Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2008. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 47-01, page: . Adviser: Wendell C. Taylor. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Oregon State University, 2011. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka vilka sociala och psykologiska faktorer som kan vara av betydelse för unga kvinnors beslut till abort, samt studera deras upplevelser i samband med aborten. En kunskapsöversikt med kvalitativ metod har genomförts. Det empiriska materialet har bestått av 9 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet visar att samhällsnormer och värderingar, relationer till partner, föräldrar och vänner samt personliga värderingar och graden av egen medvetenhet är av betydelse för beslutet om abort. Kvinnornas sätt att förhålla sig till graviditeten, föreställning av fostret, samt mentalt stöd från närstående påverkade deras upplevelser av aborten. En viktig slutsats är att det bör strävas efter ett mer öppet och accepterande klimat i samhället gentemot unga gravida kvinnor. Utökat stöd och tydlig, objektiv information om kvinnans eget val vid ungdomsmottagningar skulle kunna leda till att unga gravida kvinnor ges större möjlighet att fatta självständiga beslut. / The aim of this study was to investigate the social and psychological factors that may be of importance for young women's decisions leading to abortion, and their experience from induced abortion. A knowledge review using the qualitative method of research with empirical information collected from 9 scientific articles. The result shows that social norms and values, relationships with partners, parents and friends, personal values and their degree of self-awareness are of importance for young women's decision on abortion. Women's ways of relating to the pregnancy and depicting the fetus as well as having mental support from close relatives affected their experiences of the abortion. An important conclusion is that a more open and accepting climate in society towards young pregnant women, together with mental support and objective information about women’s own choice in youth clinics, could lead to a greater opportunity for young pregnant women to make independent decisions.

The diploma thesis deals with the connection between human conscience and the Post Abortion Syndrome that is described in selected sources. The aim is an analysis of the role of the conscience in Post Abortive Syndrome. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter deals with the concept of conscience and its value in our lives as well as the question of when and how our conscience affects our behaviour. The next text focuses on the connection of our conscience and actions as well as our decision making. This connection is described from philosophical, theological and psychological points of view. The second chapter focuses on abortion and the difference between miscarriage and abortion. Furthermore, the reasons for undergoing abortion, methods of abortion, and possible consequences are described. The third chapter deals with the Post Abortion Syndrome, its definition and symptoms, and information how to help affected women. In the last chapter are summarized the information and is presented the connection between conscience and Post Abortive Syndrome. The information from primary and secondary sources is supplemented with interviews with professional who come in touch with women affected by the Post Abortive Syndrome. These interviews are very valuable for deeper insight.

This dissertation deals with a theological-ethical evaluation of the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 on the area of abortion on demand. It aims at empowering women and also solving the problem of backstreet abortion. Chapter one gives a brief introduction to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996. Chapter two gives a historical background of abortion and the factors tbat eventually led to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996. Chapter three focuses mainly on the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church on abortion. Issues relating to the value of human life are discussed in this chapter. Is~~es relating to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 and their theologicalethical in.Jplications are discussed in this chapter, i.e. chapter four. Empowering of women, sex education, instilling good moral values to the youth and also changing the pastoral attitude of churches towards sexuality can help to alleviate the problem of unwanted pregnancy. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Theological Ethics)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-06T23:46:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013 / Introdução: A tentativa de se conhecer mulheres que realizam abortamento sempre foi tarefa ardua e a partir da decada de 80 comecou a se investigar essa questao, tendo inicio busca por esses numeros e o perfil dessas. No Brasil, a legislacao sobre o abortamento encontra-se entre as mais restritivas, crime previsto pelo Codigo Penal com penalidades para a mulher e para o medico que o praticam. No entanto, a interrupcao voluntaria da gravidez e permitida por lei em situacoes especiais, entre elas em casos de gravidez resultante de estupro. Em alguns estudos foram encontrados 20% de casos que tiveram desistencia em dar continuidade a interrupcao dessa gestacao. Inumeros sao os motivos que podem levar essas mulheres a nao realizacao do abortamento, porem pouco se sabe sobre o perfil dessas mulheres. Assim, nesta perspectiva, buscou- se destacar no presente estudo o perfil de mulheres que desistem de realizar o abortamento apos dar inicio a sua solicitacao. E, identificar suas caracteristicas de acordo com os dados inicialmente levantados em prontuarios.Objetivo: Caracterizar fatores associados na mudanca de decisao em realizar o abortamento de gestacao decorrente de violencia sexual. Metodo: foram avaliados 1236 prontuarios junto ao Hospital Perola Byington u referentes ao periodo de agosto de 1994 a dezembro de 2012. Todas as mulheres sob analise tiveram autorizacao para a realizacao do aborto legal. Tomando-se como resposta ter ou nao realizado o aborto consentido e como independentes a variaveis disponiveis no prontuario recorreu-se a analise de regressao logistica multipla para determinar os fatores expressivos para a explicacao da desistencia do abortamento. Resultados: os fatores relacionados a baixa escolaridade, conhecimento do agressor e serem abordadas na residencia do agressor foram significantes para a desistencia do abortamento. Enquanto que as outras variaveis, de forma isolada, nao apresentaram significancia estatistica. No entanto, quando analisadas associacoes das variaveis observou interacoes entre as variaveis religiao com escolaridade e com autor conhecido sendo, portanto, significativas para a desistencia do abortamento. Conclusao: Ter religiao aumenta as chances de nao realizar abortamento quando a escolaridade e superior ao ensino fundamental ou o autor da violencia ser conhecido da vitima / Introduction: The attempt to meet women undergoing abortion has always been an arduous task and from the 80's began to investigate this question, starting the search for these numbers and the profile of these. In Brazil, the law on abortion is among the most restrictive offense under the Criminal Code with penalties for the woman and the doctor who practice it. However, abortion is permitted by law in special situations, including in cases of pregnancy resulting from rape. In some studies found 20% of cases were withdrawn in continuing to interrupt this gestation. There are countless reasons that may lead these women not to perform the abortion, but little is known about the profile of these women. So with this in mind we sought to highlight in this study the profile of women who give up performing abortion after initiate your request. And, identify their characteristics according to the data initially collected from medical records. Objective: Characterize factors associated with the change of decision to perform the abortion of pregnancy resulting from sexual violence. Method: 1236 records were assessed with the Hospital Perola Byington, for the period August 1994 to December 2012. All women under analysis were allowed to perform legal abortion. Taking an answer whether or not abortion consented and performed as independent variables available in the medical record resorted to multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the significant factors to explain the withdrawal of abortion. Results: factors related to low education, knowledge of the perpetrator and be addressed at the residence of the offender were significant for the withdrawal of abortion. While the other variables, in isolation, is not statistically significant. However, when analyzed associations of variables observed interactions between variables with religious education and author known and is therefore significant for the withdrawal of abortion. Conclusion: Have religion increases the chances of not performing abortions when schooling is higher than the school or the author of violence is known to the victim. / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Much of the research on abortion is concerned with determining women’s psychological outcomes post-abortion. There is a small, but increasing, body of research around women’s experiences of abortion (conducted predominantly in Scandinavian countries where abortion laws are liberal). However, research around the decision-making process regarding abortion, particularly research that locates the decision to have an abortion within the economic, religious, social, political, and cultural aspects of women’s lives and that looks at women’s narratives, is virtually non-existent. Drawing on Foucauldian and feminist post-structuralism as well as a narrative-discursive approach, this study sought to explore women’s micro-narratives of the abortion decision-making process in terms of the discourses used to construct these micro-narratives and the subject positions made available within these discourses. This study also sought to determine whether the power relations referred to by participants contributed to unsupported and unsupportable pregnancies and the implications this had for reproductive justice. Purposive sampling was used to recruit a total of 25 participants from three different abortion facilities in the Eastern Cape. Participants were ‘Black’ women, mostly unemployed and unmarried with ages ranging between 19 and 35 years old. In analysing and interpreting participants’ narratives, the picture that emerged was an over-arching narrative in which women described the abortion decision as something that they were ‘forced’ into by their circumstances. To construct this narrative, women justified the decision to have an abortion by drawing on discourses that normalise certain practices located within the husband-wife and parent-child axes and make the pregnancy a problematic, unsupported and unsupportable one. Gendered and generational power relations reinforced this and contributed to the denial of reproductive justice

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1305115 bytes, checksum: dc3e0c093e57cd04a5c87a3e887b75b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Abortion is considered an ethical problem of public health, and this stands just when there are conflicts between moral rights and obligations. So, actors are perceived in different scenes claiming a decision-making power about the life. They are doctors, lawyers, government officials and others. The reasons to investigate the abortion from these professionals are justified by the fact that these are representatives of biopower from an institutional place, whether in the health care of women in situations of abortion or in formulating the complaint and in the judgment and interpretation of the rights. Objectives: to analyze the beliefs of health-care professionals and jurists about the abortion and selective abortion. Method: the sample was composed of 16 health professionals (doctors, nurses and psychologists), as well as by 10 professionals of law (prosecutors and judges). Initially, a type structured interview was conducted with the participants in order to investigating their beliefs about selective abortion and the abortion. Then, they replied to a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency, average, standard deviation). The interviews were operationalized based in categories, processed in a series of steps. Results: the data of questionnaire pointed out a rigid position of the participants regarding the change in criminal legislation on abortion, which are greatly influenced by their religious beliefs. There was a lack of information from professionals about the documentation required for the authorization of the practice of legal abortion and fetal malformation. For interviews, emerged two thematic classes: abortion and selective abortion. The first covered the categories: attitude, legal aspects, bio psychosocial aspects and coping proposals. The second covered the categories attitude and legal aspects. The beliefs contrary to abortion practice focused on heteronomy and sacredness of life. Favorable beliefs, in turn, emerged only among health professionals, anchored in the perspective of reproductive and sexual rights, reducing risks and damage and, finally, on women's autonomy over their own body. Jurists had a stiffer punishment on the positioning of women who practice abortion. The participants suggested the public politics and education, as sexual education, adoption programs, psychological and social assistance and, for the ones who showed favorable beliefs, its decriminalization in order to reduce risk and damage of unsafe abortion for the confrontation of abortion. In General, some beliefs have referred strictly to the group of jurists, because of the peculiarities of this profession. Others, however, seemed not to relate to the professional group itself, but other aspects which may demarcate groups, following the example of beliefs linked to heteronomy of life and, in contrast, reproductive autonomy. Conclusion: the Brazilian society needs to broaden the discussion of abortion. It s necessary to exit of the extremes "against" and "favour" abortion and see that this topic is of a complexity that cannot be summarized by these words, or terminate the legal or ethical point of view, unlike, cover a wide range of considerations, which might be observed throughout this study. / O aborto é considerado um problema ético de saúde pública, e este se sobressai justamente quando existem conflitos entre os direitos e os deveres morais. Nesse sentido, são percebidos vários atores, em cenas diferentes, que reivindicam um poder de decisão sobre a vida, sejam médicos, juristas, governantes e outros providos de poderes Os motivos de se investigar o aborto a partir desses profissionais justificam-se pelo fato destes serem representantes do bio-poder, de um poder de decisão sobre a vida a partir de um lugar institucional, seja na assistência à saúde das mulheres em situações de aborto, seja na formulação da denúncia, no julgamento e interpretação dos direitos. Objetivos: Analisar as crenças dos profissionais de saúde e dos profissionais de direito sobre o aborto provocado e o aborto seletivo. Método: A amostra foi composta por 16 profissionais de saúde (médicos ginecologistas/obstetras, enfermeiros e psicólogos), bem como por 10 profissionais de direito (promotores de justiça e juízes de direito). Inicialmente, foi realizada uma entrevista do tipo semi-estruturada com os participantes da pesquisa com a finalidade de investigar suas crenças sobre o aborto seletivo e o aborto provocado. Em seguida, estes responderam a um questionário auto-aplicável. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados através de estatística descritiva (frequência, média, desvio padrão). As entrevistas foram operacionalizadas com base em categorias determinadas a partir dos sentidos suscitados, processados em uma série de etapas. Resultados: Os dados do questionário apontaram uma posição rígida dos participantes quanto à mudança na legislação penal sobre o aborto, os quais são influenciados sobremaneira por suas crenças religiosas. Observou-se um desconhecimento dos profissionais sobre a documentação necessária para a autorização da prática do aborto legal e em caso de malformação fetal grave. Em relação às entrevistas, emergiram duas classes temáticas: Aborto provocado e aborto seletivo. A primeira abarcou as categorias: atitude, aspectos jurídicos, aspectos biopsicossociais e propostas de enfrentamento. A segunda abrangeu as categorias atitude e aspectos jurídicos. As crenças contrárias à prática do aborto centraram-se na heteronomia e sacralidade da vida. As crenças favoráveis, por sua vez, emergiram apenas dentre os profissionais de saúde, ancorados na perspectiva dos direitos reprodutivos e sexuais, na redução de riscos e danos e, por fim, na autonomia da mulher sobre seu próprio corpo. Os profissionais de direito apresentaram um posicionamento mais rígido quanto à punição das mulheres que praticam aborto. No tocante às propostas de enfrentamento a essa prática, os profissionais afirmaram a necessidade de políticas públicas e de educação, contemplando a educação sexual, os programas de adoção, a assistência social e psicológica e, para os que apresentaram crenças favoráveis, a sua descriminalização a fim de reduzir riscos e danos do aborto inseguro. No geral, algumas crenças referiram-se estritamente ao grupo de profissionais de direito, devido às especificidades desta profissão. Outras, no entanto, pareceram não se relacionar ao grupo profissional em si, mas a outros aspectos que também podem demarcar grupos, a exemplo de crenças vinculadas à concepção de heteronomia da vida e, contrariamente, de autonomia reprodutiva. Considerações finais: A sociedade brasileira precisa ampliar a discussão sobre o aborto. É necessário sair dos extremos contra e a favor do aborto e enxergar que essa temática é de uma complexidade que não pode ser resumida por essas palavras, nem se encerram no ponto de vista jurídico ou deontológico, ao contrário, abrangem um leque variado de considerações, as quais puderam ser observadas ao longo deste trabalho.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the demographic and psycho-social characteristics of a sample of 60 adolescents divided in two groups of 30 subjects each one (pregnant adolescents and adolescents with an induced abortion) and compare them. The results indicated the existence of some differences between both groups that may be relevant in the decision to have an abortion, for example the adolescent's age and occupation, her desire to become pregnant, the number of past pregnancies, the baby's father reaction to the pregnancy and the adolescent satisfaction and necessity of social support. / La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características demográficas y psicosociales de una muestra de 60 adolescentes divididas en dos grupos de 30 sujetos cada una (adolescentes gestantes y adolescentes que han tenido un aborto inducido) y compararlas entre sí. Los resultados indicaron que existen algunas diferencias entre ambos grupos que pueden ser importantes en la decisión de aborto, como la edad y ocupación de la adolescente, su deseo de salir embarazada, el número de embarazos previos, la reacción del padre del bebé al embarazo y la satisfacción y la necesidad del soporte social en la adolescente.

Orientador: Aloisio Jose Bedone / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T08:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_DanielaForneldeOliveira_M.pdf: 972669 bytes, checksum: 320b3154e074527b3b86e49612602038 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Introdução: O aborto inseguro corresponde a uma das principais causas de mortalidade materna no mundo. Na última década, o acesso a métodos seguros para o aborto, principalmente o misoprostol, tem contribuído para um declínio nos relatos de morbidade relacionada ao aborto. Na cidade de Campinas, a mortalidade materna por aborto, que era uma das primeiras causas de morte na década passada, parece ter-se reduzido consideravelmente. Esses dados podem refletir o maior uso de misoprostol pelas mulheres que optam por induzir o aborto. Objetivos: Verificar a proporção de abortos induzidos com misoprostol e outros métodos, e comparar as complicações observadas. Sujeitos e Métodos: De julho de 2008 a abril de 2009 as mulheres internadas com diagnóstico de aborto em dois hospitais de Campinas foram entrevistadas e submetidas a uma lista de verificação que continha os critérios da OMS para a classificação de abortos induzidos. De acordo com estes critérios, as mulheres foram classificadas como abortos possivelmente, provavelmente e certamente induzidos; as mulheres que não apresentaram qualquer um dos critérios foram classificadas como abortos espontâneos. As pacientes classificadas como aborto possível, provável ou certamente provocado, responderam também a um questionário. Resultados: Das 543 mulheres internadas com diagnóstico de aborto, 5 não tiveram suas entrevistas concluídas e foram identificadas 259 (48%), que possivelmente, provavelmente ou certamente provocaram o aborto: 222 (85,7%), 11(4,3%) e 26 (10,0%), respectivamente. Dentre os 259 questionários aplicados, somente 25 mulheres assumiram ter feito uso de algum método para indução do aborto e dentre estas apenas 9 referiram uso de misoprostol. O número de complicações infecciosas e hemorrágicas observado foi pequeno. Foram observadas diferenças significativas nos índices de complicações entre mulheres que assumiram a indução do aborto em relação àquelas que não assumiram. Entretanto esta diferença não foi significativa entre as mulheres que usaram misoprostol e as que usaram outros métodos. A única variável que esteve relacionada significativamente com tipo de aborto e complicações foi o estado marital: as mulheres sem parceiro fixo apresentaram maior índice de abortos provavelmente e certamente induzidos e de complicações hemorrágicas. Oitenta por cento das mulheres que disseram não desejar a gravidez estavam usando métodos contraceptivos. Conclusão: Houve um número pequeno de abortos confessadamente induzidos e uma baixa incidência de complicações. A coincidência do estudo com notícias de perseguição policial a mulheres que abortaram pode ter interferido na disposição dessas pacientes em relatar manobras, enquanto o uso de misoprostol exclui sinais da indução. Os dados confirmam o conceito generalizado de ter havido uma redução na freqüência e gravidade das complicações associadas à prática do aborto; entretanto não permitem verificar até que ponto o uso de misoprostol é responsável por essa redução, como observada em outros estudos. Será necessário esperar algum tempo até que essas notícias de perseguição policial às mulheres que abortaram saiam da mídia e fiquem esquecidas, para se tentar obter informações mais verídicas. Além disso, faz-se necessário repetir estudos mais apurados sobre mortalidade materna que permitam verificar se efetivamente a mortalidade materna associada ao aborto é tão baixa como aparece nas estimativas oficiais. / Abstract: Introduction: The unsafe abortion corresponds to one of the major causes of maternal death in the world. During the last decade, the access to safer methods to abortion, mainly misoprostol, has contributed to decrease of abortion morbidity. In Campinas, the maternal mortality by abortion seems to have fallen considerably. This can have occurred because of the great use of misoprostol by women who chose to induce the abortion. Objectives: Verify the proportion of induced abortion with misoprostol and other methods, and to compare the complications observed. Subjects and methods: From July 2008 until April 2009, the women who had an abortion and were admitted to two hospitals in Campinas were interviewed, a check-list with the WHO criteria of induced abortion was used to verify if the abortion was induced or not. To obtain more information about women whose abortion was classified as possible, provable or certainly induced a structured pre-tested questionnaire was applied. Results: Among 543 women hospitalized due to abortion, 5 women din't finish their interview and 259 women (48%) had their abortion classified as possible, probable or certainly induced: 222 (85,7%), 11(4,3%) e 26 (10,0%), respectively. Only 25 women (among 259 questionnaires obtained) assumed to have induced abortion and only 9 of these reported the use of misoprostol. The incidence of infection and hemorrhagic complications was small. There was a significant difference between complications rates in women that assumed have induced abortion and in women that didn't assume it. However, there was no significant difference between complications in women that used misoprostol and in women that used other methods. The marital status was the only sociodemographic characteristic that demonstrated some relation with abortion classification and with complications: women without a partner had a superior rate of probable and certainly induced abortion and hemorrhagic complications. Eighty percent of women who didn't desire the gestation were using contraceptives methods. Conclusion: There was a small number of assumed induced abortions and a low incidence of complications. The coincidence of this study with news of police prosecution of women suspected of induced abortion may have interfered on women willingness to be sincere, while the use of misoprostol prevents any sign of induction. The data confirm the opinion that the frequency and severity of abortion complications had gone down, but do not allow to verify which role misoprostol played in that process. It will be necessary to wait some time until those news of police prosecution disappear from the headlines to then be possible to obtain more reliable data. Besides that, it is necessary to execute detailed studies about maternal mortality, which allow us to verify if the rate of maternal mortality related with abortion is as low as the national statistics rate. / Mestrado / Tocoginecologia / Mestre em Tocoginecologia