Research on attachment theory supports the notion that our early attachment relationships are integral to empathic development, and that early negative attachment relationships can promote depersonalization rather than empathy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of separations from one’s primary caregiver(s) on the development of empathy or depersonalization in adolescence. Adolescents who have been separated from their biological parent(s) due to abuse and/or neglect were expected to differ on self-reported levels of empathy, dissociation, hostility, and depression when compared to adolescents who have not had such involuntary separations in their life. After performing descriptive, correlational, and inferential analyses, results indicated that there was not a significant difference between the groups on self-reported levels of empathy, dissociation, hostility, or depressive symptomatology. It is important to note, though, that more than half of the youth who were involuntarily separated from their biological parent(s) continued to view at least one of their parents as a positive attachment figure, and there was not a significant difference between groups on the number of positive attachments reported. The findings in this study were interpreted as supportive of the applications of attachment theory to past empathy research, since differences on the dependent variables were not expected if there were not differences in attachment between the two groups. The results also supported the seminal work of John Bowlby by affirming the role of perception and the cognitive appraisal of attachment figures on attachment security. Furthermore, the results validated the use of the Social Networks Questionnaire (SNQ) and supported its use, in conjunction with the Social Support Questionnaire-Short Form (SSQ6), to assess attachment relationships.

The work described in this thesis discusses the design of a solar energy harvesting system to support a structural health monitoring system. The objective was to design a photovoltaic system capable of powering a wireless gateway and cellular modem, a static DC 14W load, while meeting certain functional and energy requirements for deployment on a bridge. A literature review of the application, technologies, components, and latest innovations in solar energy technology was completed. A methodology for designing a system for attaching energy harvesting systems onto bridges while meeting design requirements is presented as a tool for engineers and students. The use of the tool was demonstrated through a study which revealed that the methodology aided in producing concepts that were higher in quality, quantity, and better met design requirements. A PV array performance model was used to determine the proper PV module size, battery bank size, panel orientation, the usefulness of a solar tracker and MPPT charge controller, and whether the use of two separate PV modules with independent geometric orientations provide better performance as compared to a single larger panel. It was found from the study that the optimal PV system design specifications were a 120W Polycrystalline PV panel, a 120 A-hr LiFePO4 battery bank, a 45 degree tilt and 0 degrees solar azimuth angle (south), and an MPPT controller. The results from the analytical model also showed that the maximum energy produced with two independent panels would be at a solar azimuth angle of 0 degrees (south) and tilt angles of 45 and 50 degrees respectively. However, these energy gains were insignificant compared to simply increasing the size of the PV module. This result was verified by physical experiments. The physical embodiment of the solar energy harvester with these characteristics, including the mount to the bridge and the panel, was conceptualized, refined, analyzed for structural integrity, and prototyped. / text

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第22728号 / 医博第4646号 / 新制||医||1045(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 伊達 洋至, 教授 萩原 正敏, 教授 松田 道行 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate a methodological approach to explore a potential connection between player types and preferences in emotional character attachments. To do so, the thesis investigates connections between player types and emotional attachments to NPCs by conducting two studies. Study 1 provides general data about the audience of Detroit: Become Human (2018) through a survey about player types and how players feel about NPCs from the game, and forms three hypotheses. Study 2 tests the hypotheses through a second survey. The results demonstrate how to gather data regarding player types and preferences, indicates that Performers prefer to form relationships with NPCs that display traits related to a Close Friend attachment, and suggests that Explorers display a preference for pragmatic traits. However, future research must further examine other player types’ preferences to fully support the claim that player types affect preferences in emotional attachments to NPCs.

De nombreux naturalistes amateurs battent la campagne et entreprennent parfois de véritables expéditions afin d’inventorier les différentes entités du monde naturel. Ils le font par passion, sur leur temps de loisir, et souvent en étroite collaboration avec des institutions académiques, en particulier les muséums d’histoire naturelle. Face à la crise d’extinction qui touche la biodiversité, cette collaboration entre amateurs et professionnels se renouvelle à travers notamment ce qui est appelé en France les sciences participatives. Cette thèse documente ce phénomène avec pour objectif de comprendre ce que les observatoires participatifs de la biodiversité transforment dans la pratique des naturalistes amateurs. Afin de mieux représenter la diversité des observateurs et des dispositifs, nous avons choisi de nous pencher sur le cas des amateurs de papillons peu étudiés jusque-là lorsqu’ils s’impliquent dans des atlas ou des suivis de biodiversité. A travers des méthodes ethnographiques privilégiant la longue durée de l’enquête et la description des pratiques en situation, notre travail accorde un soin particulier à documenter l’irruption du numérique dans la circulation des connaissances entre pairs, la diversification des régimes d’attention dans les expériences d’observation, et la multiplication des manières d’alerter la société sur les dangers qui menacent la biodiversité. En soulignant le lien entre les composantes communautaires, expérientielles, et politiques de l’activité des naturalistes amateurs, cette thèse défend l’idée qu’il y a un continuum entre le mouvement des corps et la formation des valeurs : l’engagement des naturalistes amateurs apparaît ainsi comme processuel et multiforme. Le plaisir de l’observation et la nécessité de témoigner s’y conjuguent, avec des attachements aux espèces rencontrées et aux espaces parcourus qui génèrent dans certains contextes des temps plus militants de décloisonnement des savoirs. / Many amateur naturalists comb the countryside and sometimes undertake full-size expeditions to inventory the different entities of the natural world. They do it by passion, on their leisure time, and often in close collaboration with academic institutions, especially museums of natural history. Faced with the extinction crisis affecting biodiversity, this collaboration between amateurs and professionals is being renewed through what is called citizen sciences (participatory sciences in France). This thesis documents this phenomenon with the aim of understanding how participatory observatories of biodiversity transform the practice of amateur naturalists. In order to better represent the diversity of observers and schemes, we chose to focus on butterfly watchers little studied so far when they get involved in biodiversity atlases or monitoring schemes. Through ethnographic methods favoring long-term investigation and description of situated practices, our work paid a particular attention to document the irruption of digital technologies in the circulation of knowledge among peers, the diversification of attention regimes in observation experiences, and the multiplication of ways to alert society on the dangers that threat biodiversity. By highlighting the link between the community, the experiential and the political components of amateur naturalists’ activities, this thesis defends the idea that there is a continuum between the movement of bodies and the formation of values : the engagement of amateur naturalists thus appears as processual and multifaceted. The pleasure to observe and the need to testify intertwine, with attachments to encountered species and to visited areas which generate in some contexts activist attitudes reducing the partition of knowledges.

Theoretical part The theoretical part examines psychological resilience in pre-schoolers. It presents the terminology and factors influencing resilience. It describes the development of resilience in the context of the development of children. The following part describes the characteristics of resilience crucial for this research. An important part presents suggestions and tips for parents and teachers on how to foster and further develop these characteristics of psychological resilience. The last chapter of the theoretical part describes state-run, private and so called "forest" kindergartens and presents the legislative framework concerning pre-school education. Practical part The empirical part inspects the characteristics of resilience in pre-schoolers in private, state- run and the forest kindergartens. It examines the differences between the attitude of parents and teachers to initiative, self-regulation and relationship and bond forming in pre-schoolers in various types of kindergarten The key words resilience, preschool child, initiative, self-regulation, attachments and relationships, kindergarten

The Swedish Transport Administration manage nearly 4,000 railway bridges in different condition and age around the country. These bridges is in constant need of maintenance and requires continuous inspections. This thesis is designed as a damage investigation on a single-track railway bridge south of Solvarbo in Säter municipality. The railway bridge is in operation and serves over 10,000 trains a year, everything from speed trains to freight trains. The bridge is built as a beam bridge, simply supported over a road. The report is made in consultation with the company Reinertsen Sweden AB. An investigation of the bridge was carried out in 2013 by Reinertsen Sweden AB, which describes that the abutments lean onto the superstructure due to motion. The damage noted was that the movable bearings are seriously tilted, the superstructure is in contact with the breast wall and several cracks were found on the abutment. These damages were considered to affect the function of the structure and found needing further investigation to consider possible future actions. The objective of this thesis is to analyze how the bridge has changed since it was built and to find what may be the underlying causes to these changes. The report is aimed to constitute a foundation and a decision basis for further measures. To determine how the bridge has moved a surveying with a total station was performed. Thereafter updated drawings of the bridge were established and later compared with the existing original drawings. To understand why the bridge has moved a sliding control was performed with different loads. In addition an inspection of structural damages was carried out and evaluated. Comparing the drawings showed a significant displacement of the eastern abutment towards the western. The movement of the abutment has made the two bearing walls tilt. The sliding control showed that there is no risk of sliding when only earth pressure is considered, but when loads of the trains are applied there is a risk of sliding. Wear of the bridge has caused several damages in the bridge structure. The visible damages found were cracks, efflorescence, bearing misalignment and corrosion of bearings and visible reinforcement. What could be determined was that the bridge has moved horizontally and vertically and one reason for the movement in the eastern abutment could be the horizontal forces brought by a passing train. By examining the damage caused to the bridge and compare them with the requirements of the Swedish Transport Administration it could be established that some of these damages have raised due to lack of maintenance. / Denna rapport visar resultatet av vårt examensarbete i utbildningen till högskoleingenjör inom "Byggteknik och design" på Kungliga tekniska högskolan (KTH) i Stockholm. Organisationen Elikia na Biso, grundad av Miza Landström har med hjälp av studenter på KTH lyckats få fram ett förslag på två nya skolor som nu håller på att byggas i hennes födelseort Lwengo Basilla. Byn ligger i sydvästra delen av Demokratiska republiken Kongo. Området är i stort behov av skolor och Miza har genom sin organisation samlat in pengar för att driva igenom detta projekt. Tidigare har en grupp varit nere i Lwengo Basilla och påbörjat byggnationen av den första skolan och nästa steg är att bygga taket. Syftet med denna rapport är att med lokala material och hjälpmedel som finns att tillgå i Lwengo Basilla hitta lösningar på hur man på ett säkert sätt kan fästa taket till resten av byggnaden. Vi kommer även leda arbetet på plats för att lära ut byggtekniken till arbetarna i Lwengo Basilla. Denna rapport fokuserar på infästningarna av taket medan själva takstolskonstruktionen har arbetats fram av Shwan Delshad som har varit en samarbetspartner till denna rapport. I rapporten har fyra förslag på infästningslösningar för takstolarna tagits fram tillsammans med två förslag på pelare. Dessa har jämförts och ett lämpligt förslag har valts ut och dimensionerats. Pelarna kommer att bestå av trä och fästs i betongfundament för att få en stabilitet. Takstolarna fästs sedan i denna och balkar som löper mellan pelarna. Infästningen av takstolarna till väggen kommer utföras med hjälp av armeringsjärn som är inmurade i väggen och som spänns över takstolen och spikas fast för att takstolen ska sitta på plats. Dessa förslag användes i byggnationen av skolan. Arbetet med att få färdigt taket genomfördes enligt planerat och arbetarna tog till sig informationen om byggtekniken som användes. Den andra skolbyggnaden kommer nu att byggas av människorna i byn själva utifrån den teknik som användes vid första skolan.

[pt] Esta dissertação busca compreender a mobilização, por parte de discursos a favor do Brexit, de imagens da cultura britânica, já carregadas de afetos, e as relações entre essas imagens, levando em consideração a categoria de raça. Tendo como aporte teórico os estudos sobre afetos e emoções nas Relações Internacionais e a recepção da psicanálise lacaniana nos estudos de política mundial, reflito sobre em que medida uma melancolia pós-colonial e um sentimento anti-imigração, ancorados no apego a determinadas versões da nação, atravessadas pela branquitude contribuíram para a decisão de parte da população de retirar o Reino Unido da União Europeia. Por meio da análise do discurso afetiva, examina-se a dimensão afetiva e simbólica dos discursos da Campanha do Leave no período de 2015 e 2016, ano do referendo. Reúnem-se, nessa análise, discursos de políticos apoiadores do Brexit e figuras e fotografias a fim de compreender mais atentamente o apelo emocional desses discursos e como essas emoções se associam a símbolos presentes no imaginário coletivo, por exemplo, a nação e o National Health Service (NHS). Argumenta-se que a Campanha do Leave conseguiu entender e canalizar melhor uma determinada atmosfera afetiva e teve um relevante papel político para direcionar emocionalmente segmentos da população que eram contrários à imigração. Espera-se a partir desta pesquisa contribuir para a área dos estudos de afetos e emoções em política mundial sobre o apelo emocional de discursos políticos e dos investimentos afetivos na nação além de apontar novas interpretações e investigações sobre o Brexit a partir de uma análise afetiva que leve em conta a persistência da categoria de raça. / [en] This master s thesis seeks to understand the mobilisation of images of British culture, which are already fraught with affections, in pro-Brexit discourses and the relations between these images, taking into account the category of race. Having as theoretical contribution the studies on affections and emotions in International Relations and the reception of Lacanian psychoanalysis in world politics studies, I reflect on the extent to which a postcolonial melancholy and an anti-immigration sentiment, anchored in the attachment to certain versions of the nation and crossed by whiteness, contributed to the decision of part of the population to withdraw the United Kingdom s from the European Union. Following an affective discourse analysis, I examine the affective and symbolic dimension of the Leave Campaign discourses in 2015 and 2016, the year of the referendum. I gather discourses made by Brexit-supporting politicians as well as pictures and photographs in order to more closely understand the emotional appeal of these discourses and how these emotions are associated with symbols present in the collective imaginary, for example, the nation and the National Health Service (NHS). I argue that the Leave Campaign played a relevant political role in emotionally directing segments of the population that were against immigration because this campaign was able to better understand and channel a particular affective atmosphere. I hope this research will contribute to the burgeoning field of affect and emotion studies in world politics regarding the emotional appeal of political discourses and affective investments in the nation, as well as point to new interpretationss of Brexit through an affective analysis which takes into account the persistence of the category of race.

Zugl.: Budapest, Univ., Diss., 2003 / Zsfassung in engl. Sprache

Le discours commun plaide en faveur l'autonomie du malade. Pourtant soigner la maladie chronique révèle aussi des attachements. C'est ce que nous proposons de mettre en évidence, à travers notre thèse qui prend pour exemple le diabète et envisage, à travers le développement de la notion de travail d'équipement, de questionner l'autonomie, qui est loin d'aller de soi. A partir d'entretiens, d'observations de terrain et d'objets, de recherche de traces, nous interrogeons des pratiques telles que l'éducation thérapeutique, l'introduction des médicaments, des équipements (lecteur de glycémie, pompe à insuline). Tous ces éléments sont autant de médiations, pour le malade, son entourage, les professionnels de santé, les associations de malades, qui influencent le cours de la vie avec la maladie. Le travail d'équipement permet de faire le lien entre la sociologie de la santé et de la maladie, l'interactionnisme, la phénoménologie et la sociologie de l'acteur réseau. Il offre une grille de lecture de la maladie chronique et du soin, au regard de tous les équipements qui contribuent à la prise en charge la maladie. Il permet de définir ce qu'est l'autonomie dans le cadre d'une maladie qui tient le malade et va plus loin ouvrant vers la construction identitaire de l'homme-avec-la-maladie. / Common speech calls for patient autonomy. Yet chronic illness care also reveals attachments. This is what we propose to highlight, through our thesis that takes for example diabetes and plans through the development of the concept of ‘the equipping work', questioning the autonomy, which is far to go self. From interviews, field observations, objects screening, and search of traces, we interrogate such practices as therapeutic education, the introduction of drugs and equipment (glucometer, insulin pump). These elements are all mediations, for the patient, family members, health professionals, patient organisations, which influence the course of living with the disease. Equipping can make the link between the sociology of health and illness, symbolic interactionism, phenomenology and the actor network theory. It provides a grid of chronic illness and care, with all the equipements that contribute to the management of disease. It allows defining autonomy despite the strength of disease ties and leads to rebuild the identity of the man-with-the-sickness.