This study examined the nature and extent of relations between Management of Technology [MOT] and cost management. It explores the roles of competencies and competency measurement in these relations and its associations with company performance. The problem statement asks how the MOT community deals with cost management, whether MOT-based cost management competencies can be isolated and measured, whether a tool for measurement can be created, tested and validated and indeed whether it can be used to assess relations between MOT-based cost management competencies and company performance. To answer these questions, a MOT-based cost management competency index is formulated, consisting of problem statements representing MOT-based cost management insights, knowledge and practices. Designed in the format of a typical research survey, the index is used to source data from sampled companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange [JSE]. Although too small a sample to generalise about the population, sufficient data is collected and processed with statistical software programs. A second set of variables, about financial performance of the responding companies, consists of Asset Turnover [ATO] and Return on Assets Managed [ROAM]. Data for these variables is sourced from their annual financial statements and processed into ATO and ROAM indicators. The combined research data set is used to critically describe statistical qualities of variables such as ATO, ROAM, MOT-based cost management competencies of company executives, their education and exposure to the executive management teams in their respective organizations. The research data is subsequently subjected to correlation analysis, as foundation for hypothesis testing. Among the relationships described by correlation analysis and warranting further examination with regression analysis, are associations between MOT-based cost management competencies and ATO and between Education and MOT-based cost management competencies. The former association is found to be not significant, having the research hypothesis rejected. A significant association between Education and MOT-based cost management competencies is indeed found. Utilizing regression equations yielded by the analyses, the predictive capacity of regression analysis is used to demonstrate results of interventions in those associations postulated in the research hypotheses. The study concludes that it achieved a qualified success in its first objective, which was to formulate a MOT-based cost management competency index, and to demonstrate its application as measurement and management tool on executive managers of JSE-listed companies. The study failed in its second objective, which was to demonstrate a significant association between MOT-based cost management competencies and financial performance of sampled companies. Critical perspectives on the data and the associations tested reveal important shortcomings in the research. These perspectives do though create opportunities for refinement of the MOT-based cost management competency index as measurement and management tool, validation of its status, and indeed demonstration of its business value to the MOT and business community in particular. In closure, the study was meant as a contribution to the discourse on a credo for MOT and the MOT body of knowledge, and it subjects itself to critical analysis by the research community so as to establish whether it succeeded in indeed making such a contribution. / Business Management / M.Tech. (Business Administration)

Museums and schools evolved as the definition of the concept of education to describe a lifelong process of developing knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that take place not only in the classroom, but also in a variety of formal and informal contexts and settings. In order to fulfil and extend the potential of the partnership, museum educators and school teachers should be assisted to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the museum-school collaboration. They should learn the difference between museums and classrooms. When the Botswana National Museum was established in 1968, the Botswana government aspired to avail information relating to Botswana customs, indigenous knowledge system and values to Botswana‘s future citizens, with the hope that the information and artefacts collected at the time would retell the story of Botswana to learners and the public alike. The Botswana National Museum, through its educational programmes, has the capability to help educate learners; make teaching and learning an exciting undertaking; and provide the opportunities for hands-on activities and interaction with real objects. In order to address the research question posed for this study, the researcher conducted open-ended interviews with a sample comprising 40 participants: 10 teachers, 10 learners, 10 museum employees and 10 curriculum developers. The data collected from the interviews were decoded and presented in narrative form. The responses were presented using three identified categories: the curriculum development process in Botswana; the typical learner activities in the classroom and in the Botswana National Museum; and collaboration between the Botswana National Museum and schools. The data analysis revealed that the curriculum development process in Botswana was exclusively done by curriculum developers. Learners, teachers and museum employees were not involved. The Botswana National Museum‘s education programmes are not familiar to all role-players. All role-players were positive regarding a possible collaboration with the Botswana National Museum. Generic and specific recommendations were put forward to this end. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)

作業基礎成本制度（Activity-Based Costing, ABC）為現行管理會計制度中，為較多企業所採用之制度，吳安妮教授在經過多年理論與實務之研究後，將ABC制度IT系統商品化，並與許多不同的制度整合為一體，命名為「作業價值管理系統（Activitiy Value Management System,AVMS）」，藉由作業價值管理能提供管理階層正確、即時、攸關之資訊，並協助其做出較適當之管理決策。 　　大數據（Big Data）被許多產業所使用，藉由歷史資料與未來預測，開創了新市場與新商業模式，而大數據也結合了許多制度，例如工業4.0、物聯網等，但卻沒有與管理會計相結合之研究，本研究藉由作業價值管理與產能管理之結合進行大數據之分析，初步的將管理會計與大數據結合，並同時協助個案公司發現有關產能管理之問題，並改善之。 　　本研究使用個案研究法，個案公司為一民防工程與地下空間設計之公司，藉由該個案公司所處產業之產業資料、未來趨勢、競爭者資料、作業價值管理資料等，分析找出個案公司之產能管理問題，並協助個案公司解決所發現之問題以提升管理之效率。 / Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a well-known management accounting method and used by many companies. After professor An Wu’s 30-years research, she put Activity-Based Costing into IT system and named it Activity Value Management System (AVMS). This system provides correct and immediate information for company’s manager which can help them making a good decision. 　　Big data Analysis is used by many industry for creating new markets and new business models. Big Data Analysis combined with many systems such as Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things (IOT), but there aren’t any integration with management accounting. In this thesis we will Integrate Activity Value Management and Capacity Management with Big Data Analysis. By doing so, this can help the company reviving and solving the problem of Capacity Management. 　　The thesis is a case study with a China Basement designing company. Using the industry information, future trends, Competitor information and AVM data we can not only figure out the problem of Capacity Management that the company is facing but also help the company solving them.

Familjeföretag är den mest förekommande företagsformen i världen och forskningen kring familjeföretag har ökat markant under de senaste årtiondena. I takt med globalisering och företagsmässig tillväxt ställs det allt mer krav på företags ekonomistyrning, vilken oftast har en informell karaktär bland familjeföretag. För att ekonomistyrningen ska behålla sin funktion i detta lyfter forskare fram att den behöver inkludera ett mer strategiskt fokus med strategiska styrmedel som understödjer företagsvisionen, något som kan kräva att familjeföretagen genomgår en professionalisering genom inhämtning av extern kompetens. Huruvida strategiska styrmedel används bland familjeföretag eller inte, saknas det dock kvalitativ forskning om, varpå vi har vänt oss mot en familjeföretagsintensiv region som kännetecknas av hög ekonomisk tillväxt, den så kallade Gnosjöregionen. Studiens syfte är att öka förståelsen för vilken roll strategiska styrmedel har bland familjeföretagen i Gnosjöregionen. Detta har vi ämnat försöka göra genom att fokusera kring tre utvalda strategiska styrmedel, nämligen benchmarking, ABC-kalkylering och balanserat styrkort. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod, där data har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Detta för att öka möjligheten att skapa en djupare förståelse för det undersökta ämnet. Studiens resultat har påvisat att det enda av de undersökta styrmedlen som används formellt är benchmarking, detta genom kontinuerlig prestationsbenchmarking. Vidare har studiens resultat visat på tendenser att de två övriga strategiska styrmedlen ABC-kalkylering och balanserat styrkort används, men att det sker mer informellt. Emellertid ser vi ett ökat intresse och behov för dessa två strategiska styrmedel till följd av företagsmässig tillväxt. Vår slutsats är dock att för att familjeföretag lyckosamt ska kunna implementera dessa tre strategiska styrmedel, så räcker inte professionalisering genom att anställa en extern ekonomichef, utan det krävs en ytterligare professionalisering genom extern kompetens. / Family firms are the most common type of business in the world and the study of family firms has increased significantly over the recent decades. In line with globalization and business growth, the need for management accounting and control have increased which often has an informal characteristic in family firms. Scholars have warned that if management accounting and control is to maintain its relevance it needs to adapt a more strategic focus, through strategic management accounting and control instruments, to underline the vision of the business, which can create the need of professionalization of the family firm, through hiring external expertise. Whether strategic management accounting and control instruments is something that family firms are using or not, has not been investigated with qualitative research, which is why we have focused on a family firm intensive region characterized by high economic growth, the so-called region of Gnosjö. The purpose with this research is to increase the understanding of what role the strategic management accounting and control instruments have within family firms in the region of Gnosjö. We did so by focusing on three specifically chosen strategic management accounting and control instruments, explicitly benchmarking, activity based costing and the balanced scorecard. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, in which data was collected through semi-structured interviews. This is to increase the ability to create a deeper understanding of the examined subject. The results show that only one of the three surveyed instruments that is being used formally is benchmarking, which is primarily done through continuous performance benchmarking. Furthermore, the study results show tendencies that the two other strategic instruments, activity based costing and the balanced scorecard, is used but in a more informal way. However, we see an increased interest and a need for these two strategic instruments as a result of business growth. Our conclusion is however that if these three strategic management accounting and control instruments are to be successfully implemented in a family firm, professionalization by hiring an external CFO is not enough; instead it requires a further professionalization through external expertise.

隨著相關管理技術之發展，準確衡量個別顧客所帶來的利潤已非難事，除此之外，亦有越來越多學者發現大多數企業之利潤其實集中於少部分客戶身上，符合80/20法則，因此本研究乃以一個案銀行內部之授信顧客資料為研究樣本，結合公司內外部相關資訊，探討影響顧客授信利潤高低之因素為何，以幫助企業有效配置行銷資源，作為企業實行客戶關係管理之參考。 在研究變數方面，本研究先針對全部樣本探討顧客交易習性、本身屬性(如年數、規模、獲利能力、成長趨勢、創新程度)、銷售人員特質等對顧客利潤之影響，嗣後再將顧客依行業別與往來期間作一區隔，探討不同行業別與往來期間之顧客利潤影響因素是否相同。 本研究研究結果顯示，顧客交叉銷售數、年數、獲利能力、成長趨勢、創新程度等皆會對顧客利潤產生影響。在短期內，僅交叉銷售會對顧客造成影響，然在中長期，除了交叉銷售數外，顧客之年數、獲利能力、成長趨勢、創新程度等皆會對顧客利潤產生影響，由此可知，在短期內，個案公司所採行之交叉銷售策略係增進顧客利潤最有效之方式，然就中長期而言，仍須考量顧客本身的屬性(如年數、規模、獲利能力、成長趨勢、創新程度)與本身銷售人員之特質，因此，就長期而言，選擇正確之顧客與培育適當的銷售人員亦為增加顧客利潤之關鍵因素。然在行業別方面，非高科技業顧客之模式並不顯著，顯示非高科技業顧客利潤影響因素可能仍受其他因素影響，值得後續研究進一步探討。 / With the development of related management technology, it’s easier for business to measure the customer profitability now. In addition, there’re more and more researchers indicate that in most company the profitability are concentrated on a few customers, which is according to the 80/20 rule. Accordingly, this research combines internal and external information from one bank in Taiwan to analyze the factors that affect the loan customer profitability in that bank. The purpose of this research is try to help business allocate marketing resources effectively, and try to provide for business as a reference to implement CRM. In the respect of variables, at first this research tries to analyze the affection of customer trading style, customer attributes, sales person attributes to customer profitability, after that this research will try to analyze whether the affection factors are the same or not when customers are in different industry and have different transaction period. Finally, this research has found that customer cross-selling number, year, profitability ability, growth rate, innovation degree and sales person have affection on customer profitability. In short-term period, only customer cross-selling number will affect the customer profitability, and in long-term period, in addition to customer cross-selling number, other variables like customer year, profitability ability, growth rate, innovation degree and sales person will also affect customer profitability. It indicates that in short-term period, the cross-selling strategy adopt by the research company is the best most effective way to increase customer profitability. But in long-term, selecting the right customer and training adequate sales employers are also very important factors to increase customer profitability. When taking industry into consideration, this research has found that the variables mentioned above also have affection on the customer profitability in high technology industry, but in non-high technology industry, the statistic model is not significant and could be discuss by further researches.

台灣的高科技研發設計產業長期以來一直享有較高的競爭優勢以及令人稱羨的利潤，但近幾年來，在面對全球性競爭與快速變遷的環境下，原先具有的高品質及低開發成本的優勢有逐漸喪失的情形。而企業為了維持原有的競爭優勢，除了加緊腳步在研發技術的創新、提供服務的效率以及營運成本的控制上找出最好的方法及策略外，而如何計算產品成本，如何有效訂價，更為企業迎戰此一競局的重要考量。 由於傳統的成本制度無法滿足快速變遷的製造環境，高科技研發設計產業亟需新的方法以適時的提供相關成本資訊，做為決策之用。而作業基礎成本制度(Activity-Based Costing System, ABC)經過學術界的大力推廣及實務上不斷的經驗累積，大多認為此一制度不僅可以減少成本扭曲，更重要的是可以協助管理者進行較佳的成本控制，增加企業營運的效率，以及進一步可以輔助產品的訂價及競爭策略。 因此，本研究係以國內某高科技軟/硬體研發設計公司為研究對象，透過個案研究及作業基礎成本法之探討，分析高科技研發設計公司成本組成及影響成本活動的因素，並建立其關聯，藉此提出一套可供研發設計公司參考之成本分析架構與模式，並進而協助相關企業在產品研發及訂價方面做出最好之決策。 / The R&D design industry of Taiwan have enjoyed high competition advantages & high profit margin for a long time. But in recent year, under global competition & environment of rapid change, those advantages have lost gradually. In order to maintain the original competition advantages, enterprises need to step up the step to find out the best method and tactics in R&D innovation, service providing of high efficiency and control of operating cost. Besides, It is also the important consideration for those companies to think about how to calculate the product cost and set up the pricing strategy. Because the traditional cost system cannot satisfy the diversified manufacturing environment, R&D design industry tremendously need a new cost method which provides decision-makers with up-to-date, complete, and reliable cost information. Activity-Based Costing System (ABC) has been approved by academic study & implemented by a lot of company. Mostly think that this system cannot merely reduce the cost to distort, the more important thing is that can help top managers to control better cost, increase the operating efficiency, and program the better pricing strategy. This paper studies how a software/hardware design company by adopting the activity-based costing (ABC) system traces and analyze all of the cost elements associated with research & development activities. The main purpose of this study is trying to use ABC costing system to build a cost model for future application in the R&D design industry and hope this study can help relevant enterprises to make the best decision in the product development and establish the competitive pricing strategy.

電子零組件廠商面對產品生命週期快速的世代交替與全球化的競爭威脅，除持續進行製程改造降低成本之外，對內進行企業資源整合，對外則與供應商或協力廠商形成策略聯盟，透過關鍵企業流程之管理與改造，以提高營運效能、降低產品與服務成本，並創造企業的優勢競爭能力，以因應客戶全球運籌供貨的要求。 本研究透過企業流程資訊有機體(PWIO)分析模式，針對某電子零組件製造商，以個案研究方式分析個案公司之關鍵流程作業。就PWIO分析結果，本研究除針對各項作業提出具體的流程改進建議與呆滯存貨的分析，並建立各該流程的目標，提出具體衡量各作業流程的績效衡量指標。此外，依據目標與績效衡量指標的因果關係進一步探討個案公司的平衡計分卡與策略地圖，以作為個案公司未來的績效管理架構基礎。 此外，本研究將PWIO模式的作業分析與作業基礎成本制度的作業概念相結合，辨識個案公司的作業中心與作業動因，並以作業對資源的耗用形式為基礎，重新分析產品別與客戶別之成本與利潤。研究結果可以提供個案公司決策者強化成本規劃與控制，以及作為改善產品利潤分析與定價作業的參考。 / Confronting an environment characterized with brisk alternations of product generation and dynamic global competition, continuous improvement in their business processes which leads to lower costs of operation and better alignment of utilization of assets and partnerships is critical for the electronic component manufacturers to survive and grow. With highly effective and efficient business processes, customer satisfaction, core competence and competitive advantages can be built on. By an application of the PWIO approach and targeted at an electronic component manufacturer, this research analyzes three business processes crucial to the subject company. Based on results derived from the PWIO analysis, this research provides suggestions for improvements in both business processes and inventory obsolescence. A new set of process objectives are also developed to be concretely aligned with the related performance measures. In addition, a management framework built on the concepts of Balanced Scorecard and strategy map are offered to the subject company for future application. Furthermore, via linking the practices specified in the PWIO analysis with concepts underlying the activity-based costing, this research identifies the cost drivers facilitating a further understanding on how company’s resources are consumed by individual costumer, product or process. The research findings can assist management of the subject company to have better cost planning and control, more accurate profit analysis and pricing decisions.

According to the Sectional Titles Act 95 of 1986, levies are assigned according to the size of a unit, in other words a unit’s participation quota. These levies are used to finance a complex’s insurance, common property electricity and water, lift maintenance, audit fees, management agent fees, salaries and wages, security, swimming pool expenses and general building maintenance. According to the Traditional Costing System, indirect costs are allocated based on a single cost actual expenses over a year are dissected. A regression and correlation analysis was done on the relationship between costs, participation quota and levies. The contribution of the study is that it empirically determines the behaviour of cost items in order to allocate indirect costs more accurately. Consequently, this will result in improved reasonability and will eliminate the cross-subsidisation of units. The objectives were reached as follows: The first objective was reached when it was proved through empirical studies that the Sectional Title is not fair when it states that the allocation of levies must be according to floor space. The second objective was reached when both participation quota and units per complex were identified as cost drivers for each cost item. The third objective was reached by allocating the levy on a 50 percent base according to units and a 50 percent base according to the total area. This could be refined by each complex according to the unique need of the complex. driver. However, various indirect costs are not necessarily subject to this single cost driver. In practice, it has been proven that high volume products are proportionally taxed with indirect costs when compared to low volume products. In many complexes, owners with larger units are of the opinion that their larger units are subsidising those owners with smaller units. In contrast to the traditional costing system, activity-based costing recognises that indirect costs can also be assigned by use of multiple cost drivers. Since these multiple cost drivers – which affect the way costs are assigned – can be identified, indirect costs are assigned more accurately. This study investigates the current method of cost allocation, whereby costs are assigned via participation quota, and makes suggestions on how these costs can be assigned on a more accurate and fair basis in practice. The goal of this study is to challenge the reasonability of the Sectional Titles Act. The objectives of the dissertation are firstly, to determine the cost behaviour of various cost items and whether the participation quota is a fair cost driver for determining the levies that are to be paid; secondly, it investigates alternative cost drivers that will be more applicable to certain cost items; thirdly, to suggest a cost formula to replace the current cost method, that being the allocation of indirect costs via participation quota. Empirical methods have been used in the research. The empirical research was performed using data obtained from ANGOR Property Specialists (Pty) Ltd’s database. A sample of 113 complexes was extracted from the database of which the / Thesis (M.Com. (Management Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

In dieser Arbeit werden außerberufliche Tätigkeiten von Erwerbstätigen in ihrem Arbeitsortumfeld untersucht. Es wird erforscht, welche Aktivitäten Erwerbstätige dort koppeln. Als Einflussfaktoren werden die funktional-räumliche Ausstattung des Arbeitsortumfeldes, deren Wahrnehmung und Bewertung durch die Erwerbstätigen und Merkmale der beruflichen Tätigkeit, Verkehrsmittelwahl und soziodemographische Merkmale betrachtet. Nahmobilität im Arbeitsortumfeld wurde bislang in Deutschland noch nicht explizit untersucht. Damit wurden bisher aus theoretischer Sicht ein bedeutsamer Pol des Aktionsraumes von Personen sowie ein wesentlicher Ansatzpunkt zur planerischen Stärkung der Nahmobilität bzw. der Umsetzung des Leitbildes der Stadt der kurzen Wege vernachlässigt. Eine quantitative Befragung von Angehörigen der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (N = 565) zeigte die Bedeutung des Arbeitsortumfeldes für die Alltagsorganisation in den Bereichen Freizeit, Dienstleistungen und Einzelhandel auf. Zur Beschreibung des Kopplungsverhaltens dienen die Begriffe „Nutzerakzeptanz“, „objektives Nutzungsspektrum“ und „subjektives Nutzungsspektrum“. Es üben 96 % der Personen Aktivitäten im Arbeitsortumfeld aus (Nutzerakzeptanz). Sie konzentrieren ihre Nutzung meist auf wenige Gelegenheiten aus dem Spektrum aller vorhandenen Gelegenheiten (objektives Nutzungsspektrum). Neu eingeführt wird in der vorliegenden Studie das subjektive Nutzungsspektrum als Anteil der genutzten an den subjektiv bekannten Angeboten im Arbeitsortumfeld. Im Vergleich zum objektiven ist das subjektive Nutzungsspektrum deutlich größer. Es konnte ein deutlicher Zusammenhang der Nutzung von Angeboten im Arbeitsortumfeld mit der Stadtstruktur, mit der Verkehrsmittelwahl und mit soziodemographischen Merkmalen der Befragten aufgezeigt werden. Der Zusammenhang des Nutzungsverhaltens mit Merkmalen der Erwerbstätigkeit ist hingegen nicht eindeutig interpretierbar. / The present work investigates what non-work activities are trip chained by employees nearby their places of work. As influencing factors the facility mix close to the places of work, its perception and evaluation, occupational characteristics, mode of transport, and sociodemographic factors are taken into account. So far, in (German) research there is a strong tendency to focus on the residential area end of the trip when exploring short-distance mobility patterns. Thus, research left an important part of action space unattended and disregarded an aspect of land use that might be susceptible to successful planning control in order to promote short-distance mobility patterns. A quantitative survey among members of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (N = 565) revealed the importance of the proximity of the place of work for non-work activities in the fields of recreation, services and shopping. The utilisation of facilities is described by the terms “acceptance of facilities by users” (1; “Nutzerakzeptanz”), “objectively used share of facilities” (2; “objektives Nutzungsspektrum”) and “subjectively used share of facilities” (3; “subjektives Nutzungsspektrum”). 96 % of the respondents carry out activities nearby their place of work (1). In doing so, most people concentrate only on a few facilities out of the whole range of facilities offered (2). A new aspect in the present work is the focus on the “subjectively used share of facilities” which describes the portion of used facilities of all facilities known to a person. In comparison to the “objectively used share of facilities” the “subjectively used share of facilities” is bigger. An interrelationship of the utilisation of facilities with facility mix, perception and evaluation of the facilities, choice of transport mode, and sociodemographic characteristics, respectively, was found. The interrelation between the utilization of facilities and occupational characteristics is less clear.

OCP est une grande entreprise marocaine spécialisée dans l’extraction de minerai de phosphate, cette entreprise a élargi ses activités vers la production de fertilisants phosphatés selon un processus de transformation chimique. Dans le cadre de notre recherche, nous nous intéressons au pilotage économique d’une chaine logistique hybride (la plateforme chimique Jorf). Cette chaine logistique est constituée d’un ensemble articulé de chaine logistique discrète et chaine logistique continue organisant les processus de transformation du fournisseur jusqu’au client final. Les chaînes logistiques hybrides combinent des processus discrets et continus. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes focalisé sur la représentation du fonctionnement physique. Donc, un modèle de simulation qui permet de reproduire ce fonctionnement a été réalisé à partir de la cartographie de processus que nous avons fait. La technique de Modélisation / Simulation mobilisable dans le cadre de la modélisation de ce type de chaîne logistique est la Simulation à Événements Discrets (SED) qui permet de reproduire le fonctionnement opérationnel de la CLH.En travaillant à la commande, ceci implique un contrôle de gestion spécifique avec une définition d’un référentiel dynamique qui va dépendre du modèle de simulation. Ce référentiel est utilisable par le système interactif d’aide à la décision (SIAD) du contrôle de gestion afin d’améliorer la prise de décision. Donc, il faut, ensuite, mesurer l’impact économique, évaluer les alternatives décisionnelles et analyser les écarts. Pour ce faire, il faut s’appuyer sur une comptabilité de gestion fondée sur une seconde modélisation / simulation afin de proposer un modèle de coût. Cette seconde simulation, repose sur une représentation plus fine des processus dans une perspective de reporting financier périodique et doit permettre de mieux apprécier les inducteurs de coûts. Dans ce contexte, nous avons choisi la méthode de valorisation Activity Based Costing (ABC). En outre, dans la cartographie des processus, chaque étape de production impliquant un changement de processus et contribuant à son discrétisation représente un événement déclencheur mettant en évidence un inducteur de coût. Nous avons ainsi traité chaque processus au niveau de la Business Unit (BU) "acide" et au niveau de la BU "engrais" afin de déterminer les inducteurs utilisés pour répartir les dépenses. Notre modèle ABC sert donc à mesurer la création de valeur pour chacun des BUs de la CLH et il est capable de prendre en compte toutes les sorties et entrées de chaque entité de traitement.Par la suite, notre but est d’explorer l’intégration de la notion de coût dans le modèle de simulation. La limite de la simulation à événements discrets se manifeste dans le niveau d'informations fourni sur les coûts. Pour évaluer les coûts de production, et l'influence de la diversité de scénario de production, les coûts variables doivent être inclus. Ceci peut être fourni par la combinaison de la simulation à événements discrets avec la méthode ABC. Donc, nous avons proposé une approche qui sera mise en œuvre dans le contexte de la CLH de l’OCP. Cette approche va prendre en compte le couplage entre ABC et SED avec toutes les règles de traduction pour pouvoir, à partir du système de contrôle de gestion existant qui est associé à des centres de coûts par entité fonctionnelle, passer à des BUs orientées processus industriels. Elle va également nous permettre de structurer les indicateurs de performance du flux physique et financier sous la forme d’un tableau de bord / OCP SA is Morocco’s largest company. It is widely considered as owning some 60% of phosphate world reserves and is engaged in a process of Supply Chain control. Initially specialized in phosphate ore extraction, OCP SA has expanded, few years ago, its activities to include production of phosphate fertilizers using chemical processing. Under our research project, we focus on economic management of OCP’s Hybrid Supply chain (HSC). A HSC comprises multiple interrelated discrete and continuous processes together forming an integrated process from the supplier down to the end customer. In such a system, the production rationale includes both batch and flow models. Each discrete or continuous process seeks to capture part of the value created by the organizational collaboration performed either in internal supply chains made up of business unit or in external ones made up of legally independent entities.At first, we focused on the representation of physical functioning. So a simulation model that allows us to reproduce this functioning has been done from the process mapping we have done. The modeling / Simulation technique mobilized in the modeling framework of this type of supply chain is the Discrete Event Simulation (DES) which allows reproducing the operational functioning of the HSCBy working on the command, this implies a specific management control with a definition of a dynamic repository that will depend on the simulation model. This repository can be used by the interactive decision support system of management control in order to improve decision-making. Therefore, we must measure the economic impact, evaluate the decision-making alternatives and analyze the gaps. To do this, it is necessary to rely on a management accounting based on a second modeling / simulation in order to propose a cost model. This second simulation relies on a finer representation of the processes in a perspective of periodic financial reporting and must allow better appreciate the cost drivers. In this context, we have chosen the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method. In addition, in process mapping, each production step involving a process change and contributing to its discretization represents a triggering event highlighting a cost driver. We have thus processed each process at the level of the "acid" BU and at the level of the "fertilizer" BU to determine the inductors used to allocate the expenses. Our ABC model is therefore used to measure the value creation for each BUs of the HSC and it is able to take into account all the outputs and inputs of each processing entity.Later, our aim is to explore the integration of the notion of cost in the simulation model. The limit of the discrete event simulation is manifested in the level of information provided on costs. To assess production costs, and the influence of the diversity of production scenario, variable costs must be included. This can be provided by the combination of the discrete event simulation with the ABC method. So we have proposed an approach that will be implemented in the context of the OCP HSC. This approach will take into account the coupling between ABC and SED with all the translation rules to can, from the existing management control system that is associated with a functional unit cost centers, go to the BUs oriented industrial processes. It will also enable us to structure the physical and financial flow performance indicators in the form of a scorecard