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Quality of life of people living with HIV and AIDS in Swaziland who are on antiretroviral therapyNtshakala, Theresa Thembi 05 April 2013 (has links)
This study was done to assess the quality of life (QOL) of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in Swaziland who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART). No study has been done on QOL of PLWHA in Swaziland who are on ART since it started to be administered in Swaziland in 2001.
A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual design was used to assess QOL of PLWHA in Swaziland who are on ART. Twenty-four PLWHA were purposely selected to participate in the study. Methods of data collection used were semi-structured individual in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observations. The data (tape-recorded interviews and discussions, and field notes) were transcribed verbatim for data analysis. Data analysed was done using Tesch’s framework of data analysis as described in Creswell (2002:256-283).
The research findings are reflected, with the six domains of QOL identified through a literature review and validated by nurses’ expertise. These domains are the physiological, psychological, spiritual, socio-economic, cognitive, and environmental domains.The study revealed that PLWHA in Swaziland are faced with many challenges concerning ART, namely: inability to meet their nutrition needs, non-adherence to
ART, experience of disfiguring side effects of ARVs, inconsistent condom use, experience of stigma and discrimination, depression, difficulty in accepting and coping with ARVs, lowered self-esteem, a negative influence of some religions on ART, a lack of financial support, poor support systems, poor understanding of ARVs, negative thoughts about HIV and AIDS and ART, an unsatisfactory health care delivery system, a negative influence of culture on ART, and violation of the rights of PLWHA. These challenges negatively influence the QOL of PLWHA and hence the study concluded that PLWHA in Swaziland who are on ART have a poor QOL.
Conclusions drawn from the data analysis reveal that PLWHA in Swaziland are powerless to deal with the above challenges and improve their QOL. The researcher, therefore, developed guidelines to empower PLWHA to deal with these challenges and adhere to ART, thus improving their QOL. Recommendations were made with regard to nursing practice, nursing education, and further nursing research. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Influence of the home environment on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDSSewnunan, Asha 28 March 2014 (has links)
This study aimed at exploring the influence of the home environment of women that
were on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme for
HIV/AIDS. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted to explore the home
environment for the psycho-social support that was available for women on the PMTCT
programme and the influence this had on compliance to the programme. Data collection
was done using a semi-structured interview guide, with a sample size of 14 participants
(n=14). The data was then coded and grouped into categories and major themes.
The findings revealed that the common barriers that prevented full disclosure of an HIV
positive status included stigma and discrimination, fear of social isolation and financial
dependence. A major constraint that affected the women’s full utilisation of the PMTCT
preventative strategies and their adherence to treatment was the poor acceptance of
people living with HIV in the family and community / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)
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Le renforcement des capacités entre autonomisation et contrôle: le cas de la politique publique de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA au Sénégal / Capacity building between empowerment and control: the particular case of the public policy of the fight against HIV/AIDS in Senegal.De Wouters De Bouchout, Charlotte 01 July 2014 (has links)
Le renforcement des capacités favorise-t-il le contrôle ou l’autonomisation ?Est-il un moyen ou une fin ?Le renforcement des capacités est un objet d’étude contemporain qui génère de nombreux débats. Cette thèse y apporte une contribution en analysant le contenu et la portée des processus de renforcement des capacités développés par et pour les acteurs de la société civile engagés dans la mise en œuvre de la politique publique de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA au Sénégal. Partant du postulat théorique selon lequel le renforcement des capacités peut être considéré comme un instrument de politique publique, la thèse analyse l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’idéologie prédominante, New Public Management d’une part ou Empowerment d’une part, et le couplage ou non avec l’instrument de subvention, influencent de manière déterminante la nature et les résultats des processus de renforcement des capacités. Au travers d’une approche empirique, les effets et influences parfois contradictoires de l’instrument, oscillant entre renforcement du contrôle et renforcement de l’autonomie selon les objectifs et stratégies mises en place par les divers acteurs du niveau international au niveau local (bailleurs de fonds internationaux, ONG nationales, OCB/Associations locales), sont mis en évidence. / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Patterns of early adolescent sex and implications for HIV/AIDS risk prevention : a contextual study in the Amatole Basin, Eastern CapeNtlabati, Pumla L January 2003 (has links)
This study involves an analysis of accounts of first and subsequent early sexual experiences in a deep rural area of the Eastern Cape in South Africa over the last forty years. Through interviews and focus group discussions, the enculturation of youth into sexual activity in the community of interest is explored. The study looks into sexual experiences from childhood, through early adolescence to adults of up to sixty five years old, allowing an analysis of the changing forms of sexual experimentation and sexual debut in this context. Contextual factors mediating these changes are explored, with special emphasis on the changing regulatory practices around early sexual experiences and the effect thereof on behaviors connected to HIV infection risk. Practices that were previously important mediators of sexual behavior were: anxiety about the social consequences of pregnancy, which was previously a significant disincentive to sexual intercourse; men's previous acceptance of the need to practice non-penetrative forms of sex and girls postponing sexual debut for as long as possible. All these were culturally endorsed, but are now noted to have changed due to changes in the regulatory practices surrounding youth sexuality. The context of early sexual experiences and the surrounding cultural practices have also changed significantly, and this needs to be taken into account in understanding receptivity to condom use messages. Implications for HIV/AIDS prevention are discussed. Among other interventions, the study describes a participatory, community-based, multi-sectoral approach that takes social conditions into account as a way of empowering the community to strengthen its response to the pandemic. This incorporates different sectors of the community, including youth, parents, religious and traditional leaders, and various other structures, services and institutions that make up the community.
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An assessment of the contribution of community radio on HIV/AIDS awareness in LeSotho: the case of Mafeteng Community Radio Station (MCRS)Hlongoane, Mocoba Stephen 08 1900 (has links)
Since the first diagnosis of HIV/AIDS more than three decades ago, the epidemic remains a
humanitarian challenge. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the infection rate has escalated at an
alarming rate over the years. Lesotho is no exception. Multiple stakeholders have resorted to
different media platforms, including community radio to communicate HIV/AIDS awareness
messages with the aim of reducing the HIV infection spread. This study focuses on a
community radio station as a way of making sense of HIV/AIDS communication. Using the
case of MCRS, the study assesses the contribution of this community broadcaster on
HIV/AIDS awareness in Mafeteng district, in Lesotho. Two theories: the Public Sphere
Theory and the Agenda Setting Theory guided the study and were used to conceptualise the
contribution of this community radio station towards contributing to HIV/AIDS awareness in
the community of broadcast. In a bid to assess how MCRS programmes contribute to
HIV/AIDS awareness and education; the researcher employed a qualitative research
methodology. The data were collected using two data collection instruments, namely face-toface interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was used to deduce the
meaning and present the findings. The findings reveal that MCRS programmes largely
contribute to HIV/AIDS awareness in the community. The station’s programmes on
HIV/AIDS awareness are easily understood and influence communities’ socio-behavioural
change as they enlighten them about the dangers of HIV/AIDS and how to reduce its spread.
The results also reveal that live broadcasts proved to be more effective as they encourage
two-way communication whereby listeners are involved and participate in these HIV/AIDS
programmes. It is therefore concluded that MCRS programmes have been useful in the
dissemination of valuable HIV/AIDS awareness messages / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication Science)
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Treatment outcomes in a cohort of young children on highy active antiretroviral therapy in rural Bela-Bela, South AfricaDoukaga-Keba, Brest 11 February 2016 (has links)
Department of Public Health / MPH
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Gender-based knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of students towards the "ABC' HIV prevention strategy; a case study of University of Venda, Limpopo Province, South AfricaJabuli, M. 18 September 2017 (has links)
MGS / Institute for Gender and Youth Studies / Extensive resources and information are available on HIV/AIDS, but there remain disparities
between what is known and actual behavior, particularly among students at tertiary institutions.
A lot has been done to create HIV awareness and prevent further infections among male and
female students in Higher Education Institutions of South Africa. Despite the availability of
information, awareness education and campaigns, free condoms and treatment, the HIV
infections continue to increase in South Africa especially amongst the youth. The aim of the
study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of male and female students
at the University of Venda towards the “ABC” strategy for HIV prevention, and how these
consequently influence their sexual behavior. Data was obtained from 32 students using a semistructured
questionnaire. A non-probability, haphazard sampling technique was used to
randomly select the participants. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for data
analysis. The study findings contend that knowledge of HIV and its prevention measures always
translates to positive sexual behaviour, as university students were found to be knowledgeable
enough, but their attitudes and sexual behaviour were found not to be consistent enough. The
researcher recommends future researchers to focus on the factors that hinder sexual
abstinence, fidelity in sexual relationships, and condom use amongst Higher Education
students, towards creating safer environments for them.
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Inmates' perception of the factors contributing to human immunodeficiency virus transmission in Thohoyandou Correctional services in Limpopo ProvinceRadzilani, Tshilidzi Anna 18 October 2017 (has links)
MPH / Department of Public Health / See the attached abstract below
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Mission and HIV/AIDS prevention in Sterkspruit Parish, Eastern Cape: new insights from an evaluation and a critique of Education for Life Programme (EFLP), of the Roman Catholic Church.Kizito, Joseph Mary 09 1900 (has links)
Bibliography: pages 360-378 / In this study, the researcher investigates an HIV and AIDS prevention programme known as
Education for Life (EFLP) run by the Roman Catholic Church (RCC). The programme seeks to
encourage behaviour changes as a viable approach for the prevention of HIV and AIDS through
education. EFLP is faith-based and run by the RCC as one of the programmes in RCC pastoral
mission activities to mitigating the HIV and AIDS epidemic.
EFLP aims at preventing HIV and AIDs through creating awareness of human values in the context
of the gospel, facts about HIV and AIDs and promoting behaviour change, particularly among the
youth. The programme is youth-led, peer-driven and peer support based. The researcher examines
EFLP in Sterkspruit Parish from 2003 to 2013 to assess whether EFLP was effective in bringing about
preventative sexual behaviour, as a result of participants in the programme changing attitudes and
values and acquiring life skills.
RCC and many Christian churches promote behavioural intervention abstinence, fidelity within
marriage, counselling and delaying sexual debut and partner reduction. Behavioural change
programmes have, however, not been without controversies.
A qualitative research method was followed to investigate the impact of EFLP. Data were obtained
and tape-recorded during one-on-one interviews of 25 youth participants. The researcher
employed the theory of reasoned action to examine the data.
Analysis of data revealed that the mission of the church could be achieved through social
transformation in the lives of the youth, especially behavioural change concerning HIV and AIDS.
It also showed that a single preventative approach should not be taken to the exclusion of others
in the prevention of HIV and AIDs. The study recommends combining different approaches,
including promoting behavioural change / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / Ph. D. (Missiology)
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Individual and socio-cultural factors contributing to the spread of the HIV and AIDS pan-demic among adolescents: a socio-educative perspectiveCoetzee, Helena 30 October 2005 (has links)
The global spread of HIV and Aids has greatly exceeded the most pessimistic
projections. Infection rates are not declining and human tragedy is escalating. South Africa is a nation in mourning. If one is not infected, one is affected. Notwithstanding the catastrophic effects that are already being experienced, the full consequences of the pandemic seem yet to be felt.
Developmental psychology and ecological systems theory were used in this study to examine the research problem. It has become necessary to determine the level of knowledge that adolescents have of HIV and Aids and whether Life Skills programmes stimulate any change in behaviour. This initially took the form of a quantitative study in which questionnaires were administered. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research (focus group interviews) was applied for verification. The goals of the research were achieved, providing valuable findings, confirming that there has been no behaviour change and adolescent knowledge remains inadequate. South African adolescents have insufficient knowledge of responsible sexual behaviour.
Recommendations with regard to the content and course of the programme as well as further research are formulated as a result of the conclusions. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Socio-Education)
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