(in English): The aim of presented master thesis is to suggest the optimization of articles processing in the Digital Library of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The present state of journal articles processing is described and the weaknesses are evaluated. The journal articles processing optimization is suggested in two steps. The first step is to choose only one integrated library system for journal articles processing. The second step is using the system of shared cataloging and the proper use of three external resources. The main contribution of this thesis is the deep evaluation of the external journal articles records resources and the process of shared cataloging. Fifteen journals were proposed to the process of shared cataloging and record downloading but only five of them are suitable for this process.

ThDr. Marketa Langer Praha, 2018 THE THEOLOGICAL LEGACY OF CZECH MODERNISM IN THE LIFE AND WORK OF FRANTIŠEK BÍLEK ABSTRACT This thesis looks at the life and work of the artist Frantisek B lek in relation to the theological legacy of Czech Catholic modernism at the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth century over three chapters. Its objective is to answer three questions: Was the artist the mystic he was perceived to be at the time? Can he be termed a modernist? What were his reasons for joining the Czechoslovak Church when it was founded in 1920? The study uses the method of hypotheses which are stated in advance in the questions posed, and then subsequently tested. Another method used is an analysis and comparison of the approach and attitudes of Czech society to the artist during his life. The introductory chapter describes the study's key indicators with a brief description of the issues, and also the form and structure used. Part A looks at the environment during the emergence of modern Europe; in particular the conditions giving rise to the struggle for modernism, the circumstances of the First Vatican Council, the Czech Catholic reform movement and the European modernism movement in relation to the central subject of this thesis, artist Frantisek B lek. Each of the three chapters looks at one...

Cette thèse présente les traductions des trois traités de navigation écrits en latin (et restés à ce jour inédits) par Giovanni Poleni, professeur de mathématiques, physique, astronomie, philosophie mécanique expérimentale, navigation et construction navale à l’université de Padoue : La meilleure manière de mesurer sur mer le chemin d’un vaisseau, indépendamment des observations astronomiques (1733), Dissertations latines sur les ancres portant sur La figure optimale selon laquelle les ancres peuvent être formées, De la technique la plus performante pour forger les ancres, La manière d’éprouver la force des ancres, soit leur résistance (1737), le troisième traité concerne l’amélioration de l’usage du cabestan : De Ergatae Navalis praestabiliore, facilioreque Usu, Dissertatio (1741). Ces trois traités furent primés par l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris (prix Rouillé de Meslay). Un corpus traduit de la correspondance latine de Poleni avec les savants européens, la traduction des programmes latins de ses cours de navigation ainsi qu’une enquête in situ à Venise, Vérone ou à Padoue furent nécessaires pour contextualiser les traités. La reconstitution grandeur nature de deux machines de navigation de Poleni : le cabestan et la machine pour mesurer la force du vent, réalisée par des étudiants de BTS Développement Réalisation Bois et des élèves de CAP Serrurerie Métallerie furent testées en mer. Le premier volume propose une biographie de Giovanni Poleni, les « appels à projets » de l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris (1733-1741), les traductions commentées des trois traités de Poleni ainsi que la reconstitution de ses machines. Le second tome regroupe les fac-similés des manuscrits ou des imprimés originaux de l’universitaire padouan. / This doctoral thesis presents the translation of the three shipping essays written in latin (and never translated until now) by Giovanni Poleni, professor of mathematics, physics, astronomy, mechanical and experimental philosophy, shipping and shipbuilding in the University of Padua: La meilleure manière de mesurer sur mer le chemin d’un vaisseau, indépendamment des observations astronomiques (1733), Dissertations latines sur les ancres about La figure optimale selon laquelle les ancres peuvent être formées, De la technique la plus performante pour forger les ancres, La manière d’éprouver la force des ancres, soit leur résistance (1737), the third essay relates how to improve the use of the ship's capstan: De Ergatae Navalis praestabiliore, facilioreque Usu, Dissertatio (1741).These three essays were rewarded by the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris (prize Rouillé de Meslay). A translated corpus of the Poleni's latin correspondence with the others European scholars, the translation of the latin programmes of his shipping courses and an on-site survey in Venice, Verona and Padua were required in order to contextualize the essays. The full-scale reconstruction of Poleni’s shipping machines: the capstan and the machine to measure the wind force, made by the students of BTS Development Achievement Wood and the pupils of CAP Metal Forming and Ironwork were tested in sea. The first volume provides a biography of Giovanni Poleni, the “Calls forProjects” of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris (1733-1741), the translations commented of the Poleni’s three shipping essays and the reconstruction of his shipping machines. The second one collects the manuscripts or original printouts' facsimile written by the Paduan academic.

Ethnographie, Kulturgeschichte oder Folkloristik? Die staatssozialistische Version der Volkskunde als wissenschaftliche Disziplin war nicht einfach zu definieren. Zwischen einer systemübergreifend kompatiblen Grundlagenforschung und einer spezifisch staatssozialistischen Anwendungsorientierung oszillierte die Arbeit der beiden wichtigsten Institute der ostdeutschen und tschechischen Volkskunde der 1970er und 1980er Jahre: des Wissenschaftsbereichs Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde des Zentralinstituts für Geschichte an der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR und des Instituts für Ethnographie und Folkloristik an der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten des wissenschaftlichen Wandels und der Arbeitsalltage der tschechischen und deutschen staatssozialistischen Akademie-Volkskunde ergaben sich aus den jeweiligen Traditionen und den zeitgenössischen Bezügen des Faches sowie aus den politischen Veränderungen seit Beginn der 1970er Jahre auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene. Es ergab sich für die Mitarbeiter beider Institute ein Perpetuum Mobile des Ressourcenwandels: Im wissenschaftlichen Bereich konnten Ressourcen über Forschungsaktivitäten zu politiknahen Themen erweitert werden, während mittels der verfügbaren Ressourcen in den Bereichen Politik und Öffentlichkeit aktiv dafür gesorgt werden konnte, dass gerade diese Themen ständig aktualisiert wurden. Nicht nur Erfolg und Scheitern der formell befugten Akteure, die Basis "im Plan" zu halten, lassen sich an konkreten Konflikten im Arbeitsalltag ablesen, sondern auch die jeweils aktivierten Ressourcen der Beteiligten. Daher bietet sich ein alltagsgeschichtlicher Zugang an. Mit Hilfe des transnationalen Vergleichs lassen sich system- wie national bedingte Charakteristika der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit im Staatssozialismus zwischen 1972 und 1990 herausarbeiten. / Cultural Engineers. Social anthropology at the Academies of Sciences in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia 1972-1990 Mapping two state socialist versions of social anthropology is one of the tasks of this thesis. Providing insight into academia as an example for a state socialist work place the thesis furthermore adresses interdisciplinary discussions about the distribution of power under the conditions of late state socialism. The thesis concentrates on the Academy of Sciences for its prominent role in state socialist research, both in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia. Here, the German Wissenschaftsbereich Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde with departments in Berlin, Rostock and Dresden, and the Czech Ustav etnografii a folkloristiku with departments in Prague and Brno, are of interest. Comparing the routines and conflicts that evolved after 1972 in these research institutes the thesis analyzes the working conditions of state socialist social anthropology in a non-university setting. Not only was the research of present or past folk cultures part of the work schedule. Another side of the coin was the implementation of cultural and social policies of the Communist Party. The study proves the strength of transnational comparison as a valid method for historiography and the strength of the model of resources as introduced by Mitchell Ash.

The dissertation explores the history and activities of the Brno-located Town and Country Planning Department of The Research Institute for Building and Architecture (RIBA) since its foundation in 1954 until its abolishment in 1994. As a part of the department functioning, a description of its main research tasks and publications, which had played an essential part while formulating theory and methodology of urban planning after the 2nd World War in Czechoslovakia, are introduced. Special attention is paid to tasks and publications whose authors and research workers applied interdisciplinary approaches and – in spite of the prevailing totalitarian regime – managed to apply their experience acquired abroad to produce highly influential works such as The Principles and Rules of Spatial Planning. Another objective of the dissertation is the creation of a complex bibliography of texts that were produced by the department (books, reports on the outcomes of research tasks that had been explored at the Town and Country Planning Department and that were released internally as handbooks serving research workers of the institute and other institutions focusing on building and architecture). Depictions of the Brno department of RIBA from the perspective of two of its significant representatives who have outlived the institution they had witnessed to be founded and to the functioning of which they had significantly contributed, become a key part of the text: Ing. arch. Vladimír Matoušek, CSc., the second head of the Town and Country Planning Department of RIBA and Ing. arch. Dušan Riedl, CSc., a theoretician of architecture and urban planning and a top expert on Czech national herritage. As the topic has not yet been subjected to scholarly research, the main objective of the work is to create the very first complex text on the Brno department of RIBA and its activities. The circumstances surrounding the constitution of RIBA in the context of other similarly functioning research institutes are pursued with a special focus on the fields of building, architecture and urban planning as well as legislative embedding of its foundation and functioning, its organization structure, staff, definition of taskmasters and the way the tasks were approached, relations to other institutions in the field, publishing activities and transfer of theoretical research outcomes to practice. The text also deals with the state of present-day research of architecture and urban planning. Archive material and publications released by the institute represent a predominant source of information about RIBA activities. They are now stored at the archive of ABF Foundation in Prague (the foundation has been administering both the archive and library of the Prague department of RIBA since its abolishment), at the library of The Institute for Spatial Development in Brno (the institute administers the library of the former Brno department) and at the Moravian Land Archive in Brno. Both of the archives have been thoroughly researched by the author. Critical reflections upon the urban-planning department of RIBA occurring in contemporary publications and periodicals are another important source of information which help to specify the character of its activities (recent literature mentions RIBA scarcely, a complex evaluation is still missing). Oral history reported by former employees of RIBA, who had contributed to the first-rate quality of its research activities.

Includes Van Allen thesis (M.S.)--University of Iowa, 1936, and thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Iowa, 1939.