Avsikten med studien är att ge en fördjupad förståelse av hur terapeuter upplever att relationen till patienten påverkas av att genomföra psykoterapeutisk behandling online. Designen var en kvalitativ studie med strategiskt urval genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer. I studien har 11 terapeuter med erfarenhet av individuell psykoterapeutisk videobehandling medverkat. Alla deltagare har arbetat med psykologi inom olika sjukvårdsregioner och innehar som minst grundläggande utbildning i psykoterapi. Analysmodellen som användes var tematisk textanalys Malterud (2014). Huvudteman som framkom var. 1. Teraputens inställning till mediet och dess förutsättningar kan påverka relationen, 2. Pt-online är inte som sedvanlig terapi- digitala förutsättningar påverkar mötet och 3. Relationellt samspel blir annorlunda (även om vissa aspekter kan vara lika). Resultaten visar deltagarnas olika upplevelser av hur det relationella samspelet förändras under psykoterapeutisk behandling online. Det kan vara värdefullt för terapeuter att veta vad de kan göra för att överbrygga och kompensera för bortfall av sinnesintryck under psykoterapeutiska videosamtal.

A new suboptimal guidance law design approach for aerospace vehicles is proposed in this thesis, followed by an advanced control design for supersonic air-breathing engines. The guidance law is designed using the newly developed Generalized Model Predictive Static Programming (G-MPSP), which is based on the continuous time nonlinear optimal control framework. The key feature of this technique is one-time backward propagation of a small-dimensional weighting matrix dynamics, which is used to update the entire control history. This key feature, as well as the fact that it leads to a static optimization problem, lead to its computational efficiency. It has also been shown that the existing model predictive static programming (MPSP), which is based on the discrete time framework, is a special case of G-MPSP. The G-MPSP technique is further extended to incorporate ‘input inequality constraints’ in a limited sense using the penalty function philosophy. Next, this technique has been developed also further in a ‘flexible final time’ framework to converge rapidly to meet very stringent final conditions with limited number of iterations. Using the G-MPSP technique in a flexible final time and input inequality constrained formulation, a suboptimal guidance law for a solid motor propelled carrier launch vehicle is successfully designed for a hypersonic mission. This guidance law assures very stringent final conditions at the injection point at the end of the guidance phase for successful beginning of the hypersonic vehicle operation. It also ensures that the angle of attack and structural load bounds are not violated throughout the trajectory. A second-order autopilot has been incorporated in the simulation studies to mimic the effect of the inner-loops on the guidance performance. Simulation studies with perturbations in the thrust-time behaviour, drag coefficient and mass demonstrate that the proposed guidance can meet the stringent requirements of the hypersonic mission. The G-MPSP technique in a fixed final time and input inequality constrained formulation has also been used for optimal guidance of an aerospace vehicle propelled by supersonic air-breathing engine, where the resulting thrust can be manipulated by managing the fuel flow and nozzle area (which is not possible in solid motors). However, operation of supersonic air-breathing engines is quite complex as the thrust produced by the engine is a result of very complex nonlinear combustion dynamics inside the engine. Hence, to generate the desired thrust, accounting for a fairly detailed engine model, a dynamic inversion based nonlinear state feedback control design has been carried out. The objective of this controller is to ensure that the engine dynamically produces the thrust that tracks the commanded value of thrust generated from the guidance loop as closely as possible by regulating the fuel flow rate. Simultaneously, by manipulating throat area of the nozzle, it also manages the shock wave location in the intake for maximum pressure recovery with sufficient margin for robustness. To filter out the sensor and process noises and to estimate the states for making the control design operate based on output feedback, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) based state estimation design has also been carried out and the controller has been made to operate based on estimated states. Moreover, independent control designs have also been carried out for the actuators so that their response can be faster. In addition, this control design becomes more challenging to satisfy the imposed practical constraints like fuel-air ratio and peak combustion temperature limits. Simulation results clearly indicate that the proposed design is quite successful in assuring the desired performance of the air-breathing engine throughout the flight trajectory, i.e., both during the climb and cruise phases, while assuring adequate pressure margin for shock wave management.

This study determined the effect of hypoxia on air-breathing onset and physiological and morphological characters in larvae of the air breathing fishes Trichopodus trichopterus and Betta splendens. Larvae were exposed intermittently (12/12 h daily) to 20, 17, and 14 kPa of PO2 from 1 to 40 days post-fertilization. Survival, onset of air breathing, wet body mass, O2, Pcrit were measured every 5 dpf. Hypoxia advanced by 4 days, and delayed by 9 days, the onset of air breathing in Betta and Trichopodus, respectively. Hypoxia increased larval body length, wet mass, and labyrinth organ respiratory surface of Betta, but did not affect these factors in Trichopodus. Hypoxic exposure increased O2 by 50-100% at each day throughout larval development in Betta, but had no effect on larval Trichopodus. Hypoxia decreased Pcrit in Betta by 37%, but increased Pcrit in Trichopodus by 70%. Larval Betta reared in hypoxia showed a modified heart rate:opercular rate ratio (3:1 to 2:1), but these changes did not occur in Trichopodus. Compared to Betta, the blood of Trichopodus had a higher P50 and much smaller Bohr and Root effects. These interspecific differences are likely due to ecophysiological differences: Betta is a non- obligatory air-breather after 36 dpf with a slow lifestyle reflected in its low metabolism, while Trichopodus is an obligatory air-breather past 32 dpf with an athletic fast lifestyle and accompanying high metabolism.

Title: Swimming breathing training methods for younger school-age children Author: Klára Kraumanová, DiS. Department: Physical Education Department Supervisor: Mgr. Babeta Chrzanowská Abstract: The present work provides a set of training methods for swimming breathing, that is designed for younger school-age children. It also provides the set of tests, that was used on selected group for proof of validity of statement, that swimming breathing is an integral part of swimming training. Keywords: swimming breathing, basic swimming skills, swimming breathing training methods, younger school-age children

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafaela Schmidt.pdf: 880257 bytes, checksum: f87b7bb81792a173904d6f621931b61a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Introduction: nasal breathing is an essential function to assure a balanced growth and development of the orofacial muscles. Aim: to characterize the posture, tone and mobility of lips and tongue of mouth breathing children. Methods: the subjects of this study were 40 mouth breathing children, 26 boys and 14 girls. All subjects were submitted to an evaluation of posture, tone and mobility of the lips and tongue, using the MBGR protocol. Results: for the lips posture variable, it has been observed that: 32.5% of the subjects had a semi-open lip posture, 27.5% alternate between open and closed lips, 22.5% had an open lip posture and just 17.5% maintained their lips closed. With regards to the upper lip tone: 90% presented normal muscle tone, 10% lower tone, and no subjects presented a higher muscle tone. As for the tone of the lower lip 80.0% of the children presented lower muscle tone, and 20.0% normal muscle tone. For the lips mobility variable 47.5% of the group presented normal score values and 50.0% scored close to normality. Regarding tongue posture, 57.5% of the children had a low-lying resting tongue posture, 32.5% did not allow for observation of this variable, and in 10.0% of the subjects the tongue was placed in an interdental resting posture. As for tongue muscle tone 52.5% presented lowered tone, and 47.5% were considered normal. When assessing tongue mobility, 55.0% of the children obtained the best results and 45.0% had score values very close to the best. Conclusion: according to the results for the majority of the assessed mouth breathing children, the following characteristics were found regarding the lips: semi-opened posture, upper lip with normal tone, lower lip with lowered tonicity and normal mobility. The following results were found regarding the tongue: low-lying resting posture, with lowered muscle tone and normal mobility / Introdução: a respiração nasal é uma função essencial para o crescimento e desenvolvimento equilibrado da musculatura orofacial. Objetivo: caracterizar a postura, tônus e mobilidade de lábios e língua em crianças respiradoras orais. Método: participaram do estudo 40 crianças respiradoras orais, 26 do sexo masculino e 14 do feminino. Todos foram avaliados quanto à postura, o tônus e a mobilidade de lábios e língua, utilizando-se o protocolo MBGR. Resultados: para a variável postura de lábios encontrou-se: 32.5% de lábios entreabertos, 27,5% alternaram abertos e fechados, 22,5% apresentaram lábios abertos e apenas 17,5% com lábios fechados. Em relação ao tônus do lábio superior: 90% apresentaram tônus normal, 10% diminuído e nenhuma com tônus aumentado. No que se refere ao tônus de lábio inferior 80,0% das crianças apresentam tônus diminuído e 20,0% normal. No item mobilidade de lábios 47,5% do grupo apresentou valores de escores considerados normais e 50,0% valores próximos a normalidade. Em relação à postura de língua 57,5% das crianças permanecia com a língua no assoalho, 32,5% não foi possível observar e em 10,0% a língua estava em posição interdental. Quanto ao tônus de língua 52,5% apresentaram tônus diminuído e 47,5% normal. Na avaliação de mobilidade de língua 55,0% das crianças tiveram o melhor resultado e 45,0% obtiveram valores de escores bem próximos ao melhor. Conclusão: de acordo com resultados para a maioria do grupo de crianças respiradoras orais avaliadas foram encontradas as seguintes características em relação aos lábios: postura entreaberta, lábio superior com tônus normal, lábio inferior com tônus diminuído e mobilidade normal. Em relação à língua: a postura foi no assoalho, com tônus diminuído e mobilidade normal

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wilson Gava Junior.pdf: 1334336 bytes, checksum: d3d92d3bb204a4bb2373747afd19403a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / INTRODUCTION: in the singing voice field, the relationships established between the singer s mastering of breathing and vocal emission have always been widely discussed with different points of view. In this matter, breath support is one of the main agents. It is important to note that there are few studies that contribute with practical models designed towards the learning of this ability. AIM: to analyze the Voiced Breathing Support Program (PARS), developed by the author, through the learning process of three popular singers. METHODS: an initial interview was performed to select the subjects, and three professional popular singers, with different characteristics, were chosen to take part in the study. The PARS was developed, individually, in weekly one-hour encounters, in three interdependent phases (awareness, development and sedimentation). Throughout the process, a log of each encounter was filled in, and the audio files were registered, for each singer. Perceptive parameters of voice were also analyzed and compared before and after the program. RESULTS: Subject one had a learning process which involved all levels of knowledge and provided a change in attitude regarding breath support establishment. This subject finished all three phases of the PARS in the expected time-span. There were observed improvements in body aspects, the articulation was more precise, there was an increase of five half-tones in vocal tessitura, and stability in tuning at the end of the program. In the learning process of singer two, different awareness strategies were deeded. This subject needed a higher number of encounters in development and sedimentation phases in order to learn breath support. The parameters that were improved at the end of the PARS were: breathing, breath coordination while singing, resonance, articulation and vocal tessitura, which increased six half-tones. The process of subject three presented difficulties that were basically related to awareness and anatomic and physiologic limitations. They influenced the subject s not being able to obtain a change in attitude in order to learn breath support. Subject three accomplished the awareness and development phases in a higher number of encounters. The awareness phase was not finished and the subject did not acquire breath support. This singer maintained inadequate parameters at the end of the PARS, with only a discrete improvement in tuning. FINAL COMMENTS: Of the three subjects in this study, two established breath support through the PARS. The learning process for each subject occurred in different ways, despite the diversity of each studied subject. There was a link established between knowing and performing, and this promoted a change in attitude regarding respiratory aspects. As far as the vocal aspects, for two singers there were improvements in resonance, articulation, vocal tessitura and tuning / INTRODUÇÃO: no campo da voz cantada, as relações estabelecidas entre o domínio da respiração e a emissão vocal do cantor sempre foram assuntos geradores de polêmica. Nesse ponto, o apoio respiratório é um dos principais agentes. Vale ressaltar, também, que poucos estudos apresentaram propostas práticas direcionadas para seu aprendizado. OBJETIVO: analisar o Programa de Apoio Respiratório Sonorizado (PARS), criado pelo pesquisador, por meio do processo de aprendizado de três cantores populares. MÉTODOS: foi realizada uma entrevista inicial para seleção, na qual três cantores populares profissionais, com diferentes características, foram escolhidos. O PARS foi desenvolvido, de forma individual, em encontros semanais de uma hora de duração, em três fases complementares (sensibilização, desenvolvimento e sedimentação). Para cada cantor, durante todo o processo, foi elaborado um diário dos encontros e registros em áudio. Também, foram analisados e comparados parâmetros perceptivos da voz, antes do inicio do programa e depois. RESULTADOS: o sujeito um teve um processo de aprendizado que envolveu todos os níveis de conhecimento e promoveu uma mudança de atitude com relação ao estabelecimento do apoio. Esse sujeito concluiu três fases do PARS dentro do período esperado. Foram observadas melhoras nos aspectos corporais, articulação ficou mais precisa, houve ampliação de cinco semitons na tessitura vocal e estabilidade na afinação ao final do PARS. No processo de aprendizado, do segundo cantor, foram necessárias estratégias diferenciadas para a propriocepção. Esse sujeito necessitou de um número maior de encontros nas fases de desenvolvimento e sedimentação para aprender o apoio respiratório. Os parâmetros com mudança positiva, ao final do PARS, foram: respiração, coordenação pneumofonoarticulatória, ressonância, articulação e tessitura vocal, com ampliação de seis semitons. O processo do sujeito três apresentou dificuldades, em relação, basicamente, a propriocepção e a limitações anatomofisiológicas. Essas influenciaram para que o sujeito não conseguisse uma mudança de atitude para o aprendizado do apoio. O sujeito três realizou as fases de sensibilização e desenvolvimento em um número maior de encontros. A fase de sensibilização não foi concluída e o sujeito não adquiriu o apoio respiratório. O cantor manteve parâmetros inadequados ao final do PARS, com apenas uma discreta melhora na afinação. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: dos três sujeitos do estudo, dois estabeleceram o apoio respiratório por meio do PARS. O processo de aprendizado de cada um ocorreu de forma distinta, a despeito da diversidade de cada sujeito pesquisado. Estabeleceu-se um enlace entre o saber e o fazer, de forma a promover uma mudança de atitude com relação aos aspectos respiratórios. Com relação aos aspectos vocais, para dois cantores ocorreram melhoras na ressonância, na articulação, na tessitura e na afinação

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:54:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Santos Fiorott- Parte 1.pdf: 265520 bytes, checksum: 02eca7894817a793ccf029818df1e5c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-13 / Introduction: Mouth breathing pattern in children may have negative physical, psychological and social effects according to the intensity and duration. The relationship between mouth breathing and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is derived from clinical conditions ranging in increasing severity from primary snoring, to upper airway resistance syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The main cause of mouth breathing and SDB is associated to narrowing of the upper airway in varying degrees. This association is of concern due to its immediate or late clinical implications like disturbances in craniofacial growth, behavioral changes, impaired learning and cognitive functions, negatively influencing quality of life. Objective: Assess the prevalence of mouth breathers (MB) and the presence of facial anatomical changes that affect children with SDB, in addition to assessing self-perceived quality of life of MB. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational sample of 687 students from public schools, aged 6-12 years old, evaluated by medical history, clinical examination and lip seal tests. Self-perceived quality of life of MB was obtained through questionnaire (Ribeiro, 2006). Results: In the total sample, 520 (75,7%) students were nasal breathers and 167 (24,3%) were MB. Among MB, 40,1% had obstructive hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils, 26,4% had Mallampati score III and IV, 35,3% has excessive overjet, 23,4% had anterior open bite, 15,6% had posterior crossbite, 53.9% had atresic palate, 35.9% had interlabial gap, 31% reported problems related to sleep and 9,0% reported having the feeling of stop breathing while asleep. Conclusion: The prevalence of facial anatomical and functional changes in mouth breathers students was high, however the self-perception of quality of life was considered good. It is recommended the adoption of public health policies aimed at diagnosis, counseling and treatment of students at this age group, in which the relief of signs and symptoms can promote normal craniofacial growth and reduce future risk of SDB / Introdução: O padrão de respiração bucal em crianças pode gerar repercussões negativas de impacto físico, psicológico e social. A relação da respiração bucal com os distúrbios respiratórios obstrutivo do sono (DROS) é proveniente de condições clínicas que variam em gravidade crescente desde o ronco primário, a síndrome da resistência da via aérea superior até a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. A principal causa da respiração bucal e dos DROS está associada ao estreitamento da via aérea superior em diferentes graus. Essa associação é preocupante por apresentar repercussões clínicas imediatas e/ou tardias de distúrbios no crescimento e desenvolvimento craniofacial, alterações do comportamento, prejuízo do aprendizado e de funções cognitivas, influenciando negativamente a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de escolares respiradores bucais (RB) e a presença de alterações faciais comuns em crianças que apresentam DROS, além de avaliar a autopercepção da qualidade de vida. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, observacional com amostra de 687 escolares, na faixa etária de 6 a 12 anos de idade, matriculados em escolas municipais de ensino fundamental de Vitória, ES, avaliados através de anamnese, exame clínico e testes de permanência de selamento labial. O questionário de qualidade de vida do respirador bucal (Ribeiro, 2006) foi empregado para verificar a autopercepção da qualidade de vida dos escolares diagnosticados com respiração bucal. Resultados: Na amostra total, 520 (75,7%) escolares foram classificados como respiradores nasais (RN) e 167 como RB (24,3%). Dentre os RB, 40,1% apresentaram hipertrofia obstrutiva das tonsilas palatinas, 26,4% apresentaram índice de Mallampati graus III e IV e más oclusões como: sobressaliência exagerada (35,3%), mordida aberta anterior (23,4%), mordida cruzada posterior (15,6%), palato atrésico (53,9%), ausência de selamento labial (35,9%); além de 31% terem relatado problemas relativos ao sono e 9% relataram ter a sensação de parar de respirar enquanto dormia. Conclusão: A prevalência de alterações faciais anatômicas e funcionais nos RB foi elevada, entretanto a autopercepção da qualidade de vida foi considerada boa. Recomenda-se a adoção de políticas de saúde publica visando diagnóstico, orientação e tratamento de escolares nessa faixa etária, na qual o alivio dos sinais e sintomas proporciona o crescimento normal das estruturas craniofaciais e reduz os riscos de DROS no futuro

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PRE TEXTUAIS.pdf: 127112 bytes, checksum: 5eefcd8dfe8d7cdbbea6a7cc5e83298a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this work was to build and to validate an instrument to evaluate the breathing musculature through the difference of the thoracic and abdominal perimeter during the breathing and an evaluation procedure for the same. The study was characterized as experimental research and technological development. The collections were accomplished in the Laboratory of Biomechanics of CEFID/UDESC with 10 healthy individuals, students of CEFID, age between 20 and 30 years. Some of the procedures adopted for the process of validation were the theoretical validity, the experimental validity, the calibration of the sensor and the definition of the procedure to be used in the collections. The prototype was built being used a displacement encoder with digital processing and resolution of 5,9 points/mm. The acquisition of the data was made through the program AmLabII©, that is an acquisition system, processing and storage of signs and data, management events and it works in real time, availabling data in the digital and analogical form. Two collection procedures were accomplished, one in that the measures of PImáx. and PEmáx they were accomplished simultaneously with the measures of thoracic displacement, in spine decubitus, and other in that these measures were done separately, first the pressure measures, in the seated position, and after the displacement, in spine decubitus. To determine the validity and the trustworth of the equipment, being followed the principle of lineal measures; and to the measures of variation of the thoracic and abdominal perimeter obtained for the experimental validity, the descriptive statistics was used ( x , s and CV%). To verify if there was correlation among the measures of variation of the perimeter with the breathing pressures the correlation of Pearson it was applied, with p £ 0,05. The results found in the protocols 1 and 2 indicate that is necessary to reformulate the protocol that will be adopted, in way to optimize the method. In relation to the construction of the prototype, this met the expectations with relationship to the possibility of registering the variation of the width of the thoraco-abdominal movements for the difference of the perimeter. The system presented a high resolution and good linearity of the measures, however, it is needed to accomplish more tests to verify the repeatetibility of the measures and your consistence. With relationship to the procedures adopted in the protocols 1 and 2, it is believed that the instrument and the method are viable, however there is need to verify the number of repetitions adopted is enough and which assists the clinical needs better of the protocols. It was also observed the need of modifying the position adopted for collects of the measures of breathing pressures and of the variation of the thoracoabdominal perimeters, so that are possible more trustworthy comparisons with other methods of breathing evaluation. A correlation significant statiscly wasn´t obtained among the measures of breathing pressures with the variation of the thoraco-abdominal perimeter in the protocol 1, however, being traced the graphs of the pressure by the displacement obtained vii indications of the possibility of obtaining the indulgence. That idea was reinforced starting from the experimental calculation accomplished with a system that simulates the human breathing. However, it is needed more studies to arrive to the ideal number of repetitions and later how to obtain those parameters in humans. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir e validar um instrumento para avaliar a musculatura respiratória através da diferença do perímetro torácico e abdominal durante a respiração e um procedimento de avaliação para o mesmo. O estudo caracterizou-se como pesquisa experimental e de desenvolvimento tecnológico. As coletas foram realizadas no Laboratório de Biomecânica do CEFID/UDESC com 10 indivíduos saudáveis, estudantes do CEFID, com idades entre 20 e 30 anos. Alguns dos procedimentos adotados para o processo de validação do instrumento foram a validade teórica, a validade experimental, a calibração do sensor e a definição do procedimento a ser utilizado nas coletas. O protótipo foi construído utilizando-se um encoder de deslocamento linear com processamento digital e resolução de 5,9 pontos/mm. A aquisição dos dados foi feita através do programa AmLabII©, que é um sistema de aquisição, processamento e armazenamento de sinais e dados, gerencia eventos e trabalha em tempo real, disponibilizando dados na forma digital e analógica. Foram realizados dois procedimentos de coleta, um em que as medidas de PImáx. e de PEmáx foram realizadas simultaneamente com as medidas de deslocamento torácico, em decúbito dorsal, e outro em que estas medidas foram feitas separadamente, as medidas de pressão, na posição sentada, e em seguida as de deslocamento, em decúbito dorsal. Para determinar a validade e a fidedignidade do equipamento, seguindo-se o princípio de medidas lineares; e para as medidas de variação do perímetro torácico e abdominal, obtidas para a validade experimental, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva ( x , s e CV%). Para verificar se houve correlação entre as medidas de variação do perímetro com as pressões respiratórias foi aplicada a correlação de Pearson, com p £ 0,05. Os resultados encontrados nos protocolos 1 e 2 indicam que é preciso reformular o protocolo que será adotado, de forma a otimizar o método. Em relação à construção do protótipo, este correspondeu às expectativas quanto à possibilidade de registrar a variação da amplitude dos movimentos tóraco-abdominais pela diferença do perímetro. O sistema apresentou alta resolução e boa linearidade das medidas, contudo, necessita-se realizar mais testes para verificar a repetitibilidade das medidas e sua consistência. Quanto aos procedimentos adotados, acredita-se que o instrumento e o método são viáveis, porém há necessidade de verificar se o número de repetições adotado é suficiente e qual dos protocolos atende melhor as necessidades clínicas. Também se observou a necessidade de modificar a posição adotada para as coleta das medidas de pressões respiratórias e da variação dos perímetros tóraco-abdominais, para que sejam possíveis comparações mais fidedignas com outros métodos de avaliação respiratória. Não se obteve correlação estatisticamente significativa entre as medidas de pressões respiratórias com as de variação do perímetro tóraco-abdominal no protocolo 1, porém, traçando-se os gráficos da pressão pelo deslocamento obtivemos indícios da possibilidade de obter-se a complacência. Essa idéia foi reforçada a partir do cálculo experimental realizado com o sistema de simulação do sistema respiratório humano. Porém, necessita-se de mais estudos para chegar-se ao número ideal de repetições e posteriormente como obter esses parâmetros em humanos.

No description available.

No description available.