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The Impact of Blockchain Food Tracing Information Quality and Trust on Intention to PurchaseLai, Im Hong 08 1900 (has links)
The purpose of our research is to empirically test how system attributes of blockchain build trust through system and information components in blockchain food traceability systems. Findings showed that system attributes of blockchain are strong predictors of trust leading to intention to purchase. A sample of 358 responses were collected from college students through online survey. SmartPLS 3.0 is adopted for data analysis. We made contributions by building a new research model to guide future studies on trust formation in blockchain based systems as well as informing practice to adopt proven features of blockchain to create and capture values for customers.
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Design of a Blockchain-Based P2P Energy Marketplace within a Single Energy Retailer Framework / Design av en Blockchain-baserad P2P Energi Marknadsplats inom en Enskild EnergiåterförsäljningsramBrasero Romo, Adrian January 2023 (has links)
In the era of rapid technological innovation, the convergence of blockchain technology and energy management has garnered significant attention. The escalating numbers of prosumers—individuals both producing and consuming energy—indicate a shift in the energy paradigm, demanding new frameworks for energy exchange. Traditional energy marketplaces have struggled to keep pace with these changes, necessitating a solution that is transparent, decentralized, and tailored to all stakeholders involved. There's a clear opportunity for a platform that not only seamlessly facilitates energy transactions but also addresses wider stakeholder implications. This thesis aims to develop and critically assess a blockchain-based energy marketplace, targeting diverse stakeholders: prosumers, consumers, energy retailers, and the broader environment. The research approach begins with a presentation of a blockchain-driven energy trading model, especially tailored to the Spanish electricity market's specifics. Employing "Grid Singularity" as an open-source tool, the study simulates the virtual interactions between prosumers and consumers, ensuring a practical understanding of the model amidst the complex web of energy utility participants. The implementation of this decentralized platform showcases tangible benefits across the board: prosumers see a notable uptick in revenue, consumers benefit from almost 30% savings on energy expenses, and energy retailers discover new revenue streams, all while promoting an eco-friendly energy landscape. The intersection of blockchain technology with the energy sector, as explored in this study, is not a mere academic exercise but a critical exploration into the future of energy management and trading. By introducing a transparent and equitable trading avenue, the platform empowers prosumers to harness the true economic potential of their energy surplus, further incentivizing the proliferation of renewable energy generation. In essence, this thesis introduces more than just a technological solution; it presents a vision for the future of the energy sector. / I en tid av snabb teknologisk innovation har sammanslagningen av blockchain-teknik och energihantering dragit till sig avsevärd uppmärksamhet. De ökande antalet prosumers – individer som både producerar och konsumerar energi – indikerar en förskjutning i energiparadigmet och kräver nya ramverk för energiutbyte. Traditionella energimarknader har haft svårt att hålla jämna steg med dessa förändringar, vilket kräver en lösning som är transparent, decentraliserad och anpassad till alla inblandade intressenter. Det finns ett tydligt tillfälle för en plattform som inte bara smidigt underlättar energitransaktioner utan också adresserar bredare intressentimplikationer. Denna avhandling syftar till att utveckla och kritiskt bedöma en blockchain-baserad energimarknad, riktad till olika intressenter: prosumers, konsumenter, energiåterförsäljare och den bredare miljön. Forskningsansatsen börjar med en presentation av en blockchain-drivet energihandelsmodell, särskilt skräddarsydd för den spanska elmarknadens specifikationer. Med hjälp av "Grid Singularity" som ett öppet verktyg simulerar studien de virtuella interaktionerna mellan prosumers och konsumenter, vilket säkerställer en praktisk förståelse av modellen mitt i det komplexa nätet av energianvändningsdeltagare. Genomförandet av denna decentraliserade plattform visar påtagliga fördelar över hela linjen: Prosumers ser en märkbar ökning i intäkter, konsumenter gynnas av nästan 30% besparingar på energiutgifter och energiåterförsäljare upptäcker nya intäktsströmmar, allt medan man främjar ett miljövänligt energilandskap. Sammanslagningen av blockchain-teknologi med energisektorn, som utforskats i denna studie, är inte bara en akademisk övning utan en kritisk utforskning av energihanteringens och handelns framtid. Genom att introducera en transparent och rättvis handelsaveny, ger plattformen prosumers möjlighet att utnyttja deras energiöverskotts sanna ekonomiska potential, vilket ytterligare incitament till spridningen av förnybar energiproduktion. I huvudsak introducerar denna avhandling mer än bara en teknologisk lösning; den presenterar en vision för energisektorns framtid.
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Investigating the level of awareness of blockchain technology in higher educationJagannatha, Divya January 2023 (has links)
This study presents the results of an exploratory study investigating the current level of awareness of blockchain technology among IT administrative staff and educators in the context of higher education in Sweden, by employing a qualitative method for data collection. This study has gained useful insight and perspective of participants’ level of understanding of blockchain technology in the context of higher education.The results demonstrate varied awareness levels of participants by highlighting the level of understanding about blockchain technology and their attitude towards acceptance of it. The study also sheds some light on the challenges associated with blockchain from the perspective of the participants. The study has tried to identify viable solutions to improve the acceptance and gradual adoption of blockchain technology in higher education.In conclusion, the results indicate that existing frameworks like the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) could be extended by adding a perception of cost to understand the acceptance and adoption of blockchain technology in the context of higher education. Further research is required to investigate the importance of cost perspective to UTAUT and TAM models and its relevance in the context of blockchain technology in higher education. Furthermore, the study suggests that addressing the knowledge gap by producing and distributing educational resources and programs focused on blockchain technology could raise the awareness level and understanding among various stakeholders in higher education which will help in the gradual adoption of blockchain technology in higher education.
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Blockchain - Mirakelkuren för en effektivare revisionsprocess?Alm, Emil, Carlsson, David January 2023 (has links)
Inom revisionsbranschen tenderar arbetsbelastningen att vara extra hög, framför allt under de två första kvartalen vilket bidrar till hög stress och långa arbetsdagar. I dagens samhälle spelar den teknologiska utvecklingen en stor roll. Det historiska perspektivet visar att teknisk utveckling ur ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv är en avgörande faktor för att bedriva en väl fungerande verksamhet. I början av 2000-talet introducerades blockchain, främst i samband med kryptovalutor. Tekniken väckte ett intresse hos de stora revisions- och redovisningsbyråerna som såg vilka implikationer detta skulle kunna ha på branscherna. I studien ämnar vi att identifiera tidskrävande arbetsuppgifter en revisor stöter på i sitt praktiska arbete för att sedan undersöka om dessa kan effektiviseras med hjälp av blockchain. Undersökningen har utförts genom intervjuer med revisorer av olika befattningar och erfarenheter på byråer av olika storlekar. Semistrukturerade frågor har använts för att erhålla uttömmande redogörelser kring revisorns praktiska arbete. Studien bidrar med kunskap om tidskrävande arbetsuppgifter och om blockchain har potentialen att effektivisera dessa. Med utgångspunkt i revisorns praktiska arbete har tidskrävande arbetsuppgifter och potentiella effektiviseringsåtgärder identifierats. Sedan gjordes kopplingar till blockchain. I undersökningen framgår det att vissa blockchainapplikationer har potentialen att effektivisera tidskrävande arbetsuppgifter medan andra inte besitter den potentialen / In the audit industry, workloads tend to be particularly high, especially during the first two quarters, leading to elevated levels of stress and long working hours. In today's society, technological advancements play a crucial role, and historical perspectives demonstrate that technological development from a business administration perspective is a critical factor in conducting well-functioning operations. In the early 2000s, blockchain was introduced, primarily in connection with cryptocurrencies. The technology sparked interest among major audit and accounting firms, which recognized the potential implications it could have on the industries. The purpose of this study is to identify time-consuming tasks encountered by auditors in their practical work and investigate whether these tasks can be streamlined using blockchain technology. The study was conducted through interviews with auditors of various positions and experiences in firms of varied sizes. Semi-structured questions were employed to obtain comprehensive insights into the auditors' practical work. The study contributes knowledge about time-consuming tasks and the potential of blockchain to streamline these tasks. Based on the auditors' practical work, time-consuming tasks and potential streamlining measures were identified. Subsequently, connections were made to technological features of blockchain. The findings of the study indicate that certain blockchain features have the potential to streamline time-consuming tasks, while other features do not possess such potential.
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Connecting Electronic Wallets to Achieve Cross-Platform P2P MicropaymentsMuresu, Daniel, Shabeeb, Ahmad January 2019 (has links)
There are many different ways to conduct a payment in today’s society. The most common ways to transfer money is by using bank transfer, credit and debit cards or e-wallets. Global and instant micropayments are however not possible using different e-wallets as endpoints. In this report, the authors try to find a feasible solution to this by using and combining the functionalities of two e-wallets by connecting them. Research is made on potential endpoint e-wallets and Swish and PayPal are selected to be used in the system. A distributed system model is built and an initial prototype is implemented based on wire transfers. The system is tested using a integration testing strategy and the performance of the prototype is validated by measuring the execution time of the system. The results from the unit and system tests are collected and the system is verified by passing all integration tests. It is concluded that there is a feasible solution for connecting the e-wallets and that even more e-wallets could be integrated into the system. Lastly, the authors discuss the project and future work. / Det finns många olika sätt att betala i dagens samhälle. De vanligaste sätten att överföra pengar är genom banköverföring, kredit- och kontokort eller elektroniska plånböcker. Globala och snabba mikrobetalningar är däremot inte möjliga med olika e-plånböcker som betalningssätt. I denna rapport försöker författarna hitta en möjlig lösning till detta genom att använda och kombinera funktionaliteten hos två e-plånböcker genom att ansluta dem. Undersökningar görs på potentiella e-plånböcker och Swish och PayPal blir valda för att användas i systemet. En distribuerad systemmodell är byggd och en initial prototyp implementeras baserat på trådbundna överföringar. Systemet testas med en enhetsteststrategi och prototypens prestanda valideras genom att mäta tiden av systemets utförande. Resultaten från enhets- och systemtester samlas in och systemet verifieras genom att klara alla enhetstester. Slutsatsen dras att det finns en möjlig lösning för att ansluta de elektroniska plånböckerna och att ännu fler elektroniska plånböcker kan integreras i systemet. Slutligen diskuterar författarna projektet och framtida arbete.
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A qualitative study of Investigating the adoption of blockchain technology in higher educationRoshanzade, Tahere January 2023 (has links)
This study has the purpose to investigate the existing state of adoption of blockchain technology in higher education, exploring the obstacles, and potential associated with its implementation to provide an updated and concise overview of the challenges and assess the feasibility of adopting blockchain in higher education.This research includes a literature review to examine the current status of blockchain in higher education. Additionally, a qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews is utilized to gain an in-depth understanding of blockchain adoption, the potential challenges of its adopting, and its prospects within higher education by investigating the perspective of the interviewed academic community.Furthermore, the TOE framework is used to categorize adoption challenges into technical, organizational, and environmental dimensions. Challenges identified include technical complexity, resistance to change, financial constraints, perception of immaturity, lack of awareness, limited interoperability, insufficient skills, inadequate organizational support, regulatory compliance, cultural factors, and ecosystem readiness.Besides, the TAM is utilized to highlight the potential of blockchain based on respondents’views. It also explores how challenges from the TOE framework impact users’ perceptions of blockchain’s ease of use and usefulness in higher education. The overall findings indicate that adopting blockchain in higher education presents challenges such as resistance to change, cost concerns, lack of awareness, cryptocurrency bias, technical complexity, regulatory compliance, and ecosystem readiness.As a consequence, considering the identified level of readiness of universities to embrace new technologies, it is evident that blockchain is still in its early stages of recognition in higher education. However, its potential benefits are suggested such as reducing bureaucracy, enhancing communication and collaboration, improving payment systems, and ensuring secure document storage. It will require time for the full potential of blockchain to be acknowledged and accepted within the field of higher education
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Blockchain för att säkra Internet of Things / Blockchain To Secure Internet of ThingsSabe, Tahir, Khan, Ridom January 2020 (has links)
I dagsläget finns det fler anslutna enheter till internet, Internet of Things-enheter som det benämns, än vad det finns människor på jorden och produkter är lättillgängliga för den vanliga konsumenten. När fler enheter kopplas upp till internet är det också viktigt att hålla reda på dem. En nackdel med allt ökat antal uppkopplade enheter är en potentiellt ökad sårbarhet och det finns en högre risk för privatpersoner eller företag att bli hackade. Examensarbetet undersöker vilka säkerhetsrisker som finns med att skapa ett IoT-system och hur IoT kan kombineras med blockchainteknik ur ett säkerhetsperspektiv i olika branscher genom att titta på IoT-system inom små företag och för privatpersoner med begränsad IT-kompetens. En riskanalys görs för två användarfall, en floristverksamhet för bevarandet av bland annat känsliga växter och blommor respektive ett kommersiellt smart dörrlås som gör det möjligt för hushåll att kunna låsa samt låsa upp ett dörrlås digitalt med hjälp av mobiltelefoner. Därefter presenteras sårbarheter och tillgångar som behöver skyddas och relaterade arbeten undersöks för att se hur sårbarheter kan undvikas. Resultatet visar teknikernas relevans i nuläget, vilka IoT-modeller det finns och hur blockchain kan användas för att säkra IoT med exempelvis användningen av smarta kontrakt. Tre modeller identifieras där graden för inklusion av blockchain skiljer sig. IoT till IoT-modellen lagrar en del av datat i blockchain medan IoT interaktioner sker utan att använda blockchain. IoT till blockchain-modellen innebär att alla interaktioner sker via blockchain. Den tredje modellen är en hybrid vilket innebär att en del av interaktionen och datat placeras i blockchain och att det går att välja vilka interaktioner som ska ske via blockchain. Resultatet visar att blockchain kan användas för att bevara integritet och konfidentialitet mellan IoT enheter, mer specifikt kan det användas för autentisering och säker dataöverföring.
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The Establishment of Internal Corporate Venturing for a Virtual Economy in Web 3.0 setting / Etableringen av intern företagssatsning för en virtuell ekonomi i webb 3.0-miljöPhosaard, Pada, Yang, Qingyi January 2022 (has links)
The virtual economy has been gaining attraction since the increase of blockchain and web 3.0technology adoption. However, regarding the rise of web3.0 startups, the corporate pursuing this technology are still limited. Due to the early stage of technology, this research aims to study the critical driving forces in thriving internal capability enhancement and achieving long-term sustainable competitive advantages. Furthermore, the corporate venture builder mechanism will be investigated and analyzed in terms of essential barriers to incubating, accelerating, and successfully spin-off the web 3.0 venture from the corporate. This research aims to identify critical barriers regarding the five following aspects: Governance, Resources management, Corporate venture builder structure and processes, Ecosystem, and Technology and business capabilities. This research extracts empirical data from the semi-structured interviews from multi-stakeholders perspectives and the result shows that most interviewees have a similar understanding of fundamental VB structure and processes, while some details might be adapted based on each corporate’s context, size, prerequisite expertise, and capabilities. Moreover, the critical drivers can be considered a long-term aspiration of sustainable internal capability enhancement and competitiveness advantages. While the leadership in the governance aspect is one of the most critical barriers for a new venture toestablish. / Den virtuella ekonomin har sett ett växande intresse i samband med den ökade adaptionen av blockchain- och web3.0-teknologi. Men när det gäller uppkomsten av web3.0-startups är det fortfarande begränsat med företag som eftersträvar att arbeta med denna teknik. På grund av teknikens tidiga skede syftar denna forskning till att studera de kritiska drivkrafterna för blomstrande intern kapacitetsförbättring och för att uppnå långsiktigt hållbara konkurrensfördelar. Dessutom kommer mekanismen för internt företagsbyggande att undersökas och analyseras i termer av väsentliga hinder för att inkubera, accelerera och framgångsrikt spinna av web3.0-satsningar från företaget. Denna forskning syftar till attidentifiera kritiska barriärer för de fem följande aspekterna: Styrning, Resursförvaltning, Corporate venture builder-struktur och processer, Ekosystem och Teknik och affärs kapacitet. Denna forskning extraherar empirisk data från de semistrukturerade intervjuerna från perspektiv av flera intressenter, och analyserar och kombinerar även de sekundära datakällorna för vidare diskussion. Resultatet visar att de flesta intervjupersoner har en liknande förståelse för grundläggande VB-struktur och processer, medan vissa detaljer kan anpassas baserat på varje företags sammanhang, storlek, förutsättningsexpertis och kapacitet. Dessutom kan de kritiska drivkrafterna betraktas som en långsiktig strävan efter hållbar intern kapacitetsförbättring och konkurrensfördelar. Medan ledarskapet i förvaltningsaspekten är en av de mest kritiska barriärerna för att en ny satsning ska etableras.
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[en] A BLOCKCHAIN BASED MODEL FOR THE OFFER OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATES UNDER UNCERTAINTY AND FLEXIBILITY / [pt] UM MODELO PARA OFERTA DE CERTIFICADOS DE ENERGIA RENOVÁVEL NA BLOCKCHAIN SOB INCERTEZA E FLEXIBILIDADENAIELLY LOPES MARQUES 24 April 2019 (has links)
[pt] A redução da poluição e das emissões de gases de efeito estufa tem sido o foco de um grande esforço global. Nesse contexto, Certificados de Energia Renovável (RECs) são de grande importância para incentivar mudanças na matriz energética, visando à adoção de práticas sustentáveis. Dado o crescimento deste mercado e as características dos RECs, uma das potenciais ferramentas impulsionadoras da sua adoção é o protocolo de rede blockchain. Nesta pesquisa, analisamos três modelos autônomos de emissão e venda na blockchain de tokens baseados em RECs em condições de incerteza para um gerador de energia renovável. Nos três modelos, o gerador tem a opção de investir agora ou daqui a um ano para ter o direito de emitir RECs e ofertá-los através de leilões de venda trimestrais. No primeiro, assumimos que o preço do token é fixo, seguindo o conceito de uma stable coin. No segundo, consideramos que o preço segue uma função inversa da demanda sujeita a choques estocásticos. Finalmente, no terceiro, a demanda por RECs é incerta e busca-se maximizar o lucro do gerador. Realizamos uma aplicação numérica para verificarmos a validade dos modelos e concluímos, considerando os parâmetros adotados, que o gerador deverá investir no segundo modelo, pois foi o que apresentou maior VPL ( 60.992,70 Reais). Contudo, se a volatilidade da demanda for inferior a 20,00 por cento, o modelo ótimo para o gerador é o primeiro modelo. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é analisar a dinâmica do desempenho de produtos digitais sob incerteza. / [en] Reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions has been the focus of a major global effort. In this context, Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) are important as they provide incentives for changes in the energy matrix, towards the adoption of sustainable practices. Given the growth of this market and the characteristics of RECs, one of the potential drivers of their adoption is the blockchain network protocol. In this research, we analyze three autonomous models for issuing and selling in the blockchain of REC based tokens for the renewable energy generator. In all three models, the generator has the option to invest now or in one year for the right to issue RECs and offer them through quarterly sales auctions. In the first model, we assume that the token price is fixed following a stable coin concept. In the second model, we consider that the price follows an inverse demand function subject to stochastic shocks. Finally, in the third model, the demand for RECs is uncertain and the purpose is to maximize the generator s profit. Through a numerical application, we verify the validity of the models and conclude, considering the parameters adopted, that the generator should invest in the second model, since it was the one with the highest NPV (60,992.70 real). However, if the demand volatility is less than 20.00 percent, the optimal model for the generator is the first model. The main contribution of this work is to analyze the performance dynamics of digital products under uncertainty.
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[en] ON THE USE OF BLOCKCHAIN STRUCTURES IN A MULTIAGENT BASED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING METHOD: A HEALTHCARE EXAMPLE / [pt] UM MÉTODO DE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE PARA O USO DE ESTRUTURAS BLOCKCHAIN EM SISTEMAS MULTIAGENTES: UM EXEMPLO NO DOMÍNO DA SAÚDEPEDRO AUGUSTO DA SILVA E SOUZA MIRANDA 13 December 2021 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de implementação de uma blockchain
privada gerenciada por agentes de software para armazenar dados de sáude. A
tecnologia blockchain está mudando a maneira com que dados privados são
armazenados. Agora é possível compartilhar informações sem revelar quem é o
dono da informação. Este trabalho apresenta um sistema que permite que usuários
armazenagem dados de saúde em uma blockchain gerenciada por agentes de
software. Pesquisas revelaram que dados de saúde devem ser armazenado em
blockchains privadas, pois são privadas e não devem ser acessíveis para qualquer
pessoa como em blockchains públicas. Técnicas de engenharia de software foram
utilizadas para desenvolver a arquitetura proposta. O resultado é uma blockchain
privada capaz de manipular dados no padrão HL7 e armazena-los de forma
anônima e privada. Agentes de software foram utilizados para realizar todo o
processo de recebimento, validação e inserção de dados no blockchain. / [en] This paper presents an implementation approach for a private blockchain that is managed by software agents for healthcare data storage. Blockchain technology is changing the way we store private information. Now, it is possible to share private information while not revealing its owner s identity. This paper presents a
solution, which enables users to store medical data by using blockchains along with software agents. Further research work has shown that healthcare data, as sensitive information, should be stored in private blockchains through the use of appropriate methods. Software engineering techniques have been used to achieve the proposed solution. The result is a private blockchain that is suitable for manipulating HL7 data, ensuring anonymity and privacy. This can be achieved through software agents that act as regulatory controls for the private blockchains.
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