Ἡ παροῦσα μελέτη ἀποτελεῖ διπλωματική ἐργασία στό Τμῆμα Φιλοσοφίας τοῦ Πανεπιστημίου Πατρῶν. Μέ αὐτή θά ἀποπειραθοῦμε νά ἀναλύσουμε μέρος ἑνός ἀπό τά ἔργα τοῦ σπουδαιότερου, ἴσως, ἀρχαίου Ἕλληνα φιλοσόφου, τοῦ Ἀριστοτέλη. Πρόκειται γιά τό ἔργο «Φυσικῆς Ἀκροάσεως Α΄» καί συγκεκριμένα γιά τά κεφάλαια 6, 7, 8 καί 9 τοῦ ἔργου. Τά παραπάνω κεφάλαια τοῦ Ἀριστοτελικοῦ ἔργου παρουσιάζονται καί ἀναλύονται σέ ἀντίστοιχα κεφάλαια αὐτῆς τῆς ἐργασίας. Προτάσσεται γενική εἰσαγωγή, στήν ὁποία παρουσιάζεται συνοπτικά τό περιεχόμενο τῆς ἐργασίας καί ἀναφέρονται κάποια βασικά βιογραφικά στοιχεῖα τοῦ μεγάλου πανεπιστήμονα φιλοσόφου, τό ἔργο τοῦ ὁποίου κατέχει ἐξέχουσα θέση στήν παγκόσμια φιλοσοφία καί ἐπιστήμη. Ἀπό τή θέση αὐτή ἐκφράζω τίς θερμές εὐχαριστίες μου στόν ἐπιβλέποντα κ. Στασινό Σταυριανέα, Λέκτορα τοῦ Τμήματος Φιλοσοφίας τοῦ Πανεπιστημίου Πατρῶν, τόσο γιά τή βοήθειά του στήν ἐπιλογή τοῦ θέματος, ὅσο καί γιά τήν πολύτιμη καθοδηγησή του στήν πορεία τῆς ἐργασίας, καθώς καί ὅλους ὅσοι μέ κάθε τρόπο μέ βοήθησαν ἤ μέ διευκόλυναν στήν ὁλοκλήρωση αὐτῆς τῆς ἐργασίας. / This study consists dissertations in section Philosophy, University of Patras. With that attempts at analysis by one of his works, perhaps most importantly, Ancient Greek philosopher, Aristotle. The project is called "Natural Hearing A΄" and specifically on chapters 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the project. The above chapters Aristotle work presented and analyzed in respective chapters of this work. Preceded by a general introduction which summarizes the content of work and specifying some basic biographical information on major universities philosopher, whose work occupies a prominent position in world philosophy and science. From this position I express my warmest thanks to Supervisor Mr. Stasinos Stavrianeas, Lecturer of the Department of Philosophy, University of Patras, both for his help in choosing the subject and for valuable guidance in the course of work, and all those who in any way helped or by facilitated Consummation this work.

In this work I reconstruct the physical and mental descriptions of perception in Aristotle. I propose to consider the thesis that αἴσθησις is a μεσότης (DA II 11) as a description of the physiological aspect of perception, meaning that perceiving is a physical act by which the sensory apparatus homeostatically counterbalances, and thence measures, the incoming affection produced by external perceptible objects. The proposal is based on a revision of the semantics of the word mesotês in Plato, Aristotle and later Greek mathematicians (mostly Nicomachus of Gerasa). I show how this interpretation fits the text, and how it solves problems that afflict the rival interpretations. I further develop a ‘non-dephysiologizing’ spiritualist reading of the additional description of perception as reception of forms without the matter (DA II 12). I show that Aristotle uses the expression ‘forms without matter’ to describe actually abstracted items in one’s mind rather than the way in which the form are received. In opposition to forms-in-matter, such items are causally powerless and metaphysically sterile: an F-without-matter somewhat determines the subject it is in (one’s mind content F) without qualifying or identifying it as an F-subject. Thus, we have a second ‘mental’ description of perception. Further parts of the thesis are devoted to settle interpretive questions raised by controversial statements about perception found in De Anima II 5 and III 2, and to discuss the question of how the mental and physiological descriptions of perception Aristotle offers are related. My conclusion is that Aristotle’s views combines a form of quasi-dualist vitalism about powers (the faculty of perception, and more generally the soul, are not just irreducible to matter, but also primitive and non-supervenient) which is nonetheless compatible with hylomorphism, and a form of epiphenomenalism (and thence the ‘bottom-up’ determination typical of modern supervenience) with regard to perceptual events (i.e., the activity of perceiving).

Probablement rédigé au milieu du XIIIe siècle dans un milieu proche de celui de l’Université, l’anonyme Compendium philosophie ou Compilatio de libris naturalibus Aristotelis et aliorum quorundam philosophorum donne à voir un abrégé du corpus aristotélicien sur la nature divisé en huit livres. Jamais édité à l’époque moderne et tombé dans l’oubli le plus total après le XVe siècle, le Compendium philosophie a été relativement peu étudié et la seule édition disponible en est une édition partielle, à hauteur d’1/7e du texte, réalisée dans les années 1930 à partir du texte d’un seul manuscrit. Notre travail doctoral a non seulement permis de dégager une liste de 37 manuscrits au total, ce qui laisse imaginer une diffusion relativement efficace, mais encore d’établir que l’oeuvre avait connu au moins quatre versions différentes. Plusieurs éléments nous mettent sur la piste, en ce qui concerne la rédaction, d’un réseau cistercien en rapport avec les études. L’état des sources « philosophiques » du texte laisse supposer, quant à lui, une rédaction en milieu universitaire. La conjonction de ces deux informations nous mènera à formuler une hypothèse originale sur la genèse du texte et son contexte de rédaction. Outre l’enquête sur la tradition manuscrite et les sources du texte, ce travail doctoral tentera de rendre compte de l’état des quatre versions dans une édition critique préliminaire d’une partie des livres sur la philosophie naturelle. / Probably written in the middle of the XIIIth century in a universitarian context, the anonymous compilation known as Compendium philosophie or Compilatio de libris naturalibus Aristotelis is an abbreviation of Aristotle’s corpus on nature and is composed of eight books. Few scholars have been interested in this text and the only edition ever made was a partial one, from only one manuscript. This doctoral work shows that the text is preserved in at least 37 manuscripts, and that it was transmitted in four different versions. Furthermore, deep links with the cistercian order have been discovered, as well as university sources for the philosophical parts of the text. Finally, a critical edition of part of the text will be carried out.

This thesis analyses the method, purpose, and results of Aristotle's treatment of a select number of Presocratic and Platonic theses about the soul within the context of De Anima 1. Contrary to a prevalent interpretation of De Anima 1 which sees Aristotle's treatment of his predecessors' psychological views as dialectical, I argue that Aristotle treats his predecessors as having offered potentially viable hypotheses about the nature of the soul, and that these hypotheses are treated as attempts to explain the soul's basic powers. I further show that, in order to test the explanatory limits of these theories, Aristotle uses a version of the scientific method of inquiry advertised in the Prior and Posterior Analytics, which consists in setting out the basic psychological phenomena which psychology should explain, and then testing the extent to which his predecessors' definitions of the soul are able to accomplish this task. This thesis argues that, by demonstrating where his predecessors' first principles fall short, Aristotle is able to make theoretical progress towards establishing his own 'hylomorphic' first principle of soul, that soul is the 'first fulfilment of a natural instrumental body', and towards the idea that soul operates in the body of living beings as a formal, final, and efficient cause.

No description available.

Résumé non transmis / Summary not transmitted

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment (200, 300, 400 MPa / 5

Multiagent systems (MAS) are systems consisting of several autonomous entities, called agents, which interact with each other to either further their own interests (competition) or in pursuit of a joint goal (cooperation). In systems composed of multiple autonomous agents, negotiation is a key form of interaction that enables groups of agents to arrive at a mutual agreement regarding some belief, goal or plan. The aim of this thesis is to develop a multiagent system that simulates the negotiation process between parties about sharing of cost overrun in international construction projects. The developed tool can be used to understand how the risks and associated costs are shared between parties under different scenarios related with the risk allocation clauses in the contract, objectives of parties and level of knowledge about actual sources of cost overrun. MAS can be utilized by decision-makers to predict potential outcomes of a negotiation process.

Existing petroleum and natural gas reserves, which are the major supplies of primary energy demand of the world, are cumulated in a few countries. This causes a serious supply security problem for many countries. On the other side, greenhouse gas emissions caused by mainly fossil fuels are gradually increasing to a point which jeopardizes the future of the earth. By now, countries have to consider both their supply security and this global environmental problem while planning their energy future. For Turkey, a developing country, economic growth is to be added as a third parameter of the solution of this energy equation. In this study, firstly, Turkey&#039 / s existing fossil and alternative energy resources potential is examined. In the second part, international acts against climate change problem and Turkey&#039 / s position in this issue is analyzed. In the third part, the relation between economic growth, energy and environment is discussed. Finally, in consideration with supply security, climate change and economic growth, a brief analyze for Turkey is performed. Study shows that these three parameters are strongly interconnected, especially for fossil resources this leads to some conflictual situations. Comparing with OECD countries, energy is an important factor for economic growth in Turkey. Depending on this fact, Turkey can better give priority to supply security and take an environmental responsibility appropriate to its special condition. It is concluded that Turkey should start with the emission mitigation methods which do not threaten the supply security much, such as forestation, energy conservation and efficiency. Since coal is predicted to continue its popularity in the future, clean coal technologies and carbon capture-storage options gain more importance. For long term, state-sanctioned utilization of renewable resources and carefully planned nuclear development are found to be the most promising solutions for replacing coal and imported natural gas in power generation.

Conceptual estimation techniques play an important role in determining the approximate costs of construction projects especially during feasibility stages. Moreover, pre-design estimates are also crucial for the contractors. With the help of the conceptual predictions companies can determine approximate project costs and can gain several advantages before tendering phase. The main objective of this thesis is to focus on modeling of quantities instead of costs and to develop quantity take-off models for pre-design cost estimation of bridge projects. Majority of the existing studies focus on modeling of costs for conceptual cost estimation. This study includes modeling of the quantity take off items in a specific single span highway bridge using three different techniques namely, linear regression, neural network and case based reasoning. During this study 40 single span highway bridge projects whose owner is Republic of Turkey General Directorate of Railways, Ports and Airports Constructions were investigated and models for each work item were developed. Then by integrating the quantity take off estimations with unit costs, total project costs were calculated. As a result by evaluating the prediction performance of the models, comparison of the methods was achieved. Results are discussed along with the advantages of the proposed method for conceptual cost estimation of bridge projects.