Ο σκοπός του Αριστοτέλη είναι να ορίσει έναν τρόπο ζωής μέσα μέσα από τον οποίο πρέπει να μάθει κανείς πώς να ζεί με ικανοποιητικό τρόπο καθώς και πώς να ρυθμίζει την συμπεριφορά του σύμφωνα με τους κανόνες της αρετής έτσι ώστε να οδηγηθεί στην κατάκτηση του ύψιστου αγαθού, το οποίο είναι η ευδαιμονία. Ο στόχος ο δικός μας είναι είναι διττός¨1) Να διακρίνουμε την έννοια του τέλους και να την διαφοροποιήσουμε από αυτήν των επιμέρους τελών και 2) να κατανοήσουμε και να ερμηνεύσουμε τον λόγο για τον οποίο ο Αριστοτέλης ορίζει την ευδαιμονία ως το ύψιστο αγαθό στην περιοχή του ανθρωπίνου βίου. / The aim of Aristotle is to define a lifestyle media through which one must learn how to live a satisfactory manner and how to regulate their behavior in accordance with the rules of virtue so as to drive to conquer the highest good , the which is bliss . The Our ​​objective is twofold ¨ 1) To discern the meaning of the fee and to differentiate it from individual charges and 2 ) to understand and interpret the reason why Aristotle defines happiness as the highest good in human

Η ευαισθησία των συστημάτων είναι ένα σημαντικό θέμα της Θεωρίας Συστημάτων, το οποίο καλύπτεται σε εισαγωγικό επίπεδο με αυτή την εργασία. Η ευαισθησία αφορά τις διαφορές ανάμεσα στο πραγματικό σύστημα και στο μαθηματικό μοντέλο: αν κάποιες παράμετροι διαφέρουν αρκετά ανάμεσα στο πραγματικό σύστημα και στο μαθηματικό μοντέλο και η συμπεριφορά του συστήματος εξαρτάται κατά μεγάλο βαθμό από αυτές τις παραμέτρους, τότε η χρησιμότητα του μαθηματικού μοντέλου θα είναι πολύ μικρή αν δεν γνωρίζουμε ταυτόχρονα την παραμετρική ευαισθησία του συστήματος, δηλαδή την επίδραση των μεταβολών των παραμέτρων πάνω στην δυναμική συμπεριφορά του συστήματος. Βασικό ρόλο παίζει η προσομοίωση των εξισώσεων ευαισθησίας κατάστασης. Καθορίζουμε αρχικά τις εξισώσεις ευαισθησίας κατάστασης για παραμέτρους τύπου α και δείχνουμε ότι οι συναρτήσεις ευαισθησίας κατάστασης ενός συνεχούς συστήματος με χρονικά αμετάβλητες παραμέτρους καθορίζονται πάντα από ένα γραμμικό σύστημα διαφορικών εξισώσεων με μηδενικές αρχικές συνθήκες. Στην συνέχεια θα επεκταθούμε και στην εύρεση των συναρτήσεων ευαισθησίας κατάστασης για την περίπτωση που έχουμε παραμέτρους τύπου β και θα δούμε ότι και εδώ οι εξισώσεις ευαισθησίας κατάστασης είναι πάντα γραμμικές και οι αρχικές συνθήκες είναι ή μηδέν ή μονάδα. Στη συνέχεια προχωράμε στην εύρεση των συναρτήσεων ευαισθησίας κατάστασης για την περίπτωση που έχουμε παραμέτρους τύπου λ, αφού δούμε πρώτα το πότε μπορούμε να χρησιμοποιήσουμε το μειωμένο ονομαστικό μοντέλο. Επί πλέον, εξετάζουμε εν συντομία και τον καθορισμό των εξισώσεων ευαισθησίας εξόδου. Για την περίπτωση που έχουμε να μελετήσουμε και να συγκρίνουμε την παραμετρική ευαισθησία συστημάτων ανοικτού και κλειστού βρόχου καθώς επίσης και στην σύνθεση συστημάτων "αναίσθητων" σε παραμετρικές μεταβολές, είναι αναγκαίο να έχουμε έναν ορισμό ευαισθησίας που να είναι ανεξάρτητος από την μορφή του σήματος εισόδου, αλλά να εξαρτάται μόνο από την δομή του συστήματος. Αυτή η απαίτηση ικανοποιείται με τους ορισμούς ευαισθησίας στο πεδίο συχνότητας, οι οποίοι βασίζονται στην συνάρτηση μεταφοράς ή στον πίνακα μεταφοράς του συστήματος. Εξετάζουμε τη συνάρτηση ευαισθησίας του Bode, τη συνάρτηση ευαισθησίας του Horowitz και τη συγκριτική συνάρτηση ευαισθησίας των Perkins και Cruz. Η τελευταία μπορεί να γενικευθεί και σε μη γραμμικά, χρονικά μεταβαλλόμενα συστήματα. / The sensitivity of systems is an important theme of Systems Theory, which is covered to an introductory level in this work. The sensitivity concerns differences between the real system and the mathematical model: if some parameters are quite different between the real system and the mathematical model and the behavior of the system depends strongly on these parameters, the utility of the mathematical model will be very little if we do not know both the parametric sensitivity of the system, i.e. the effect of changes in parameters on the dynamic behavior of the system. A key role is played by simulating the state sensitivity equations. First we determine the state of sensitivity equations for parameters of type a and show that the state of sensitivity functions of a continuous system with time invariant parameters are always determined by a linear system of differential equations with zero initial conditions. Then we expand and find the state sensitivity functions for the case where we have parameters of type b and we see that here the situation sensitivity equations are always linear and the initial conditions are zero. Then we move on finding state sensitivity functions for the type lambda parameters, after we look when the reduced nominal model can use. Moreover, we look briefly at the output sensitivity equations. In case we have to study and compare the parametric sensitivity of open and closed-loop systems as well as in the synthesis systems "unconscious" to parametric changes, it is necessary to have a definition of sensitivity that is independent of the input signal format, but can depend only on the structure of the system. This requirement is satisfied by the definitions of sensitivity in the frequency domain, which are based on the transfer function or the system operator panel. We examine the sensitivity function of Bode, the sensitivity function of Horowitz and the comparative context sensitivity of Perkins and Cruz. The latter can be generalized to nonlinear, time-varying systems.

Subsequent to preparation of a valid base estimate for a construction project tender, it is required to add a bid markup on top of the base estimate. While an exaggerated bid markup weakens the competitiveness of the contractor, an underestimated one makes the contractor susceptible to financial losses. Therefore, an effective and reliable bid markup estimation method is indispensable to the success of a contractor both at the tender and the performance stages. The prevalent practice among contractors is to identify a certain percentage to add on the base estimate relying on their judgment without substantial ex! plicit support. In this thesis, a case based decision support system, which will count on the experience of the top experts of Turkish international contractors, will be constructed. Meanwhile, factors which are essential to bid markup estimation are to be identified.

Θέμα της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση της θεωρίας του Αριστοτέλη για το πρώτο κινούν ακίνητο στο βιβλίο Λ (12ο), του έργου του "Μετά τα Φυσικά". Η πραγμάτευση του ζητήματος της ουσίας του πρώτου κινούντος ακινήτου, καταλαμβάνει κατά κύριο λόγο τα κεφάλαια 6,7 και 9 του βιβλίου Λ και παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον και πρωτοτυπία, γι’ αυτό και δικαίως απασχόλησε αρκετούς σχολιαστές. Στις απόψεις μερικών απ’ αυτών γίνεται αναφορά και στην παρούσα εργασία , σε μια απόπειρα να επεξηγηθούν, να τονιστούν αλλά και να "φωτιστούν", βασικά σημεία του αριστοτελικού κειμένου, όπως ακόμη και να διερευνηθούν κάποια από τα ερωτήματα που τυχόν εγείρει. / --

Cette thèse porte sur la diffusion et l’influence des idées d’Aristote en Chine de la fin de la dynastie Ming jusqu’à la période contemporaine. Le but de cette recherche consiste à cerner les impacts interculturels et à favoriser la compréhension des dialogues et des échanges entre la culture d’origine européenne et chinoise. Il était important de découvrir la traduction des oeuvres et les recherches spécialisées concernant la philosophie d’Aristote en Chine. Il semblait aussi pertinent de se pencher sur l’étude comparative entre la philosophie d’Aristote et quelques courants de pensée principaux de la Chine dans certains domaines, comme l’éthique et l’éducation de Confucius, la philosophie naturelle de Lao zi, la logique de Mo zi et la pensée politique de Han Feizi. Et pour conclure, il fallait reconnaître les influences considérables d’Aristote dans ces domaines en Chine. Cette étude s’appuie sur une base documentaire large et variée que j’ai dépouillée en France et en Chine. / This thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China.

In this thesis, the claim that a flourishing family life should be characterised as a social practice, according to Alasdair MacIntyre’s definition of a practice, is defended. Furthermore, it is argued that the social practice of making and sustaining family life pursues certain goods, the achievement of which are constitutive of the family’s flourishing. The argument proceeds through the following stages. In the first part I focus on the Aristotelian premises of the argument and set out MacIntyre’s theoretical framework. I then apply this framework of the relationship between practices and institutions and internal and external goods to the family. In the second part I explore three important contemporary moral theories and how they address what a flourishing family life involves. In doing so, I look at how the Aristotelian approach adopted in this thesis compares to these approaches. The three approaches explored are contemporary liberalism (in particular liberal perfectionism), liberal feminism and feminist care ethics. At the end of this part of the thesis I argue that a synthesis of the Aristotelian framework and the particular insights of care ethics will provide a richer view of what a flourishing family life involves. In the final part of the thesis I provide an outline of some of the goods internal to the practice of life and the different activities and relationships which are constitutive of these goods. I then go on to suggest how families often fail to flourish as a result of the pursuit of external goods as ends in themselves or due to a lack of external goods. The conclusion of this thesis and its original contribution to knowledge is twofold: firstly, that MacIntyre’s contemporary Aristotelianism in combination with the insights of care ethics provides the tools with which we can identify the goods that contribute to and constitute familial flourishing. Secondly, that in order to identify the barriers to flourishing that families encounter, we must first understand what the goods internal and external to the practice are. We must then ensure that the institutions designed to sustain the family subordinate the goods external to family life to the internal goods, which only family members themselves can achieve through co-operative activity with each other.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic positive-sense RNA virus of the Flaviviridae virus family and is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Like all obligate parasites, HCV relies on host pathways to enable its pathogenesis. HCV, in particular, has a clear link with hepatic lipid metabolism, promoting a lipid-rich environment for its proliferation. This manifests as liver steatosis in many patients harboring chronic HCV infection. Based on our recent findings regarding an immunometabolic and HCV antiviral microRNA (miRNA), miRNA-185 targeting and down regulating serine hydrolases (SH) involved in lipid and endocannabinoid metabolism, here we investigate HCV and its dependency on certain metabolic serine hydrolases involved in lipid and endocannabinoid metabolism. Serine hydrolases are one of the largest and most diverse enzyme families. This enzyme family has emerged as a center of therapeutic potential due to its implications in many metabolic roles. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of metabolic serine hydrolases alpha-beta hydrolyzing domain 6 (ABHD6), carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL), enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the endogenous cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) agonist 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) are potently antiviral against HCV. Serine hydrolase inhibition with the MGLL inhibitor MJN110 paired with endocannabinoid signaling antagonization led to additive antiviral effects against HCV and has revealed modulation of the viral pathogenic phenotype to be its key course of action. MGLL inhibitor MJN110 transcriptomic characterization revealed modulations in humoral immunity and phagocytosis and acts antiviraly against HCV independent of CB1 antagonization. This provides an avenue for future investigation, assessing the viability of CB1 antagonization, and MGLL as a key host targeted antiviral factor in affecting HCV viral life cycle.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Bezerra Nunes.pdf: 658733 bytes, checksum: ec1b92bcab264d8eafd5d2bb1cd915ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-20 / Our objective was to redeem, by through editorials of Semanario Búsqueda, the construction of liberal hegemony during the military dictatorship in Uruguay, from 1973 until 1985. We search to show your ideas, since 1973, postulating a project of social hegemony, a vision of the world establishmented in the criticize intellectual and moral, objected the defense of reform economic orientated the formation of news socials relationships. Hence, of reading that Búsqueda did in relation the several events. Occurred during the military dictatorship, as, for example, the closure of the congress, the CNT strike under coup storm, the cassations of politicians, the anticommunism, the dialogues between policians parties and militaries point the basis for the redemocratization. We conclude that his ideology had bee in accordance with the decisions of Uruguayan Bobapartismo, claracterized fundamentally for super explorartion of the working class / Nosso objetivo foi resgatar, através dos editoriais do Semanario Búsqueda, a construção da hegemonia liberal durante a ditadura militar no Uruguai, que vai 1973 a 1985. Para isso, estudamos de forma aprofundada os editoriais de tal jornal. Buscamos mostrar suas idéias, a partir de 1972, postulando um projeto de hegemonia social, ou seja, uma visão de mundo fundada na crítica intelectual e moral e objetivada à defesa de reformas econômicas, orientada à formação de novas relações sociais. Portanto, a partir da leitura que Búsqueda faz em relação aos mais variados acontecimentos ocorridos durante a ditadura militar, como, por exemplo, o fechamento do Congresso, a greve da CNT (Confederación Nacional de Trabajadores) sob a tempestade do golpe, a expulsão de J.M. Bordaberry dos meandros do poder, em 1976, o plebiscito de 1980, as cassações de políticos, o anticomunismo, os diálogos entre partidos políticos e militares rumo às bases para a redemocratização, a eleição de J. M. Sanguinetti, etc, concluímos que sua ideologia sempre esteve em acordo com as decisões do bonapartismo uruguaio, caracterizado fundamentalmente pela superexploração da classe trabalhadora

La présente thèse se propose de réfléchir sur le caractère cinétique de la méthode analogique adopté dans le De motu animalium d’Aristote. En considèrant que l'objet du traité est la cause commune du mouvement et qu'Aristote en adopte une solution du type paradigmatique, d'une manière générale l'automotricité est le thème pendant que le membre articulé est le phore dans le raisonnement analogique du DMA. Nous considérons hypothétiquement que les stratégies plastiques sont le fil conducteur du raisonnement suivi par la recherche de la cause commune de la motricité pour tout mouvement. Notre double objectif général est, d’une part de tirer les acquis philosophiques sur le caractère immanent du principe du mouvement de la recherche menée dans le DMA et, d’autre part de percevoir le caractère cinétique et plastique de sa démarche, qui comporte des procédés méthodologiques dynamiques dans le but de s’adapter à l’objet. Ce que nous faisons en deux pas : premièrement par l’analyse des étapes de l’établissement du paradigme du membre articulé ; et en suite par l’analyse de l’analogie entre le membre articulé et l’automotricité animée. Les deux analyses visent saisir des éléments pour confronter les deux termes de l'analogie et vérifier la validité de toute la thèse et de la considération selon laquelle, la méthode analogique est un l'instrument plastique de la pensée de l'immanence. / This thesis proposes to reflect on the kinetic character of the analogical method adopted in De Motu Animalium of Aristotle. Considering that the object of the treatise is the common cause of the movement of animais, in general, automotricity is the "thème" while the articulated member is the ''phore" in De Motu's analogical reasoning. Hypothetically we consider that the plastic strategies of the analogical method of De motu are the guiding thread of the reasoning undertaken in the research on the common cause of the motility of ail animal movements. Our general double aim is: on the one hand, to take philosophical acquisitions on the immanent character of the principle of movement, and on the other hand, to grasp the kinetic and plastic character of this philosophical enterprise, which involves dynamic methodological procedures in view of the adaptation of the method to the object. We seek to achieve these objectives through two analyses: first, the analysis of the stages of the establishment of the articulated member paradigm (AMP), and then the analysis of the main analogy of the treatise, between the articulated limb and the animated automotricity. Through the two analyses we must gather the necessary elements to confront the two tenns of the main analogy, as well as to verify the general validity of the thesis and also the consideration according to which the analogical method of De Motu Animalium is a plastic instrument of the thought of immanence.

As the construction sector is becoming more competitive in recent years, it has become more important to estimate the duration and cost of the construction projects and to calculate the risks&rsquo / effects correctly. The aim of this thesis is to estimate the duration and cost of construction projects accurately using an activity based risk assessment method which is based on the integrated duration &ndash / cost influence network diagram model proposed by Tah and Poh (2006). Within the context of this thesis, a web based risk assessment tool using the integrated duration &ndash / cost influence network at an activity level is developed to estimate the possible cost overrun and delay in construction projects. Risk breakdown structure for construction projects is created which enables the evaluation of risk effects at an activity level. The developed tool uses Monte Carlo Simulation Technique and Risk Rating Method. The results of the developed tool are compared with those of traditional methods and the reliability of the developed tool is validated.