cellules tumorales rénales, telles que les mutations de VHL, l’événement phare dans le développement des cancers du rein, ou encore l’expression d’une forme membranaire de la cytokine IL-15 interfèrent avec l’activation des cellules NK. On a identifié une forme membranaire de la cytokine IL-15 particulière sur les cellules tumorales rénales, qui contrôlerait l’homéostasie des cellules NK au sein de la tumeur. Par ailleurs, on montre que certaines mutations de VHL des cellules du cancer du rein favorisent l’activation des cellules NK en diminuant l’expression des molécules HLA de classe I par les cellules tumorales. / Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are immunogenic. The work presented here describes the interactions between NK cells and RCC. We have investigated particular characteristics of RCC, like the mutation of the VHL gene, the key event in carcinogenesis of kidney cancers of the clear cell type, or a particular expression of IL-15 by the tumor cells. We show that certain RCC cell lines express a unique form of membrane bound IL-15. Our work indicates that the expression of IL-15 by the tumor cells might play a role in the homeostasis of NK cells infiltrating kidney cancers. Furthermore we show that mutations of the VHL gene cause diminished HLA expression favoring thereby the activation of NK.

Nos travaux décrivent l’identification et la caractérisation d’une cellule immunitaire : l’IKDC pour Interferon Producing killer dendritic cell. Cette population cellulaire, découverte à la faveur de la combinaison Imatinib mesilate et Interleukine 2 dans le traitement des métastases pulmonaires de mélanome B16F10 chez la souris, combine des caractéristiques de cellule dendritique (présentation antigénique) et de cellule natural killer (lyse sans apprentissage). Le phénotype des IKDC est le suivant :CD3-, CD19-, CD11c+,B220+, NK1.1+. Nous avons établi une stratégie de culture des IKDC ex vivo grâce à la trans-présentation de l’IL-15 et montré que ces cellules sont capables de présenter des antigènes aux lymphocytes T et de vacciner une souris contre une tumeur. Ce projet se poursuit par la mise en place d’un essai clinique de phase I utilisant Imatinib mesilate et l’Interleukine 2. / In this manuscript, we describe the isolation and the characterisation of a novel immune cell: the IKDC for Interferon Producing killer dendritic cell. This cell population, discovered thanks to the combination Imatinib mesilate and Interleukine 2 for the treatment of lung metastases of B16F10 murine melanoma, shares dendritic cell (antigen presentation) and natural killer cell (non specific lysis) properties. IKDC phenotype is the following: CD3-, CD19-, CD11c+, B220+, NK1.1+. We established a culture strategy for the IKDC ex vivo thanks to the trans-presentation of IL-15 and demonstrated that these cells once cultivated are able to prime lymphocytes and to protect mice from tumor development. This project has led to a phase I clinical trial testing the antitumor effect of the combination Imatinib mesilate and Interleukin 2.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:41:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaPBS_DISSERT.pdf: 2596487 bytes, checksum: f09071ef3141cb36b73492e4246e301b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-15 / O recente interesse em se obter materiais nanoporosos funcionalizados para aplica??es como calisadores heterog?neos e adsor??o de CO2, tem aumentado no meio industrial e cientifico. Nesta ?ltima aplica??o, a introdu??o de grupos aminas, como os presentes em quitosana, em materiais nanoporosos do tipo SBA-15 para gerar intera??es espec?ficas com o CO2 tem ganhado import?ncia. Assim, neste trabalho foram realizadas a s?ntese do SBA-15 e posterior impregna??o da CS no suporte mesoporoso atrav?s do m?todo de impregna??o por via ?mida. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por meio DRX, TG, DSC, MEV, FTIR e adsor??o/dessor??o de N2. Os resultados de DRX indicaram que a estrutura ordenada do suporte SBA-15 foi preservada ap?s a impregna??o e os c?lculos mostraram que o di?metro m?dio do poro e/ou a espessura m?dia da parede (wt) foram alterados devido a introdu??o da quitosana nas amostras funcionalizadas. As curvas de TG e de DSC,corroboraram com os dados de DRX, indicando a presen?a da quitosana na estrutura mesoporosa do SBA-15, assim como as micrografias das amostras funcionalizadas, que possibilitou visualizar o estado de agrega??o do material obtido. As bandas caracter?sticas de absor??o da CS na regi?o IV foram identificadas e interpretadas nas amostras funcionalizadas confirmando as outras caracteriza??es. Foi visto tamb?m que a ?rea superficial diminuiu nas amostras funcionalizadas, indicando a sucessiva incorpora??o do pol?mero no suporte mesoporoso. A energia de ativa??o do processo de degrada??o t?rmica da quitosana impregnada no suporte foi determinada por meio do m?todo de cin?tica livre de Viazovkin e pelo m?todo de Ozawa-Flay-Wall com os resultados indicando que o aumento da quitosana diminui em aproximadamente 10% a energia de ativa??o para sua degrada??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaPBS_DISSERT.pdf: 2596487 bytes, checksum: f09071ef3141cb36b73492e4246e301b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The recent interest in obtaining functionalized nanoporous materials for applications such as heterogeneous catalysts and adsorption of CO2 has increased today. In the latter application, the introduction of amino groups such as present in the chitosan (CS), in the nanoporous materials like SBA-15 to generate specific interactions with CO2 has gained importance. In this work were performed to hydrothermal synthesis of SBA-15 and subsequent impregnation of the CS in the support mesoporous by the method of the wet impregnation. The materials were characterized by TG/DTG, DSC, XRD, SEM, FTIR and adsorption / desorption of N2. The XRD showed that the ordered structure of the support SBA-15 was preserved after the impregnation and calculations have shown that the average pore diameter (Dp) and / or the average wall thickness (wt) have been changed due to introduction of the CS in the samples functionalized. The curves of TG and DSC data corroborates the XRD, indicating the presence of CS in the nanoporous structure of SBA-15, as well as micrographs of samples, which allowed the display state of aggregation of the material obtained. The characteristics of bands absorption in the region of the CS in the FTIR were identified and interpreted in the samples functionalized, confirming the further characterization. Measurements showed that the BET surface area decreases in the functionalized samples, indicating the successive incorporation of the polymer in the nanoporous support. The activation energy apparent (Ea) for the process of thermal degradation of CS in the impregnated support was determined by the methods of kinetic freedom Vyazovkin and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall with the results indicating that the sample functionalized CS/SBA-15 2,5 % was decrease of the Ea in their degradation of about 10% compared to 1,0 % CS/SBA-15 sample / O recente interesse em se obter materiais nanoporosos funcionalizados para aplica??es como catalisadores heterog?neos e na adsor??o de CO2 tem aumentado atualmente. Nesta ?ltima aplica??o, a introdu??o de grupos aminas, como os presentes na quitosana (CS), em materiais nanoporosos do tipo SBA-15 para gerar intera??es espec?ficas com o CO2 tem ganhado import?ncia. Assim, neste trabalho foram realizadas a s?ntese hidrot?rmica do SBA- 15 e posterior impregna??o da CS no suporte mesoporoso atrav?s do m?todo de impregna??o por via ?mida. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por meio de TG/DTG, DSC, DRX, MEV, FTIR e adsor??o/dessor??o de N2. Os resultados de DRX indicaram que a estrutura ordenada do suporte SBA-15 foram preservada ap?s a impregna??o e os c?lculos mostraram que o di?metro m?dio do poro (Dp) e/ou espessura m?dia da parede (wt) foram alterados devido a introdu??o da CS nas amostras funcionalizadas. As curvas de TG e DSC corroboraram com os dados de DRX, indicando a presen?a da CS na estrutura mesoporosa do SBA-15, assim como as micrografias das amostras funcionalizadas, que possibilitou visualizar o estado de agrega??o do material obtido. As bandas caracter?sticas de absor??o da CS da regi?o IV foram identificadas e interpretadas nas amostras funcionalizadas, confirmando as outras caracteriza??es. As medidas de BET mostraram que a ?rea superficial diminui nas amostras funcionalizadas, indicando a sucessiva incorpora??o do pol?mero no suporte nanoporoso. A energia de ativa??o aparente (Ea) do processo de degrada??o t?rmica da CS impregnada no suporte foi determinada por meio dos m?todos de cin?tica livre de Vyazovkin e de Ozawa-Flynn-Wall com os resultados indicando que a amostra funcionalizada CS/SBA-15 2,5 % teve uma diminui??o da Ea para a sua degrada??o de aproximadamente de 10% em rela??o a amostra de CS/SBA-15 1,0 %

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaGRA_DISSERT.pdf: 2325529 bytes, checksum: 83d27b47b244a6da7127c42df79472b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The groundwater pollution arising due to fuel leaks gas stations has presented a problem aggravating. Increasingly studies related to environmental problems such accidents and seek to propose some solutions for the treatment of groundwater and soils that are contaminated by gasoline. This study evaluated the use of molecular sieve TiSBA-15 as a catalyst for the reaction of removing of volatile organic compounds, particularly benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes, known as BTEX, one of the main pollutants found in groundwater. The catalyst was synthesized by the method post-synthesis techniques and characterized by XSD, TG/DTG, adsorption/desorption of N2, XRF-EDX, for checking the incorporation of titanium and formation of the structure of the catalyst. The reaction occurred with the presence of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, in aqueous medium to form hydroxyl radicals, which are needed in the process of removal of BTEX compounds. The catalytic reaction was carried out for 5 hours at 60 ?C, pH to 3.0, and analyzes of the compounds were made in a gas chromatograph with a flame detection means photoionization static headspace (HS-GC-PID). The catalytic tests have shown the efficacy of using this type of catalyst for the removal of these volatile organic compounds, having a removal rate of 90.60% in the range where the catalyst was studied TiSBA-15(5,0) / A polui??o das ?guas subterr?neas devido a decorrentes vazamentos de combust?vel por postos de gasolina tem se apresentado um problema agravante. Cada vez mais estudos relacionam problemas ambientais com tais acidentes e procuram propor algumas solu??es para o tratamento das ?guas subterr?neas e solos que s?o contaminados pela gasolina. Este trabalho avalia o uso da peneira molecular TiSBA-15 como catalisador da rea??o de remo??o de compostos org?nicos vol?teis, especificamente benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos, conhecidos como BTEX, um dos principais poluentes encontrados em ?guas subterr?neas. O catalisador foi sintetizado pelo m?todo p?s-s?ntese e caracterizado pelas t?cnicas de DRX, TG/DTG, adsor??o/dessor??o de N2, e FRX-EDX. O estudo da atividade catal?tica da TiSBA- 15 ocorreu com a presen?a de per?xido de hidrog?nio, H2O2, em meio aquoso, para a forma??o de radicais hidroxilas, os quais ser?o necess?rios no processo de remo??o dos compostos BTEX. A rea??o catal?tica foi realizada durante 5h a 60 ?C, pH igual a 5,0, e as an?lises dos compostos foram feitas em um cromat?grafo a g?s com detec??o por fotoioniza??o de chama via headspace est?tico (HS-GC-PID). Os testes catal?ticos mostraram a efic?cia no uso deste tipo de catalisador para a remo??o desses compostos org?nicos vol?teis, apresentando uma taxa de remo??o na faixa de 90,60%, onde o catalisador em estudo foi o TiSBA-15(5,0)

Filtros orgânicos são amplamente utilizados em formulações fotoprotetoras, com habilidade de absorver radiações ultravioleta (UV). Contudo, parte destes compostos possuem limitações, como: fotoinstabilidade, permeação cutânea e fotossensibilização e entre outros. Este trabalho envolveu a síntese de matriz mesoporosa do tipo SBA-15, encapsulação/incorporação de ρ-metoxicinamato de octila (MCO), benzofenona-3 (BZF-3) e avobenzona (AVO) na SBA-15 para aplicação em formulações fotoprotetoras. Fez-se a determinação da eficácia in vitro dos filtros encapsulados/incorporados combinados a ingrediente cosmético; o preparo de bastão fotoprotetor e determinação eficácia estimada; a avaliação do potencial de irritação ocular dos bastões por HET-CAM - Hen\'s Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane, e a avaliação da permeação/retenção cutânea e perfil de biodistribuição dos filtros. Para a caracterização dos materiais foram empregadas técnicas físico-químicas e analíticas. As medidas de adsorção/dessorção de N2 mostrou que as amostras dos filtros solares encapsulados/incorporados apresentaram diminuição na área superficial e volume de poro (V), indicando que os filtros solares foram encapsulados/incorporados na superfície e nos poros da SBA-15. Os resultados de Espalhamento de raios X a baixo ângulo evidenciaram que os filtros solares não afetaram a estrutura hexagonal da SBA-15. Por TG/DTG e análise elementar foi possível determinar a quantidade de filtros solares na superfície e nos mesoporos da SBA-15. Enquanto, as curvas DSC e DTA revelaram aumento na estabilidade térmica da AVO e BZF-3, quando encapsulados/incorporados. Os resultados da eficácia fotoprotetora in vitro monstraram que a combinação dos três filtros solares encapsulados/incorporados na SBA-15 promoveram aumento de 52% no fator proteção solar (FPS), enquanto que, na formulação fotoprotetora contendo os três filtros encapsulados/incorporados, o aumento foi de 94%. O ensaio de HET-CAM evidenciou que os bastões contendo SBA-15 e os filtros encapsulados/incorporados não foram irritantes. O ensaio de permeação/retenção cutânea monstrou que o processo de encapsulação/incorporação da BZF-3 promoveu diminuição de sua permeação em todos os tempos de exposição. As quantidades permeadas de AVO e MCO ficaram abaixo do limite de quantificação nos tempos 6 e 12 h, no entanto, no tempo de 24 h foi possível quantificá-los. As quantidades dos filtros solares retidas na pele a partir da formulação contendo os filtros solares encapsulados/incorporados na SBA-15 (F4) foram menores (tempos 6 e 12 h) em comparação à formulação contendo os filtros solares não encapsulados (F3). A investigação da biodistribuição dos filtros solares monstrou que a retenção total na pele, como na derme, foi menor na formulação F4 em comparação à F3. O estudo comparativo entre pele suína e a pele humana monstrou que as quantidades de BZF-3 e AVO permeadas e retidas na pele suína foram superiores do que em relação à humana para ambas as formulações (F4 e FR). Pela técnica de biodistribuição, foi possível determinar que os filtros solares oriundos das formulações F3 e referência (FR) apresentaram maior retenção destes compostos na derme do que em outras camadas da pele. Contudo, observou-se que os filtros encapsulados apresentaram taxa reduzida de retenção na derme. / Organic Filters are chemical compounds widely used in sunscreens formulations with the ability to absorb ultraviolet radiation (UV). Despite the effectiveness of these compounds in UV radiation protection, disadvantages related to their photo instability, potential skin permeation and photo sensibility pose significant challenges for improving these products. The aim of this work was to synthesize mesoporous matrix SBA-15, encapsulation/entrapping of octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), benzophenone-3 (BZF-3) and avobenzone (AVO) into SBA-15 for application in photoprotective formulations. It was accessed in vitro photoprotection efficacy and in vitro photostability assay of encapsulated/entrapped UV filters combined with cosmetic ingredient and photoprotective stick formulations; evaluation of the ocular irritation potential of photoprotective stick formulations by in vitro method HET-CAM - Hen\'s Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane; evaluation the skin permeation/deposition and biodistribution profile of photoprotective stick formulations. The decrease in the surface area and in mesoporous volume (V) observed in the nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms of encapsulated/entrapped samples indicated that UV filters were efficiently encapsulated/entrapped into SBA-15. Additionally, SAXS results showed that UV filters did not affected the hexagonal structure of the mesoporous material and that these compounds filled the SBA-15 pores. TG/DTG and elemental analysis were efficient tools to confirm the presence and the quantity of UV filters into SBA-15. DTA and DSC curves of encapsulated/entrapped materials showed that the thermal stability of AVO and BZF-3 were increased. On the other hand, DSC curves of encapsulated/entrapped materials demonstrated that thermal stability of OMC was not increase. The in vitro photoprotective efficacy results demonstrated that the combination of the three sunscreens encapsulated/entrapped into SBA-15 increased 52.0% the SPF values, while the stick formulation containing the UV filters encapsulated/entrapped, the increase was 94.0%. Delivery experiments using porcine skin demonstrated that the encapsulation/entrapping process of UV filters resulted the decreased of BZF-3 permeation and deposition in skin (6 and 12 hours). The cutaneous biodistribution profile of UV filters showed that the deposition of these compounds from encapsulated/entrapped stick formulation (F4) was significantly lower than that from UV filters stick formulations (F3) in the total slices of the skin and dermis. The comparative study between porcine skin and human skin demonstrated that the amounts of BZF-3 and AVO permeated and deposited in porcine skin were higher than in human skin for both formulations (F4 and FR - reference formulation). By the biodistribution technique it was possible to determine that the UV filters from the formulations F3 and FR presented higher retention of these compounds in the dermis than in other layers of the skin. On the other hand, it was observed that the encapsulated UV filters presented low retention rate into dermis.

Gas-oil obtained from bitumen contains a significant amount of impurities, which are difficult to remove using a conventional alumina supported hydrotreating catalyst. Innumerable studies have been carried out to develop a highly effective hydrotreating catalyst, and among all utilizing more advanced support is considered as a better alternative. Recently, SBA-15, which is an ordered mesoporous silica support, has received importance as a catalyst support because of its excellent textural properties. However, SBA-15 lacks surface acidity and provides very low metal-support interaction. By modifying SBA-15 with zirconia, an optimum level of surface acidity and Si-Mo interaction can be achieved. Also, by doping zirconia with SBA-15, the textural properties of zirconia can be improved. Hence, a synergistic effect can be obtained while incorporating zirconia onto SBA-15 and the resulting material Zr-SBA-15 can be used as an effective support for hydrotreating catalyst. In the present study, Zr-SBA-15 supports were prepared by the post synthesis and the direct synthesis method with different zirconia loading. Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation technique. Catalysts and supports were characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy methods.<p> Characterization of support confirmed that the zirconia was successfully incorporated in a mesoporous SBA-15 structure without significantly changing the textural properties of SBA-15. The performance of the Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts was evaluated based on hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities exhibited during hydrotreating of heavy gas oil derived from Athabasca bitumen at industrial operating condition (temperature 375-395 °C, pressure 8.9 MPa, LHSV 1.0 hr-1 and gas/oil ratio 600 Nm3/m3). The comparison of catalytic activities showed that the NiMo catalysts supported on Zr-SBA-15, prepared by direct and post synthesis method exhibited higher hydrotreating activity compared to SBA-15 supported catalyst. NiMo catalyst supported on Zr-SBA-15 with 23 wt% of ZrO2 loading, prepared by post synthesis method showed the highest activity among all the catalysts.<p> After determining the best support, the optimum catalyst metal loadings on the Zr-SBA-15 support was found to be 17 wt% of Mo and 3.4 wt% of Ni. This catalyst also showed higher activity in mass basis for the hydrotreating of heavy gas oil compared to that of commercial hydrotreating catalyst.<p> A kinetic study was performed on the optimum NiMo/Zr-SBA-15 catalyst to predict its HDS and HDN activities while varying the parameters of temperature, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), pressure and gas-to-oil ratio. Rate expressions were developed using Power Law and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model to predict the behavior of both the HDS and HDN reactions. Power law models were best fit with reaction orders of 1.8 and 1.3, and activation energies of 115 kJ/mol and 121 kJ/mol, for HDS and HDN reactions, respectively. The activation energies calculated using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model considering H2S inhibition were found to be 122 kJ/mol and 138 kJ/mol, for HDS and HDN reactions, respectively.

Gas-oil obtained from bitumen contains a significant amount of impurities, which are difficult to remove using a conventional alumina supported hydrotreating catalyst. Innumerable studies have been carried out to develop a highly effective hydrotreating catalyst, and among all utilizing more advanced support is considered as a better alternative. Recently, SBA-15, which is an ordered mesoporous silica support, has received importance as a catalyst support because of its excellent textural properties. However, SBA-15 lacks surface acidity and provides very low metal-support interaction. By modifying SBA-15 with zirconia, an optimum level of surface acidity and Si-Mo interaction can be achieved. Also, by doping zirconia with SBA-15, the textural properties of zirconia can be improved. Hence, a synergistic effect can be obtained while incorporating zirconia onto SBA-15 and the resulting material Zr-SBA-15 can be used as an effective support for hydrotreating catalyst. In the present study, Zr-SBA-15 supports were prepared by the post synthesis and the direct synthesis method with different zirconia loading. Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation technique. Catalysts and supports were characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy methods.<p> Characterization of support confirmed that the zirconia was successfully incorporated in a mesoporous SBA-15 structure without significantly changing the textural properties of SBA-15. The performance of the Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts was evaluated based on hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities exhibited during hydrotreating of heavy gas oil derived from Athabasca bitumen at industrial operating condition (temperature 375-395 °C, pressure 8.9 MPa, LHSV 1.0 hr-1 and gas/oil ratio 600 Nm3/m3). The comparison of catalytic activities showed that the NiMo catalysts supported on Zr-SBA-15, prepared by direct and post synthesis method exhibited higher hydrotreating activity compared to SBA-15 supported catalyst. NiMo catalyst supported on Zr-SBA-15 with 23 wt% of ZrO2 loading, prepared by post synthesis method showed the highest activity among all the catalysts.<p> After determining the best support, the optimum catalyst metal loadings on the Zr-SBA-15 support was found to be 17 wt% of Mo and 3.4 wt% of Ni. This catalyst also showed higher activity in mass basis for the hydrotreating of heavy gas oil compared to that of commercial hydrotreating catalyst.<p> A kinetic study was performed on the optimum NiMo/Zr-SBA-15 catalyst to predict its HDS and HDN activities while varying the parameters of temperature, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), pressure and gas-to-oil ratio. Rate expressions were developed using Power Law and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model to predict the behavior of both the HDS and HDN reactions. Power law models were best fit with reaction orders of 1.8 and 1.3, and activation energies of 115 kJ/mol and 121 kJ/mol, for HDS and HDN reactions, respectively. The activation energies calculated using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model considering H2S inhibition were found to be 122 kJ/mol and 138 kJ/mol, for HDS and HDN reactions, respectively.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Aleixo 2014.pdf: 926213 bytes, checksum: 8a5fd795142b628a34f581b677a72e21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-10 / This dissertation focuses on the discourse of the corporeal resurrection as an identitary in Paul, from the text of 1 Corinthians 15:35-49 where the apostle develops and argues his eschatological thoughts about this theme. Our goal is to understand how this thought was developed and consider the arguments within this new theological vision of the theme. Methodologically, an exegesis of the text of 1 Corinthians 15:35-49 is made in order to discourse with the thematic concept of Dn 12:1-3 and with the skeptical ideology present in Corinth. Based on the main authors Nickelsburg, Wright and Lehtipuu, we have as main considerations that the corporeal resurrection in Daniel 12:1-3 is universal, collective and taken as an act of justice. In skeptical philosophy the ideology is that of relativism. In Paul, resurrection is personal and comprehends the individual as a whole. / Este trabalho focaliza o discurso da ressurreição corpórea como elemento identitário em Paulo, a partir do texto de 1Coríntios 15:35-49 onde o apóstolo desenvolve e argumenta seu pensamento escatológico acerca desta temática. Nosso objetivo é de entendermos como se desenvolveu esse pensamento e considerar os argumentos dentro dessa nova visão teológica da temática. Metodologicamente faz-se um estudo exegético do texto de 1Corintos 15:35-49 a fim de dialogar com o conceito temático de Dn12:1-3 e com a ideologia cética presente em Corinto. Baseando-se nos principais autores Nickelsburg, Wright e Lehtipuu temos como principais considerações que a ressurreição corpórea em Dn 12:1-3 é universal, coletiva e tida como ato de justiça. Na filosofia cética a ideologia é a do relativo e vazio. E em Paulo ela é individual e atinge o individuo como um todo.

At the time when natural and industrial disasters are becoming more frequent than before, there is a growing need for the Czech Armed Forces to assist the Integrated Emergency System. Earlier, such emergency operations were in the competence of Rescue Battalions, which have since been disbanded. The 15th Engineer Rescue Brigade was transformed into the 15th Engineer Brigade, which now consists of Engineer Battalions as well as separate Rescue Companies. These units form the bases for forming detachments to provide assistance to the Integrated Rescue System. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the beginnings of the Civil Defence and to the beginning of rescue units in the Czech Armed Forces, including preparation of planning of Engineer and Rescue units. The technology used for providing assistance to units within the Integrated Rescue System, i.e. the technology used throughout the spectrum of kind of troops as well as special engineer?s technology, is also elaborated on. The second part of this thesis is dedicated to elaborating on the implications of deploying the units of the 15th Engineer Brigade to perform tasks during natural or industrial disasters. The numbers of so far performed tasks of specific units of the 15th Engineer Brigade are also published in this part. Formation of rescue battalion, which would substitute the necessity of forming rescue detachments, represents an important part of this thesis. Despite the fact that the rescue battalion is only fictional, it is based on the real structure of the 15th Engineer Brigade, including specific positions and their formal requirements. Special courses, which are advertised in relation with the formal requirements, are based on an internal document of the Army of the Czech Republic, which is the 20-2012 Bulletin of the Ministry of Defence Education Activity, 2013. By analysing the internal documents of the 15th Engineer Brigade as well as analysing the ways of putting such documents into practice, it has been concluded that the units of the 15th Engineer Brigade are ready to deal with incidents which may occur during performing tasks within the Integrated Rescue System.