Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-30T12:35:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jussana Ramos dos Santos.pdf: 1977075 bytes, checksum: 72575b0fa2b7b4d66d5d6503caa6ea3e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-30T12:35:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jussana Ramos dos Santos.pdf: 1977075 bytes, checksum: 72575b0fa2b7b4d66d5d6503caa6ea3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Nenhuma / O estudo a seguir tem como objetivo discutir a contribuição do design estratégico, através do uso de cenários, para qualificar a experiência de candidatos interessados em cursar mestrado e que encontram-se no processo de busca de informações e escolha dos mesmos. Para tanto, resgata-se visões de alguns autores que abordam os principais temas, que são, design estratégico e design para experiência, cujo foco é a experiência emocional. Uma das principais abordagens discutidas na área de experiência emocional é a Teoria dos Appraisals (Desmet, 2002), que trata das emoções que resultam de avaliações (appraisals) através da interação das pessoas com produtos ou serviços. É com base nessa teoria que o método proposto neste estudo foi uma adaptação ao desenvolvido por Demir et al. (2009), cujo estudo envolveu emoções resultantes de avaliações (appraisals) na interação de usuários com produtos. Além disso, para a construção dos cenários, foi utilizada como base a metodologia proposta por Reyes (2011). Utilizou-se um roteiro com base na Teoria dos Appraisals para a realização de entrevistas em profundidade com 20 participantes. Resultados indicam que a ansiedade é uma das emoções presentes entre alunos que encontram-se nesse estágio. Por esse motivo é discutido o uso dos cenários experiencais como caminhos projetuais para a redução de tal experiência emocional. Os resultados apontam ainda que as conexões entre o papel da ansiedade e a compreensão das avaliações (appraisals) relacionados a essa emoção servem de base para apresentação de potenciais cenários experienciais como alternativas para qualificar a experiência dos envolvidos nesse processo. / This study discusses the contribution of strategic design, through the use of scenarios, to qualify the experience of subjects interested in master courses that are in the process of looking for information to choose their course. To do so, it is reviewed the perspective of some authors who work in the following areas: strategic design and experiential design, whose main focus is emotional experience. One of the main theoretical approaches discussed in the area of emotional experience is the Appraisal Theory (Desmet, 2002), which deals with emotions that result from appraisals made by an individual when interacting with a product or service. Based on this theory, the methodology proposed in this study is an adaptation of that developed by Demir et al. (2009), whose study evaluated the emotions resulting from appraisals of interaction between individuals and products. In addition, the methodology proposed by Reyes (2011) is employed to help construction of scenarios. Based on Appraisal Theory, a unstructured questionnaire was created to collect data from 20 subjects. Results indicate that anxiety is one emotion existent in subjects analyzed. Then, the experiential scenarios are discussed as potential ways of reducing such emotional experience. Thus, it is possible to confirm that the connections between anxiety and comprehension of appraisals serve as basis for presentation of potential experiential scenarios as alternatives to qualify the experience of people involved in this process.

Submitted by Patrícia Valim Labres de Freitas (patricial) on 2016-04-08T16:27:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Lucchese Pianta_.pdf: 8808191 bytes, checksum: 741cc90be1281baa1d1c3c998bbad88c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T16:27:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Lucchese Pianta_.pdf: 8808191 bytes, checksum: 741cc90be1281baa1d1c3c998bbad88c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / Esta dissertação teve como objetivo mapear de que forma é possível projetar cadeiras que despertem a experiência emocional desejo, considerando usuários de estilos distintos. A experiência emocional foi mapeada por meio da Teoria dos Appraisals, a qual entende as emoções como resultantes de avaliações (appraisals) de usuários em relação aos produtos. Para tal, levantou-se, entre as cadeiras apontadas pelo Design Museum como as mais importantes na história do design, as que mais despertam a experiência emocional desejo ente usuários. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um estudo correlacional que tomou como base medidas escalares de desejo pelas cadeiras e escalas de diferencial semântico para acessar estilos auto relatados de consumo. Em uma segunda etapa de pesquisa, observou-se, nas cadeiras mais desejadas pelos usuários, os elementos técnicos de projeto. Por meio da taxonomia sincrônica foi possível observar elementos técnicos de projeto com potencial para despertar a experiência de desejo, mas identificou-se que eles são dependentes dos estilos dos usuários. / This dissertation aimed at mapping how it would be possible to design chairs to evoke the emotional experience desire among users, considering their distinct styles. Emotional experience was mapped trough Appraisal Theory, which understands emotions as results of users’ appraisals towards products. To this end, it was surveyed, among the chairs pointed by the Design Museum is the most important in the history of design, the ones that have the greater potential to evoke desire among users. The research was developed through a correlational study, having as a basis scales to measure desire towards the chairs and semantic differential scales to measure self-reported consumer styles. In a second research stage, technical design elements were observed among the most desirable chairs. Through a synchronous taxonomy analysis, it was observed that certain technical design elements have a great potential to evoke desire, but it was detected that they are dependent of consumer styles.

<p>This research report, explores the challenges contributing to a non-effective implementation of performance and development management system at the Department of Social Development in Eastern Cape. My argument is that although the system has been fully implemented throughout the province and in all the layers of the department, there are still challenges that contribute to its ineffective implementation of this system. This research report debates a range of issues such as: challenges that revolve around the lack of proper&nbsp / knowledge and training in staff, non-alignment of performance contracts with operations of the department, attitudes of officials towards the system itself and the desired&nbsp / institution&rsquo / s operation that may contribute to its performance and achieve its objective of effective service delivery meaningfully. The research report also explores the paradigm shift&nbsp / of the department from a traditional &lsquo / welfarish&rsquo / approach to a one that focuses on social development. This research especially seeks to understand how the department seeks to plan for institutional change that will promote delivery its services to communities more. The reason for this focus derives from department is practice to provide services sectoralyand not in an integrated manner. Hence the critique, in this research is of the roles and responsibilities of all different layers of the department. This, I specifically argue for re-orientation of the department, not merely institutionally, but also strategically by adopting a social development approach to service delivery.</p>

Mass media has long been thought to have a detrimental effect on an adolescent’s values and behaviors. Many social ills including violence, misogyny and negative health behaviors, as well as egoistic cultural values have been attributed to mass media’s influence. Yet the media is not all powerful, nor are its powers unable to be combated. In this manuscript, I analyze the Educational Longitudinal Study data from 2002 to 2006 to determine the real effects mass media has on adolescents in comparison to other influences. I find that not all media is equal in influence. Television and video games have different relationships with a teenager’s values and behaviors in comparison to internet use. Additionally, I find that when parents are involved with their children as significant others, they do not negate, but can typically counteract many negative effects of media.

<p>This research report, explores the challenges contributing to a non-effective implementation of performance and development management system at the Department of Social Development in Eastern Cape. My argument is that although the system has been fully implemented throughout the province and in all the layers of the department, there are still challenges that contribute to its ineffective implementation of this system. This research report debates a range of issues such as: challenges that revolve around the lack of proper&nbsp / knowledge and training in staff, non-alignment of performance contracts with operations of the department, attitudes of officials towards the system itself and the desired&nbsp / institution&rsquo / s operation that may contribute to its performance and achieve its objective of effective service delivery meaningfully. The research report also explores the paradigm shift&nbsp / of the department from a traditional &lsquo / welfarish&rsquo / approach to a one that focuses on social development. This research especially seeks to understand how the department seeks to plan for institutional change that will promote delivery its services to communities more. The reason for this focus derives from department is practice to provide services sectoralyand not in an integrated manner. Hence the critique, in this research is of the roles and responsibilities of all different layers of the department. This, I specifically argue for re-orientation of the department, not merely institutionally, but also strategically by adopting a social development approach to service delivery.</p>

La notion de réussite criminelle a essentiellement été définie au moyen de l’indicateur objectif des gains monétaires. Si l’idée selon laquelle l’argent est au coeur de la réussite professionnelle fait l’objet d’un large consensus social, il semble improbable que les gains monétaires permettent à eux seuls d’appréhender la réussite. Pour mieux comprendre certaines dimensions des carrières criminelles telles que la persistance et le désistement, il paraît utile de se pencher sur la manière dont les criminels définissent leur propre réussite. Il a été établi que l’auto-efficacité, soit la croyance que possède un individu en sa capacité à accomplir une tâche, permet de prédire plusieurs dimensions des carrières légitimes. À partir de la théorie sur l’auto-efficacité, ce mémoire examine de quelle manière se forme l’auto-efficacité criminelle. Nous soutenons que les perceptions relatives à la réussite criminelle sont affectées par des facteurs semblables à ceux qui jouent dans le développement de l’auto-efficacité légitime. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que les criminels forgent leur auto-efficacité à partir de quatre sources d’expérience : les réussites personnelles, l’apprentissage vicariant, la persuasion sociale et les états physiologiques. Il est également avancé que certaines caractéristiques individuelles et environnementales ont un impact significatif sur le développement de l’auto-efficacité criminelle. Sur la base d’entrevues auprès de 212 délinquants, nos résultats indiquent que l’auto-efficacité criminelle est une construction complexe fondée sur les caractéristiques individuelles et environnementales, ainsi que sur les expériences criminelles personnelles. Nous discutons de l’impact éventuel de ces conclusions sur l’appréhension de la persévérance et du désistement dans les carrières criminelles. / The study of success in crime has been primarily restricted to a single objective indicator: earnings. While there is broad cultural agreement that money is a central component of career success, it is unlikely that earnings are the sole factor equated with achievement. Understanding how offenders subjectively define success for themselves might prove informative in understanding criminal career outcomes such as persistence and desistance. Self-efficacy – the belief that one can successfully perform a behavior leading to desired types of performance – has been shown to predict various legitimate occupational outcomes. Drawing from the self-efficacy and social cognitive career theories, this thesis explores how criminal self-efficacy beliefs are formed. It is argued that factors akin to the ones leading to the development of legitimate self-efficacy also serve as a basis for perceptions of success in crime. More specifically, it is hypothesized that criminal self-efficacy is forged as offenders interpret information from four experiential sources: personal performance accomplishments, vicarious learning, social persuasion, and physiological states and reactions. Because cognitive self-appraisals are not formed in a vacuum, it is also argued that individual and environmental characteristics exert a significant impact on the development of criminal self-efficacy. Based on interviews with 212 incarcerated offenders, our results suggest that criminal self-efficacy is complexly built from individual and environmental characteristics, as well as from personal experiences with crime. The potential repercussion of these findings on the understanding of criminal persistence and desistance are discussed.

Le cerveau humain et les nombreuses fonctions qu'il sous-tend sont le fruit de multiples héritages évolutifs. Parmi ceux-ci, les mécanismes émotionnels qui nous permettent d'identifier les événements néfastes ou bénéfiques de notre environnement et d'y réagir, semblent primordiaux pour notre survie. Pour cela, ces mécanismes sont en étroite interaction avec toutes les modalités sensorielles ainsi qu'avec le système moteur. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été de mieux comprendre (1) les interactions qui peuvent exister entre un des systèmes perceptifs le plus sollicité chez l'humain : la vision, et le traitement émotionnel, et (2) le lien entre la dimension émotionnelle et motrice associée aux stimuli visuels. Par ailleurs, de nombreuses études sur le système visuel humain précisent que l'information en fréquences spatiales est cruciale dans la perception visuelle. Par conséquent, dans un premier objectif de recherche, nous avons cherché à comprendre dans quelle mesure les propriétés fréquentielles de l'information visuelle peuvent être utiles à la perception des stimuli émotionnels. Dans la littérature, cette problématique a été principalement étudiée pour la perception de visages expressifs. Dans cette thèse, nous avons travaillé avec des scènes émotionnelles complexes afin d'estimer dans quelle mesure les précédentes conclusions peuvent être généralisées à tous les stimuli émotionnels. Notre première étude en imagerie par résonnance magnétique fonctionnelle (IRMf) a montré que, comme pour les visages expressifs, l'information grossière en basses fréquences spatiales est cruciale lors de la perception de scènes émotionnelles. Toutefois, la perception n'est qu'une étape dans le traitement de l'information ; nous sommes, en effet, habituellement amenés à évaluer les situations de notre environnement et à y réagir. C'est pourquoi, dans un second objectif de recherche, nous avons cherché à comprendre les interactions qui peuvent également exister entre les propriétés fréquentielles du système visuel et deux grandes évaluations affectives explicites : l'évaluation du ressenti émotionnel et celle de la tendance à agir. Deux nouvelles études, l'une comportementale, l'autre en IRMf, nous ont permis de montrer que l'ensemble de l'information en fréquences spatiales semble utile pour l'évaluation du ressenti émotionnel alors que l'information en hautes fréquences spatiales semble cruciale pour l'évaluation de la tendance à l'action. L'ensemble de ces travaux suggère l'existence d'une flexibilité dans l'utilisation de l'information en fréquences spatiales qui serait dépendante du type de traitement réalisé sur l'information émotionnelle. / The human brain and the numerous cognitive functions associated to it are the product of several evolutionary heritages. Among these, the emotional mechanisms, which enable us to identify and react to harmful or beneficial events, seem to be essential to survive. In order to do so, these mechanisms closely interact with all sensory modalities, as well as with the motor system. The aim of this work was to better understand (1) the interactions between one of most important sensory systems for human beings –eyesight- and the emotional processing, as well as (2) the link between the emotional and the motor charactersitics associated with the emotional stimuli. Moreover, numerous studies on the human visual system specify that the spatial frequency information is crucial to visual perception. Therefore, as the primary objective of this research, we sought to assess to what extent the frequency properties of visual information may be useful to the perception of emotional stimuli. In the scientific literature, this issue has mainly been studied through the perception of emotional faces. For this thesis, we have worked with complex emotional scenes so as to check to what extent previous conclusions concerning emotional faces can be extended to all emotional stimuli. Our first study in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) showed that, as for emotional faces, coarse information in low spatial frequencies is essential for the perception of emotional scenes. However, perception is only one step in the processing of information. Indeed, we are usually made to assess events taking place in our environment and to react to them. That is why, as the second objective of this research, we sought to understand the interactions between the frequency properties of the visual system and two major explicit affective assessments – emotional and motivational appraisal. Two new studies - one in behavioral studies and the other one in fMRI - made it possible for us to show that the full range of spatial frequency information seems useful to assess emotional appraisal, whereas high spatial frequencies information seems crucial for motivational appraisal. This work suggests the existence of a flexible use of spatial frequency information depending on the emotional processing involved.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This research report, explores the challenges contributing to a non-effective implementation of performance and development management system at the Department of Social Development in Eastern Cape. My argument is that although the system has been fully implemented throughout the province and in all the layers of the department, there are still challenges that contribute to its ineffective implementation of this system. This research report debates a range of issues such as: challenges that revolve around the lack of proper knowledge and training in staff, non-alignment of performance contracts with operations of the department, attitudes of officials towards the system itself and the desired institutions operation that may contribute to its performance and achieve its objective of effective service delivery meaningfully. The research report also explores the paradigm shift of the department from a traditional welfarish approach to a one that focuses on social development. This research especially seeks to understand how the department seeks to plan for institutional change that will promote delivery its services to communities more. The reason for this focus derives from department is practice to provide services sectoralyand not in an integrated manner. Hence the critique, in this research is of the roles and responsibilities of all different layers of the department. This, I specifically argue for re-orientation of the department, not merely institutionally, but also strategically by adopting a social development approach to service delivery. / South Africa

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Medarbetarsamtal har en betydelsefull roll och är vanligt förekommande på många svenska företag. Dessa samtal tillsammans med målstyrning ger möjligheten för både chef och medarbetare att skapa utvecklingsmöjligheter för verksamheten. Den bakomliggande orsaken till medarbetarsamtalens viktiga roll handlar om den rationella syn som finns kring dess effektivitet. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka funktionen av medarbetarsamtal och hur dessa fungerar i praktiken. Detta för att kunna identifiera de processer som uppstår på arbetsplatsen som kan förenas med fenomenet funktionell dumhet. Detta fenomen syftar till att individer inom en organisation gör de som förväntas av dem utan att reflektera kring sina arbetsuppgifter. Denna bristande reflektion och förståelse begränsar därmed utvecklingen av både verksamheten men också individen vilket därmed tyder på att man är funktionellt dum. Studien har för avsikt att ge förslag till både ledare och medarbetare kring hur målen på en arbetsplats bör utformas på ett hållbart samt relevant sätt. Då författarna ämnade att skapa en bild av respondenternas upplevelser ansågs en kvalitativ forskningsmetod vara mest passande. Datamaterialet består av totalt 16 semistrukturerade intervjuer med HR-anställda, chefer och medarbetare från fyra olika företag. Undersökningen av medarbetarsamtalets funktion och betydelse har gjorts bland respondenter där samtliga har varit verksamma i sin roll i minst tre år. Således finns en erfarenhet inom den roll som respondenten representerar samtidigt som denna tidsperiod ger indikationen att individen erfarit några medarbetarsamtal. Cheferna som har deltagit i studien har även ett medarbetaransvar på minst fem anställda samtidigt som de HR-anställda bedriver utveckling av dessa. Studiens resultat tyder sammanfattningsvis på att medarbetarsamtal har en betydelsefull roll på arbetsplatsen. Däremot identifieras flertalet processer som inte är genomtänkta för att i sin tur kunna gynna den enskilde medarbetaren men också verksamheten som helhet. Flertalet respondenter uttryckte hur de inte kunde identifiera sina målsättningar till verksamhetens visioner samtidigt som de inte heller fick vara med och utforma eller påverka dessa. De anställda som är med och påverkar sina egna mål kunde se sitt syfte med sin roll i förhållande till verksamhetens utveckling. Cheferna uttryckte även hur medarbetarsamtalen utformas utefter personliga preferenser samtidigt som de uppskattar visst stöd från HR-funktionen på arbetsplatsen. Bland slutsatserna som har presenterats framkommer det hur en tydlig handlingsplan bör prioriteras för att utveckla verksamhetens anställda. Ännu en slutsats är att det behöver skapas en grundläggande förståelse kring hur och varför målen är viktiga samt relevanta för den enskilda medarbetaren och verksamheten. Slutligen har vi konstaterat att hållbarheten kring målsättningar är att ha kontinuerliga uppföljningar med de anställda för att se till att målen är väsentliga. Genom att ha flera samtal om året ges även möjligheten att både snabbare och mer effektivt kunna fånga upp aspekter som välmående och personlig utveckling för den anställde. / Performance appraisals are common in many Swedish companies. These are conversations where the employee and manager talk about achievements and future goals for the employee. Together with goal management, these appraisals provide the chance for both the manager and employees to create development opportunities for the business. The underlying reason for the important role of performance appraisals is the rational view that exists around their effectiveness. This study aims to examine the function of performance appraisals and how these work in practice in order to identify processes that can be associated with the phenomenon functional stupidity. This phenomenon means that individuals within an organization do what is expected of them without reflecting on their tasks. This lack of reflection and understanding limits the development of both the organization but also the individual, which indicates functionally stupidity. The study intends to provide suggestions to both managers and employees on how the goals of a workplace can be designed in a sustainable and relevant way. A qualitative study was conducted, and a total of 16 semi-structured interviews with HR employees, managers and employees from four different companies were conducted. The results of the study indicate that performance appraisals have a significant role in the workplace. However, signs of functional stupidity are also identified. The respondents are well aware of processes that are not well thought out and do not benefit the individual employee nor the business as a whole. The majority of respondents expressed they could not relate their objectives to the business's visions, and at the same time they were not allowed to participate in designing or influencing them. The employees who are involved in influencing their own goals knew the purpose of their role in relation to the development of the business. The managers expressed how the performance appraisals are designed according to personal preferences, while at the same time appreciating some support from the HR function in designing the performance appraisals. Among the conclusions that have been presented, it appears that a clear action plan should be prioritized in order to support the development of employees. Another conclusion is that it is necessary to create a basic understanding of how and why the goal is important and relevant to the individual employee and the business. Finally, we found that continuous follow-ups with employees ensures that the goal-setting process is sustainable while aspects such as well-being and individual professional development are ensured at the same time.