Personlighet påverkar många livsaspekter. Tidigare forskning har visat att politik är en av dessa aspekter. Forskning inom området har konstaterat ett samband mellan personlighet och riktningen av personers politiska orientering samt mellan personlighet och Känsla av sammanhang (KASAM). Däremot fanns en forskningslucka kring relationen mellan KASAM och politik. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka relationen som de fem grundläggande personlighetsdimensionerna och KASAM har till Politiskt intresse samt Politisk inriktning, men även relationen mellan personlighetsdimensionerna och KASAM. Hundrafemtiofem studenter deltog varav 37 män. Datainsamling gjordes via enkät, som bestod av BFI-44, SOC-13 samt självrapportering av Politiskt intresse och inriktning. Databearbetningen skedde via korrelationsanalys samt regressionsanalys. Studiens resultat visade att personlighet hade ett samband med politik samt KASAM och att KASAM hade ett samband med en högerorienterad politisk inriktning. Eftersom relationen mellan KASAM och politik var relativt outforskad kan resultatet av denna studie ses som ett intressant ämne för framtida forskning.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simon Santana Diniz.pdf: 373373 bytes, checksum: 41414d5e44afc3d117780dd64c4687b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-30 / The aim of this study is demonstrate the influence of personality traits over coping strategies in adolescents. In this way, a study with 102 pupils from a municipal school in Goiânia (GO) aged from 11 to 15 years old was carried out. Two different instruments were used to do the study, Coping Response Inventory (Moos, 1993) and the Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (Nunes et al., preliminary version). Data showed that girls use more coping strategies than boys, the youngest adolescents use more avoidance coping responses and the oldest use more approach coping responses. The correlation obtained among the variables demonstrated that the appreciation of the problem exercises significant influence in the choice of strategies. / O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar a influência de traços de personalidade no uso de estratégias de coping em populações de adolescentes. Participaram desta pesquisa 102 jovens com idade entre 11 e 15 anos, utilizando o Coping Response Inventory (Moos, 1993) e a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (Nunes et al.; versão preliminar). Os dados obtidos demonstraram que meninas utilizam mais as estratégias de coping do que meninos, os adolescentes mais jovens utilizam mais coping de evitação e os mais velhos, o coping de aproximação. A correlação obtida entre as variáveis demonstrou que a apreciação do problema exerce influência significativa na escolha de estratégias.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2017-02-14T12:33:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JacianaAraujo.pdf: 2059838 bytes, checksum: 74894604be13ceb9ccf8d4d4db402c47 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T12:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JacianaAraujo.pdf: 2059838 bytes, checksum: 74894604be13ceb9ccf8d4d4db402c47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq# / #-2555911436985713659# / #600 / Personality is one of the most important constructs in Psychology and has been receiving increasingly more space among research in this area. The increasing interest regarding the behavioral bases that sustain psychopathological conditions in general and the arrival of the spectral vision of personality disorders has awarded more visibility and relevance to studies with personality traits. Studying the personality traits patterns of the Big Five theory in depressed patients with the intent of finding differential characteristics in relation to Bipolar Affective Disorder and the existence or not of Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity were the objectives of this study. The first study counted with the presence of 245 patients in current depressive episode, and the second one counted with 149 patients in the same condition. In the first study, sociodemographic, personality traits (NEO-FFI) and mood as well as anxiety disorders (MINI-Plus) data were collected. The groups with Major Depressive Disorder (n= 192) and Bipolar Affective Disorder (n= 62) were compared concerning these characteristics by means of bivariate and multivariate analyses. In the second study, information about Personality Disorders (MCMI-III) was added and comparisons were done as previously described, but between the groups with (n= 40) and without (n= 109) Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity. The results of the first study pointed to a similar pattern in personality traits distribution between individuals with Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Affective Disorder during depressive episode. However, there was significant difference regarding the factor of Agreeableness (p= 0.005, OR= 0.94, IC 95%= 0.90 to 0.98), with higher levels among those with unipolar disorder. In the second study, presence of Borderline Personality Disorder was associated with lower indices of the Conscientiousness factor (p= 0.026, OR= 0.55, IC 95%= 0.33 to 0.93); 12 higher prevalence of suicide risk (p= 0.017, OR= 2.15, IC 95%= 1.14 to 4.05); comorbidity with Cluster A personality disorders (p= 0.010, RC= 2.61, IC 95%= 1.25 to 5.42) as well as with Cluster C ones (p= 0.045, RC= 1.03, IC 95%= 1.00 to 1.07). Data from both studies point that assessing personality traits can be useful, both for differentiation in cases where there is doubt between bipolar and unipolar disorders, as well as for aiding in identifying the presence of Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity during depressive episodes. / A personalidade é um dos construtos mais importantes da Psicologia e tem tido cada vez mais espaço entre as pesquisas da área. O crescente interesse a respeito das bases comportamentais que sustentam os quadros psicopatológicos em geral e o advento da visão espectral dos transtornos da personalidade têm conferido maior visibilidade e relevância aos estudos acerca dos traços de personalidade. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram centrados na investigação dos traços da teoria Big Five em pacientes deprimidos, pretendendo apontar características diferenciais entre casos de Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno de Humor Bipolar (no primeiro trabalho) e entre casos com e sem comorbidade entre Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline (no segundo trabalho). Os tamanhos amostrais diferiram em função dos objetivos dos estudos. No primeiro trabalho, contou-se com a participação de 245 pacientes em episódio depressivo atual, e no segundo, com 149 pacientes na mesma condição. No primeiro estudo foram coletadas informações, sobre as condições sociodemográficas; sobre os traços de personalidade (NEO-FFI) e sobre transtornos de humor e ansiedade (MINI-Plus). O grupo com Transtorno Depressivo Maior (n= 183) e o grupo com Transtorno de Humor Bipolar (n= 62) foram comparados em função dessas características por meio de análises bivariadas e multivariadas. No segundo estudo foram acrescidas as informações sobre Transtornos da Personalidade (MCMI-III), sendo que as comparações foram feitas como descritas anteriormente, porém, entre os grupos com (n= 40) e sem (n= 109) a comorbidade com Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline. Os resultados do primeiro estudo apontaram um padrão semelhante na distribuição dos traços de personalidade entre os indivíduos com Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno de Humor Bipolar durante episódio depressivo; contudo, foi 10 encontrada diferença significativa em relação ao fator Amabilidade (p= 0.005, RC= 0.94, IC 95%= 0.90 a 0.98), com níveis mais altos entre os indivíduos com transtorno unipolar. No segundo estudo, a presença do Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline esteve associada a menores índices do fator Conscienciosidade (p= 0.026, RC= 0.55, IC 95%= 0.33 a 0.93); maior prevalência de risco de suicídio (p= 0.017, RC= 2.15, IC 95%= 1.14 a 4.05); comorbidade com os transtornos da personalidade do Cluster A (p= 0.010, RC= 2.61, IC 95%= 1.25 a 5.42) e do Cluster C (p= 0.045, RC= 1.03, IC 95%= 1.00 a 1.07). Os dados de ambos os estudos apontaram que a avaliação dos traços de personalidade pode ser útil, do ponto de vista clínico, tanto para diferenciar casos em que há dúvida diagnóstica, como identificar a presença de comorbidades que podem comprometer diagnóstico e tratamento, caso sejam negligenciadas.

In recent years, energy efficiency in the built environment has been attracting considerable interest to mitigate energy consumption. A number of scientific studies indicate that rising air pollution, decreasing biodiversity, ocean acidification and other adverse effects on humans and the environment in recent decades are due to greenhouse gas emissions, and a substantial share of the emissions can be attributed to energy usage in residential buildings. Investments in energy-efficient technologies have been made to alleviate such human induced causes contributing to the emissions, but they are still far from widespread, calling for a thorough understanding of individuals' decision-making processes to promote further adoption of energy efficiency investments. Although personality has been widely recognised as an explanatory factor of behaviour, a rigorous discussion of it in the context of energy efficiency investments is missing. As such, to understand the role of personality traits in making high-cost energy efficiency investments in residential buildings, this research applies a multidisciplinary approach to derive theoretical models that are evaluated in subsequent empirical investigations using quantitative methods and data from the UK and Germany. The findings suggest three ways through which personality can influence energy efficiency investments. The first is an indirect impact of personality traits through risk preferences, in which the significance of the personality effects depends on the financial subsidy context. The second is an indirect effect of personality traits through environmental concern. The third way suggests an impact of personality traits through their importance for individuals' capability and willingness to consider peer behaviour.

The personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and its influence on work outcomes is a relatively new topic in social and behavioral sciences. Most well-known personality theory is Big Five that includes openness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, extraversion and agreeableness traits. LMX theory focuses on the mutual relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate. There is a gap in the literature regarding the mediating role of LMX perceptions of subordinates on the relationship between personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and affective commitment (AC). The purpose of this cross-sectional design was first to explore the direct relationship between supervisors and subordinates personality congruence and AC of subordinates. The second purpose of this study was to explore the role of LMX as a mediator between the personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and AC of the subordinates. A cluster sampling method was used to gather 400 supervisor-subordinate dyads from 3 technopolises in Ankara, who completed self-reported questionnaires. A technopolis is a technology science park. Polynomial regression analysis was conducted to measure the congruence level of dyads' personality traits and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating effect of LMX. Results revealed that, LMX has no mediating effect on personality congruence and AC. The results also revealed that there is a significant relation between the agreeableness congruence of supervisors and subordinates, and AC. This information can be used by organizations by pairing up agreeable dyad members to increase affective commitment. The findings of this study may create positive social change by promoting optimum functioning organizations that have committed employees which would affect the society and economy in a positive way.

Research has shown that more than 45% of American companies are opting to integrate personality tests in their recruitment processes. Given this surge in personality testing, this thesis examines whether personality testing is a valid predictor of job-fit and performance in the context of personnel selection. A large proportion of this paper is focused upon the Big-Five factor model, its limitations, and derivative tests of the model. The impact of technology upon personality testing is also discussed as an emerging field. By tracing and examining the history of personality testing to current day, I have found that personality tests are best administered when they provide incremental validity over other tools and are matched to specific job-criteria.

In 2009 there were 3.28 million non-fatal occupational injuries and illnesses (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). Of these injuries and illnesses, 965,000 resulted in lost days from work. In addition there were 4,340 workplace fatalities. Given the number of occupational injuries, illnesses, and fatalities, and the associated direct and indirect costs, organizations have sought to improve safety at work. Safety climate and safety motivation are two variables hypothesized to affect safety behaviors and safety outcomes. Safety climate refers to the shared perceptions of workgroup members, of the organizations' commitment to safety as evidenced by heir immediate supervisors' pattern of implementing safety policies and procedures (Zohar, 2003). Therefore, the workgroup supervisor plays an major role in the development of safety climate. Social exchange theory and previous studies of leadership styles and safety suggest that supervisors who convey concern for subordinates' well-being increase workers' motivation to reciprocate by increasing their safe behaviors at work. However, no research to date has examined the relationship between supervisors' personality and workers perceptions of safety climate, or the effect of Big Five trait-level variables on workers safety motivation. In this study I hypothesize that supervisors' proactive personality and three Big Five traits will be positively related to workers' safety climate perceptions. In addition, I hypothesize that four Big Five traits in workers will be positively related to workers safety motivation. Finally, I hypothesize that group-level safety climate will be significantly related to individual-level safety motivation after controlling for workers' personality. Participants in this study were maintenance and construction workers from a municipal city bureau, in 28 workgroups, totaling 146 workers and 28 supervisors. Workgroup sizes vary but averaged 6.21 members, including the supervisor. The data were collected in small groups (paper-and-pencil) and electronically (on-line); workers and supervisors answered questionnaire items on personality variables, safety climate, safety motivation, safety behaviors, and safety outcomes. In addition, archival data on safety outcomes were collected. The data were analyzed using a combination of multiple regression, multi-level modeling, and path analysis to test hypotheses and answer research questions. Both proactive personality and Big Five traits in supervisors accounted for incremental variance in aggregated workgroup safety climate over controls. In addition, workgroup safety climate and individual workers' cautiousness were significant predictors of workgroup safety motivation in a hierarchical linear model. At the individual level of the model, only the traits of cautiousness and morality were significant predictors of individual safety motivation. Tests of the Neal and Griffin (2004) model showed that safety motivation partially mediated the relationship between individual safety climate and safety participation behaviors. In addition, safety motivation fully mediated the relationships between morality and both safety compliance and safety participation behaviors. Finally, safety motivation partially mediated the relationship between cautiousness and both safety compliance and safety participation behaviors. The results suggest that supervisor personality can have an effect on the on workgroup safety climate perceptions. In addition, this study provided evidence that Big Five traits are useful predictors of the antecedents of accidents and injuries. Suggestions for training managers and future research are also discussed.

While the majority of studies appeared to focus on health service workers and job satisfaction, there was a substantial lack of literature that explored the relationship of personality traits and burnout specific to behavioral health professionals. Research has indicated that behavioral health professional burnout is a mediating factor in early job exodus primarily due to highly interactive work with people. The purpose of this study was to consider the relationship between behavioral health professional burnout, as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Health and Human Service workers, and the big five personality traits, as measured by the NEO Five Factor Inventory. This multiple regression study evaluated 305 behavioral health professionals who were currently licensed and practicing in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and Ohio. Results of the study yielded a significant correlation between behavioral health professional burnout and personality traits. The more extraverted, open, agreeable, and conscientious behavioral health professionals are, the less likely they are to experience burnout. The more narcissistic behavioral health professionals are, the more likely they are to experience burnout. In addition, age significantly correlated to behavioral health professional burnout. As age increased, burnout potential decreased. The implications for social change include potential use at the organizational level to implement policy changes, such as regular or preburnout screenings, in order to prevent early exodus from the behavioral health field and increase positive patient outcomes.

Traditionally, college and universities have relied on achievement indicators to estimate students' potential for success. More current researchers have demonstrated that other noncognitive factors provide incremental predictive validity to traditional achievement measures in predicting student success. This study is intended to contribute to the scholarly work in this regard by examining the mediating role that student engagement has on the relationship between Big Five personality traits and student success for Hispanic, two-year college students. First factor analysis derived four factors of engagement: Mental Activities, School Opinions, Collaborative Learning, and Student Services. Mediation models showed that there was a negative relationship between Neuroticism and GPA. This relationship was partially mediated by Mental Activities, School Opinions, and Student Services, with engagement factors mitigating the negative effect on GPA. Agreeableness was positively related to GPA (r = .222) and was partially mediated by School Opinions and Student Services. Lastly, Conscientiousness was also positively related to GPA (r = .196), and this relationship was fully mediated by all four factors of student engagement. By assessing these processes, colleges -particularly those with historically underserved populations- can modify their practices, policies, and environments to ensure they are creating opportunities for students of all personality dispositions to succeed.

The relationship between mean team Agreeableness and team performance has not been shown definitively. The present study was performed looking at archival data from a study that assessed team performance from 62 two person teams using the DDD and involving two types of training and two types of information probes during the computer task. In addition, each of the participants took a personality test based on the IPIP with an emphasis on Agreeableness and its 6 facets. Using HLM analysis, it was determined that Agreeableness does not have a significant effect on team performance for a problem solving tasks (delta chi square 2.04, p=n.s.), however it did significantly effect how an individual performed (delta chi square=18.06, p=.001) on the problem solving task. Intelligence had a significant effect on team performance (delta chi square=569.08, p=.001) and this may have washed out any personality effects. In addition, a linear regression indicated than none of the six facets of Agreeableness had a significant effect on team performance on a problem solving task.