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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Uma proposta para integração de aspectos ambientais do ecodesign no processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos. / A proposal to integration of environmental aspects of ecodesign into the process of developing new products.

Angelo Varandas Junior 16 October 2014 (has links)
O aumento das exigências ambientais pela sociedade, mercado e legislação vem forçando os acadêmicos a buscarem formas de reduzir os impactos ambientais do produto durante todo o seu ciclo de vida. A integração de ferramentas de ecodesign no Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos (PDP) visa melhorar os requisitos ambientais do produto sem comprometer o seu desempenho, custo e características. Apesar dessa tendência, as estruturas de PDP não incorporam práticas ambientais de forma adequada. Assim, esse trabalho objetiva integrar práticas de ecodesign em uma estrutura de PDP. Para atingir esse propósito foi empregada uma análise sistemática da literatura mesclando técnicas de análise bibliométrica e de redes sociais, diagramas, mapeamento de 154 métodos de ecodesign, análise das características e questões ambientais de 80 estruturas de PDP e sistematização de 365 aspectos ambientais no PDP. Os resultados demonstram que as estruturas de PDP não enfatizam as fases de pré-desenvolvimento e pós-desenvolvimento que têm importância para redução do impacto ambiental. Portanto, foi elaborada uma proposta detalhada de integração analisando as características e contribuição de cada aspecto ambiental para minimizar o impacto ambiental do produto e sua relação com a função de cada tarefa do PDP. Na avaliação da proposta, verificou-se que nas fases de projeto conceitual e projeto detalhado houve menor aceitação quanto ao momento da integração dos aspectos ambientais, devido à interface dessas fases. Já no planejamento estratégico de projetos, planejamento de projeto e projeto informacional ocorreu desvio padrão alto nas notas, indicando divergência de opinião dos especialistas sobre o tema. Conclui-se que esse trabalho engloba um conjunto de práticas de ecodesign para suportar a tomada de decisão no PDP com objetivo de reduzir o impacto ambiental do produto durante todo o ciclo de vida. / The society, market and legislation demands for sustainability have grown then academics have to revisit the issue and to search for ways to reduce the environmental impact of the product during its life cycle. The integration of ecodesign tools in the Product Development Process (PDP) aiming at the improvement the product environmental requirements without compromising its performance, cost or characteristics. However, in spite of this tendency, the structures of PDP still do not incorporate environmental practices in their activities in a proper manner. Therefore, the proposal of this work is integrating ecodesign practices in the tasks of PDP structure. To achieve this purpose was used the systematic literature review linking techniques such as bibliometric and social networking analysis, diagrams, mapping 154 ecodesign methods, analysis of the characteristics and environmental issues of 80 PDP structures and systematization of 365 environmental aspects in the PDP. The results demonstrate that the PDP structures do not emphasize the phases of pre-development and post-development that are important to reduce environmental impact. Therefore, a detailed proposal for integration was developed by analyzing the characteristics and contribution of each environmental aspect to minimize the environmental impact of the product and its relation to the function of each task of the PDP. In assessing the proposal, it was found that the phases of conceptual design and detailed design were less accepted about time of integration of environmental aspects, due to the interface of these phases. In the strategic planning of projects, project planning and informational project were a high standard deviation in the experts evaluation, indicating divergence of opinion on the theme. In conclusion, this work includes a set of ecodesign practices to support decision making in the PDP in order to reduce the environmental impact of the product throughout its life cycle.
102

Revistas científicas: a busca pela qualidade e indicadores bibliométricos / Scientific journals: the search for quality and bibliometric indicators

Nascimento, Carla Cristina do 05 November 2014 (has links)
Revisar a literatura científica com vistas à análise do conceito e dos critérios de qualidade para revistas científicas, quais os principais trabalhos, quais tipos de mensuração ou quantificação da qualidade são apresentados, além de estudo bibliométrico da literatura recuperada. Método: O tipo de estudo foi documental utilizando uma abordagem parcial da revisão integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, BVS, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, E-Lis, LISA, ISTA e BRAPSI abrangendo o período de 2003 a 2013. A cobertura sobre a temática compôs um corpus de 69 artigos originais de pesquisa. Resultados: O conceito de qualidade é pouco mencionado pelos os pesquisadores. Os critérios de qualidade estão baseados no cumprimento dos aspectos formais, na seleção do melhor conteúdo e na eficiente gestão dos processos. Vários indicadores bibliométricos estão sendo pesquisados, mas muitos com foco em índices de citação; os que tiveram reconhecimento pela comunidade científica já foram incorporados às bases de dados. A Espanha é o país que lidera as pesquisas sobre a temática, principalmente com trabalhos realizados pela Universidade de Valência e pelo Conselho Superior de Pesquisas Científicas. Conclusão: A profissionalização da gestão das revistas é a forte tendência para conquistar e manter a qualidade nas perspectivas dos leitores, autores, editores e avaliadores. A literatura reflete que grande parte das revistas brasileiras ainda não cumpre os aspectos formais. Na Espanha, o foco é a questão do conteúdo científico e indicadores bibliométricos. Em países da América do Norte, Europa e Ásia o foco atual são os indicadores bibliométricos. / To review the scientific literature with a view to analyzing the concept and criteria of quality for scientific journals, which major works, what types of measurement or quantification of quality are presented, as well as bibliometric study of literature retrieved. Method: The study was kind of document using a partial approach to integrative review. Data collection was performed in the Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, VHL Journal Portal CAPES, E-Lis, LISA, ISTA and BRAPSI bases covering the period 2003-2013. Coverage on the subject composed a corpus of 69 original research articles. Results: The concept of quality is somewhat explained by the researchers. The quality criteria are based on compliance with formal aspects in selecting the best content and the efficient management of processes. Several bibliometric indicators are being researched, but many focused on citation indexes; the recognition that the scientific community had already been incorporated into the database. Spain is the country that leads the research on the topic, especially with work carried out by the University of Valencia and the Higher Council for Scientific Research. Conclusion: The professionalization of management journals\' strong tendency to gain and maintain the quality from the perspectives of readers, authors, editors and reviewers. The literature reflects that most Brazilian magazines still does not meet the formal aspects. In Spain, the focus is the question of the scientific content and bibliometric indicators. Countries in North America, Europe and Asia are the current focus on bibliometric indicators.
103

O Brasil no contexto da internacionalização de P&D e na disputa pelo investimento estrangeiro das empresas transnacionais / Brazil in the context of the internationalization of R&D and in the dispute for the foreign investment of the companies.

Fernandes, Danilo Benedini de Mello 14 March 2008 (has links)
A globalização propiciou que novas estruturas de empresas tomassem forma. Visando ampliar seus mercados, as maiores companhias do mundo começaram a internacionalizar suas atividades. As primeiras atividades a serem realizadas fora do país de origem foram as mais simples, como produção, comercialização e distribuição, no entanto, graças ao avanço da tecnologia, ações mais nobres puderam ser realizadas em outras regiões. Essas mudanças estruturais forçaram as empresas multinacionais a ampliar suas fronteiras tecnológicas, passando agora a pesquisar e desenvolver produtos e processos para o mercado global, mas sempre dando o merecido destaque às peculiaridades regionais que muitas vezes decidem quem terá sucesso. A força que a internacionalização das atividades de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento tomou e sua importância tanto para o crescimento da companhia como para o desenvolvimento do país que recebe investimentos destinados a esse fim merecem ser estudadas. Com isso o objetivo desse trabalho é comparar o grau de internacionalização das atividades de P&D nas subsidiárias das empresas estrangeiras localizadas no Brasil com aquelas localizadas na Índia e na China através de indicadores de C&T. / The globalization propitiated that new structures of companies took form. Aiming at success in new markets, the biggest companies of the world started to internationalize its activities. The first activities to be made through of the native country ware simple, as production, commercialization and distribution, however, with the advance of the technologies, nobler actions could have been carried through in other regions. These structural changes forced the multinationals companies to extend its technological borders, passing to search and to develop products and processes for the global market, but giving the deserved emphasis to the regional peculiarities that many times decide who will have success.. The internationalization of the activities of Research and Development and its importance for the growth of the companies and for the development of the country that receives investments deserve to be studied. The objective of this dissertation is to compare the degree of internationalization of the activities of R&D in branch offices of foreign companies located in Brazil with those located in India and China using Science and Technology data.
104

Análisis de la producción científica sobre el manejo terapeútico del paciente asmático (1955-2005)

Sánchez Espinosa, Juan Francisco 19 February 2010 (has links)
En esta tesis se presenta un estudio bibliométrico sobre la producción nacional e internacional acerca de los avances terapéuticos del asma en el periodo 1955-2005, ambos años inclusive. El análisis cuantitativo nos ha permitido comprobar las principales leyes bibliométricas (Price, Bradford y Lorcka) y la información relacionada con la autoría y procedencia de los trabajos, la distribución geográfica de los artículos y su relación con el grado de desarrollo (medido por el PIB per cápìta) de cada país . El bloque occidental y sobre todo el mundo anglosajón obtienen el mayor nº de publicaciones. El estudio también se correlaciona con la producción no solo neta sino con la producción científica en nº de artículos por millón de habitantes. A nivel nacional, los artículos publicados sobre el tema en el Índice Médico Español muestran que la comunidad con mayor producción científica es Cataluña.Se ha hecho también un análisis de los principios activos más estudiados, con una predominio claro de los betamiméticos y esteroides. Se ha llevado a cabo una lectura crítica de un grupo seleccionado de revisiones sistemáticas valorado mediante un cuestionario específicos desarrollado por el grupo CASPe. / This thesis presents a bibliometric study of national and international research papers concerning advances in the treatment of asthma during the period 1955-2005. Quantitative analysis techniques allowed us to review the main bibliometric laws (Price, Bradford and Lodka) and information relating to the authorship and origin of the studies, along with the geographical distribution of articles and their relationship to the degree of development as measured by the per capita Gross Domestic Product of the country in which they were carried out. The largest number of publications appeared in Western countries, most notably in the Anglo-Saxon world. In addition to a correlation between number of studies and economic productivity, our analysis found a relationship between scientific production in particular and the number of articles published per million inhabitants. On the national level, the articles published on this topic in the Indice Médico Español (Spanish Medical Index) in dicate that Catalonia is the autonomous community with the highest scientific production.In addition, we conducted an analysis of the most commonly studied pharmacological principles and found a clear predominance of betamimetics and steroids. We also carried out a critical appraisal of a selected group of systematic reviews evaluated by means of specific questionnaires developed by the CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) group.
105

El aporte científico de las Universidades Públicas Mexicanas, 1972-2007

Santillán Rivero, Emma Georgina 06 September 2012 (has links)
Las universidades públicas mexicanas constituyen un eslabón fundamental para el crecimiento y desarrollo del país. Su heterogeneidad y características las convierten en entidades complejas, cambiantes, que con las nuevas tendencias y forma de evaluación deben rendir cuentas de sus logros. Considerando que la mayor actividad científica se encuentra centralizada, en esta tesis se construyeron indicadores bibliométricos para exponer la visibilidad de 62 universidades distribuidas en el interior del país. Según las publicaciones localizadas en los índices de Thomson Reuters del periodo 1972 a 2007, se identificaron 22,267 documentos que arrojaron un promedio de publicación anual de 618.52 artículos; y por universidad, 359.14. Las más productivas se concentraron en siete entidades. El 58% de los trabajos se publicaron en revistas con cuartil 1 y 2. Las áreas temáticas más estudiadas fueron Física, Química, Medicina, Ciencia de los Materiales y la Ingeniería. La correlación entre el Índice de Desarrollo Humano y la productividad no fue significativa. Finalmente, se presentan los pormenores del Factor de Impacto de las universidades por Entidad Federativa / Mexican public universities are an essential link for the growth and development. Heterogeneity and the characteristics become complex entities, changing with new trends and forms of evaluation should be held accountable for their achievements. Whereas most scientific activity is centralized in this thesis bibliometric indicators were constructed to expose the visibility of 62 universities distributed inside the country. According to publications located in the indexes of Thomson Reuters for the period 1972 to 2007, documents were identified that yielded a 22.267 average annual publication of articles 618.52, and by university, 359.14. The most productive were concentrated in seven states. 58% of the articles were published in journals with quartile 1 and 2. The thematic areas were studied Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Materials Science and Engineering. The correlation between National Human Development Index and productivity was not significant. Finally, we present the details of the Impact Factor of universities by state.
106

Power to the people : Diffusion of renewable electricityin rural areas of developing countries

Sriwannawit, Pranpreya January 2015 (has links)
Nearly all the 1.3 billion people in the world with no electricity access live in developing countries. On the one hand, electricity is a basic need. On the other hand, the environment should not be further damaged. Thus, sustainable electricity in developing countries is clearly needed. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the mechanism of the diffusion and adoption of renewable electricity with particular focus on rural electrification among low-income inhabitants in developing countries. The dissertation is comprised of a cover essay and six appended papers with a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods based on several means of data collection. The first paper describes diffusion theory through a novel bibliometric tool. This novel method provides an overview, structure, and explanation of a large research area; complements a traditional literature review; and can be applied to any knowledge field. Here, the structure of the recent development of diffusion research, together with its application, are presented. With a specific focus on rural electrification among low-income inhabitants in developing countries, the diffusion framework is empirically applied with complementary concepts in the second, third, and fourth papers, based on three different cases. One case study investigates the adoption of electricity among rural inhabitants in Uganda and shows that a foreign company can be an important player in the rural electrification effort. Another case study addresses a large dissemination of photovoltaic systems provided by a local firm in Bangladesh and reveals that the diffusion of renewable energy can be effectively undertaken by a private local firm, rather than waiting for full government support or large multi-national corporations. The other case study discusses a small-scale diffusion of photovoltaic systems in a remote region in Thailand and presents an extreme case where full government support is necessary. In addition, through a systematic literature review, the barriers to adoption of photovoltaic systems are identified in the fifth paper, highlighting several remaining challenges. In the last paper, issues related to the transition to using photovoltaic systems in off-grid communities are discussed. The diffusion mechanism of renewable electricity has been shown to be a highly complicated process, having several unforeseeable and context-specific factors. A technology with superior qualities does not diffuse by itself but requires tremendous effort and close collaboration on the part of stakeholders. There are complex relations, on the one hand, between technology and society and, on the other hand, between technology providers and adopters. No single, fast, or straightforward remedy can address the complex nature of diffusion of renewable electricity in rural communities. Therefore, understanding the local context is highly important, indicating the need for empirical investigation. This dissertation offers several contributions concerning methodological, theoretical, empirical, managerial and policy. It also provides implications that may be relevant for actors who attempt to introduce, disseminate, and manage new energy technologies in rural communities. / Nästan alla av de 1,3 miljarder människor som inte har tillgång till el bor i utvecklingsländer. Å ena sidan är el ett grundläggande behov. Å andra sidan bör miljön inte skadas ytterligare. Det finns således ett behov av förnybar el i utvecklingsländer. Avhandlingens syfte är att analysera mekanismerna bakom diffusion och införande av förnybar el med särskilt fokus på elektrifiering av landsbygden bland låginkomsttagare i utvecklingsländer. Avhandlingen består av en kappa och sex bifogade artiklar som är baserade på en blandning av kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder och innehåller flera olika typer av datainsamling. Den första artikeln beskriver diffusionsteori genom ett nytt bibliometriskt verktyg. Denna nya metod ger översikt, struktur, och förklaring till ett stort forskningsområde; den kompletterar en mer traditionell litteraturöversikt och kan tillämpas oavsett kunskapsområde. Här presenteras strukturen av den senaste utvecklingen inom diffusionsteori tillsammans med dess applikationsområden. Med ett särskilt fokus på landsbygdselektrifiering bland låginkomsttagare i utvecklingsländer tillämpas diffusionsramverket empiriskt med kompletterande koncept i den andra, tredje, och fjärde artikeln. Dessa artiklar är baserade på tre olika fallstudier. En fallstudie berör elektrifiering på landsbygden i Uganda och visar att utländska företag kan vara en viktig aktör i denna process. En annan fallstudie tar upp spridning av solcellssystem i stor skala som utförs av ett lokalt företag i Bangladesh och visar att spridning av förnybar energi effektivt kan genomföras av privata lokala företag, snarare än att vänta på statligt stöd eller stora multinationella företag. Den sista fallstudien diskuterar småskalig spridning av solcellssystem i en avlägsen region i Thailand och representerar ett extremfall som behöver full finansiering från staten. I den femte artikeln har hindren för införandet av solcellssystem identifierats genom en systematisk litteraturöversikt, artikeln belyser också många kvarstående utmaningar. Den sista artikeln diskuterar frågor som rör övergången till, samt användandet av solcellssystem i områden som inte är anslutna till elnätet. Diffusionsprocessen för förnybar el har visat sig vara mycket komplicerad med flera oförutsedda och kontextspecifika faktorer. Teknik med överlägsna egenskaper kan inte spridas av sig självt utan kräver stora ansträngningar och nära samarbete mellan de inblandade aktörerna. Det är komplexa relationer, å ena sidan mellan teknik och samhälle och å andra sidan mellan teknikleverantörer och användare. Det finns inte en perfekt, snabb eller enkel åtgärd för att ta itu med den komplexa karaktären av diffusion av förnybar el på landsbygden. Därför är förståelsen för den lokala kontexten av stor betydelse och detta understryker behovet av empiriska studier. Denna avhandling bidrar med kunskap som täcker områden som metodologi, teori, empiri, ledarskap och politik. Studien visar även på relevanta implikationer för de aktörer som försöker införa, sprida och hantera ny energiteknik till landsbygden. / <p>QC 20150518</p>
107

The structure of knowledge production : mapping patterns of co-authorship collaboration between African and international countries.

Greer, Megan. 03 July 2014 (has links)
This research sought to explore the patterns of co-authorship collaboration between African and international authors who have published together in journals relating to the field of social psychology. Bibliographic data was used to extract and produce social network maps of academic co-author collaborations in which one of the authors was African or affiliated to an author from an African country. These patterns of collaboration were analysed using social network analysis and it was found that, on average, African authors are poorly interconnected with other international authors in the field of social psychology and are also poorly interconnected with other African authors across the continent. It is likely that these structures of collaboration constrain the ability of African authors to produce their own relevant knowledge within the field of social psychology, in that their collaborations are limited and usually mediated by international connections. This pattern of interconnection makes it more likely that African social psychologists will operate within paradigms generated by academics in international and well-resourced countries and militates against the development of African paradigms. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2014.
108

Configuração do campo da educação no Brasil : estudo bibliométrico da Revista Brasileira de Educação e da Revista Brasileira de História da Educação

Silva, Márcia Regina da 11 December 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2250.pdf: 1145464 bytes, checksum: a12dad6c4b7ebd87b2092b69d5d6ea9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-11 / This research aimed a study on the configuration of the field of Brazilian Education through publication in scientific journals in the area. From a theoretical- methodological point of view the research supported in the bibliometric approach to the analysis of scientific production. To facilitate the search, is elected as a source of data two periodicals: Revista Brasileira de História da Educação (RBHE) of the Sociedade Brasileira de História da Educação (SBHE) and Revista Brasileira de Educação (RBE), the Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd). The survey was developed in five parts: 1) Construction of theoretical reference: research in Education and History Education in Brazil, science, science communication, evaluation and analysis of scientific production of citations; 2) Data collection: the sample consisted of 15 numbers of each magazine, totaling 241 articles; 3) Construction of bibliometric indicators; 4) description and categorization of data collected using automated tools (software Vantage Point) for the analysis of scientific papers, seeking the organization of results for subsequent analysis and interpretation; 5) analysis and interpretation of results, carried out in the light of theoretical reference for Education and bibliometric approach. Among the partial results obtained it was found that the behavior of publication of the researchers who publish in RBHE is similar to that researchers who publish in RBE. This allows infer that the scientific production of the History of Education has particularities, however, brings in its core characteristics of research in human sciences in general, for example, high levels of individual publication, predilection for publications in books and chapters of books, high frequency of scientific communication on national sources, among others characteristics. / Esta pesquisa consistiu em realizar um estudo sobre a configuração do campo da Educação brasileira por meio da publicação científica em periódicos da área. Do ponto de vista teóricometodológico, a pesquisa apoiou-se nas abordagens bibliométricas e cientométricas para a análise da produção científica. Para viabilizar a pesquisa, elegeram-se como fonte de dados duas publicações periódicas: a Revista Brasileira de História da Educação (RBHE), da Sociedade Brasileira de História da Educação (SBHE), e a Revista Brasileira de Educação (RBE), da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPED). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em cinco fases: 1) Construção do referencial teórico: pesquisa em Educação e História da Educação no Brasil, ciência, comunicação científica, avaliação da produção científica e análise de citações; 2) Coleta de dados: a amostra consistiu em 13 números de cada revista, totalizando 214 artigos; 3) Construção de indicadores bibliométricos; 4) Descrição e categorização dos dados levantados, utilizando ferramentas automatizadas (softwares Vantage Point) para a análise dos artigos científicos, visando à organização dos resultados obtidos para posterior análise e interpretação. 5) Análise e interpretação dos resultados obtidos, realizadas à luz do referencial teórico da Educação e das abordagens bibliométricas e cientométricas. Entre os resultados obtidos verificou-se que o comportamento de publicação dos pesquisadores que publicam na RBHE é similar ao dos pesquisadores que publicam na RBE. Isto permite inferir que a produção científica da História da Educação possui particularidades, porém traz em seu cerne características da pesquisa em Ciências Humanas em geral; por exemplo, índices elevados de publicação individual, predileção por publicações em livros e capítulos de livros, freqüência elevada de comunicação científica em fontes nacionais, entre outras características.
109

Aspectos éticos em dissertações e teses do PPGE/UFSCar à luz da resolução CNS 196/96

Siquelli, Sônia Aparecida 12 December 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4301.pdf: 755432 bytes, checksum: f6aa281f816e6ac134d38dd929db07c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-12 / This doctoral thesis has been developed in order to identify the ethical aspects of research in education, considering the 196/96 National Health referred to the guidelines and standards regulated research involving humans. To make it possible to perform this task and establish the theoretical research we used the reflection on the concept of ethics and ethics in life science research. The methodological approach was based on bibliometrics that were used to analyze the scientific production of 73 theses and dissertations in the Graduate Program in Education (PPGE) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), between January 2009 and December 2010. This historical period was chosen because of the concern in describe and discuss the ethical aspects of research produced in the first decade of this century, and questionnaires, with a former student and three teachers linked to the Program. The results of bibliometric analysis allowed to verify that participants were 2606 of these dissertations and theses and that 74% of the studies analyzed (21 theses and dissertations 33) were not submitted to the Ethics Committee. Analysis of the questionnaires revealed that participants are aware of the demands of ethical commitment in conducting research, but in different degrees of depth, particularly with respect to the contents of Resolution CNS 196/96. Participants also agreed on the need for further clarification on the ethics of research to graduate students, and emphasized that the bureaucratic aspects surrounding the submission of research to the Research Ethics Committees, often away from the researchers. Finally, it was observed that the participants consider that studies performed in this field of knowledge does not pose risks to the participants surveyed, which points to the importance of building a culture of bioethics needed for academic and professional researchers in education, because all intervention research entails risk to the participant, and for small or rare they are, must be provided. / Esta tese de doutoramento foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de identificar os aspectos éticos das pesquisas em Educação, considerando a Resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde que se refere às diretrizes e normas regulamentadas de pesquisas que envolvam seres humanos. Para tornar possível a realização desta tarefa e estabelecer o referencial teórico da pesquisa recorreu-se à reflexão sobre o conceito de ética e de ética em pesquisas de ciências humanas. A abordagem metodológica baseou-se na bibliometria que foram utilizadas para analisar a produção científica de 73 teses e dissertações defendidas no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGE) da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), no período entre janeiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2010. Este recorte histórico foi escolhido dada a preocupação existente em descrever e problematizar os aspectos éticos de pesquisas produzidas na primeira década do século XXI, e na aplicação de questionários, com uma ex-aluna e três docentes vinculados ao Programa. Os resultados da análise bibliométrica permitiram verificar que foram 2606 os participantes dessas dissertações e teses e que 74% dos trabalhos analisados (21 teses e 33 dissertações) não foram submetidos ao Comitê de Ética. A análise dos questionários revelou que os participantes têm noção das exigências de comprometimento ético na realização de pesquisas, mas em diferentes graus de profundidade, em especial, com relação ao conteúdo da Resolução CNS 196/96. Os participantes também concordaram sobre a necessidade de maiores esclarecimentos sobre a ética na pesquisa aos pós-graduandos, e ressaltaram que os aspectos burocráticos que cercam a submissão das pesquisas aos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa, muitas vezes, afastam os pesquisadores. Por último, observou-se, que os participantes consideram que as pesquisas realizadas nesse campo de conhecimento não oferecem riscos aos participantes pesquisados, o que remete à relevância da construção de uma cultura bioética necessária para a formação acadêmica e profissional dos pesquisadores em Educação, pois toda intervenção de pesquisa acarreta risco ao participante, e por menores ou mais raros que sejam, devem ser previstos.
110

L'innovation logistique : de la compréhension d'un phénomène complexe à l'analyse de quatre cas d'adoption

El Bahraoui, Hanane 05 December 2016 (has links)
Face à l’engouement de la presse professionnelle pour l’innovation logistique (IL) et à une profusion de solutions logistiques innovantes émanant du terrain, nous avons constaté une production scientifique limitée sur ce champ de recherche, des incertitudes demeurant sur la définition du concept d’IL et sur sa gestion. A partir de ces observations, nous avons tenté d’éclairer le concept d’IL à partir d’un état de l’art et de différentes méthodes qualitatives (analyse scientométrique et bibliométrique, enquête Delphi). Ensuite, nous avons analysé le processus d’adoption de l’IL sur la base de quatre études de cas. Le dispositif empirique offre une variété dans le choix des cas, avec des IL à dominante technologique ou organisationnelle adoptées dans des organisations issues de secteurs différents (prestataires de services logistiques, distributeur, industriel, clinique privée). Sur le concept de l’IL, nous avons proposé un bilan de la production scientifique actuelle ainsi qu’une définition et une caractérisation de l’IL. Sur le processus d’adoption de l’IL, il ressort du travail réalisé des facteurs déterminants liés à l’organisation adoptante, à l’IL adoptée, au management stratégique de l’organisation adoptante et au personnel adoptant ainsi que des obstacles. / Notwithstanding the enthusiasm of the professional press for logistics innovation (LI) and the number of innovative logistics solutions accessible to firms, we observe a limited scientific production on this field of research, leaving uncertainties as regards the definition of the concept of LI and its management. From these observations, we tried to clarify the concept of LI using a state of the art and different qualitative methods (scientometric and bibliometric analysis, Delphi survey). Then we analyzed the process of LI adoption on the basis of four case studies. The empirical setting offers variety in the selection of the cases with technological or organizational oriented LIs adopted in different organizations (logistics service providers, retailer, manufacturer, private hospital).As for the concept of LI, we proposed a review of the current scientific production and a definition and characterisation of LI. As for the process of LI adoption, the research resulted in the identification of determinants related to the adoptive organization, the adopted LI, the strategic management of the adopting organization and the adopting personnel, as well as obstacles.

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