Tidigare forskning menar att det äldsta syskonet anses vara mer auktoritärt, det mellersta barnet minst familjeorienterat och det yngsta barnet mer socialt. Uppväxten kan påverka individens KASAM. Studien undersöker om syskonplacering samverkar med människors KASAM, personlighet utifrån femfaktormodellen samt ser till eventuella könsskillnader. Urvalet bestod av högskolestudenter, varav 145 kvinnor och 80 män. Enkätens material analyserades med tvåvägs variansanalyser. Studien uppvisade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan de tre syskonplaceringarna. En tendens till signifikant interaktion visades mellan könen, där kvinnliga mellanbarn har lägre KASAM än de manliga. Studien visade två signifikanta könsskillnader mellan kvinnor och män. Kvinnorna var mer neurotiska och samvetsgranna än männen. Resultatet uppvisade en tendens till signifikans, gällande att kvinnor hade högre grad av personlighetfaktorn öppenhet än männen. Slutligen konstaterades att syskonplaceringen inte samverkar med individens personlighet eller KASAM, men att det finns vissa personlighetsskillnader mellan könen. Resultatet kan bero på brister i studien, som att familjekonstellation inte tillfrågades deltagarna.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This cross-sectional study examined the associations among perceived parental behavior and personality on work behaviors of undergraduate students from a large Southeastern university. Past research suggests that children who perceive their parents to be workaholics are more likely to exhibit workaholic behavior themselves (Chamberlin & Zhang, 2009). Moreover, personality factors including conscientiousness and neuroticism, have been categorized as antecedents of workaholic behavior in previous studies (Andreassen, Hetland, & Pallesen, 2010; Aziz & Tronzo, 2011; Burke, Matthiesen, & Pallesen, 2006). Students (N = 209) completed questionnaires assessing Big Five personality factors, dispositional optimism, and perceptions of parental work drive, parental work involvement, and parental work enjoyment. Hypotheses regarding parental work behaviors and their ability to predict undergraduate student work behavior were not supported. Conscientiousness and extraversion were significant predictors of work drive, involvement and enjoyment. Neuroticism was also significant in predicting work drive among students included in the sample. Findings and recommendations for future study are discussed.

Studien undersökte hur de tre demografiska variablerna kön, ålder och civilstatus samt de fem grundläggande personlighetsdimensionerna extraversion, vänlighet, samvetsgrannhet, neuroticism och öppenhet  relaterar till spel om pengar samt att börja spela i tidig ålder. Detta gjordes utifrån fem frågeställningar. 163 personer besvarade en enkät. Materialet undersöktes genom att utföra Pearson korrelationskofficienter samt t-test. Slutsatserna som drogs i studien var att män spelar mer samt börjar spela tidigare än kvinnor. Personligheten har ej någon påverkan på spel om pengar. Däremot fungerar samvetsgrannhet som en skyddsfaktor mot att börja spela om pengar i tidig ålder. Det noterades även att spel om pengar i tidig ålder är en riskfaktor för att utveckla ett problematiskt spelande. Studien påvisade en skillnad i personlighetsdimensionerna, där kvinnor har högre grad av neuroticism än män.  Slutligen noterades det att 7% av respondenterna i studien har ett problematiska spelande, vilket är i linje med tidigare forskning.

This study discusses Online Behavioral Advertising (OBA), which fundamentally consists of collected data about a person’s online behavior. The phenomena are made possible via the use of cookies on webpages and social media, which the user needs to accept to access the platform. The saved information is then used by firms to present targeted advertising, so called Online Behavioral Advertising. The feeling of being watched over/controlled on the internet might seem intrusive, which studies show may have a negative effect on consumers purchase intentions. How the effect varies between different personalities has not been studied before. Previous studies have focused on studying correlation between personalities and purchase intention and correlation between OBA and purchase intention. Little light has been shed on the effects of OBA for different personalities, to complete previous studies this study aims to find out more by using an acknowledged personality model named Big Five. This study uses a quantitative research approach, a web survey has been constructed to collect data and enable the composed hypotheses to be tested. The collected data is being analyzed in SPSS into descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation between the personality dimensions of the Big Five and the effect of OBA on purchase intention. The results show that previous theories about the effect of OBA on purchase intention can be verified. The descriptive statistics also show a significant higher effect of OBA on men than women. Furthermore, Spearman rank correlation shows that the effect varies between the personality dimensions of Big Five. A positive correlation was found between the dimensions Openness and Extraversion and OBA's effect, which means that persons scoring higher in these dimensions also has a higher effect of OBA on purchase intention. A negative correlation was found between the dimension Conscientiousness and OBA's effect, which means that persons scoring higher in this dimension is not significantly affected by OBA.

Personlighet påverkar många livsaspekter. Tidigare forskning har visat att politik är en av dessa aspekter. Forskning inom området har konstaterat ett samband mellan personlighet och riktningen av personers politiska orientering samt mellan personlighet och Känsla av sammanhang (KASAM). Däremot fanns en forskningslucka kring relationen mellan KASAM och politik. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka relationen som de fem grundläggande personlighetsdimensionerna och KASAM har till Politiskt intresse samt Politisk inriktning, men även relationen mellan personlighetsdimensionerna och KASAM. Hundrafemtiofem studenter deltog varav 37 män. Datainsamling gjordes via enkät, som bestod av BFI-44, SOC-13 samt självrapportering av Politiskt intresse och inriktning. Databearbetningen skedde via korrelationsanalys samt regressionsanalys. Studiens resultat visade att personlighet hade ett samband med politik samt KASAM och att KASAM hade ett samband med en högerorienterad politisk inriktning. Eftersom relationen mellan KASAM och politik var relativt outforskad kan resultatet av denna studie ses som ett intressant ämne för framtida forskning.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simon Santana Diniz.pdf: 373373 bytes, checksum: 41414d5e44afc3d117780dd64c4687b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-30 / The aim of this study is demonstrate the influence of personality traits over coping strategies in adolescents. In this way, a study with 102 pupils from a municipal school in Goiânia (GO) aged from 11 to 15 years old was carried out. Two different instruments were used to do the study, Coping Response Inventory (Moos, 1993) and the Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (Nunes et al., preliminary version). Data showed that girls use more coping strategies than boys, the youngest adolescents use more avoidance coping responses and the oldest use more approach coping responses. The correlation obtained among the variables demonstrated that the appreciation of the problem exercises significant influence in the choice of strategies. / O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar a influência de traços de personalidade no uso de estratégias de coping em populações de adolescentes. Participaram desta pesquisa 102 jovens com idade entre 11 e 15 anos, utilizando o Coping Response Inventory (Moos, 1993) e a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (Nunes et al.; versão preliminar). Os dados obtidos demonstraram que meninas utilizam mais as estratégias de coping do que meninos, os adolescentes mais jovens utilizam mais coping de evitação e os mais velhos, o coping de aproximação. A correlação obtida entre as variáveis demonstrou que a apreciação do problema exerce influência significativa na escolha de estratégias.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2017-02-14T12:33:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JacianaAraujo.pdf: 2059838 bytes, checksum: 74894604be13ceb9ccf8d4d4db402c47 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T12:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JacianaAraujo.pdf: 2059838 bytes, checksum: 74894604be13ceb9ccf8d4d4db402c47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq# / #-2555911436985713659# / #600 / Personality is one of the most important constructs in Psychology and has been receiving increasingly more space among research in this area. The increasing interest regarding the behavioral bases that sustain psychopathological conditions in general and the arrival of the spectral vision of personality disorders has awarded more visibility and relevance to studies with personality traits. Studying the personality traits patterns of the Big Five theory in depressed patients with the intent of finding differential characteristics in relation to Bipolar Affective Disorder and the existence or not of Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity were the objectives of this study. The first study counted with the presence of 245 patients in current depressive episode, and the second one counted with 149 patients in the same condition. In the first study, sociodemographic, personality traits (NEO-FFI) and mood as well as anxiety disorders (MINI-Plus) data were collected. The groups with Major Depressive Disorder (n= 192) and Bipolar Affective Disorder (n= 62) were compared concerning these characteristics by means of bivariate and multivariate analyses. In the second study, information about Personality Disorders (MCMI-III) was added and comparisons were done as previously described, but between the groups with (n= 40) and without (n= 109) Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity. The results of the first study pointed to a similar pattern in personality traits distribution between individuals with Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Affective Disorder during depressive episode. However, there was significant difference regarding the factor of Agreeableness (p= 0.005, OR= 0.94, IC 95%= 0.90 to 0.98), with higher levels among those with unipolar disorder. In the second study, presence of Borderline Personality Disorder was associated with lower indices of the Conscientiousness factor (p= 0.026, OR= 0.55, IC 95%= 0.33 to 0.93); 12 higher prevalence of suicide risk (p= 0.017, OR= 2.15, IC 95%= 1.14 to 4.05); comorbidity with Cluster A personality disorders (p= 0.010, RC= 2.61, IC 95%= 1.25 to 5.42) as well as with Cluster C ones (p= 0.045, RC= 1.03, IC 95%= 1.00 to 1.07). Data from both studies point that assessing personality traits can be useful, both for differentiation in cases where there is doubt between bipolar and unipolar disorders, as well as for aiding in identifying the presence of Borderline Personality Disorder comorbidity during depressive episodes. / A personalidade é um dos construtos mais importantes da Psicologia e tem tido cada vez mais espaço entre as pesquisas da área. O crescente interesse a respeito das bases comportamentais que sustentam os quadros psicopatológicos em geral e o advento da visão espectral dos transtornos da personalidade têm conferido maior visibilidade e relevância aos estudos acerca dos traços de personalidade. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram centrados na investigação dos traços da teoria Big Five em pacientes deprimidos, pretendendo apontar características diferenciais entre casos de Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno de Humor Bipolar (no primeiro trabalho) e entre casos com e sem comorbidade entre Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline (no segundo trabalho). Os tamanhos amostrais diferiram em função dos objetivos dos estudos. No primeiro trabalho, contou-se com a participação de 245 pacientes em episódio depressivo atual, e no segundo, com 149 pacientes na mesma condição. No primeiro estudo foram coletadas informações, sobre as condições sociodemográficas; sobre os traços de personalidade (NEO-FFI) e sobre transtornos de humor e ansiedade (MINI-Plus). O grupo com Transtorno Depressivo Maior (n= 183) e o grupo com Transtorno de Humor Bipolar (n= 62) foram comparados em função dessas características por meio de análises bivariadas e multivariadas. No segundo estudo foram acrescidas as informações sobre Transtornos da Personalidade (MCMI-III), sendo que as comparações foram feitas como descritas anteriormente, porém, entre os grupos com (n= 40) e sem (n= 109) a comorbidade com Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline. Os resultados do primeiro estudo apontaram um padrão semelhante na distribuição dos traços de personalidade entre os indivíduos com Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtorno de Humor Bipolar durante episódio depressivo; contudo, foi 10 encontrada diferença significativa em relação ao fator Amabilidade (p= 0.005, RC= 0.94, IC 95%= 0.90 a 0.98), com níveis mais altos entre os indivíduos com transtorno unipolar. No segundo estudo, a presença do Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline esteve associada a menores índices do fator Conscienciosidade (p= 0.026, RC= 0.55, IC 95%= 0.33 a 0.93); maior prevalência de risco de suicídio (p= 0.017, RC= 2.15, IC 95%= 1.14 a 4.05); comorbidade com os transtornos da personalidade do Cluster A (p= 0.010, RC= 2.61, IC 95%= 1.25 a 5.42) e do Cluster C (p= 0.045, RC= 1.03, IC 95%= 1.00 a 1.07). Os dados de ambos os estudos apontaram que a avaliação dos traços de personalidade pode ser útil, do ponto de vista clínico, tanto para diferenciar casos em que há dúvida diagnóstica, como identificar a presença de comorbidades que podem comprometer diagnóstico e tratamento, caso sejam negligenciadas.

In recent years, energy efficiency in the built environment has been attracting considerable interest to mitigate energy consumption. A number of scientific studies indicate that rising air pollution, decreasing biodiversity, ocean acidification and other adverse effects on humans and the environment in recent decades are due to greenhouse gas emissions, and a substantial share of the emissions can be attributed to energy usage in residential buildings. Investments in energy-efficient technologies have been made to alleviate such human induced causes contributing to the emissions, but they are still far from widespread, calling for a thorough understanding of individuals' decision-making processes to promote further adoption of energy efficiency investments. Although personality has been widely recognised as an explanatory factor of behaviour, a rigorous discussion of it in the context of energy efficiency investments is missing. As such, to understand the role of personality traits in making high-cost energy efficiency investments in residential buildings, this research applies a multidisciplinary approach to derive theoretical models that are evaluated in subsequent empirical investigations using quantitative methods and data from the UK and Germany. The findings suggest three ways through which personality can influence energy efficiency investments. The first is an indirect impact of personality traits through risk preferences, in which the significance of the personality effects depends on the financial subsidy context. The second is an indirect effect of personality traits through environmental concern. The third way suggests an impact of personality traits through their importance for individuals' capability and willingness to consider peer behaviour.

The personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and its influence on work outcomes is a relatively new topic in social and behavioral sciences. Most well-known personality theory is Big Five that includes openness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, extraversion and agreeableness traits. LMX theory focuses on the mutual relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate. There is a gap in the literature regarding the mediating role of LMX perceptions of subordinates on the relationship between personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and affective commitment (AC). The purpose of this cross-sectional design was first to explore the direct relationship between supervisors and subordinates personality congruence and AC of subordinates. The second purpose of this study was to explore the role of LMX as a mediator between the personality congruence of supervisors and subordinates and AC of the subordinates. A cluster sampling method was used to gather 400 supervisor-subordinate dyads from 3 technopolises in Ankara, who completed self-reported questionnaires. A technopolis is a technology science park. Polynomial regression analysis was conducted to measure the congruence level of dyads' personality traits and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating effect of LMX. Results revealed that, LMX has no mediating effect on personality congruence and AC. The results also revealed that there is a significant relation between the agreeableness congruence of supervisors and subordinates, and AC. This information can be used by organizations by pairing up agreeable dyad members to increase affective commitment. The findings of this study may create positive social change by promoting optimum functioning organizations that have committed employees which would affect the society and economy in a positive way.