Cette thèse porte sur les marqueurs de temps, de mode et d’aspect [TMA] dans deux créoles français : le mauricien et le haïtien. Deux objectifs sont visés : 1] apporter des arguments pour soutenir l’idée du caractère non exceptionnel des langues créoles et 2] mettre en lumière les différences constrastives du marquage TMA entre les systèmes verbaux des deux créoles. Premièrement, nous remettons en question le concept de « Creole Specific Reanalysis » [Detges 2000] en discutant de l’opposition entre deux mécanismes importants du changement linguistique que sont la grammaticalisation et la réanalyse et nous menons une étude diachronique sur les marqueurs TMA en créole mauricien à partir d’un corpus de textes anciens. Par son exploitation systématique, ce travail permet d’arriver à une description de l’émergence et du développement du système verbal TMA en mauricien. Deuxièmement, nous faisons une étude comparative synchronique des systèmes des marqueurs TMA du mauricien et du haïtien en nous appuyant sur un cadre théorique général de la temporalité et à partir de données contemporaines, issues entre autres d’une enquête suivant le questionnaire de Dahl [1985]. Nous présentons les éléments communs et ceux qui différencient les marqueurs TMA des deux créoles en raison de leurs fonctions communicatives et de leurs sémantismes dans leurs emplois et usages respectifs. / This study concerns the tense, mood and aspect [TMA] markers in two French Creoles: Mauritian and Haitian. The objectives of this doctoral thesis are twofold : 1] provide arguments to support the idea that Creole languages are non-exceptional and 2] highlight the contrastive differences of TMA marking between the verbal systems of the two creoles. First, we question the concept of "Creole Specific Reanalysis" [Detges 2000] by discussing the opposition between two important mechanisms in language change : grammaticalization and reanalysis, and we conduct a diachronical study on TMA markers in Mauritian Creole based on a corpus of old texts. Through its systematic exploitation, this work describes the emergence and the development of the TMA verbal system in this Creole. Secondly, a comparative analysis of the synchronic systems of TMA markers in Mauritian and Haitian is done, based on a general theoretical framework on Temporality and on contemporary data, resulting inter alia from a survey using Dahl’s [1985] questionnaire. The study presents the common elements and those that differentiate the TMA markers in the two Creoles because of their semantics and the communicative functions they fulfill.

Le but principal de la thèse de recherche est celui d’analyser les mécanismes cognitifs et linguistiques à la base des métaphores « d’invention et défigées » en utilisant une approche qui vise à mélanger la théorie de la métaphore conceptuelle de Lakoff et Johnson (1980 et 1999), la théorie de l’intégration conceptuelle de Turner et Fauconnier (2002) et la théorie de l’analogie de Monneret (2004 et 2014). Pour mettre à l’épreuve le fonctionnement de la complémentarité de ces trois modèles, nous avons choisi d’utiliser deux textes littéraires de langue allemande des années 1980-1990 qui sont «Kassandra» (1983) de Christa Wolf et «Minotaurus. Eine Ballade» (1985) de Friedrich Dürrenmatt. Pour identifier le degré de figurativité des métaphores à l’intérieur des textes trois méthodologies ont été mise en place : les interviews des locuteurs allemands ; la consultation des dictionnaires en langue allemande et une observation des éléments présents à l’intérieur de la métaphore à travers la méthodologie MIPVU (Steen et al., 2010). L’analyse nous permet de comprendre le fonctionnement des métaphores dans les textes et les symboles culturels utilisés par les écrivains. De plus, cette recherche vise à montrer l’usage des « frames » et des « blends » conceptuels qui structurent notre cognition. / The main aim of this PhD thesis is the analysis of the cognitive and linguistic mechanisms within the creative and delexicalised metaphors using a mixed approach of Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980 and 1999) theory of conceptual metaphor; the Fauconnier and Turner’s (2002) theory of blending and the Monneret’s (2004 and 2014) theory of analogy. To test the complementariness of these three models, we have chosen two German literary texts from 1980 to 1990 that are «Kassandra» (1983) by Christa Wolf and «Minotaurus: eine Ballade» (1985) by Friedrich Dürrenmatt. To identify the degree of figurativeness of the metaphors within these texts, we have used three methodologies: the interviews to German speakers; the consultation of the German language dictionaries and the observation of the elements within metaphors through the MIPVU methodology (Steen et al., 2010). The analysis allows us to understand how metaphors work in the different texts and how cultural symbols are used by authors. Additionally, this research aims to show how the use of conceptual «frames» and conceptual «blends» that structure our cognition. / Lo scopo centrale della tesi di ricerca è quello di analizzare i meccanismi cognitivi e linguistici alla base delle metafore «d’invenzione e delessicalizzate» utilizzando un approccio che miri a fondere la teoria della metafora concettuale di Lakoff e Johnson (1980 e 1999), la teoria dell’integrazione concettuale di Fauconnier e Turner (2002) e la teoria dell’analogia di Monneret (2004 e 2014). Per mettere alla prova il funzionamento della complementarietà di questi tre modelli, è stato scelto di utilizzare due testi letterari di lingua tedesca degli anni 1980-1990 che sono «Kassandra» (1983) di Christa Wolf e «Minotaurus. Eine Ballade» (1985) di Friedrich Dürrenmatt. Per identificare il grado di figuratività delle metafore all’interno dei testi sono state messe in atto tre metodologie: le interviste ai parlanti tedeschi; la consultazione dei dizionari in lingua tedesca e un’osservazione degli elementi presenti all’interno della metafora attraverso la metodologia MIPVU (Steen et al., 2010). L’analisi ci permette di comprendere il funzionamento delle metafore all’interno dei testi e come sono utilizzati i simboli culturali da parte dei singoli autori. In più, questa ricerca rappresenta, quindi, un tentativo di comprendere l’uso dei «frame» e dei «blend» concettuali che strutturano la nostra cognizione.

In the present work, two phase reacting flow in a single cavity Trapped Vortex Combustor (TVC) is studied at atmospheric conditions. KIVA-3V, numerical program for simulating three dimensional compressible reacting flows with sprays using Lagrangian-Drop Eulerian-fluid procedure is used. The stochastic discrete droplet model is used for simulating the liquid spray. In each computational cell, it is assumed that the volume occupied by the liquid phase is very small. But this assumption of very low liquid volume fraction in a computational cell is violated in the region close to the injection nozzle. This introduces grid dependence in predictions of liquid phase in the region close to the nozzle in droplet collision algorithm, and in momentum coupling between the liquid and the gas phase. Improvements are identified to reduce grid dependence of these algorithms and corresponding changes are made in the standard KIVA-3V models. Pressure swirl injector which produces hollow cone spray is used in the current study along with kerosene as the liquid fuel. Modifications needed for modelling pressure swirl atomiser are implemented. The Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) model, the standard model for predicting secondary breakup is improved with modifications required for low pressure injectors. The pressure swirl injector model along with the improvements is validated using experimental data for kerosene spray from the literature. Simulations of two phase reacting flow in a single cavity TVC are performed and the temperature distribution within the combustor is studied. In order to identify an optimum configuration with liquid fuel combustion, the following parameters related to fuel and air such as cavity fuel injection location, cavity air injection location, Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of injected fuel droplets, velocity of the fuel injected are studied in detail in order to understand the effect of these parameters on combustion characteristics of a single cavity TVC.

This essay deals with estimation methods while implementation of Type application software. After the introductory part, which stipulates objectives of the work and descriptions of how to achieve them, is a general description of basic features of the project. After this part, there are characterized basic attributes of estimates, various approaches to their formation and problems that can accompany estimation activity. This work also describes diversification of information systems according to their way of development on Individual application software and Type application software. Then it defines their mutual differences while implementation. Next chapter resolve the first objective associated with exploration of implementation methodologies used by companies operating on the Czech market in the area of IS / ICT. Part of this chapter is dedicated to the AcceleratedSAP methodology which describes the life cycle of projects. The following chapter deals with the performance of the second objective, which is a comprehensive overview of estimation methods. Some items from this list are later selected for more detailed evaluation, in account of some of them are marked under the third objective as suitable for projects dealing with implementation of Type application software. In the last section of this essay is solved the main given objective, which is to implement some of chosen estimation methods into AcceleratedSAP methodology. Later in this chapter is recorded a reflection on possibilities of using model based estimation methods in area of Type application SW. It is followed with a proposal for possible course of development of such a model. The work ends with a practical example of effort estimation through UCP method adapted for the Type application software environment. This is followed by conclusions evaluating the achievements of set objectives.

This study proposes an answer to the question of what the contemporary relevance of the writings of GK Chesterton (1874-1936) may be to the field of visual culture studies in general and to discourse on visual hermeneutics in particular. It contends that Chesterton’s distinctive hermeneutic strategy is dramatology: an approach rooted in the idea that being, which is disclosed to itself via language, has a dramatic, storied structure. It is this dramatology that acts as an answer to any philosophical outlook that would seek to de-dramatise the hermeneutic experience. The structure of Chesterton’s dramatology is unpacked via three clear questions, namely the question of what philosophical foundation describes his horizon of understanding, the question of what the task or goal of his interpretive process is and, finally, the question of what tools or elements shape his hermeneutic outlook. The first question is answered via an examination of his cosmology, epistemology and ontology; the second question is answered by the proposal that Chesterton’s chief aim is to uphold human dignity through his defenses of the common man, common sense and democracy; and the third question is answered through a discussion of the three principles that underpin his rhetoric, namely analogy, paradox and defamiliarisation. After proposing the structure of Chesterton’s dramatology via these considerations, the study offers one application of this dramatology to Terrence Malick’s film 'The tree of life' (2011). This is sustained in terms of the incarnational paradox between mystery and revelation that acts as the primary tension and hermeneutic key in Chesterton’s work. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Visual Arts / unrestricted

El análisis de la respuesta mecánica de piezas alargadas que experimentan grandes desplazamientos y rotaciones constituye un campo en el que se han producido avances significativos en las tres últimas décadas, tanto desde el punto de vista de la formulación de modelos físicos como de la búsqueda de soluciones numéricas. El ámbito de aplicación de este tipo de modelos se separa quizás del abanico de problemas de los que tradicionalmente se ha ocupado la ingeniería civil, aproximándose más a situaciones propias de otras disciplinas, como la aeronáutica, la robótica o la biomecánica. Dentro de la variedad de modelos en una dimensión desarrollados para el análisis no lineal de piezas alargadas, el propuesto por Simó como extensión del trabajo de Reissner es capaz de reproducir rotaciones arbitrariamente grandes de las secciones transversales. Su sencillez conceptual y la potencia de las soluciones numéricas basadas en él lo hanconvertido en referencia obligada y punto de partida de muchas investigaciones recientes. El propio Simó introdujo la denominación de \emph{modelo geométricamente exacto de piezas alargadas} para referirse a él. No obstante, el modelo de Reissner--Simó no está libre de dificultades. Éstas derivan principalmente del tratamiento exacto de las rotaciones, que exige trabajar en un espacio de configuraciones no lineal ni conmutativo. Esta tesis examina los fundamentos del modelo geométricamente exacto y su conexión con la teoría no lineal de la elasticidad. La relación entre variables materiales y espaciales a través de la transformación definida por la rotación de cada sección establece el método de análisis. En un primer paso se ha desarrollado completamente la cinemática del modelo y las ecuaciones de campo en sus dos facetas --material y espacial--, lo que ha permitido sistematizar el proceso deductivo y aportar algunos resultados teóricos novedosos. El análisis del problema desde el punto de vista variacional ha puesto de manifiesto las conexiones / Lázaro Fernández, CM. (2005). Formulación material y espacial del modelo geometricamente exacto de piezas alargadas [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/1872 / Palancia

This study postulates the existence of a notion of transcendence in immanence in the thought of Jacques Derrida. The deconstruction of, amongst others, Husserlian phenomenology and Saussurean structuralism, affords Derrida the opportunity of presenting a thought of contamination, haunting and impurity, which is a thought of transcendence in immanence. The hypothesis of a notion of transcendence in immanence in Derrida’s thought is refined by specifying it as temporal transcendence in immanence. Accordingly, the intimation of transcendence in immanence does not amount to the ontological acceptance of a separate transcendent realm. On the contrary, what appears is a monism: the infinite finitude of temporality. In conversation with the notion of temporal transcendence in immanence intimated in Derrida’s thought, this study proposes a notion of theological transcendence in immanence. Theological transcendence in immanence is presented as an inflected interpretive performance of salient themes from the tradition of Christian theology prior to the advent of modernity. From this perspective, all being is referred to God and finite creation is deemed to be a contingent, non-necessary participation, at an unquantifiable analogical remove, in the life and being of God. The notions of space, time and meaning that emerge from such a premise are subsequently explored, and brought into conversation with the corresponding notions in Derrida’s work. The study concludes by asking whether the conversation between the notions of temporal and theological transcendence in immanence can in any way be furthered, or whether the two positions should rather be regarded as irreconcilable, that is, as lying separatively transcendent to each other. In response, it is suggested that the notion of transcendence in immanence implies the attempt to relate juxtaposed positions after the fashion of transcendence in immanence. The possibility of temporal transcendence in immanence inhabiting theological transcendence in immanence after the fashion of transcendence in immanence is firstly considered and rejected. Thereupon, the reverse option, namely that of theological transcendence in immanence making use of temporal transcendence in immanence, iii while at the same time transcending it, is considered and judged to be a suitable provisional outcome of the conversation with Derrida. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

The present dissertation investigates the development in the production and perception of inflectional morphology in second-language learners of English and the role of their mother tongue during this development. The data analysed in this thesis stem from three psycholinguistic experiments that examine the production and comprehension of English novel words (thus investigating the sublexicon without the activation of word meaning). The first experiment focuses on the perception of inflectional morphemes in English novel words in L2 students at the A0 to C1 proficiency levels. Reaction-times analysis has shown that L2 learners seem to be (similarly to native speakers (e.g., Post et al., 2008)) sensitive to the presence of morphosyntactic information at the sublexical level, and they appear to decompose inflected forms into stems and affixes during perception and conduct an implicit phonetic analysis of the stem. The presence of these patterns across all levels suggests that L2 performance might be influenced by L1: Czech is morphologically much richer than English, and Czech speakers might thus be in general sensitive to morphological analysis of words. The second experiment investigates the production of inflected forms, more specifically those of past tense, in L2 learners of English at the A1 to...

Cette thèse traite des transferts pariétaux dans les écoulements turbulents supersoniques via la simulation des grandes échelles turbulentes. Des couches limites adiabatique et refroidie évoluant à Mach M∞ = 2 et à Reynolds Re0 ≈ 2600 sont considérées. Les simulations numériques utilisent un schéma split-centered d’ordre élevé pour la discrétisation des flux convectifs. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés aux simulations numériques directes (DNS) disponibles dans la littérature. Plusieurs modèles de sous-maille ont été testés et validés. Il a été montré que ces modèles exigent un minimum de raffinement de maillage afin de capturer les structures les plus énergétiques présentes en proche paroi. Les modèles montrent des performances différentes pour la distribution de la température à la paroi. Pour le cas d’une paroi refroidie, les fluctuations de température totale ne sont pas négligeables dans la région proche-paroi. Et l’anticorrélation (u’, T’) se basant sur l’hypothèse de Morkovin n’est pas satisfaite. / This work deals with spatially-evolving supersonic turbulent boundary layers over adiabatic and cold walls at M∞ = 2 and up to Re0 ≈ 2600 using 3 different SGS models. The numerical methodology is based on high-order split-centered scheme to discretize the convective fluxes of the Navier-Stokes equations . For the adiabatic case, it is demonstrated that all SGS models require a comparable minimum grid-refinement in order to capture accurately the near-wall-turbulence. Overall, the models exhibit correct behavior when predictiong the dynamic properties, but show different performances for the temperature distribution in the near-wall region. For the isothermal case, it is found that the compressibility effects are not enhanced due to the wall cooling. As expected, the total temperature fluctuations are not negligible in the near-wall region. The study shows that the anti-correlation linking both velocity and temperature fields, derived from the Morkovin's hypothesis, is not satisfied.

Orientador: Messias Borges Silva / Resumo: Avaliação de conformidade é um tema de grande importância em diversos ramos, tais como gestão de operações e de qualidade, desenvolvimento e certificação de produtos, de processos e de sistemas, certificação e acreditação de organizações, comércio internacional, entre outros. Esta tese reporta a introdução e validação de um procedimento inovador, denominado FCAUP, para planejamento e implementação de avaliação de conformidade baseado em uma analogia conceitual com o Princípio da Incerteza de Heisenberg relativo à Mecânica Quântica. FCAUP significa “Framework for Conformity Assessment inspired by the Uncertainty Principle” (Procedimento para Avaliação de Conformidade inspirado pelo Princípio da Incerteza). Este procedimento original emprega técnicas quantitativas e qualitativas para análise, classificação, amostragem intencional e execução de duplas inspeções a fim de reduzir os efeitos da incerteza inerentes às atividades de avaliação de conformidade. Uma verificação teórica preliminar foi conduzida por meio de releitura de casos reais relativos a três avaliações de conformidade realizadas em diferentes indústrias de fabricação. Em seguida, para consolidação da teoria, foi efetuada uma implementação piloto em uma indústria de fabricação de reboques para barcos em Maryville, Tennessee, Estados Unidos da América. Por último, o procedimento FCAUP foi validado por meio de um estudo de campo realizado de forma bem-sucedida em uma empresa de metrologia em São José dos Campos/SP. Os... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor