Mesmo inicialmente desenvolvida com base num Fazer, documentado e difundido por meio de manuais na Europa do final do século XIX, a Arquivologia não se restringe a uma área eminentemente prática e requer princípios que orientem os procedimentos deste Fazer e o fundamentem em termos teóricos. Por tratar-se de uma área de Saber \"nova\" e, por assim dizer, ainda em processo de elaboração e desenvolvimento, necessita permanentemente revisitar seus pressupostos e estabelecer seu estatuto de ciência. Neste trabalho pretende-se apresentar reflexões em torno do Objeto científico da Arquivologia, com vistas à proposição de que há diferentes definições no âmbito de sua comunidade científica, ou ainda, de seu campo científico, além de investigar a configuração e consequências destas diferenças no campo científico brasileiro. Para fundamentar a pesquisa realizou-se revisão de literatura sobre o Objeto científico na bibliografia da área, discutindo e contextualizando seu delineamento frente à construção histórico-epistemológica da Arquivologia. Considerou-se necessária pesquisa empírica visando identificar as acepções do Objeto no campo científico brasileiro através de entrevistas junto a pesquisadores da área. / At first developed and based on a Fazer (to make) which was documented and diffused by manuals in the end of the XIX century in Europe, the archival science is not restricted only to a practical eminent area and requires principles that guides the procedures of this Fazer; fundamental in theoretical terms. Since it is an area of new knowledge and still under a process of elaboration and development, it requires a permanent review of its assumptions aiming to establish its statute as science. The aim of this work is to present reflections about the scientific object of archival science with views to the proposition that there are different definitions within its scientific community or even its scientific field; and to investigate the configuration and consequences of these differences in the Brazilian scientific field. In order to support the research process a literature review about the scientific object was conducted to discuss and contextualize its design towards the construction of historical-epistemological aspects of the archival science. An empirical research outline was necessary to identify the meanings of the object in the Brazilian scientific field thorough interviews with researches of the area.

A organização e tratamento da informação nos arquivos é um processo essencial na prática arquivística, que comporta um conjunto de atividades encadeadas para propiciar pesquisas e acesso aos documentos nela abrigados. O objetivo inicial da presente pesquisa foi compreender as teorias e métodos subjacentes a esse conjunto de processos. A hipótese inicial foi a de observar as teorias e práticas arquivísticas de organizar e tratar documentos e apontar suas interações com a Ciência da Informação. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, utilizou o método hipotético dedutivo como ponto de partida, tendo como objeto empírico um corpus de artigos científicos da área da arquivística, do período de 2000-2015. Foi possível identificar nesse corpus as mudanças propostas para a realização de atividades de classificação, indexação, descrição arquivística, normalização e diplomática, ao longo desse período. Ao final, foi possível constatar que a arquivística é uma disciplina com fundamentos teóricos e práticos sedimentados, conta com um conjunto de métodos, procedimento e instrumentos específicos para organizar e tratar a informação. Foi possível identificar conceitos comuns entre a Ciência da Informação e a Arquivística, tais como classificação, análise de informação e indexação, entre outros. No entanto, não há ligação teórica ou prática explícita entre as duas áreas, visto que esses conceitos, na arquivística, são utilizados atrelados aos princípios arquivísticos da proveniência, da ordem original e do ciclo de vida dos documentos. Com base nesses princípios, a arquivística responde adequadamente, aos problemas contemporâneos relacionados ao complexo problema da autenticidade dos documentos digitais. Trata-se, portanto, de uma área em contínuo desenvolvimento, que constrói teorias, métodos e procedimentos próprios que respondem satisfatoriamente às demandas sociais de busca e acesso a informações para garantir os direitos dos cidadãos e a gestão de políticas públicas. / The organization and information processing in archives is an essential process in archival practices and includes a set of linked activities to facilitate the search and access to documents. The initial objective of this research was to understand the fundamental theories and methods that support this process. The initial hypothesis was to explore the relations of the archival practices of document processint and organization to point out their interactions with Information Science. This research has qualitative approach, used the hypothetical deductive method as a starting point and the content analysis of a corpus of scientific articles presented in serials dedicated to archival sciences, published in 2000-2015. It was possible to identify common concepts used in Archival science and Information Science, such as classification, analysis and indexing, but this does not denote an explicit theoretical and practical connection between the two domains, since these concepts are used in the archival science coupled with the archival principles of provenance, original order and the document life cycle. Based in these principles, the Archival Science present solutions, to the contemporary questions as the complex problems related to the authenticity of digital documents. It was possible to identify the changes that occurred in the activities of classification, indexing, archival description, normalization and diplomatics throughout this period. Archival Science is a domain that develops reflecting and constructing specific theories, methods and procedures to promote satisfactory responses to social demands of access to information to the citizens and to the management of public policies.

Researchers have referred to Vladimir Putin as a “History man”. It has been confirmed that he takes a great personal interest in history and frequently speaks about the topic. However, previous research has not taken account for how Putin gives his statements about history additional authority. One way in which he does this is by referring to archives and archival documents, thus giving his statements about history an additional aura of “truthfulness”. This essay aims to partially fill the gap in previous research by examining Putin’s statements about history and archives from a perspective of archival science by asking the following research questions: “How does Putin view archives and archival records?”, “What can archives be used for and what characteristics are they given by Putin?”. The theoretical and methodological basis for this essay is discourse analysis and Jörn Rüsen’s typology of historical narratives. By examining the discourses Vladimir Putin expresses and reproduces about archives insight has been gained into the way in which a prominent politician uses archives, how he views their function in society and what their characteristics are. As Vladimir Putin seemingly always speaks about archives in relation to history the latter could not be ignored, which is why Rüsens’ typology was used to examine what kind of historical narrative Putin expresses when speaking about archives. The analysis in this essay shows that Vladimir Putin has a strong belief in archives as mirrors of the past. According to the Russian President archives portray a completely accurate and unquestionable account for how history has unfolded. He dismisses any historical narrative that is not based on archival documents as politicized speculation. In Putin’s eyes archives also play a central role in preserving a common, national heritage for the entire Russian nation as a whole.

During the past couple of years, genetic genealogy has been used as an instrument for law enforcement to identify and catch criminals of unsolved cases. The method has created an ethical discussion concerning individual integrity and the potential risks an implementation of a method like this could cause. The purpose of this essay is to examine this method from an ethical perspective and discuss aspects like personal integrity, legislation and in what way people who send in their DNA to genealogy companies can affect their genetic data. Five different DNA testing genealogy companies have been selected to study and discuss in this essay. By examining their terms of conditions and privacy policies, the study will investigate how these companies act regarding the potential use from law enforcement of their DNA-databases to solve crimes. Parts of the current ethical debate regarding the method will also be presented and discussed to show potential advantages and disadvantages using a method like this could lead to. The results from the study show that forensic genetic genealogy could have both its advantages and disadvantages. Using the method has shown to be successful in capturing perpetrators behind unsolved crimes but it has also led to innocent people getting involved into criminal investigations. There are multiple ethical aspects concerning the method and the results show that there is a lack of research about the method and these aspects. There is also a lack of legislation or other forms of regulations regarding the method. The conclusion that therefore has been made is that there needs to be more research made about the ethical aspects of the method and that there needs to be more regulations to avoid the disadvantages using the method potentially could bring.

With the onset of the information age, archivists are more frequently placed in professional situations where they must work with automated systems to manage the records in their custody. They must acquire new skills to use this technology, including system analysis, system planning, and the principles of computer operation. An area that is frequently neglected, however, is that of developing and maintaining in-house project documentation for systems once equipment is in place and implementation has begun. This oversight leads to poor training strategies, inconsistencies in input and output, and information loss when personnel changes occur. Project documentation is the group of records that describe the system the archivist creates. It is a communications tool, developed by the project manager as a reference document for administrative and operations purposes, and to train users. The documentation guidelines assembled in this text were developed by the author while implementing automated systems over a six-year period. They are arranged in five groups. SCOPE discusses ways to introduce the user to the project, the equipment, and to the concept of the project manual. SYSTEM ORIENTATION contains strategies for more detailed instruction on the equipment. INPUT shows how to describe the data base design and instruct the user on entering data. OUTPUT provides a format for profiling and generating reports. And OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE outlines the tools the project manager needs to maintain the system.

The Children's Home Society of Florida, often referred to as "Florida's Greatest Charity", is the state's oldest non profit welfare agency. Founded in 1902, the society was instrumental in creating and reforming child welfare laws as well as helping countless children in the state of Florida find loving homes. This paper focuses on the archival processing of the Children's Home Society of Florida Collection papers and the creation of a subsequent web exhibit. The role of archivist and public historian is examined to see how each profession works toward a common goal.

Estudo da possibilidade do uso dos princípios da diplomática contemporânea ou tipologia documental para a elaboração de um instrumento de gestão de documentos arquivísticos - o manual de tipologia documental - tendo como laboratório o arquivo da Prefeitura Municipal de Campo Belo, MG e discutindo-se a evolução e organização do município no Brasil, sua documentação característica, assim como as teorias e metodologias da diplomática contemporânea, como subsídios para a construção daquele instrumento. Apresentação do manual de tipologia documental do arquivo municipal de Campo Belo, MG, que contém: estrutura da Prefeitura Municipal, lista de tipos documentais, tabela de equivalência e verbetes de análise dos tipos dos documentos correspondentes a cada um dos órgãos municipais. / A study about the possibilities of the application of the contemporary diplomatics principles for the elaboration of a records administration instrument- a manual of documental types - using the Campo Belo's public archive as laboratory and discussing the evolution and organization of local government in Brazil, and presenting how the contemporary diplomatics’s methods and theories can be used for the construction of those instruments. A presentation of a manual of documental types belonging to Campo Belo's public archive that contains: general schedule of Prefeitura Municipal, the list of documental types, equivalence schedule and the analysis of each documental type of every local government agency.

A tese busca compreender os processos de definição e constituição, no século XX, em Santa Catarina, de dois campos profissionais e de conhecimento - o campo historiográfico e o campo arquivístico ?, bem como suas interações. A primeira parte focaliza a historiografia sobre Santa Catarina, problematizando as tensões entre a ?nova geração? (muito identificada ao meio universitário) e os representantes da ?história tradicional? (em geral, associados ao Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Santas Catarina ? IHGSC), abordando as condições e locais de produção de trabalhos de caráter histórico, bem como as formas de sua disseminação. A segunda parte estuda as tentativas de estabelecer, para os arquivos em Santa Catarina, uma política, uma legislação comum e uma rede de intercâmbios, sobretudo a partir da década de 1980. Estuda-se o papel do Arquivo Público do Estado de Santa Catarina e, a partir dos anos 1970, a legislação sobre arquivos municipais. A terceira parte focaliza mais detidamente quatro instituições arquivísticas municipais - os arquivos de Blumenau, Joinville, Itajaí e Florianópolis -, salientando-se, em sua trajetória, a relação com procedimentos de instituição de memórias, de elaboração e legitimação de narrativas históricas, de racionalização administrativa e de garantia de acesso aos documentos como condição do exercício da cidadania. / This thesis aims an understanding of the process of definition and constitution of two professional and knowledge fields - the historiographic field and the archivistic field - as well as their reciprocal interactions, in Twentieth Century Santa Catarina. Part I focus on the historiography on Santa Catarina, discussing the tensions between the ?new generation? (strongly identified to the University environment) and the representatives of the ?traditional history? (usually associated to the Santa Catarina Institute for History and Geography - Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Santa Catarina - IHGSC), investigating the places and conditions in which works of historical nature were produced, as well as their dissemination. Part II investigates the atempts to build policy, common legislation and collaborative networks for the archives of Santa Catarina, especially after the 1980\'s. There are also studies on the role of the State Archives of Santa Catarina (Arquivo Público do Estado de Santa Catarina) and, after the 1970\'s, on the legislation on City Archives. Part III has a closer focus on four City Archives - Blumenau, Joinville, Itajaí and Florianópolis Archives-, highlighting their relation with the ways memory is produced, with the elaboration and validation of historical narratives, with administrative efficiency and with the warranty of access to documents as a condition for effective citizenship.

O crescente interesse dos historiadores pelos documentos originários de instituições do poder judiciário, cujo grau de difusão e penetração na sociedade os torna, na mesma proporção, reveladores de aspectos importantes do quotidiano vivido pelas pessoas, não se faz acompanhar de um conhecimento mais sistemático sobre os mecanismos de funcionamento desses organismos. Com o propósito de oferecer aos pesquisadores subsídios que lhes permitam compreender a estrutura organizacional do Juízo de Órfãos de São Paulo ao longo do período que vai de 1578 a 1926 (balizas cronológicas do fundo custodiado pelo Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo) e, sobretudo, caracterizar os tipos documentais que resultaram de seu funcionamento, este trabalho assume acentuado caráter instrumental, seja para potencializar o uso acadêmico de tais fontes, seja para oferecer parâmetros de arranjo e descrição a arquivos semelhantes. / The growing interest of historians on judicial archives, whose degree of social penetration make them equally capable of revealing important aspects of people lives, is not proportional to the knowledge they have about institutional history. In order to understand the Juízo de Órfãos de São Paulo (1578-1926) and to define the kind of records it has produced over time, this work assumes an instrumental character both to academic research and to professionals who organize similar archives.

A discussão sobre a custódia, que polarizou a comunidade arquivística a respeito de como seria realizada a preservação dos documentos arquivísticos digitais, suscitou diversos questionamentos sobre os fundamentos da Arquivologia e do papel das instituições arquivísticas para desempenharem suas funções de guarda, preservação e acesso. Os arquivos historicamente foram concebidos como lugar de conservação de documentos autênticos e vinculados à administração. Essa ligação foi rompida no século XIX, quando os arquivos se tornaram históricos, voltados para a preservação das fontes do passado. A discussão sobre a preservação digital está possibilitando que os teóricos contemporâneos reflitam sobre os arquivos do ponto de vista do produtor, pois a preservação de materiais digitais é contínua e começa no momento da criação dos documentos. Esta religação com a administração significa a possibilidade de os arquivos se tornarem instituições do presente estreitamente ligadas ao exercício da cidadania. / The discussion about custody that polarized the archival community regarding how to implement the preservation of digital records raised diverse issues related to Archival Science fundamentals and about how archival institutions would develop their functions of guardianship, preservation and access. Archival repositories were historically conceived as places to preserve authentic records and were connected to the administration. This bond was broken in the XIX century, when archives became primarily historical, with the focus on preserving sources of the past. The discussion on digital preservation is offering an opportunity to contemporaneous scholars to think about archives from the point of view of the creator, because the preservation of digital materials is continuous and starts at the moment of record creation. This reconnection with the administration means that it is possible for archives to become institutions of the present closely committed to the exercise of citizenship.