Cette thèse analyse, à partir d’une démarche mésoéconomique régulationniste et évolutionniste, l’émergence d’un espace économique. Les acteurs l’ont baptisé « bioéconomie », à partir d’interprétations divergentes du terme. Cet espace se différencie des façons traditionnelles de se représenter la division du travail en secteurs (la chimie, l’agriculture, l’énergie). Les acteurs qui cherchent à constituer cet espace les recomposent dans un champ original et spécifique. Ce champ est fondé sur l’usage de ressources renouvelables végétales, animales et algales. Les acteurs constituant le champ se proposent d’être une « industrie des industries ». Ils fourniraient, non pas des produits finaux, mais des produits intermédiaires, agro-alimentaires ou destinés à la chimie, aux matériaux et à l’énergie. Ce champ ne comprend pas par exemple le photovoltaïque. La bioéconomie recompose les relations entre agriculture et chimie, en (re)faisant de la première un fournisseur de la seconde. Nous mobilisons la notion de régimes de production de connaissances et d’activités économiques pour décrire la diversité des promesses technologiques faites par les acteurs. Nous montrons alors que la bioéconomie ne peut se réduire à la « révolution biotechnologique ». Trois grandes visions de la bioéconomie se confrontent. A un niveau plus fin, on présente trois cas de cette diversité. Les acteurs portent une « économie des promesses » à partir de leurs patrimoines productifs collectifs respectifs qu’ils cherchent à reproduire et projeter dans le futur. Cela donne lieu, de leur part, à un travail de problématisation de l’espace de la bioéconomie, qui détermine leur allocation de ressources. / This thesis analyses the emergence of a new economic space from a mesoeconomic regulationist and evolutionist approach. This space has been called "bioeconomy" by the actors after divergent and conflictual interpretations of this concept. This economic space differs from the traditional ways of representing the division of labour into sectors (chemistry, agriculture, energy). The actors involved in seeking to define this space are reconstructing these sectors into an original and specific field, which is built on the use of biobased plant, animal and algal renewable resources. These actors consider themselves to be becoming the "industry of industries". Thus, instead of providing end products, they produce intermediates for agro- or chemical industries, materials or energy. The field does not cover photovoltaic electricity. Therefore, bioeconomy is a recomposition of the relationships between agriculture and chemistry in which the former becomes the supplier for the latter. We use the concept of the regimes of production of knowledge and of economic activity to describe the diversity of the technological promises made by the actors involved. We show, therefore, that bioeconomy cannot be reduced to the biotechnological revolution. Three broad views of bioeconomy emerge. At a deeper level, we present here three case studies to illustrate this diversity. The actors are weighed down by an "economy of promises" based on their own productive heritages that they are trying to reproduce and project into the future. This leads them to problematize the bioeconomy space in order to determine their resource allocations.

abstract: This dissertation explores the contemporary politics of global transformation: the ways biological expertise and economic rationalities are positioned as agents of governance in the face of emerging global crisis. It examines visions for a new bioeconomy that are offered in response to impending global crisis. Leaders point to calculations of global population growth and resource depletion to predict future crises and call for a new bioeconomy as a pillar of sustainable and “good” governance. Focusing on visions and practices of bioeconomy-making in the U.S. and Brazil, the dissertation examines bioeconomy discourse as a response to global crisis and a framework of global governance that promises resource abundance and human wellbeing. Bioeconomy discourse makes visible shared notions of how the world is and how it should be that animate the world-making practices of bioeconomy. The dissertation analyzes the bioeconomy as simultaneously a product of existing institutional and nationally situated values and rationalities, and a significant site of performative novelty. It is an effort to reformulate existing projects in the biosciences—from technology regulation to market formation—and establish new rationalities of governance in the name of producing thoroughgoing transformations to both the global economy and to life itself. Framing existing scientific and economic rationalities as suppressed and misdirected in their power to govern, bioeconomy proponents envision a novel order derivable from the proper conjugation of biological and economic rationalities. Through the lens of bioconstitutionalism, the dissertation elucidates how national, scientific and public rights and responsibilities are coproduced in relation to a sociotechnical imaginary of vital conjuring. Underwritten by the imaginary of vital conjuring, visions of a future transformed promise that abundance and order can be called up from a tangle of crisis and decay. The imaginary of vital conjuring marries a vision of the technological potential of biological life and the forms of economy capable of unlocking that potential. This vision of bioeconomy, the dissertation argues, is a vision of governance: of the right relationships between state, citizen and science. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Human and Social Dimensions of Science and Technology 2020

The effort on mitigating climate change has conjured up a vision of a bioeconomy. Therefore, industrial production has to turn away from fossil-based resources to bio-based ones. In Germany, the BioEconomy Cluster aims to establish a bioeconomy region that is based on non-food biomass, especially wood. The complexity of this transition raises doubts as to whether it necessarily leads to a better, more sustainable living in the regions. Currently, life cycle assessment tools are viewed as adequate to evaluate sustainability aspects associated to products. A method to analyse potential social effects of products is at an early stage. Therefore, this PhD thesis develops a social life cycle assessment approach to assess wood-based production systems in a bioeconomy region in Germany. A framework was formulated with major concepts and definitions applied. The goal and scope comprise to identify of social hotspots and opportunities of the foreground activities involved in a production system in a German bioeconomy region. The system boundary was defined as an area smaller than a country and major stakeholder categories were selected. In addition the organisations’ conduct was determined as the main unit of analysis. Based on the frameworks’ major elements a social indicator set with seven social indices (e.g. health & safety; participation) and 32 social indicators (e.g. accidents) was selected to make the inventories. Therefore, sustainability standards and sLCA case studies were screened and stakeholder interviews were conducted to set up a final set. Within this PhD thesis context-specific performance reference points (PRPs) were determined for the sLCIA phase. Compared with the organisations’ indicator values, they indicate a “relatively poor” or “relatively better” social performance (i.e. a social opportunity or hotspot). The PRPs considered the classification of economic sector of the assessed organisation and in some cases the size of the organisation as factors influencing the potential social effects. The framework provides major elements (i.e. a context-specific indicator set and characterisation approach) to assess relevant social effects associated with the organisations production activities involved in a products production. Therefore, the sLCA approach supports producer’s decision making which may mitigate negative social effects and accelerate positive ones.:Summary i Acknowledgements ii List of Publications vii List of Figures ix List of Tables xii List of Abbreviations xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Bioeconomy and sustainability 1 1.2 The BioEconomy Cluster 2 2 Social Life Cycle Assessment, S-LCA 3 2.1 The history of sLCA 3 2.2 The UNEP-SETAC guidelines 4 2.3 Review on sLCA 5 2.3.1 Goal and scope definition 8 2.3.2 Social life cycle inventory 9 2.3.3 Characterisation 10 3 Research question and aim of the thesis 12 4 Social life cycle assessment: in pursuit of a framework for assessing wood-based products from bioeconomy regions in Germany 14 4.1 Abstract 14 4.2 Introduction 15 4.2.1 Germany’s wood-based bioeconomy 15 4.2.2 Social life cycle assessment 16 4.2.3 Goal and structure of the paper 17 4.3 Defining the goal and scope 17 4.3.1 Defining the goal—the purpose of the developed sLCA approach 17 4.3.2 Regional system boundaries 18 4.3.3 The production system 19 4.3.4 Stakeholder categories 19 4.3.5 Defining and using a functional unit 20 4.3.6 Activity variables—relating social effects to the product 21 4.3.7 Social indices and indicators 22 4.3.8 Developing context-specific social indices and indicators 23 4.3.9 Presenting the social effects to regional producers 24 4.4 Social life cycle inventory (sLCI) 25 4.4.1 SLCIs in global hotspot assessment studies 25 4.4.2 SLCIs in regional hotspot assessment studies 26 4.5 Social life cycle impact assessment (sLCIA) 27 4.5.1 Characterisation method: international PRPs 28 4.5.2 Characterisation method: national PRPs 28 4.5.3 Characterisation method: sector PRPs 29 4.5.4 Characterisation method: regional PRPs 29 4.6 An sLCA framework for regional bioeconomy chains 31 4.7 Summary and outlook 33 5 Social life cycle assessment indices and indicators to monitor the social implications of wood-based products 35 5.1 Abstract 35 5.2 Introduction 36 5.3 Materials and methods 38 5.3.1 Screening criteria 38 5.3.2 Overview of research steps 40 5.3.3 Screening of global sustainability standards 41 5.3.5 Screening of national sustainability and forest certification standards 43 5.3.6 Screening of sLCA case studies 43 5.3.8 Stakeholder interviews 44 5.3.9 Selection based on feasibility of implementation 46 5.4 Results and discussion 48 5.4.1 Index: health and safety 52 5.4.2 Index: adequate remuneration 52 5.4.3 Index: adequate working time 53 5.4.4 Index: employment 53 5.4.5 Index: knowledge capital 54 5.4.6 Index: equal opportunities 55 5.4.7 Index: participation 56 5.5 Outlook 56 5.6 Conclusion 57 6 How not to compare apples and oranges: Generate context-specific performance reference points for a social life cycle assessment model 59 6.1 Abstract 59 6.2 Introduction 60 6.2.1 Background 60 6.2.2 The RESPONSA framework 61 6.2.3 Goal of this work 64 6.3 Influence factors recognised in the context-specific characterisation approach for the German wood-based bioeconomy 65 6.3.1 Classification of the influential conditions 65 6.3.2 The geographical location 68 6.3.3 The economic sector 68 6.3.4 The size of the organisation 69 6.4 The scoring approach and data sources 69 6.4.1 The scoring approach 69 6.4.2 Data sources to determine PRPs 70 6.5 Characterisation approach for quantitative indicators 70 6.5.1 Characterisation of quantitative indicators (full data) 70 6.5.2 Characterisation of quantitative indicators (partial data) 71 6.6 Characterisation approach for qualitative indicators 73 6.6.1 Characterisation of qualitative indicators with binary answers on a sectoral level 73 6.6.2 Characterisation of qualitative indicators with ranked answers on a sectoral level 74 6.6.3 Characterisation of qualitative indicators on a sectoral and organisational size level 76 6.7 Exemplary case study 77 6.7.1 Classifying organisations in the product system 77 6.7.2 Determining the sLCIs 78 6.7.3 sLCIA step 78 6.7.4 Relating social effects to the product 81 6.7.5 Discussion of the results 83 6.8 Discussion and outlook 84 6.9 Conclusion 85 7 Discussion of the main results 87 7.1 Organisations as unit of analysis 87 7.2 A country as major system boundary 88 7.3 A context-specific indicator set 89 7.4 Impact assessment: Economic sector and organisational size PRPs 90 7.5 The interpretation of the results 92 7.6 Limitations of the approach 94 7.7 Use for the Cluster 95 7.8 Outlook 96 8 Conclusion 97 9 Use of RESPONSA – A REgional SPecific cONtext-ualised Social life cycle Assessment tool 100 9.1 The RESPONSA user interface 100 9.1.1 Inputs from the organisations 101 9.1.2 The calculation made by RESPONSA 102 9.1.3 Output for the organisation 103 References cv Appendix A cxiii Appendix B cxx Appendix C cxxiv CURRICULUM VITAE cxxviii Author contribution cxxx Eigenständigkeitserklärung cxxxiii Bibliographische Beschreibung cxxxiv

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) has recently emerged as a novel biotechnology platform for value-added product generation from waste CO2 stream. Integrating MES technology with renewable energy sources for both CO2 valorization and renewable energy storage is regarded as one type of artificial photosynthesis and a perfect example of circular bioeconomy. However, several challenges remain to be addressed to scale-up MES as a feasible process for chemical production, which include enhanced production rate, reduced energy consumption and excellent resistance to external fluctuations. To fill these knowledge gaps, different in-depth approaches were proposed in this dissertation by optimizing the cathode architecture, CO2 flow rates and utilizing efficient photoelectrode to improve MES performance and stability. A novel cathode design, made of conductive hollow fiber membrane, was developed in this dissertation to improve CO2 availability at MES cathode surface via direct CO2 delivery to chemolithoautotrophs through the pores in the hollow fibers. By modifying the hollow fiber surface with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), higher bioproduct formation was achieved with excellent faradaic efficiencies, which could be attributed to the improved surface area for bacterial adhesion and the reduction of cathodic electron transfer resistance. Since CO2 flow rate from industrial facilities typically varies over time, this hollow-fiber architecture was also applied to test the resistance of MES systems to CO2 flow rate fluctuation. Stepwise increase of CO2 flow rates from 0.3 ml/min to 10 ml/min was tested and the effect of CO2 flow rate fluctuations was evaluated in terms of biochemical generation and microbial community. MES was further integrated with renewable energy supply for both energy storage and CO2 transformation into biofuels and biochemicals. Stable MES photoanode, based on molybdenum-doped bismuth vanadate deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass (FTO/BiVO4/Mo), was prepared for efficient solar energy harvesting and overpotential reduction for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which contributed to one of the highest solar-to-biochemical conversion efficiencies ever reported for photo-assisted MES systems. The applied nature of this dissertation with fundamental insights is of great importance to bring MES one step closer to full-scale applications and enable MES technology to be economically more viable for renewable energy storage and CO2 valorization.

The emerging bioeconomy in Europe requires the intensification of forestry to meet the market demand for biomass. The policy conflict between increasing production and halting biodiversity loss has fueled debates in Sweden on sustainable forest use and management in recent years. While one side calls for increased production, the other side argues that this strategy jeopardizes environmental goals regarding biodiversity and counteracts sustainable forest management. In this study, a socio-cultural valuation approach was applied to examine perspectives of stakeholders representing environmental and production interests in Östergötland, southern Sweden on forest ecosystem services and sustainable forest management. Based on the values and challenges described by the stakeholders, this study aimed to identify pathways towards sustainable forest management. The results showed a divergence of views on whether intensification compromises environmental goals. While some stakeholders placed a high value on carbon substitution and emphasized the opportunities for sustainable development, other stakeholders were critical of the framing of intensification as sustainable. Despite the disagreements, opportunities were identified that could promote SFM. Possible ways forward include strengthening the resilience of production forests by increasingly adopting continuous cover forestry and mixed forests, redistributing production toward more long-lived forest products, and increasing the share of nature reserves. In addition, compensation funding and education might be viable ways to address conflicts arising from landowner conservation actions. To address conflicting perspectives the results point towards the need to resume dialogue and enable improved communication.

Despite the high rate of deforestation and directed critique toward its industrial practices, the Swedish forest industry is declaring itself to be an accelerator of a green transition in the race toward carbon-zero. Seemingly, there is a discrepancy between the general perception of forest management and the actor's presentation. Within our research, we question how sustainability in the industry is reasoned and enacted. Bioeconomy has been identified as an increasingly popular concept within the forestry scene that intends to enable a low-carbon society. Two Swedish cluster organizations working within this context became insightful cases. By applying an inductive and qualitative approach we interviewed 13 experts. Through their accounts, we uncovered the prevailing motives for their sustainability work. Drawing upon previous scholarly contributions in the discourse around a green economy, we learned that the dichotomy of industrialism and sustainability is abandoned in the forest industry's perception. The applied practices are deeply rooted in green growth and weak sustainability rationales. Thereby, the industry is contributing to the economization of forests. The alignment of sustainability and growth endeavors results in the paradoxical justification that only harvesting can lead to a low-carbon and fossil-free economy. We encourage future research to continue raising awareness about the problematic dynamics arising from weak sustainability approaches and work together with the industry toward more transformative trajectories.

The European Commission Bioeconomy Strategy aims to stimulate an ecologically sustainable economy to mitigate climate change, declining biodiversity, and as an economic and social strategy meant to provide jobs and stimulate growth. The aim of this research project is to understand how the European Commission Bioeconomy Strategy is being interpreted and implemented in two different rural European regions, Inner Scandinavia, and the Alpine region, and based on those findings discuss how a sustainable bioeconomy strategy can be understood primarily in relation to the ecological sustainability goals of decarbonizing the economy and protecting biodiversity. This project has through literature studies and a case study with interviews, field observations and a spatial analysis of the territory using Corine Land Cover data highlighted the importance of links between governance and policy as enablers of ecologically, socially, and economically sustainable bioeconomy strategies. The results indicate three models comprised of distinct landscape types associated with specific bioeconomy strategies that are discussed in relation to the key concepts, bioeconomy, and sustainability. The analysis demonstrates that certain bioeconomy strategies may provide economic and social sustainability and not necessarily ecological effects. In fact, certain bioeconomy strategies, despite being framed as sustainable, may even be detrimental for ecological sustainability

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ideylson da Silva Vieira dos Anjos.pdf: 1114943 bytes, checksum: 4d6ecd11445c9d9ea36329bab3c43533 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-08 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present research examines the functional food advertisement and has as its general objective the purpose to investigate the enunciations of this advertisement and its effects in relation with individuals. Therefore, it starts with the hypothesis that the biomedical and biotechnological development in nutritional industry promotes, especially in the media, new speeches upon functional food and consequently persuades the individuals to some new conducts in relation with their own bodies and lives. The structure of this research is divided in three chapters: 1. The functional foods; 2. The functional food advertisement; 3. The biopolitics for the functional speech. As methodological process the first chapter is developed in these specific objectives as follows: to define functional food, and to investigate its origins and its effects nowadays in the economy and in the media using authors and institutions in the medical area like Franco Lajolo and ANVISA (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária). The second chapter is developed in the following specific objectives: to analyse the published news on functional foods by the Brazilian magazine Veja and by the newspaper Folha de São Paulo , and to investigate the tendencies of the discourses of those medias in order to promote an emergency of a pragmatic conduct of the individuals towards their own lives. The third chapter is developed in the specific objective: to analyse the publications on functional food presented in the second chapter by the biopolitical and biomedical view of Nikolas Rose. The research closes itself with the presentation of some new horizons and trends for the relationship between communication and biopolitical economy. The high relevance of this research consists in the endeavour to understand, trough the advertisement, the new field of confluence between: science, politics, economy, and life. In doing so, this dissertation is placed in the Line of Research 1 Mediatic Culture and Environment of the Postgraduate Studies in Communication and Semiotics Program / Esta pesquisa tem como objeto a publicidade dos alimentos funcionais e se desenvolve com o objetivo geral de investigar os enunciados desta publicidade e seus efeitos na relação com os indivíduos. Para tanto, parte da hipótese que o avanço da biomedicina e da biotecnologia na indústria alimentícia fomenta na mídia novos discursos sobre alimentos funcionais e consequentemente induzem os indivíduos a novas condutas na relação com seus próprios corpos e com suas próprias vidas. A estrutura da pesquisa é composta por três capítulos: 1. Os alimentos funcionais; 2. A publicidade dos alimentos funcionais; 3. A biopolítica pelo discurso funcional. E como processo metodológico, o primeiro capítulo se desenvolve com os objetivos específicos de conceituar alimento funcional, investigar seu nascimento na história e seus efeitos na economia e na mídia de hoje. Para tanto, utiliza de autores e instituições inseridos na área médica como Franco Lajolo e ANVISA. O segundo capítulo se desenvolve com os objetivos específicos de analisar as matérias publicadas na Revista Veja e no Jornal Folha de São Paulo sobre alimentos funcionais e investigar as tendências dos discursos produzidos por estas mídias, a fim de fomentar a emergência de uma conduta pragmática dos indivíduos para com suas próprias vidas. O terceiro capítulo se desenvolve com o objetivo específico de analisar as publicações sobre alimentos funcionais, apresentadas no capítulo segundo, com o pensamento de biopolítica e bioeconomia de Nikolas Rose. A pesquisa se encerra apresentando aberturas e tendências para a relação da comunicação com a biopolítico-econômica. A alta relevância da pesquisa é a tentativa de, pela publicidade, compreender o recente campo de confluência da: ciência, política, economia e vida. Por esta abordagem, a dissertação se insere na Linha de Pesquisa 1 Cultura e Ambientes Midiáticos do Programa de Estudos Pós Graduados em Comunicação e Semiótica

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Este trabalho parte da indagaÃÃo acerca da subjetividade no Ãmbito laboral sob o contexto da dinÃmica econÃmica enquanto bioeconÃmica, relacionada, assim, à Bioeconomia. A proposta està constituÃda como uma anÃlise teÃrica sobre os princÃpios do trabalho na contemporaneidade, vislumbrando a ressignificaÃÃo do conceito de Bioeconomia, inicialmente apreendida a partir das contribuiÃÃes de Andrea Fumagalli em "Bioeconomia e capitalismo cognitivo". Pontua-se, para tanto, crÃticas, reflexÃes e proposiÃÃes constitutivas, alÃm de discussÃes sobre o mundo do trabalho a partir das condiÃÃes nas quais se encontram os trabalhadores e os tratamentos concedidos aos mesmos, sobremaneira Ãs possibilidades de resistÃncia que podem conjecturar na contemporaneidade mediante situaÃÃes cada vez mais sutis de controle e exploraÃÃo. Nesse sentido, a presente produÃÃo foi desenvolvida sobre um mÃtodo de base bibliogrÃfica, indicando a necessidade de ressignificaÃÃo de conceitos e exploraÃÃo e diÃlogo de conteÃdos ligados ao Ãmbito do mundo do trabalho. Dessarte, em correspondÃncia Ãs contribuiÃÃes de Andrea Fumagalli e à exposiÃÃo de suas bases teÃricas, empreendeu-se uma revisÃo do conceito de Bioeconomia inicialmente por meio de um aporte da Economia atravÃs de Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen â e sua defesa de um "programa bioeconÃmico mÃnimo" â para, posteriormente, seguir caminho por meio de Foucault e seu estudo sobre biopolÃtica, Marx e sua crÃtica à Economia PolÃtica, e, em retorno, Andrea Fumagalli e outros autores contemporÃneos, visando prover o conceito de Bioeconomia de substÃncia à anÃlise, em seguida, das condiÃÃes reais de inserÃÃo da subjetividade no mundo do trabalho e das estratÃgias de resistÃncia empregadas pelos indivÃduos mediante sua adequaÃÃo ao contexto laboral. Com este percurso teÃrico, assim, demonstramos proximidade Ãs consideraÃÃes da via marxista do pÃs-operaÃsmo italiano, perspectiva que nos servirà de lente para o melhor vislumbre sobre as transformaÃÃes do mundo do trabalho. à vista disso, as consideraÃÃes iniciais apontam que os "indivÃduos que trabalham" se inserem sob uma mirÃade de estratÃgias de resistÃncia que seguem as formas de controle e os processos de reestruturaÃÃo produtiva nas quais se veem imersos em relaÃÃo ao mercado de trabalho, uma ilustraÃÃo do conjunto dos empregadores e das empresas como um todo. Estabelecendo-se nÃo como dicotÃmicas, as ideias de resistÃncia ou resiliÃncia passam a ser apontadas como amÃlgamas destes mesmos posicionamentos, com primazia na contemporaneidade de situaÃÃes de "resiliÃncia-resistÃncia" em contraposiÃÃo a uma "resistÃncia-resiliÃncia", situaÃÃo aquela na qual se busca sobretudo um equilÃbrio pessoal dentro do espaÃo de trabalho e um afastamento a situaÃÃes que possam causar adoecimento. Nessa seara, os entendimentos sobre a Bioeconomia e, em seu cerne, de acumulaÃÃo bioeconÃmica, mostram-se de importÃncia para o tratamento sobre as formas de controle do bios humano ao alcance dos objetivos de valorizaÃÃo do capital, desde a mais bÃsica concepÃÃo de bios aos aspectos fisiolÃgicos do indivÃduo, Ãs concepÃÃes mais refinadas, relacionadas, por exemplo, aos aspectos da memÃria e da atenÃÃo dos indivÃduos. / This work starts from the question about the subjectivity in the labor scope under the context of the economic dynamics as bioeconomic, related, thus, to Bioeconomy. The proposal is constituted as a theoretical analysis about the principles of work in the contemporaneity, aiming at the re-signification of the concept of Bioeconomy, initially apprehended from the contributions of Andrea Fumagalli in "Bioeconomy and cognitive capitalism". For that, criticisms, reflections and constitutive propositions are discussed, as well as discussions about the world of work based on the conditions in which the workers are found and the treatments granted to them, especially the possibilities of resistance that they can conjecture in contemporary times through increasingly subtle situations of control and exploitation. In this sense, the present production was developed on a method of bibliographical basis, indicating the need of re-signification of concepts and of exploration and dialogue of contents related to the scope of the world of work. Thus, in correspondence with the contributions of Andrea Fumagalli and the exposition of his theoretical bases, a revision of the concept of Bioeconomy was initially undertaken through a contribution of the Economy through Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen â and his defense of a "minimal bio-economic program" â in order to follow the path through Foucault and his study on biopolitics, Marx and his critique of Political Economy, and in return, Andrea Fumagalli and other contemporary authors, in order to provide the concept of Bioeconomy of substance to analysis, in followed, of the real conditions of insertion of subjectivity in the world of work and of the strategies of resistance employed by individuals through their adaptation to the work context. With this theoretical path, we thus demonstrate proximity to the considerations of the Marxist path of Italian post-operaism, a perspective that will serve as a lens for the best glimpse of the transformations of the world of work. In view of this, the initial considerations point out that the "working individuals" are inserted under a myriad of resistance strategies that follow the forms of control and the processes of productive restructuring in which they are immersed in relation to the labor market, an illustration of the set of employers and companies as a whole. Establishing themselves not as dichotomous, the ideas of resistance or resilience come to be pointed as amalgams of these same positions, with primacy in the contemporaneity of situations of "resilience-resistance" as opposed to "resistance-resilience", a situation in which is sought above all a personal balance within the workplace and a move away from situations that may cause illness. In this section, understandings about Bioeconomy and, at its heart, bioeconomic accumulation, are of importance for the treatment about the ways of controlling human bios within reach of the objectives of capital valorization, from the most basic conception of bios to the physiological aspects of the individual, to the more refined conceptions, related, for example, to the aspects of memory and attention of individuals.

Tyrimo objektas – bioekonomikos teorinis turinys ir taikomosios sritys. Darbo tikslas – atskleisti bioekonomikos teorinį turinį ir nustatyti jos apimamas ekonominės veiklos sritis, išryškinant jos sąsajas su darniu vystymusi. Uždaviniai: 1) atskleisti bioekonomikos koncepcijas ir traktuotes; 2) išanalizuoti bioekonomikos vaidmenį ekonomikoje, teikiamą naudą ir keliamą riziką; 3) atskleisti bioekonomikos indėlį į darnų vystymąsi; 4) nustatyti bioekonomikos vystymosi prielaidas. Tyrimo metodai - analizuojant bioekonomikos teorinius aspektus - jos traktuotę bei sankirtą su kitais mokslais - naudoti apibendrinimo ir apibendrinamosios abstrakcijos metodai; analizuojant bioekonomikos vaidmenį pasaulio ekonomikoje, jos teikiamą naudą ir iššaukiamą riziką taikytas loginės analizės metodas; bioekonomikos indėlis į darnų vystymąsi nagrinėtas izoliuojančiosios abstrakcijos metodu; analizuojant tarptautinių institucijų ir Lietuvos požiūrį į bioekonomiką naudoti akademinės, teisinės ir mokslo populiarinimo literatūros bendramoksliniai tyrimo metodai – loginė analizė ir sintezė bei dokumentų analizės metodai. Literatūros ir informacijos šaltinai – Lietuvos ir užsienio mokslininkų darbai, konferencijų medžiaga, tarptautinių institucijų dokumentai, teisės aktai. / Research object – theoretical content and applied fields in bioeconomy. Research aim – to reveal content of bioeconomics, to identify range of economic activities involved in bioeconomy and highlight its connections with sustainable development. Objectives: 1) to reveal approaches and conceptions of bioeconomy; 2) to analyse the role of bioeconomy in the world economy including its advantage and disadvantage; 3) to define contribution of bioeconomy to sustainable development; 4) to define premises of bioeconomy development. Research methods: in the analysis of theoretical aspects of bioeconomy and its interaction with related sciences was applied generalization method; in the analysis of the role of bioeconomy in the world economy including its advantage and disadvantage was applied logical analysis method; in the analysis of contribution of bioeconomy to sustainable development was applied abstraction method; in analysis of attitudes towards bioeconomy were applied analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and international organization documents. References and information: publications of foreign scientists, conference materials, documents of international institutions and legal acts.