Dissertation--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1999. / Bibliogr. p. [315]-335.

Den svenska alternativrörelsen frodades under 1960- och 1970-talet och introducerade för det svenska folket en rad alternativa tankar om hur ett samhälle kan se ut. Rörelsen ifrågasatte tidigare givna auktoriteter och lyck­ades på det viset väcka den politiska debatten om bland annat miljö, jämställdhet och utrikespolitik. Carl Johan De Geer, än idag aktiv som konstnär, var en av de framträdande figurerna i den här rörelsen. En av hans gärningar var en framgångsrik affischproduktion under 1960-talet som uttryckte en politik i symbios med alternativrörelsens politik. De affischer från denna produktion som jag analyserar är: Yttrandefrihet på torget, Skända flaggan, USA mördare, Vägra vapen och “Turkiet är inte bara...”.  Jag har analyserat dessa affischer med en semiotisk bildanalys genom att ha delat upp affischerna i fyra olika meddelanden: det lingvistiska som behandlar texten, två meddelanden som fokuserar på bilden samt det multi­modala som undersöker texten och bildens samverkan. Målet var att med denna uppdelning lyckas i en jämförelse hitta likheter och olikheter mellan dessa affischer, för att sedan i slutsatsen kunna skönja den dominerande estetiska utformningen och de dominerande politiska budskapen och hur de förhåller sig till varandra. Det jag fann i Carl Johan De Geers affischer var en aggresiv tonalitet och estetik som jag tolkade som ett sätt att tränga igenom bruset. Jag såg även ett rikt användande av liknelser som en teknik att förhöja språkets effektivitet. Alla affischer var influerade av alternativpolitik, som säkert är ett resultat av hur Carl Johan De Geer placerar sig själv på det politiska fältet men kanske även ett resultat av tillhörighet till gemenskapen. Slutligen kunde jag konstatera att alla affischer var väl förankrade för att undvika missförstånd och även för att inte kräva för mycket av den flyktige betraktarens öga.  Detta gör dem dock inte ointressanta: jag fann nämligen att även om text och bild är förståeliga var för sig så adderade de ändå en dimension till varandra när de kombinerades.

Στόχος της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι να εξηγήσει το ρόλο που έχει σε ένα γραπτό κείμενο και στην κατανόησή του ο συγγραφέας, υπό ποιους όρους το κατανοεί ο αναγνώστης και κυρίως τη λειτουργία του ίδιου του γραπτού κειμένου στη διπλή σχέση του τόσο με τον συγγραφέα όσο και με τον αναγνώστη. Αφετηρία για τη μελέτη αυτή αποτελεί η σύγχρονη συζήτηση στη φιλολογία και τη θεωρία της λογοτεχνίας, σχετικά με την πρόθεση του συγγραφέα. Δύο κείμενα του Πλάτωνα, ο «Φαίδρος» και η «7η Επιστολή», θα βοηθήσουν να παρουσιαστεί πιο αναλυτικά το ζήτημα της κατανόησης. / The aim of this dissertation is to explain: a) the role of the author in a written text and in its understanding, b) under which circumstances the reader understand the written text and c) the function of the written text. Main point of this study is the contemporary discussion between philology and theory of literature, as far as the intention of the author is concerned. The analysis of two books of Plato, “Phaedrus” and “Seventh Letter”, will contribute to the presentation of the matter of understanding more extensively.

No description available.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att undersöka på vilket sätt ICA-reklamen gestaltar Sverige. Med nationalism, myter och ideologi som teoretiska utgångspunkter syftar uppsatsen till att komma närmare hur myten om Sverige rekonstrueras i ICA:s reklamfilmer, samt vilken roll ICA har i det Sverige som framställs. Efter en förstudie på de av ICA:s reklamfilmer som sänts i TV det senaste halvåret har ett strategiskt val gjorts. Utifrån ett semiotiskt angreppssätt har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomförts på tre av ICA:s reklamfilmer från 2014. Analysen visar att genom användningen av tecken som symboliserar Sverige i reklamfilmerna konstrueras myter om den svenska familjen, svensken och Sverige. ICA bidrar därmed genom sina reklamfilmer till mytifieringen av Sverige. Slutsatserna dras till att genom de här tre reklamfilmerna gestaltar ICA Sverige som ett land med hälsosamma och medvetna invånare som helst äter svenskproducerad mat och lever i kärnfamiljskonstellationer. Samtidigt har ICA själva blivit en symbol för det svenska och representerar därmed nationell identitet. I idyllen agerar ICA-butiken som den familjära mittpunkten för det svenska vardagslivet. Spåren av Sverige som återfinns i ICA:s reklamfilmer, till exempel debatten om föräldraledighet, firandet av svenska traditioner och (myten om) svenskens längtan efter det genuina och traditionella, bidrar till att ICA-reklamen kan ses som ett ”miniatyr-Sverige”.

The aim of this thesis is to discuss ontological experiences of the writer and reader of literature. It argues that literary creation entails an experience of a state of being where the distance of ??my?? being/speaking and (an)other??s disappears: hence the total union of a being with (an)other. It suggests that this state of being created in the course of literary creation is also significant for everyday life. It analyses the texts of three theorists who addressed this issue: Sartre, Barthes, and Bachelard. Whilst Sartre speaks nothing about a state of being of the creative writer in relation to inspirational otherness, he suggests the change of the writer into a free being, in relation to the reader. Sartre holds that the reader, while becoming a free being, and revealing another (the writer)??s freedom, transforms what s/he is not into his or her own in reading-creation. This implies that in reading-creation, the distance of a being and another disappears. Barthes asserts that in writing the death of the ??author-person?? as an original creator is needed; this means that, for him, writers write finding no distance between themselves and language, which is what speaks itself. Although readers create as ??subject??, Barthes holds, they may find no distance between their being and the text, losing their subjectivity. Bachelard suggests that the poetic dreamer (as both the writer and reader of poetry) experiences a state of being in which neither subjectivity nor object is sensed. In this state, he holds, the speaking of (an)other becomes the speaking of the poetic dreamer. This poetic dreaming state which involves the complete harmony between a dreaming being and other being(s) is termed by Bachelard childhood. He suggests that childhood is permanent and subsistent as an archetypal state of mind and bears witness to the childhood of humankind. As the Bachelardian sense of childhood denotes an ultimate harmonia involving the liberation from the ??prison of self??, it carries significant implications for everyday life.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of Western Ontario, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-61).

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Fachbereich 13 Philologie I--Mainz--Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, 1994. / Bibliogr. p. 269-296. Index.

Biografia, biografemática, autobiografemática. Um choque no encontro entre vidas minúsculas e pontos secretos revirados em gavetas fechadas. Uma escrita do eu sobre eu com dados coletados na não rotina de emoções, no espaço entre fronteiras, história e ficção. A Educação como um lugar de processos tem no método uma parte fundamental para desenvolver procedimentos. Neste estudo, o método não é definido à priori, ele se desenvolve na medida em que as operações se fazem e se fazem no processo. No procedimento, interessa-me colher para poder transformar. É um olhar de transformação que tenho em vista. Este livro-objeto-dissertação-produto é uma catedral de ações. Os objetos-imagens produzem este conjunto e não são necessariamente um produto constituído. O meu desejo é que este conjunto presenciasse a vida de onde se extraem afectos. Uma vida que escoa, que desprende a realidade, vida sem passado. Que desprende a realidade e ocupa espaços geográficos, espaços do pensamentosensação. Este texto propõe uma perspectiva da arte a partir da observação da vida e esta como criação. Procura por um tempo acronológico que desacomoda e pulsa o pensar. / Biography, biographematic, autobiographematic. A shock between tiny lives and secret dots inside messy drawers. A way of writing about the self with data collected in the non-routine of the emotions, in the territory between borders, history, and fiction. As a processual place, Education has in the method a basic tool to develop procedures. In this study, the method is not defined beforehand, it develops as the operations occur and are made during the process. What interests me in the procedure is to gather in order to be able to transform. What I have in mind is a transforming gaze. This book-object-dissertationp r o d u c t i s a c a t h e d r a l o f a c t i o n s . Objects-images produce this set, and are not necessarily a m a d e u p p r o d u c t . My wish is that this set witnesses the life from where the affections are drawn. A life that flows, that detaches reality, life without past. A life that occupies geographic s p a c e s , s p a c e s f o r t h o u g h t - s e n s a t i o n s . This text proposes a view of art based on the observation of life, and life as creation. It seeks a non-chronological time that unsettles thought, making it pulsate.

A partir da difusão e fragmentação das escritas de vida pela Comunicação no contemporâneo, esta dissertação busca discutir tal fenômeno à luz do conceito de biografema, conforme elaborado por Roland Barthes. Propomos que as narrativas midiáticas vêm praticando um resgate e um desgaste de tal forma semiótica, calcada na descrição de detalhes e pequenas idiossincrasias de suas personagens – jogo de enunciação biográfica visível desde sua formalização com Plutarco, no Século X, até a corrente definição de espaço biográfico, fendido pelo crescente interesse em detalhamentos e escritas menores. Identificado tal cenário em dispersão, a pesquisa tomou como seu objetivo geral distinguir os usos do biografema pelos discursos comunicacionais contemporâneos por meio do mapeamento de suas diversas funções semióticas, observáveis na análise de fragmentos narrativos. Tal distinção é organizada aqui, metodologicamente, a partir da arqueologia de Michel Foucault, na tentativa de localizar os regimes de dizibilidade que instauram e modelam as formas semióticas de enunciação da vida e o modo como se alteram em seu trânsito. Desse painel, partimos para uma observação de certas escrituras concretas capazes de encarnar as forças formativas, levando a uma investigação sobre discursos midiáticos como Caetano estaciona carro no Leblon nesta quinta-feira e Bela, recatada e ‘do lar’, contrapostos ao dispositivo crítico dos livros Anjo noturno, Inverdades, La literatura nazi en America, O concerto de João Gilberto no Rio de Janeiro, Um homem burro morreu, Vida e Vésperas. Desmontados a partir da sua enunciação de traços biografemáticos, tais textos são remontados em nossa análise a partir da identificação de três estratégias semióticas que animam a circulação do biográfico pelos meios de comunicação. Foi possível ler aí três principais usos estratégicos a modelizar a palavra biografemática: a palavra de ordem, voltada a tomar a descrição do biografado como realização de injunções de poder; a palavra mítica, forma de organização sígnica específica desse uso, dedicada a naturalizar os intuitos estratégicos a que serve; e a palavra fágica, que apropria para a mídia a forma crítica do biografema, mas também opera o movimento inverso, reiniciando essa semiose. Na disposição dessas formas de lidar com os traços biografemáticos, podemos inferir o caráter volátil da linguagem envolvida na constituição do biografema e das biografias; linguagem cujo uso desvela uma condição parasita da Comunicação, estruturada pela produção de signos e de regimes poéticos e políticos. / Based on the diffusion and fragmentation of the life’s writings by Communication in the contemporany, this dissertation seeks to discuss such phenomenon in light of the concept of biographeme, as elaborated by Barthes. We propose that the media’s narratives have been practicing a rescue and a detrition of this semiotic form, based on the description of details and little idiosyncrasies of his characters – a game of biographical writing visible since its formalization with Plutarch, in the Xth century, to the current definition of biographical space, cracked by the growing interest in smaller writings and details. Identified the dispersion of such scenario, the research took as its general objective to distinguish the uses of the biographeme by the contemporary communicational discourses, mapping its diverse semiotic functions, observable in the analysis of narrative fragments. Such distinction is methodologically organized with the arche-genealogy of Michel Foucault, in an attempt to locate the regimes of readability that establish and model the semiotic forms of enunciation of life and how they change in their transit. From this panel, we set out for an observation of certain concrete writings capable of embodying this formative forces, leading to an investigation into media discourses such as Caetano estaciona carro no Leblon nesta quinta-feira and Bela, recatada e ‘do lar’ opposed to the critical apparatus of the books Anjo noturno, Inverdades, La literatura nazi en America, O concerto de João Gilberto no Rio de Janeiro, Um homem burro morreu, Vida e Vésperas. Disassembled in their enunciation of biographematical traces, in our analysis these texts are traced back to the identification of three semiotic strategies that animated the circulation of the biographical in the media. It was possible to read in these three main strategic uses modeling the biographematical word: the word of order, aimed at taking the description of the biography as concretion of injunctions of power; the mythical word, an specific form of symbolic organization, dedicated to naturalize the strategic purposes that it serves; and the phagic word, which appropriates to the media the critical form of biographeme, but also operates the reverse movement, restarting this semiosis. Laying out these ways of dealing with the biographematical traces, we can infer the volatile character of the language involved in the constitution of the biographeme and the biographies; the language whose use unveils a parasitic condition of Communication, structured by the production of signs and poetic and political regimes.