Orientador: Jefferson Nascimento de Oliveira / Resumo: A água está ligada a praticamente todos os processos e atividades, entretanto, apesar de ser um recurso renovável, sua disponibilidade é limitada. Interferências antrópicas e degradação ambiental contribuem para reduzir a capacidade de infiltração, acumulação e armazenamento nas bacias, consequentemente, reduzindo a vazão nos mananciais. A expansão dos usos, deficiências na gestão e governança das águas comprometem o balanço hídrico e o atendimento aos múltiplos usos, inclusive os prioritários. Eventos hidrológicos críticos agravam esses processos, sendo necessário atuar para evitar ou minimizar impactos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. A bacia do Rio Meia Ponte é a principal bacia goiana, onde se concentra 40% da população em menos de 3,5% do Estado. A situação é agravada no trecho das nascentes do rio Meia Ponte até o ponto de captação para o abastecimento da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia, área de estudo desta pesquisa, que representa 0,4% do Estado e é responsável por abastecer aproximadamente um milhão de pessoas. Este trecho está severamente antropizado, restam 13,6% de vegetação remanescente e 63,47% das áreas de Preservação Permanente no entorno dos mananciais comprometidas. Aproximadamente 94,67% da vazão já está alocada para os usos e o abastecimento público capta 80% desta. Os pequenos usos não são considerados no cálculo do balanço hídrico e há uma grande quantidade de usos irregulares. O somatório desses fatores compromete a capacidade de atender aos múltiplos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The water is linked to almost all the processes and activities, however, despite being a renewable resource, it is of limited availability. Anthropogenic interferences and environmental degradation contribute to reduce their capacity of infiltration, accumulation and storage of water, consequently reducing the flow in the basin. The expansion of the uses and the deficiencies in the water management and governance, compromise the water balance and the attendance to the multiple uses, including priority uses. The occurrence of critical hydrological events aggravates these processes, and it is necessary to act to avoid or minimize the economic, social and environmental impacts. The basin of the Meia Ponte River is the main basin in Goiás, concentrating 40% of the population in less than 3.5% of the State. The situation is aggravated in the section of the sources of the Meia Ponte river until the point of abstraction for the water supply of the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia, a study area of this research, which represents 0.4% of the State and is responsible for water supplying approximately 1 million people. This section is severely anthropized, only 13.6% of the remaining vegetation and 63.47% of the Permanent Preservation areas around the rivers are compromised. Approximately 94.67% of the flow is already allocated for the uses, and the public supply captures 80% of this flow. The small uses not only considered in the calculation of the water balance and there are a lot of ir... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A fala é definida como a representação motora da Linguagem, a partir da coordenação de três processos neurológicos: organização de conceitos, formulação e expressão simbólica; programação do ato motor envolvido na produção da fala e a sua própria produção motora. O controle motor da fala, que ordena a contração muscular para a sua execução de praxias, inclui o planejamento, a preparação de movimentos e a execução de planos, com vistas a contrações musculares e deslocamentos de estruturas que culminarão na articulação da fala. Os trabalhos científicos nacionais e internacionais vislumbram um novo campo de atuação fonoaudiológica para o trabalho com a fala alterada, com a estimulação da praxias não verbais. Os objetivos deste trabalho centram-se na elaboração de um Programa de Intervenção Práxico-produtivo e aplicação em crianças com transtorno fonológico, para verificar sua aplicabilidade na clínica fonoaudiológica. O trabalho foi dividido em 2 etapas. A 1ª etapa contou com a revisão, na bibliografia nacional e internacional, do tratamento dado às praxias orais e não verbais e suas aplicações clínicas no âmbito fonoaudiológico, por meio de busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs e Scielo. Os artigos mostraram que a praxia não verbal pode ser estimulada para o trabalho clínico com a fala, no entanto, não há descrição do trabalho fonoaudiológico, tampouco um detalhamento de exercícios em sequência que poderiam ser usados. Nenhum artigo referiu o modo pelo qual as praxias não verbais deveriam ser trabalhadas, nem mesmo como se deve estimular a programação motora para a fala. Baseados nessa revisão, este estudo propôs um programa de estimulação das praxias não verbais de lábios e língua e dos aspectos fonológicos em 12 sessões pré-determinadas. Após elaboração do programa, aplicouse o material em 12 crianças, com idades entre 6 e 8 anos, com transtorno fonológico, que se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão do estudo, para mostrar sua aplicabilidade na clínica. Os resultados apontaram melhora da realização da fala em todos os sujeitos, no tempo estipulado pelo instrumento, com escores superiores nas provas avaliativas de fonologia e praxias orais pós-intervenção, quando comparadas aos scores da pré-intervenção. O Programa de Intervenção Práxico-produtivo mostrou-se útil, simples, de fácil aplicação pelo fonoaudiólogo e de bom entendimento pelos participantes, com respostas favoráveis à aquisição dos fonemas. / Speech is defined as the motor representation of language from the coordination of three neurological processes: organization of concepts, formulation and symbolic expression; programming of motor act involved in speech production and its own motor production. The speech motor control, which orders the muscle contraction for its execution, includes the planning, preparation of movements and execution of plans, with a view to muscle contractions and movements of structures that will culminate in speech. National and international scientific papers envision a new field of speech therapy to work with altered speech with the stimulation of non-verbal praxis. The objectives of the present study focuses on the development of a Program of Praxis- Productive Intervention and its application in children with phonological disorder in order to verify its usability in speech therapy. The study was defined in 2 parts. The 1st stage included a review of the national and international literature for the treatment of oral and non-verbal praxis and its clinical applications in the area of speech by searching in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The articles showed that nonverbal praxis can be stimulated for clinical work with speech, however, there is no description of speech therapy work, nor a breakdown of exercises in sequence that could be used. No article referred to the way in which non-verbal praxis should be worked, not even how to stimulate motor programming for speech. Based on this review, the present study proposed a stimulation program of non-verbal praxis of the lips and tongue and the phonological aspects in 12 predetermined sessions. After drawing up the program, the material was applied to 12 children, aged between 6 and 8 years with phonological disorder that met the inclusion criteria of the study in order to show their applicability in practice. The results showed improvement in the realization of Speech in all subjects at the time stipulated by the instrument, with higher scores on the evaluative evidence of Phonology and Oral Praxis post-intervention compared to the scores of pre-intervention. The Praxis-productive intervention program was useful, simple, easy to apply by the speech patologist and had a good understanding by the participants with favorable responses for the acquisition of phonemes.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-19T19:10:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCosta.pdf: 8300627 bytes, checksum: 1b02c04a1a94111338012bbd4c2b4e6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T19:10:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCosta.pdf: 8300627 bytes, checksum: 1b02c04a1a94111338012bbd4c2b4e6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The typography is shown as a primary element when it comes to the transmission of reports via text. In the case of patient information leaflets, typography and its bad articulation can result in an inefficient readability and thus the misunderstanding of the information contained therein (Hammerschmidt, 2014, p. 218). Therefore it is understood that the research in question is relevant because it seeks to understand how the typographic articulation adopted in the mobile application MedSUS impacts on reading the patient information leaflets and comprehension. For this, a usability test was performed with smartphone with regular users (patients) in order to evaluate the readability and readability of texts found in the medication package inserts. A cooperative evaluation was then carried out with technical users (medical) to find relevant problems related to the MedSUS application interface. As a result, there was an improvement of satisfaction of regular users regarding the use of the application with the improved typographic aspects and the technical users evaluated as being of low utility the application in question for the use in medical care. Finally, recommendations are presented for the use of typography in the presentation of texts of drug inserts in mobile application MedSUS. / A tipografia se mostra como elemento primordial quando se trata da transmissão da informação através de texto. Em se tratando de bulas de medicamentos, a tipografia e sua má articulação podem resultar em uma ineficiente leiturabilidade e assim no mal entendimento das informações ali contidas (HAMMERSCHMIDT, 2014, p. 218). Por isso entende-se que a pesquisa em questão é relevante pois visa compreender como a articulação tipográfica adotada no aplicativo móvel MedSUS impacta na leitura das bulas de medicamentos e na compreensão das mesmas. Para isso, foi realizado um teste de usabilidade com smartphone com usuários comuns (pacientes) com o objetivo de avaliar a legibilidade e leiturabilidade dos textos encontrados nas bulas dos medicamentos. Em seguida foi realizada uma avaliação cooperativa com usuários técnicos (médicos) que visou encontrar problemas relevantes e relacionados à interface do aplicativo MedSUS. Como resultados, obteve-se uma melhora na satisfação dos usuários comuns com relação ao uso do aplicativo com os aspectos tipográficos aperfeiçoados e os usuários técnicos avaliaram como sendo de baixa utilidade o aplicativo em questão para o uso em atendimento médico. Por fim, são apresentados recomendações para o uso da tipografia na apresentação de textos das bulas de medicamentos no aplicativo móvel MedSUS.

Continuing education advances society. For every student, our educational system should provide a seamless transition from one level to the next until a degree or certificate is earned that reflects a mastery of skills needed to secure employment. This helps prepare each individual for a successful life after exiting the educational system and greatly benefit our society. Today, however, many students graduating from high schools are not ready for a postsecondary education. Transitioning students from high school to college is a complex process that requires many different approaches. Students making this transition are finding it more difficult to enter and succeed at a higher level of education because of the complexity of this process. Preparing students for postsecondary options is critical for every student. Students from low-income families and some ethnic and racial minority groups are most dependent on the ability of their high school to prepare them properly for college success (Conley, 2010). In what ways can schools better prepare students for postsecondary success? This study focuses on the creation of a Postsecondary Readiness Guidebook (PRG) which provides a comprehensive approach to help educational leaders prepare students for postsecondary success. The guidebook uses a problem-based learning design and follows the research and development process. The guidebook was field tested by educational leaders in a K-12 public school though a workshop using a qualitative methodology. During the field-testing of the guidebook, data were collected through assessments, interviews with educators, and questionnaires completed by educational leaders at the school. Data were analyzed using inductive coding, facesheet coding, enumeration, and typology. The findings of the study reveal that using a guidebook with a comprehensive approach to postsecondary preparedness can help school leaders prepare students for postsecondary success. Educational leaders in the school collectively focused on best practices and programs aimed at preparing students for postsecondary options through the use and interaction of the PRG. The guidebook gave them a compass for which to navigate the complex process of preparing students for postsecondary success.

Normal phonological development is characterized by phonological processes in preschool children. These processes are sound error patterns, in relation to the adult target, that are expected within the speech of normally developing children. As children grow older, they "outgrow" these developmental errors. Within the black English dialect, speakers may use a combination of these processes and not be considered phonologically impaired within their linguistic community. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare phonological process usage in the speech of lower socioeconomic black and white preschoolers. The APP-R in conjunction with the CAPP was administered to two groups of 15 children to determine if significant differences exist in the usage of phonological processes between the two groups. Group 1 was comprised of 15 black preschoolers from an inner-city preschool program. Group 2 was comprised of 15 white preschoolers from a Headstart program. All children were identified by their respective speech-language pathologist as having normally developing speech for their linguistic community. Data analysis revealed black preschoolers used phonological processes with a higher frequency than white preschoolers. The phonological process usage mean for the black preschoolers was 4.26% (SD = 1.94) and the mean for the white preschoolers was 1.71% (SD = 2.86). Three of the ten basic processes were determined to be significantly different between the two groups, including: consonant sequence omission, strident deviation, and velar deviation. The results were further examined to determine if either group of preschoolers was identified as needing phonological remediation based on their performance on the APP-R. None of the subjects in either group was identified as needing phonological remediation. In conclusion, results indicated black English speaking preschoolers did use significantly more phonological processes in their speech, however, the APP-R did not identify these children as needing phonological remediation. These results demonstrate the APP-R to be an appropriate assessment tool when evaluating the speech of this Portland black English speaking sample.

This thesis presents a narrative of Aboriginal economic responses in the 19th century to the colonisation of the Shoalhaven and Illawarra regions of New South Wales. It explores the competing claims of articulation theory and dependency theory about the intersection of colonial and indigenous economies. Dependency theory claims that settlers destroy the indigenous mode of production to permit the expansion of their own economic system. They exploit indigenous labour which then becomes dependent on capitalist sources of subsistence. Articulation theory, as modified by Layton (2001) to recognise the bi-directional nature of contact, posits that the rate of capitalist penetration into indigenous economies is variable and that the non-capitalist mode of production may be preserved to create a self-supporting source of labour. The contrasting theories are assessed in this thesis by determining the contribution different strategies made to Aboriginal subsistence. Historical evidence is used to assess each strategy. The main source of information is from Alexander Berry's Shoalhaven estate, where Aboriginal people lived from settlement in 1822 until they were moved to a reserve in the early 1900s. The analysis suggests that contrary to previous research, Aboriginal people gained the majority of their subsistence from fishing, hunting and gathering until 1860. Strategies that depended on the colonial economy such as farm work, trading, living with settlers and stealing made only minor contributions to Aboriginal subsistence. After 1860, European land use intensified and Aboriginal people were further alienated from the land. The contribution of hunting and gathering contracted as a result. Dependency on government assistance increased, particularly after the foundation of the Aborigines Protection Board in 1882. Fishing remained an important source of food and cash. Maritime resources were not commercially exploited to a significant extent until the closing years of the 19th century when Aboriginal people were provided with boats and nets to assist their efforts. The historical evidence demonstrates that articulation theory offers a more realistic approach than does dependency theory when analysing the intersection of colonial and indigenous economies. This is because articulation theory can predict variable outcomes. The variable outcome suggested by the Shoalhaven and Illawarra data are that hunting, gathering and fishing economies have the resilience to withstand the colonial encounter if sufficient resources are made available.

Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire est sous-tendu par trois observations majeures. D'abord, de nombreux travaux ont mis en évidence que la parole n'était pas uniquement de nature auditive mais aussi visuelle. D'autre part, la prosodie, domaine de l'intonation, du rythme et du phrasé joue un rôle crucial en parole. Enfin, la deixis ou monstration est un phénomène au coeur de la communication parlée et de son acquisition par les jeunes enfants. Or celle-ci peut, entre autre, s'exprimer uniquement avec la parole : il est possible de « montrer de la voix » par la focalisation prosodique par exemple. Ces observations et constatations permettent d'émettre l'hypothèse que la focalisation contrastive prosodique se manifesterait non seulement par la modalité auditive ,comme il a déjà été largement exploré, mais aussi par la modalité visuelle. C'est la piste que les travaux de ce mémoire visent à explorer pour le cas particulier du français. Plusieurs analyses en production de la parole ont ainsi permis, grâce aux enregistrements de six locuteurs avec deux systèmes de mesure différents et complémentaires, de mettre en évidence les stratégies de signalisation visuelle de la focalisation. Il semble que les locuteurs produisent des indices articulatoires visibles selon deux stratégies principales : la stratégie de signalisation absolue et la stratégie de signalisation différentielle. Les analyses ont également permis de montrer que d'autres gestes faciaux non articulatoires (mouvements des sourcils et de la tête) pourraient être liés à la production de la focalisation mais de façon très variable non seulement d'un locuteur à l'autre mais aussi pour un même locuteur. Par ailleurs, des analyses parallèles en perception, ont permis de montrer que les indices visuels mis en évidence en production, étaient effectivement utilisés en perception et qu'ils permettent d'extraire l'information de focalisation quand la modalité auditive est indisponible ou dégradée. Il a été mis en évidence que les indices visuels identifiés en production correspondent au moins en partie à ceux utilisés en perception audiovisuelle. Ces travaux montrent ainsi que la focalisation contrastive en français est « visible » et est « vue ». Ces résultats permettent d'esquisser un modèle cognitif de la production et de la perception audiovisuelles de la focalisation contrastive en français.

Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse portent sur l'évaluation des coûts macro-économiques de politiques climatiques nationales et mondiales.<br />Ils reposent sur une mise en relation innovante des prospectives énergétique et macroéconomique, dont l'objectif est d'assurer la représentation fidèle, dans la modélisation macroéconomique, des élasticités du système énergétique mises en lumière par l'analyse technico-économique.<br />Ils opèrent aussi un questionnement critique des études analytiques ayant conclu à l'improbabilité d'un dividende économique net de réformes fiscales environnementales, en démontrant que le signe ultime de l'effet prix général d'une réforme « écofiscale » est dépendant des structures de production et de consommation préexistant à la réforme, ainsi que de leur réactivité au signal-prix.<br />Ils soulignent enfin le rôle prépondérant du changement technique induit et de ses modalités—éviction de l'investissement de productivité générale éventuellement corrigée par une diffusion du progrès technique spécifique—sur l'obtention d'un second dividende.

Ce travail est dédié à l'étude de l'influence de l'utilisation d'une articulation du genou polycentrique durant la marche d'un robot bipède. Ce type d'articulation permet d'obtenir un mouvement du centre de rotation instan- tané du genou tel que l'on peut l'observer chez l'homme contrairement à la majorité des robots humanoïdes, qui utilisent une seule liaison pivot aux genoux. La cinématique de l'articulation du genou humain est présentée dans un premier temps, afin de déterminer un mécanisme susceptible de reproduire les mouvements du genou humain. Cette articulation constituée d'un méca- nisme parallèle est étudiée du point de vue cinématique notamment pour déterminer son espace de travail sans passage par des singularités. Le formalisme de Lagrange est utilisé pour la définition du modèle dynamique du robot avec l'ajout de multiplicateurs de Lagrange pour tenir compte des efforts internes aux genoux à 4-barres. Un problème d'optimisation paramétrique sous contraintes est posé pour générer un ensemble de trajectoires de marche optimale en énergie avec ou sans phases de double support et en tenant compte d'impacts impulsionnels. Les trajectoires ainsi générées sont comparées au même type de trajectoires obtenues dans le cas de l'utilisa- tion d'une articulation pivot pour le genou et montrent une diminution de la consommation d'énergie pour les différentes allures avec des genoux à 4-barres. Cette diminution d'énergie est obtenue par une réduction de la variation de l'énergie potentielle par rapport au cas du robot utilisant des genoux pivots. Enfin, nous montrons une réduction d'énergie dans le cas de l'utilisation de ressorts sur les genoux à 4-barres.

ABSTRACT During Dutch Colonial domination, one of the most controversial themes was that why the Indonesian society had failed to generate an indigenous bourgeoisie. Since the post-colonial era, most developing countries are facing three dilemmas: the state building, the formation of social classes, the capital accumulation. For the methodology, the dissertation both takes a¡§state-center¡¨view and tries to apply an approach to explore the formation of Bureaucratic Capitalist during Suharto time with a view of historical-structure from the concept of state, class and capital. Furthermore, the studies will focus on three fields. First, why over 350 years, the mercantile policy of the colonial regime had failed to penetrate into the whole Indonesia shaping an indigenous bourgeoisie. Secondly, from 1950 to 1965, President Sukarno had taken the state-capitalism as a developmental strategy why Indonesian society still had not found indigenous bourgeoisie strong enough to take responsibility of leading capitalist revolution. Thirdly, after 1965, in the power of Suharto, the state has played a decisive role in the shaping the development of big entrepreneurs in the post-colonial Indonesia. In addition, the studies will review and provide a critical analysis of the works of Indonesia Studies in the West, and continues to dialogue with the contemporary academician in the field. Key Words: Agricultural Involution, Asian Mode of Production, Pre-capitalism, Dual Economy, Articulation Theory, State Apparatus, Capital Accumulation, Commercialization, Bureaucratic-Capitalist Class