No description available.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Hinnsvepning är en icke-farmakologisk induktionsmetod som används inom förlossningsvården med önskan om att initiera en förlossningsstart. Svenska föreningen för obstetrik och gynekologi [SFOG] rekommenderar hinnsvepning i fullgången graviditet. Rekommendationen bygger dock på oeniga forskningsresultat och det framgår inte vilka maternella faktorer som kan påverka utfallet. Syfte: Beskriva utfallet av hinnsvepning i graviditetsvecka 41+3. Metod: Retrospektiv journalgranskning med kvantitativ ansats användes. Urvalet gjordes via en specialistmottagning för gravida som är kopplad till den aktuella förlossningskliniken. Totalt inkluderades 100 kvinnors förlossningsjournaler. Resultat: Av de 100 kvinnorna som hinnsveptes inducerades 41 med annan induktionsmetod och 33 kvinnor blev överburna. Paritet hade inte några statistiskt signifikanta samband med varken induktion, tid till aktiv förlossningsfas eller överburenhet, till skillnad från Bishop Score som hade ett statistiskt signifikant samband med både induktion, tid till aktiv förlossningsfas och överburenhet. Ett statistiskt signifikant samband kunde även ses mellan BMI och överburenhet samt tid till aktiv förlossningsfas. Bishop Score var den variabeln med starkast samband till induktion, tid till aktiv förlossningsfas och överburenhet. Konklusion: Kvinnans Bishop Score och BMI bör inte negligeras i samband att hinnsvepning genomförs då det kan påverka utfallet. Ytterligare forskning krävs för att klargöra utfallet av hinnsvepning och på vilka grunder det bör utföras. / Background: Sweeping of the membranes is a non- pharmacological inductionmethod used in obstetrics with the desire to initiate a labor. The Swedish Association for Obstetrics and Gynecology [SFOG] recommends membrane sweeping in full-time pregnancy. However, these recommendations are built on inconsistent research in the area and it doesn’t reveal which maternal factors that may affect the outcome. Purpose: Describe the outcome of membrane sweeping in pregnancy week 41 + 3. Methods: Retrospective journal review with quantitative approach were conducted. The selection was performed on a specialist clinic for pregnant women who are linked to the current obstetric clinic. Totally 100 women’s birth records were included in the study. Results: Of the 100 women who went through membrane sweeping, 41 was induced with another induction method and 33 women became overburdened. Parity did not appear statistically significant with neither induction, time to active delivery phase or post-term pregnancy unlike Bishop Score who had a statically significant relationship with both induction, time to active delivery phase and post-term pregnancy. A statistically significant association could also be seen between BMI and post-term pregnancy, as well as BMI and time to active delivery phase. Bishop Score showed to be the only variable with statistically significant association to induction, time to active delivery phase and post-term pregnancy. Conclusion: Bishop Score and BMI should not be neglected when membrane sweeping is performed as it may affect the outcome. Further research is required to clarify the outcome of membrane sweeping and on which grounds it should be performed.

Kunskap som barn utvecklar i förskoleåldern är viktig för den framtida inlärningen. Då rapporter från Skolverket visat på stora skillnader i behörighet till gymnasieskolan mellan olika elevgrupper kan förskollärare synliggöra olika aspekter av matematik i vardagen och ge barnen stöttning i deras matematiska utveckling. Utomhusvistelse anses positivt för barns motoriska utveckling samt gynnar både det fysiska och psykiska välmåendet. Syftet med studien är att undersöka förskollärares inställning till användandet av matematik i utomhusmiljö i den pedagogiska verksamheten i förskolan. Samt hur förskolläraren rent konkret uppmuntrar till användandet av matematik i utomhusmiljö. Studien genomfördes som en pilotstudie där resultatet bygger på kvantitativa data med inslag av kvalitativa data genom öppna frågor. Som datainsamlingsmetod användes en webbenkätundersökning. Studien knyter an till Vygotskijs sociokulturella teori där lärandet sker i interaktion med andra genom sociala relationer och Deweys ”Learning by doing” vilket innebär att lära genom att göra. Studiens resultat visar att förskollärarna arbetar med matematik utifrån Bishops matematiska aktiviteter på ett flertal sätt och att undervisningstillfällena ofta innehåller flera matematiska aktiviteter. Studien visar även att förskollärarna upplever obegränsade möjligheter samt inga eller få hinder att använda matematik i utomhusmiljö. Slutligen visar studien att förskollärarna upplever att barnen använder den matematikundervisning de fått i sin lek.

No description available.

No description available.

This study investigates two undergraduate curriculum programs at Bishop College in Dallas, in an effort to determine their effects upon selected groups of graduates, as measured in selected areas of their achievement before and after graduation. Conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Neither curriculum program has attained a statistically significant degree of greater efficiency over the other in areas of students' undergraduate academic achievement, concepts of self and undergraduate academic experiences, and career involvement after graduation. 2. More stringent measurement than that of this study could possibly reveal that the Experimental Curriculum attained greater results to a statistically significant degree in more areas than did the Regular Curriculum. 3. Through achievement of a higher percentage of student retention, the Experimental Curriculum has attained greater effectiveness than the Regular Curriculum. 4. A need exists for increased relevancy of curriculum experiences to community problems. 5. A need exists for increased emphasis upon the student's development of effective self-expression and adequate self-confidence.

The first Bishop of Truro, Edward White Benson, saw the building of a Cathedral as the centre piece of his vision for Cornwall. The foundation stones were laid in May 1880, only three years after his enthronement. The building itself, the ability to raise money for it in impoverished Cornwall and the use of Cathedral Canons for training, education and mission for the whole diocese were intended to inspire faith and make the Cathedral the mother church for all Christians in Cornwall. The Cathedral revived an imagined vibrant medieval Church in Cornwall, some of whose saints were named in the Canons’ stalls and whose bishops, Benson believed, were his predecessors. Benson failed to unify Cornish people around this vision. Methodism was far too strong in Cornwall and remained so for many decades after he left Cornwall in 1883 to become Archbishop of Canterbury. Here Benson was no more successful implementing the vision on a wider stage. The state, not the church, became the umbrella organisation that started to reach everyone at local and national level. Nevertheless, Anglicanism in Cornwall did revive in Benson’s time and disagreements between Anglicans over styles of worship and other matters were partially sorted out by Benson, both as Bishop of Truro and as Archbishop of Canterbury. Benson’s interest in history further encouraged Cornwall’s interest in its Celtic past. An increasingly pluralistic culture enabled a reviving Anglicanism to take its place alongside Methodism in Cornwall, without ever coming close to replacing it. Shortly before Benson arrived in Cornwall, a Baptist minister suggested that the sturdy non-conformist people of Cornwall needed a Bishop no more than a duck needed an umbrella. Cornish people appreciated Bishop Benson and the Cathedral he helped to inspire. By and large they chose not to shelter under the umbrella of the Church of England. In the words of Edward Fish in a letter to the Royal Cornwall Gazette published on the 5 January 1877: “Looking around on this great Non-conformist county we did not need a bishop any more than a duck needs an umbrella. My statement as a Non-conformist is this, and I do but echo the opinion of thousands in the county, we do not need a bishop.”

Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979) was a Pulitzer-prize winning American poet who did not produce much published work in her career. This was partly due to her low confidence, depression, alcoholism, and difficult personal life, but it was also due to her meticulousness as a poet. Colleagues and critics praised her strong description and mastery of technique, but criticized her early work as lacking depth. While appearing simple, her early works present complex themes of dualism and isolation. Using characteristics of the carnivalesque and the grotesque, her poetry explores these concepts and the need to cover them. This study's close analysis of four works ("From the Country to the City, " "Cirque d'Hiver, " "Pink Dog, " and "The Man-Moth") reveals characteristics of the carnivalesque and the grotesque, adding a previously unnoticed depth to her early work.

Thesis advisor: Michael J. Himes / This dissertation inquires into the necessity, process, and structure of the bishop's discernment of the local church's <italic>sensus fidelium</italic>. As an authentic source of saving knowledge of God such that its reception brings union with God and others, the <italic>sensus fidelium</italic> ought to be a source for episcopal teaching. In his reception of the <italic>sensus fidelium</italic>, the bishop continues to learn and to be transformed by the apostolic faith, and is in turn better able to teach the faith with authority. If the bishop's reception of the <italic>sensus fidelium</italic> is integral to his ability to teach the apostolic faith in an authoritative manner, then the orthopraxis of that reception is of great importance. One aspect of that orthopraxis is the bishop's discernment of the <italic>sensus fidelium</italic>. As a ministerial habitus, discernment has implications both for the bishop's personal transformation and for his ability to place his spirituality at the service of the apostolate. The <italic>Spiritual Exercises</italic> of Ignatius of Loyola and the structures of the Society of Jesus are employed as a comparative model of discernment. The <italic>Spiritual Exercises</italic> offers a way of viewing discernment as a virtue that develops one's capacity for both reception from and union with God and others. Discernment in the Society of Jesus is undertaken to foster unity of understanding and purpose at the service of the Society's apostolate. Structures promoting discernment and relating spirituality to authority provide insights into how discernment may be developed within the larger church. Chapter One indicates that the bishop's discernment must become a virtue, that is, it must both be continually undertaken and personally transformative of his own capacity to know and respond to the Holy Spirit. Further, it must take into account in a positive and constructive manner other sources of authority, or of knowing God, within the church's historical context. Chapter Two analyzes the virtues and structures currently considered normative for the bishop's ministry in the local church. While ecclesial documents encourage dialogue, spirituality, and various virtues to aid the bishop's ministry, they leave undeveloped a coherent description of the relationship between discernment and the bishop's spirituality and authority, and do not sufficiently address the bishop's formation by the <italic>sensus fidelium</italic> of the local church. In order to better realize the ideals offered by these documents and to more sufficiently conceive how the bishop comes to personally symbolize the local church, Chapter Three and Chapter Four present the spirituality of the <italic>Spiritual Exercises</italic> and structures of the Society of Jesus. Chapter Five then constructs a model of episcopal discernment in the context of communion ecclesiology and in light of the insights of the Jesuit tradition in order to demonstrate how elements of Ignatian spirituality and Jesuit institutional structures may either illuminate episcopal self-understanding and practice or be adapted to the advantage of dialogical discernment within the local church. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Theology.