Global ETD Search

11	The consequences of ambivalent political attitudes Gwiasda, Gregory W. 13 July 2005 (has links) No description available. Political Science, General ambivalence abstention information seeking political psychology third party support
12	Context Sensitive Civic Duty : An Experimental Study of how Corruption Affects both a Duty to Vote and a Duty to Abstain Engström, Simon January 2021 (has links) In this thesis I explore a novel context sensitive conceptualisation of civic duty according to which the conduct (or misconduct) of elected officials affects whether eligible voters feel either a duty to vote (DTV) or a duty to abstain (DTA). Specifically, I argue that under conditions of corruption the norm of electoral accountability may override peoples’ sense of DTV in which case they instead feel a DTA. This context sensitive account is contrasted with a Kantian account of civic duty according to which eligible voters feel a duty to always vote, regardless of contextual factors. The empirical results provides tentative support for the claim that corruption not only decreases eligible voters’ sense of DTV but also increases their sense of DTA. This thesis thus contributes not only to the advancement of the conceptualisation of civic duty in relation to voter turnout, but its results also has important implications for how the rational choice perspective approaches the cost/benefit analysis commonly associated with the voting decision. In the latter case these results indicate that abstainers too may act out of duty and can therefore be assumed to gain positive utility from their abstention. However, the possibility that abstention (just as voting) yields unique costs and benefits has to my knowledge never been acknowledged in the rational choice literature on voter turnout. I therefore conclude by presenting a novel suggestion of how the potential costs and benefits of abstention can be incorporated into the calculus of voting. electoral turnout voting abstention civic duty civic duty to vote civic duty to abstain expressive voting expressive non-voting expressive abstention rational choice public choice calculus of voting utility maximization rationality Kant kantianism Political Science Statsvetenskap
13	Faultless dismissal: assessing the substantive fairness in dismissal for operational requirements Masumbe, Paul Sakwe January 2013 (has links) No description available.
14	Faultless dismissal: assessing the substantive fairness in dismissal for operational requirements Masumbe, Paul Sakwe January 2013 (has links) No description available.
15	Faultless dismissal: assessing the substantive fairness in dismissal for operational requirements Masumbe, Paul Sakwe January 2013 (has links) Magister Legum - LLM Operational requirements Retrenchment Substantive fairness Managerial prerogative Commercial rationale Showing deference Business restructuring Viable alternative Intervention Abstention
16	La fin de vie médicalisée et l'apprentissage de la réflexion éthique des étudiants de fin de deuxième cycle Sainte-Marie, Charlotte. Ferrand, Édouard. January 2006 (has links) (PDF) Thèse d'exercice : Médecine. Médecine générale : Paris 12 : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 52-56.
17	An explanation of declining voter turnout: the case of Richmond, Virginia, 1880-1913 Aughenbaugh, John M. 10 November 2009 (has links) Voter turnout in the United States began to decline at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, and since then, turnout has not returned to the high percentages that were commonplace in the 1860s and 1870s. Numerous scholars point to the late 1800s and early 1900s as the era when significant changes in voting, turnout, and political party competition took place. Many of these same scholars contend that the consequences of these changes, such as continuing low voter turnout, can be seen today. Yet, scholars have made very few efforts to connect what happened in the past to what is happening today. In this thesis I attempt to examine the root causes of declining voter turnout in the United States at the turn of the 20th century. The significance of this examination rests with the thought that if we can understand why voter turnout began to fall we may then have a clearer sense of why low voter turnout persists today. Specifically, this study tests two competing theoretical models, one by V.O. Key and Walter Dean Burnham and the other by Richard Cloward and Frances Fox Piven, that claim to explain how and why turnout began to fall in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Both models use the same variables -- voting statutes, political party competition, and voter turnout -- to explain this fall, but the models place these variables in different time sequences.. This thesis tests the models by examining dynamics found in a single city -- Richmond, Virginia. Richmond affords an opportunity to inspect dynamics of voter turnout at the turn of the 20th century in a geographic area of the country that neither model used as a basis for its theoretical propositions. / Master of Arts LD5655.V855 1992.A844 Richmond (Va.)
18	La carence de l'administration / The deficiency of the administration Parinet, Pauline 08 December 2017 (has links) La carence de l’administration est à la fois évocatrice et ambigüe. Évocatrice pour l’administré, car elle ravive les mauvais souvenirs administratifs de chacun. Ambigüe pourtant, pour le juriste, car la carence évoque spontanément de multiples termes qui en sont proches, comme l’inertie ou l’abstention. Elle doit néanmoins en être distinguée et peut être définie comme le résultat de certaines inactions : celles qui n’auraient pas dû avoir lieu. Ainsi, la reconnaissance d’une carence administrative a une fonction : elle signale un comportement passif inadmissible. Elle dénonce à la fois une utilisation insuffisante de ses moyens pour remplir sa mission et une inaction administrative abusive. Le caractère anormal de l’inaction dénoncée par cette reconnaissance implique, alors, une réaction du système juridique, afin que le manque constaté ne puisse échapper à toute sanction, que celle-ci soit juridictionnelle ou non. / The deficiency of the administration is meaningful and also ambiguous. Meaningful as it brings back administrative bad memories for every citizen. But ambiguous, for jurists, as the deficiency naturally reminds them of many terms which are very close, such as lethargy or abstention. Nevertheless, the deficiency has to be distinguished from these terms and can be defined as the result of some inactions : the ones which should not have happened. The recognition of the administrative deficiency has thus a function : highlighting an unacceptable passive behaviour. What it means an insufficient use of its means to fulfil its mission and an abusive abstention. So, the abnormal nature of this inaction highlighted by this recognition needs a reaction of the legal system, in order to condemn this noted lack, jurisdictionally or not. Carence Administration Inaction Abstention Omission Manquement Défaut Lacune Moyens Retard Obligation Devoir Diligence Efficacité Décision implicite Recours en carence Ombudsman Injonction Astreinte Référé Substitution d’action Autorisation de plaider Responsabilité Deficiency Administration Inaction Abstention Fault Failure Capability Delay Obligation Duty Diligence Efficiency Implied decision Summons Penalty Replacement of action Plead authorization Responsibility
19	La participation a l'infraction internationale. / The participation in the international crime Duffourc, Marie 12 December 2013 (has links) Qu’elle soit extranationale, transnationale ou internationale par nature, l’infraction internationale est toujours construite de la même manière : elle naît de la réunion d’un élément matériel et d’un élément moral, incluant parfois un élément contextuel. Cette constance structurelle dominant la diversité définitionnelle milite en faveur d’une unification des formes de la participation associées à ces infractions internationales : la spécificité de la participation à l’infraction internationale résiderait donc dans la spécificité, non des formes de la première, mais de la définition de la seconde. D’ailleurs, il n’existe que deux grands systèmes de participation applicables à l’infraction internationale : celui des juridictions pénales nationales et celui des juridictions pénales internationales. De leur comparaison, pourrait naître un système unique de participation à l’infraction internationale, permettant de mieux appréhender la criminalité collective en attribuant aux participants intellectuels une place plus juste au sein de la participation. En effet, après quelques adaptations nécessaires, il pourrait être fait appel au critère mixte du contrôle sur l’infraction internationale, développé récemment par la Cour pénale internationale, pour distinguer les formes principales des formes secondaires de la participation à l’infraction internationale. Ainsi, seraient des participants principaux les agents qui, avec l’état d’esprit idoine, prennent le contrôle de l’infraction internationale (coauteurs et auteurs intellectuels), tandis que seraient des participants secondaires les agents qui ne prennent pas un tel contrôle (complices par aide ou assistance et subordonnants). / Can it be extranational, transnational or international by nature, the international crime is always the same : it needs the reunion of a material element and a moral element, sometimes including a contextual element. This structural constancy, which dominates the definitional diversity, inclines us to campaign for the unification of the participation forms associated to the whole international crimes. In other words, the specifity of the participation in the international crime would be less due to the specifity of the first one’s forms than to the specifity of the second one’s definition. Now, there are only two grand systems of participation in the international crime : the one applied by the national criminal jurisdictions and the one applied by the international criminal jurisdictions. From the comparison of these two systems, it is possible to imagine a unique system of participation in the international crime, permitting a better understanding of the collective criminality by attributing a righter role to the intellectual participants within the participation. More precisely, and after a few necessary adaptations, control over the international crime, which is a mixed criterion recently developed by the International Criminal Court, could be used to distinguish the main forms from the secondary forms of participation in the international crime. Thus, main participants might be those who, with the suitable state of mind, take control over the international crime (co-perpetrators and intellectual perpetrators) while secondary participants might be those who don’t take such a control (accomplices by aid and assistance and “subordinators”). Abstention Action intellectuelle Action matérielle Action par un intermédiaire Aide Assistance Autorité Capacité d’influence Causalité Coaction Complicité Contrôle Emprunt de criminalité Entente Entreprise criminelle commune Fait d’autrui Imputation Infraction collective Infraction internationale Instigation Participation principale Participation secondaire Subordination Abstention Aiding and abetting Authority Borrowing of criminality Capacity of influence Causality Collective crime Commission through another person Common plan Complicity Control Co-Perpetration Imputation Instigation Joint criminal enterprise Intellectual perpetration International crime Material perpetration Order Principal participation Secondary participation Subordination 340
20	LAVORO AUTONOMO E INTERESSI COLLETTIVI: RAPPRESENTANZA, ORGANIZZAZIONE E AZIONE SINDACALE DI TUTELA / Self-Employment and Collective Interests: Representation, Organization and Trade Union Action FERRARIO, SUSANNA 18 February 2008 (has links) La ricerca prende avvio dalla ricostruzione dei processi socio-economici che hanno portato alla crisi del modo di produzione taylorista-fordista. Muovendo da tali riflessioni, si constata come le imprese “post-fordiste” si avvalgano in misura crescente di lavoratori autonomi, un tempo coordinati e continuativi e, oggi, a progetto (artt. 61 e ss., d.lgs. 276/2003). Tali collaboratori sono, dunque, soggetti ad un potere (contrattuale) di coordinamento del committente che, alle volte, si somma ad una condizione di dipendenza economica dal committente medesimo. Si crea, quindi, una differenziazione interna all'area dell'autonomia coordinata che non pare adeguatamente valorizzata dal legislatore ordinario, ma che sembra interessare i sindacati. Il dato reale vede, infatti, agire rappresentanze varie, sicché occorre circoscrivere l'ambito di applicabilità degli artt. 39 e 40 Cost. L'assenza di un genuino interesse collettivo e di un'effettiva attività di autotutela inducono a ritenere che i collaboratori “forti” e il relativo associazionismo possano beneficiare delle sole tutele poste dagli artt. 2, 18 e 41 Cost. A conclusione si affrontano le problematiche che la ricostruzione così svolta solleva, ovverosia come garantire l'effettività delle tutele riconosciute al sindacalismo dei collaboratori “deboli” e come contemperare l'associazionismo dei collaboratori “forti” con il diritto antitrust comunitario. / The search starts with the reconstruction of socio-economic processes. Moving from these reflections, it's possible to see that today's companies take advantage of increasingly self-employed coordinated and continuous and, after d.lgs. 276/2003 “lavoratori a progetto”. These employees are, therefore, subject to a power (contractual) coordination of the customer that, at times, it adds up to a state of economic dependence by the same. It then creates an internal differentiation into autonomy area that does not seem properly valued by the ordinary legislator, but that seems to involve trade unions. Given that in reality there are different representations, we move to circumscribe the scope of applicability of the Arts. 39 and 40 Const. The absence of a genuine interest and genuine self activities suggest that employees "strong" and its associations can only benefit from the protections posed by Arts. 2, 18 and 41 Const. At the end tackling the problems so that the reconstruction turn raises, namely how to ensure the effectiveness of the safeguards recognized unionism collaborators "weak" and reconcile the associations of employees "strong" with the antitrust law. IUS/07: DIRITTO DEL LAVORO

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