Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoES_Geo.pdf: 1716748 bytes, checksum: dfde8ecb87503e2b9ea1d806c7611e0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-15 / The public and private politics that was implemented in Natal, have always been attracting, great contingent of people in search of employments. However, not always, they can attend the migratory demands. Recently, Nova Parnamirim that is situated in the municipal district of Parnamirim - RN, due to proximity with Natal, it is passing for an intensive and accelerated occupation process impelled by the urban politics that created and they determined new diversities, leaning in the growth of the modern tertiary. In this context, Nova Parnamirim is suffering, along the time, substantial transformations in your espace, so much of nature social as environmental, that are affecting in the quality of your residents' life. This fact is mainly linked in the absence of an appropriate urban planning that have to be considered as an instrument norteador of the development of the city in its constant construction process. The study has as objective to analyze the social-space dynamics of the area and their implications, identifying the principal agents that promote and they benefit of that urbanization process. For the ccomplishment of this research it was executed bibliographical readings that turn of theoretical studies about the urban subjects and enviroments, besides field activities for the rising of the data investigated in the methodological approach / As pol?ticas p?blicas e privadas implementadas em Natal t?m atra?do grande contingente de pessoas em busca de empregos. Contudo, nem sempre, essas pol?ticas podem atender as demandas migrat?rias. Recentemente, Nova Parnamirim, situada no munic?pio de Parnamirim - RN, aliada ? proximidade com Natal, est? passando por um processo de ocupa??o intensivo e acelerado impulsionado pelas pol?ticas urbanas que criaram e determinaram novas diversidades, apoiadas no crescimento do terci?rio moderno. Nesse contexto, Nova Parnamirim vem sofrendo, ao longo do tempo, transforma??es substanciais no seu espa?o, tanto de natureza social quanto ambiental, que est?o se refletindo na qualidade de vida de seus moradores. Este fato est? ligado, principalmente, a aus?ncia de um planejamento urbano adequado que deve ser considerado como um instrumento norteador do desenvolvimento da cidade em seu constante processo de constru??o. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar a din?mica s?cio-espacial da ?rea e suas implica??es, identificando os principais agentes que promovem e se beneficiam desse processo de urbaniza??o. Para a realiza??o desta pesquisa, efetivou-se leituras bibliogr?ficas que versam de estudos te?ricos sobre as quest?es urbanas e ambientais, al?m de atividades de campo para o levantamento dos dados investigados na abordagem metodol?gica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JosePHAF.pdf: 613775 bytes, checksum: 500ca085d0a5196e25de544aae9fb977 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-22 / Unfortunately, the Brazilian politics has been characterized by lack of ethics. In a few exceptions, our representatives often behave in the exercise of power as if they were there to care for their own interests and not public affairs. Despite the dissatisfaction that the situation seems to trigger to society, the electorate does not get to transform their anger into effective gesture in order to withdraw from the public setting people who can not fulfill their mandate at the polls. Instead, the re-election of bad politicians has become commonplace fact. In this study, we proposed to discuss the matter in light of traditional philosophical theories, by selecting exponents of ethical thought from the Ancient Period to the Modern. We put special emphasis on behalf of amorality in Florentine thinker's ideas, to Machiavelli s political doctrine. / Lamentavelmente, a pol?tica brasileira caracteriza-se pela falta de ?tica. Ressalvadas algumas poucas exce??es, nossos representantes costumam comportar-se no exerc?cio do poder como se ali estivessem para cuidar dos pr?prios interesses e n?o da coisa p?blica. A despeito da insatisfa??o que a situa??o parece provocar junto ? boa parte da sociedade, o eleitorado n?o consegue transformar sua indigna??o em gesto efetivo no sentido de retirar da cena p?blica pessoas que n?o sabem honrar o mandato recebido nas urnas. Pelo contr?rio, a reelei??o de maus pol?ticos tornou-se fato corriqueiro. Neste estudo, propusemo-nos a discutir o assunto ? luz das teorias filos?ficas tradicionais, selecionando expoentes do pensamento ?tico do Per?odo Antigo at? o Moderno. Dedicamos especial ?nfase, por conta do amoralismo presente nas ideias do pensador florentino, ? doutrina pol?tica de Maquiavel.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoOA.pdf: 1713095 bytes, checksum: 1ee138883bf7b4da570838f6654b21b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / In the present work we use a plasma jet system with a hollow cathode to deposit thin TiO2 films on silicon substrates as alternative at sol-gel, PECVD, dip-coating e magnetron sputtering techniques. The cylindrical cathode, made from pure titanium, can be negatively polarized between 0 e 1200 V and supports an electrical current of up to 1 A. An Ar/O2 mixture, with a total flux of 20 sccm and an O2 percentage ranging between 0 and 30%, is passed through a cylindrical hole machined in the cathode. The plasma parameters and your influence on the properties of deposited TiO2 films and their deposition rate was studied. When discharge occurs, titanium atoms are sputtered/evaporated. They are transported by the jet and deposited on the Si substrates located on the substrate holder facing the plasma jet system at a distance ranging between10 and 50 mm from the cathode. The working pressure was 10-3 mbar and the deposition time was 10 -60 min. Deposited films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to check the film uniformity and morphology and by X-ray diffraction to analyze qualitatively the phases present. Also it is presented the new dispositive denominate ionizing cage, derived from the active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN), but based in hollow cathode effect, recently developed. In this process, the sample was involved in a cage, in which the cathodic potential was applied. The samples were placed on an insulator substrate holder, remaining in a floating potential, and then it was treated in reactive plasma in hollow cathode regime. Moreover, the edge effect was completely eliminated, since the plasma was formed on the cage and not directly onto the samples and uniformity layer was getting in all sampl / Filmes finos de TiO2 foram depositados sobre substrato de sil?cio usando descarga em c?todo oco. A presente t?cnica foi usada como alternativa a outras t?cnicas como solgel, PECVD, dip-coating e magnetron sputtering. O sistema desenvolvido apresenta uma configura??o de c?todo oco cil?ndrico polarizado com tens?o DC variando entre 0 e 1200V e corrente de at? 1 A. Um jato de plasma de Ar + O2, extrai ?tomos do mesmo, que s?o em seguida depositados sobre um substrato frontalmente posicionado. As amostras s?o posicionadas a dist?ncias do c?todo variando entre 10 e 50 mm. Foram investigadas os par?metros do plasma e sua influ?ncia sobre as propriedades dos filmes depositados. Os par?metros de trabalho para deposi??o de TiO2 foram 20sccm de fluxo da mistura Ar/O2 com percentuais de oxig?nio variando entre 0 -30%, press?o de trabalho 10-3 mbar e tempos de deposi??o de 10 -60 minutos. As amostras foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletr?nica de varredura e microscopia de for?a at?mica para verificar sua uniformidade e morfologia e por difra??o de raios-x para an?lise qualitativa das fases presentes nos filmes. Neste trabalho tamb?m ? apresentado um novo dispositivo, denominado gaiola ionizante, derivada da nitreta??o a plasma em tela ativa (ASPN), mas baseado no efeito de c?todo oco, recentemente desenvolvido. Neste processo as amostras s?o envolvidas por uma gaiola, na qual ? aplicada a diferen?a de potencial, permanecendo em potencial flutuante, sendo tratadas numa regi?o livre da influ?ncia do campo el?trico por um plasma reativo, operando em regime de c?todo oco. Dessa forma foram obtidas camadas uniformes em todas as amostras e eliminados defeitos como o efeito de borda

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElineSC_DISSERT.pdf: 664504 bytes, checksum: b8717b65139d394f647bab467e677d22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-30 / The results of studies about the ideal resistance training intensity for reduction of resting blood pressure levels, as well as this type of training to increase the functional capacity of hypertensive older women are still unclear, since the few investigations usually analyze young individuals normotensive, and the literature lacks precise information in elderly hypertensive subjects. Objectives: To determine the effect of two resistance training intensities on resting blood pressure and the effect of resistance training on functional capacity in elderly women with systemic arterial hypertension, analyzing these variables before and after eight weeks of intervention. Methods: Patients underwent eight weeks of resistance training, with a frequency of three times per week on alternate days, in the afternoon. The exercises performed were: leg press, bench press, knee extension, lat pull-down, knee flexion, shoulder abduction, standing cable hip abduction and biceps curl. Results: It was found that patients who underwent training with moderate resistance, showed a reduction on resting values of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) p<0.03 and of mean arterial pressure (MAP) p<0.03. Patients who underwent mild resistance training showed reduction in resting values of MAP (p<0.03) and a tendency to decrease in DBP (p<0.06). With regard to functional capacity, the results showed significant increase in the strength of arms and legs, agility and aerobic endurance (p<0.001) and maintaining flexibility (p>0.05). Conclusion: The data indicated that both mild and moderate resistance training, even when started in old age, promoted cardiovascular benefits and also improve the functional capacity of hypertensive older women. / Os resultados dos estudos sobre a intensidade ideal do treinamento resistido para redu??o dos n?veis press?ricos de repouso, assim como, desse tipo de treinamento sobre o aumento da capacidade funcional de idosas hipertensas ainda s?o obscuros, uma vez que as poucas investiga??es realizadas geralmente analisam indiv?duos jovens normotensos, sendo a literatura carente de informa??o precisa em sujeitos idosos hipertensos. Objetivos: Verificar a repercuss?o de duas intensidades de treinamento resistido sobre a press?o arterial de repouso al?m do efeito do treinamento resistido na capacidade funcional de idosas portadoras da HAS (hipertens?o arterial sist?mica) analisando estas vari?veis antes e ap?s oito semanas de interven??o. M?todos: As pacientes realizaram oito semanas de treinamento resistido, com freq??ncia de tr?s vezes por semana em dias alternados, no per?odo vespertino. Os exerc?cios realizados foram respectivamente: leg press, supino reto, extens?o de joelhos puxada frontal, flex?o de joelhos, abdu??o de membros superiores, abdu??o unilateral de quadril e rosca direta com barra. Resultados: Verificou-se que as pacientes que realizaram treinamento com resist?ncia moderada, apresentaram redu??o tanto nos valores de repouso da press?o arterial diast?lica (PAD) p<0,03 como na press?o arterial m?dia (PAM) p<0,03. As pacientes que realizaram treinamento leve apresentaram redu??o nos valores de repouso da PAM (p<0,03) e tend?ncia ? redu??o na PAD (p<0,06). Quanto ? capacidade funcional, os resultados mostraram aumento significativo da for?a de membros superiores e inferiores, agilidade e endurance aer?bica (p<0,001) e manuten??o da flexibilidade (p>0,05). Conclus?o: Os dados mostraram que tanto o treinamento resistido moderado quanto o leve, mesmo quando iniciados na terceira idade, promoveram benef?cios cardiovasculares e tamb?m na capacidade funcional de idosas hipertensas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgesWSO_DISSERT.pdf: 1009426 bytes, checksum: 8893e2a5a8e365ecfa26bba101b66dcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-31 / INTRODUCTION: Cardiac and pulmonary manifestations of the Chagas disease (CD) affect between 20-30% of the infected subjects. The chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) has some peculiarities such as arrhythmias and, especially heart failure (HF) and is potentially lethal due to left ventricular dysfunction. How respiratory disorders, patients get progressive loss of functional capacity, which contributes to a poor quality of life related to disease. Measurements of lung volume by the movement of the chest wall surface are an alternative evaluation of lung function and kinematics of complex thoracoabdominal for these patients. OBJECTIVE: evaluate the kinematics of the thoracoabdominal complex through the regional pulmonary volumes and to correlate with functional evaluation of the cardiorrespiratory system in patients with Chagas disease at rest. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a cross-section study with 42 subjects had been divided in 3 groups, 15 composed for patients with CCC, 12 patients with HF of different etiologies and 15 healthful presented control group. An optoelectronic plethysmography (POE), Minnesota questionnaire, six minute walk test, spirometer and manovacuometer was used. RESULTS: It was observed in the 6MWT where group CRL presented greater distance 464,93?44,63m versus Group HF with 399,58? 32,1m (p=0,005) and group CCC 404?68,24m (p=0,015), both the groups presented difference statistics with regard to Group CRL. In the manovacuometer 54,59?19,98; of the group CCC and 42,11?13,52 of group IC found group CRL presented 81,31?15,25 of the predicted versus, presenting in relation to group CRL. In the POE it observed a major contribution in abdominal compartment in patients with IC if compared like CCC and control groups. On the basis of the questionnaire of quality of life of Minessota, verified a low one groups CCC and IC 43,2?15,2 and 44,4?13,1, respectively (p<0,05) when compared with the control group (19,6?17,31). CONCLUSION: it seems that the patients with CCC possess same functional and respiratory characteristics, observed for the POE, 6MWT, manovacuometer and spirometer to the patients of group HF, being able to consider similar interventions for this complementary group as therapeutical of this neglected disease / INTRODU??O: As manifesta??es pulmonares e card?acas da Doen?a de Chagas (DC) afetam entre 20 a 30% dos indiv?duos infectados. A Cardiomiopatia Chag?sica Cr?nica (CCC) possui algumas particularidades tais como arritmias e, principalmente a Insufici?ncia Card?aca (IC), sendo potencialmente letal devido a disfun??o ventricular esquerda. Como altera??es respirat?rias, os pacientes adquirem progressivo preju?zo da capacidade funcional, o que contribui para uma pobre qualidade de vida relacionada ? doen?a. As medidas dos volumes pulmonares atrav?s do movimento da superf?cie caixa tor?cica surgem como alternativa de avalia??o da fun??o pulmonar e da cinem?tica do complexo t?raco-abdominal para estes pacientes. OBJETIVO: analisar a cinem?tica do complexo t?raco-abdominal atrav?s dos volumes pulmonares regionais e correlacionar com avalia??o funcional do sistema cardiorrespirat?rio em pacientes com Doen?a de Chagas durante o repouso. MATERIAIS E M?TODOS: estudo transversal com 42 sujeitos que foram alocados em 3 grupos, sendo 15 composta por pacientes com CCC, 12 pacientes com IC de diferentes etiologias e 15 idosos saud?veis. Foi utilizado um pletism?grafo opto eletr?nico (POE), question?rio de Minessota, teste de caminhada 6 minutos, espirometria e manovacuometria. RESULTADOS: Observou-se no TC6min onde o grupo idosos apresentou maior dist?ncia percorrida 464,93?44,63m vs Grupo IC com 399,58? 32,1m (p=0,005) e grupo CCC 404?68,24m (p=0,015), ambos os grupos apresentam diferen?a estat?stica com rela??o ao Grupo Idosos. Na manovacuometria o grupo idosos apresentou 81,31%?15,25 do predito vs 54,59%?19,98 do grupo CCC e 42,11%?13,52 do grupo IC, apresentando (p<0,05) em rela??o ao grupo Idosos. Na POE observou-se uma maior contribui??o do compartimento abdominal no grupo IC o que n?o aconteceu com os grupos CCC e controle. Com base no question?rio de qualidade de vida de Minessota, verificou-se um baixo escore nos grupos CCC e IC 43,2?15,2 e 44,4?13,1, respectivamente (p<0,05) quando comparados ao grupo controle (19,6?17,31). CONCLUS?O: os dados sugerem que os pacientes com CCC possuem mesmas caracter?sticas funcionais e respirat?rias, observadas pela POE, TC6min, manovacuometria e espirometria aos pacientes do grupo IC, a capacidade funcional apresentou-se diminu?da, podendo considerar interven??es semelhantes para esse grupo como terap?utica complementar dessa doen?a negligenciada

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreaCG_DISSERT.pdf: 1728950 bytes, checksum: 9313bae1012ec9efe12c3287e841bbf7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / Background: The Pilates Method is a modality of exercise that has been growing in recent decades, but few researches has been conducted with elderly and little is known about its benefits in this population. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a program of Mat Pilates exercises in muscle performance and postural balance in elderly women. Materials and Method: This is a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the muscle performance (isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 3 Pro?) and postural balance (Balance Master System?) of 33 women aged 65-80 years. The experimental group (EG) participated of a 12-week program of Mat Pilates exercises with two weekly sessions. Data normality was verified by the Shapiro - Wilk test and were adopted p value < 0.05 as significance level. Results: There were no differences between groups after training. However, the EG showed an increase in the values of extension and flexion average power to 60 ? / s after training (32.19 W to 37.04 W and 14.48 W to 17.56 W, respectively). Conclusion: The proposed exercise program was not effective in the total work and average power of flexor and extensor of the knee, as well as static and dynamic balance of participants / Contextualiza??o: O M?todo Pilates ? uma modalidade de exerc?cio f?sico que vem crescendo nas ?ltimas d?cadas, por?m poucas pesquisas foram conduzidas com indiv?duos idosos e pouco se sabe sobre seus benef?cios nesta popula??o. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa de exerc?cios de Pilates em solo no desempenho muscular e no equil?brio postural de mulheres idosas. Materiais e M?todo: Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico controlado randomizado que avaliou o desempenho muscular (dinam?metro isocin?tico Biodex System 3 Pro?) e o equil?brio postural (Balance Master System?) de 33 mulheres na faixa et?ria de 65 a 80 anos. O grupo experimental (GE) participou de um programa de 12 semanas de exerc?cios de Pilates em solo com duas sess?es semanais. A normalidade dos dados foi verificada pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk e adotou-se o p valor < 0,05 para n?vel de signific?ncia. Resultados: N?o houve diferen?as entre os grupos ap?s o treinamento. Por?m, as idosas do GE apresentaram aumento nos valores de pot?ncia m?dia extensora e flexora a 60?/s ap?s o treinamento (de 32,19W para 37,04W e de 14,48W para 17,56W, respectivamente). Conclus?o: O programa de exerc?cios proposto n?o foi efetivo no trabalho total e na pot?ncia m?dia dos m?sculos flexores e extensores de joelho, bem como no equil?brio est?tico e din?mico das participantes

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ManueleJP_DISSERT.pdf: 8595681 bytes, checksum: 21b0e2fec0eba2959c163029302ae3a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / Objective: To evaluate the acute effects of static stretching before and after isokinetic exercise, neuromuscular and biomechanical properties of muscles Biceps Femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST). Methods: Eighty-nine volunteers of both genders, healthy and physically active, with a mean age of 22.52 ? 2.6 years and mean BMI 23.86 ? 3.2 kg/m? were randomized into 4 groups: Control Group (CG) made only one Protocol Exercise (PE) without performing the stretching, the Experimental Group 1 (EG1) did stretching before PE; EG2 did the stretching after PE and EG3 did stretching before and after PE. The volunteers were evaluated on the following variables: Range of motion (ROM), soreness, dynamometric variables concentric and eccentric, Neuromuscular Latency Time (NLT) and electromyographic. In the data analysis was assigned a significance level of 5%. Results: ADM and TLNM reported significant reduction in CG, but remained unchanged in GE with p<0,05 and p<0,01, respectively. As for the soreness, no differences between the groups. The electromyographic activity of the BF and ST, in the concentric phase, showed a significant decrease in all groups (p<0,01). However, in the eccentric phase, ST revealed reduction in all groups (p <0.01), except for the CG, while the BF remained unchanged in all groups. The PT showed significant reduction in both conditions (concentric and eccentric) for all groups, with no difference between them (p<0,01). Conclusion: The results of this study do not favor the use of static stretching, even of short duration, before physical activity. However, after exercise or at times unrelated to the sport, he should be given with the aim of avoiding muscle shortening / Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos agudos do alongamento est?tico, antes e ap?s exerc?cio isocin?tico, nas propriedades neuromusculares e biomec?nicas dos m?sculos B?ceps Femoral (BF) e Semitend?neo (ST). Metodologia: Oitenta e nove volunt?rios de ambos os g?neros, saud?veis e fisicamente ativos, com idade m?dia de 22,52 ? 2,6 anos e IMC m?dio de 23,86 ? 3,2 kg/m2 foram distribu?dos aleatoriamente em um dos 4 grupos: o Grupo Controle (GC) fez apenas um Protocolo de Exerc?cio (PE) sem a realiza??o do alongamento; o Grupo Experimental 1 (GE1) fez alongamento antes do PE; o GE2 fez alongamento ap?s o PE e o GE3 fez alongamento antes e ap?s o PE. Os volunt?rios foram avaliados quanto ?s seguintes vari?veis: Amplitude de Movimento Articular (ADM), sensa??o dolorosa, vari?veis dinamometricas conc?ntricas e exc?ntricas, Tempo de Lat?ncia Neuromuscular (TLNM) e atividade eletromiogr?fica. Na an?lise dos dados foi atribu?do um n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Resultados: A ADM e o TLNM apresentaram significativa redu??o no GC, mas permaneceram inalterados nos GE com p<0,05 e p<0,01, respectivamente. Quanto ? sensa??o dolorosa n?o houve diferen?as entre os grupos. A atividade eletromiogr?fica do BF e ST, na fase conc?ntrica, apresentou uma diminui??o significativa em todos os grupos (p<0,01). Por?m, na fase exc?ntrica, o ST revelou redu??o para todos os grupos (p<0,01), exceto para o GC, enquanto o BF permaneceu sem altera??o em todos os grupos. O PT apresentou redu??o significativa nas duas condi??es (conc?ntrica e exc?ntrica) para todos os grupos, sem diferen?a entre eles (p<0,01). Conclus?o: Os resultados encontrados neste estudo n?o favorecem a utiliza??o do alongamento est?tico, mesmo que de curta dura??o, antes da atividade f?sica. Por?m, ap?s os exerc?cios, ou em momentos sem rela??o com o esporte, ele deve ser indicado com intuito de evitar o encurtamento muscular

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoMVS_DISSERT.pdf: 1040063 bytes, checksum: 766940b0097dd943c6d99b09073ebe7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-13 / The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of laser therapy on neuromuscular performance in healthy subjects after a muscle fatigue. This is a clinical trial, controlled, randomized, blinded, attended by 80 volunteers of both genders, healthy, with ages between 18 to 28 years. Initially the volunteers performed an initial evaluation (EV1) using electromyography in the biceps muscle, associated with assessment in isokinetic dynamometry with 5 concentric contractions (60 ?/s) for elbow flexion. The subjects were randomly allocated into 4 groups: G1 (control, n = 20), G2 (placebo, n = 20), G3 (pre-fatigue laser, n = 20), and G4 (post fatigue laser, n = 20). The muscular fatigue protocol had 30 concentric isokinetic contractions (120 ?/s). We used a 808 nm laser, power of 100 mW, applied at the belly of the biceps muscle. After the speeches the volunteers performed a final evaluation (EV2). Test was applied to two-way ANOVA with post hoc Turkey, with a significance level of 5%. There was no significant difference in electromyographic evaluation. In dynamometric evaluation showed a drop in peak torque, peak torque normalized to body weight (p <0.001) and average power (p <0, 05) between the initial and final evaluations in control. Among the groups there was a significant difference between the control and the other groups in relation to peak torque (p <0.05), peak torque to body weight (p <0.001) and average power (p <0.05). Therefore, the low intensity laser therapy does not alter the immediate neuromuscular performance after fatigue / O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar os efeitos imediatos da laserterapia sobre o desempenho neuromuscular em sujeitos saud?veis, ap?s um protocolo de fadiga muscular. Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico, controlado, randomizado e cego, no qual participaram 80 volunt?rios de ambos os g?neros, ativos, com faixa et?ria entre 18 ? 28 anos. Inicialmente os volunt?rios realizaram uma avalia??o inicial (AV1), utilizando a eletromiografia do b?ceps braquial, associado ? avalia??o por dinamometria isocin?tica, com 5 contra??es conc?ntricas (60?/s) para flex?o de cotovelo. Os sujeitos foram alocados randomicamente em 4 grupos: o G1 (n=20), controle, G2 (n=20), placebo, o G3 (n=20), laser pr?-fadiga e o G4 (n=20), laser p?s-fadiga. O protocolo de fadiga muscular possu?a incluiu 30 contra??es isocin?ticas conc?ntricas (120?/s). Foi utilizado um laser de 808 nm, pot?ncia de 100 mW, energia total de 20 J, aplicado no ventre do m?sculo b?ceps braquial. Ap?s as interven??es os volunt?rios realizaram uma avalia??o final (AV2). Foi aplicado o teste de Anova two-way, com post-hoc de Turkey, com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. N?o existiu diferen?a significativa na avalia??o eletromiogr?fica. Na avalia??o dinamom?trica observou-se uma queda do Pico de Torque, Pico de torque normalizado pelo peso corporal (p<0,001) e Pot?ncia m?dia (p<0,05), entre as avalia??es inicial e final no grupo controle. Observou-se diferen?a significativa entre o controle e os demais grupos, em rela??o ao pico de torque (p<0,05), pico de torque pelo peso corporal (p<0,001) e pot?ncia m?dia (p<0,05). Assim, a laserterapia de baixa intensidade n?o alterou o desempenho neuromuscular ap?s a fadiga nesses sujeitos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioSS_DISSERT.pdf: 1009224 bytes, checksum: 11ff4662d4d8985817935b34117dbf5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Our aim was to investigate the effects of an aerobic training program on adverse and early left ventricle (LV) remodeling, using an experimental model of short-term type 1 diabetes (T1D). Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD) and trained diabetic (TD). T1D was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). The training program consisted of 4 weeks running on a treadmill (13 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week). At the end of the experiments, hearts were collected for analysis of morphology and transcriptional profile of LV, by focusing on its remodeling. Deaths were recorded during the 4-week period. We verified high mortality among animals of DS group, whereas it was significantly reduced in DT group. DS group also showed an increase in cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes and fibrosis. TD group exhibited reduction in measures of cardiac trophism, but with respect to collagen content, it was similar to CS group. Analysis of gene expression related to cardiac remodeling revealed decreased expression of collagen I and III, as well as low expression of MMP-2 in DS group. TD group showed decreased levels of mRNA for MMP-9, and unchanged gene expression of MMP-2 when compared with the CS group. The expression of MMP-2 and TGF-&#61538;1 were increased in CT group. The ratio between gene expression of collagen I and III was increased in the CT group and decreased in diabetic groups. These results establish early changes of the structure and transcriptional profile of LV myocardium. Moreover, they indicate that aerobic exercise training plays specific protection against mechanisms responsible for cardiac damage observed in T1D / Nosso objetivo foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento aer?bio sobre o remodelamento adverso e precoce do ventr?culo esquerdo (VE), utilizando modelo experimental de curto prazo de diabetes tipo 1 (DM1). Ratos Wistar foram divididos em 4 grupos: controle sedent?rio (CS), controle treinado (CT), diab?tico sedent?rio (DS) e diab?tico treinado (DT). O DM1 foi induzido por estreptozotocina (45 mg/kg). O programa de treinamento consistiu em 4 semanas de corrida em esteira (13 m/min, 60 min/dia, 5 dias/semana). Ao fim dos experimentos, os cora??es foram coletados para analise da morfologia e do perfil transcricional do VE, com foco em seu remodelamento. Os ?bitos foram registrados durante as 4 semanas. Verificamos alta mortalidade entre os animais do grupo DS, enquanto que esta foi significativamente reduzida no grupo DT. O grupo DS apresentou aumento na ?rea de sec??o transversa dos cardiomi?citos e fibrose. O grupo DT exibiu redu??o das medidas de trofismo card?aco, mas com rela??o ao conte?do col?geno, foi similar ao grupo CS. As an?lises de express?o de genes ligados ao remodelamento card?aco revelaram redu??o na express?o dos col?genos I e III, al?m de baixa express?o da MMP-2, no grupo DS. O grupo DT apresentou diminui??o dos n?veis de mRNA para MMP-9, e express?o g?nica de MMP-2 inalterada, se comparado ao grupo CS. As express?es da MMP-2 e do TGF-&#61538;1 foram aumentadas no grupo CT. A raz?o entre express?o g?nica dos col?genos I e III mostrou-se elevada no grupo CT e reduzida nos grupos diab?ticos. Esses resultados estabelecem altera??es precoces da estrutura e do perfil transcricional do VE. Ainda, indicam que o treinamento aer?bio exerce prote??o espec?fica contra mecanismos respons?veis pelo dano card?aco observado no DM1

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-21T21:56:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JohnnatasMikaelLopes_TESE.pdf: 2253087 bytes, checksum: 8ea5a4600233d33c90a661541ca7dba5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-23T21:44:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JohnnatasMikaelLopes_TESE.pdf: 2253087 bytes, checksum: 8ea5a4600233d33c90a661541ca7dba5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-23T21:44:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JohnnatasMikaelLopes_TESE.pdf: 2253087 bytes, checksum: 8ea5a4600233d33c90a661541ca7dba5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-27 / Os dist?rbios do sono s?o caracterizados por altera??es no ciclo sono-vig?lia. Os estudos relativos ?s condi??es do sono e suas repercuss?es na popula??o brasileira s?o em sua grande maioria de contexto cl?nico, reduzindo a representatividade dos achados. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar fatores biol?gicos/sa?de, comportamentais e sociais associados com as queixas de redu??o da fun??o reparadora do sono (FRS), ins?nia e sonol?ncia excessiva diurna (SED) na popula??o brasileira assim como os efeitos destas queixas na ocorr?ncia de morte e eventos cardio-cerebrovasculares em idosos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em dois delineamentos. O primeiro foi uma an?lise de dados transversais oriundos da Pesquisa Nacional de Sa?de de 2013. Neste delineamento visava-se estimar a ocorr?ncia da redu??o da FRS, queixas de ins?nia e sonol?ncia excessiva e suas associa??es. O segundo desenho trata-se de uma coorte prospectiva de idosos comunit?rios com linha base em 2009, dividida em grupo de expostos ?s queixas de ins?nia e sonol?ncia e n?o expostos, para estimar seus efeitos sobre a mortalidade e eventos cardiovasculares, em oito anos de seguimento. As an?lises dos dados transversais ocorreram atrav?s de modelagem de Cox com a inclus?o dos pesos amostrais no c?lculo das estimativas e para os dados prospectivos aplicou-se modelagem de Poisson. Adotou-se um ??0,05. O estudo foi submetido ao Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa do Hospital Onofre Lopes, recebendo o parecer 2.048.708. Os resultados do primeiro estudo indicam que aproximadamente 28,2% (IC95%:27,4%-29,0%) dos adultos e 34,1% (IC95%:32,6%-35,7%) em idosos relatam queixas de ins?nia e sonol?ncia. A FRS estava reduzida em 34,1% (IC95%:32,6%-35,7%) em adultos e 29,2% (IC95%:27,2%-30,6%) nos idosos. As queixas de ins?nia/SED foram relatadas em 28,2% (IC95%: 27,4%-29,0%) nos adultos e 34,1% (32,6%-35,7%) no idosos. Nos adultos, a redu??o da FRS associa-se com as mulheres (RPaj1=1,12; IC95%: 1,05-1,20/ RPajus2=1,22; IC95%:1,09-1,37), baixos estratos sociais DE (RPaj1=1,21;1,07-1,35, RPaj2=1,42;1,18-1,71) e C (RPaj1=1,30;1,12-1,50), sintomas depressivos (RPaj1=3,22;2,94-3,52/RPaj=3,29;2,83-3,83), oscila??o comportamental (RPaj1=1,51;1,41-1,63/ RPaj2=1,66;1,46-1,89), m? percep??o de sa?de geral (RPaj=1,32;1,20-1,38/ RPaj2=2,30;1,92-2,75), m? percep??o de sa?de bucal (RPaj=1,11;1,04-1,19), ter condi??o cr?nica de sa?de (RPaj1=1,23;1,15-1,31/ RPaj2=1,42;1,26-1,61), ter queixas de ins?nia/SED (RPaj1=2,47;2,28-2,67/ RPaj2=3,03;2,66-3,47), possuir atividade laboral (RPaj1=1,32;1,23-1,42/ RPaj2=1,27;1,13-1,44)e morar em zona urbana (RPaj2=1,31;1,10-1,55). Baixo peso (RPaj1=0,82;0,69-0,98), estilo de vida saud?vel (RPaj1=0,91;0,83-0,99/ RPaj2=0,74;0,64-0,87) e reduzido apoio social (RPaj1=0,88;0,80-0,96) s?o inversamente associados a redu??o da FRS em adultos. Em idosos, a redu??o da FRS associa-se com a ra?a/cor branca (RPaj2=1,18;1,01-1,39), dificuldade em atividades di?rias (RPaj1=1,13;1,01-1,27/ RPaj2=1,36;1,12-1,65), usar computador/internet (RPaj1=1,14;1,01-1,30) e, assim como nos adultos, sintomas depressivos (RPaj1=3,37;2,87-3,97/ RPaj2=3,77;2,88-4,96), oscila??o comportamental (RPaj1=1,75;1,53-1,99/ RPaj2=1,81;1,46-2,24), m? percep??o de sa?de geral (RPaj1=1,50;1,23-1,82/ RPaj2=3,12;2,31-4,21), regular percep??o de sa?de bucal (RPaj=1,21;1,08-1,37), ter condi??o cr?nica de sa?de (RPaj2=1,58;1,11-2,40), ter queixas de ins?nia/SED (RPaj1=2,45;2,14-2,79/ RPaj2=3,46;2,77-4,33), ter apoio social (RPaj1=1,14;1,01-1,30) e morar em zona urbana (RPaj2=1,32;1,02-1,72). O delineamento prospectivo revelou 40 (25,97%:19,04-32,89) mortes no per?odo e 48 (30,76%:23,52-38,01) eventos cardio-cerebrovasculares. Os homens apresentaram maior risco (RR=1,88; 1,01-3,50) de morte. A depress?o (RR=2,04;1,06-3,89), gravidade da ins?nia (RR=2,39;1,52-4,56) e lat?ncia do sono entre 16-30 minutos (RR=3,54;1,26-9,94) e 31-60 minutos (RR=2,23;1,12-4,47) aumentam o risco de morte independentemente em idosos comunit?rios. Os eventos cardio-cerebrovasculares foram preditos apenas por idosos hipertensos e/ou diab?ticos (RR=8,30;1,98-34,82). As queixas de redu??o da FRS, ins?nia e sonol?ncia atingem quase um ter?o da popula??o brasileira e est? intimamente relacionada ?s condi??es emocionais, cronicidade e urbaniza??o. As queixas de gravidade da ins?nia e a dificuldade de iniciar o sono parecem aumentar a mortalidade em idosos, juntamente com sintomas depressivos. / Sleep disturbances are characterized by changes in the sleep-wake cycle. Studies on sleep conditions and their repercussions on the Brazilian population are mostly in the clinical context, reducing the impact of the findings. The aim was to identify biological/health, behavioral and social factors associated with complaints of reduction of sleep repair function (SRF), insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the Brazilian population, as well as the effects of these complaints on the occurrence of death and cardio-cerebrovascular events in the elderly. The study was developed in two designs. The first was an analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Health Survey of 2013. This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of reduced SRF, complaints of insomnia and excessive sleepiness and their associations. The second design is a prospective cohort of community-based older adults in 2009, divided into a group of exposed to insomnia and EDS and unexposed complaints, to estimate their effects on mortality and cardiovascular events at eight years follow-up. The cross-sectional data analyzes were performed using Cox modeling with inclusion of sample weights in the estimation of the estimates and for the prospective data, Poisson modeling was applied. It was adopted ??0.05. The study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Onofre Lopes, receiving opinion 2,048,708. The results of the first study indicate that approximately 28.2% (95% CI: 27.4% -29.0%) of adults and 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in the elderly report complaints of insomnia and drowsiness. Sleep RF was reduced by 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in adults and 29.2% (95% CI: 27.2% -30.6%) in the elderly. Complaints of insomnia/EDS were reported in 28.2% (95% CI: 27.4% -29.0%) in adults and 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in the elderly. In adults, the reduction of RF stands out in relation to women (PRadj1=1.12; 95%CI:1.05-1.20/PRadj2=1.22; 95%CI:1.09-1,37), low social strata DE (PRadj1=1.21; 1.07-1.35/PRadj2=1.42;1.18-1.71) and C (PRadj1=1.30;1.12-1.50), depressive symptoms (PRadj1=3.22;2.94-3.52/PRadj2=3.29;2.83-383), emotional behavioral oscillation (PRadj1=1.51;1.41-1.63 /PRadj2=1.66;1.46-1.89), bad general health perception (PRadj1= 1.32;1.20-1.38 / PRadj2=2.30;2.05-2.90), bad perception of oral health (PRadj1=1.11;1.04-1.19), chronic health condition (PRadj1=1.23;1.15-1.31/PRadj2=1.42;1.26-1.61), insomnia/EDS complaints (PRadj1=2.47:2.28-2.67/PRadj2=3.03;1.23-1.42), livening urban areas (PRadj2=1.31;1.101.5). Low weight (PRadj1=0.82;0.690.98), healthy life style (PRadj1=0.91:0.830.99/PRadj2=0.74;0,64-0,87) and low social support (PRadj1=0.88;0.80-0.96) are inversely associated with reduction of RF in adults. In the elderly, the reduction in RF is associated with white (PRadj2=1.18;1.01-1.39), daily activities difficulty (PRadj1=1.13;1.01-1,27/PRadj2=1.36;1,12-1,65), use computer/internet (PRadj1=1.14;1.01-1.30) and, as well as in adults, depressive symptoms(PRadj1=3.37;2.87-3.97/PRadj2=3.77;2.88-4.96), behavioral oscillation (PRadj1=1.75;1.46-2.24), bad general health perception (PRadj1=1.50;1.23-1.82/PRadj2=3,12;2,31-4,21), regular oral health perception (PRadj=1.21;1.08-1.37), chronic health condition (PRadj1=1.58;1.11-2.40), insomnia/EDS complaints (PRadj1=2.45;2.14-2.79/PRadj2=3.46;2.77-4.33), social support (PRadj1=1.14;1.01-1.30) and living in urban areas (PRadj2=1.32;1.02- 1.72). The prospective design revealed 40 (25.97%;19.04-32.89) deaths in the period and 48 (30.76%;23.52-38.01) cardio-cerebrovascular events. Men presented higher risk (RR=1.88;1.01-3.50) of death. Depression (RR=2.04; 1.06-3.89), insomnia severity (RR=2.39;1.52-4.56) and sleep latency between 16-30 minutes (RR=3.54;1.26-9.94) and 31-60 minutes (RR=2.23;1.12-4.47) increase the risk of death independently in community-dwelling elderly. Cardiovascular events were predicted only by hypertensive and/or diabetic elderly (RR=8.30;1.98-34.82). The complaints of RFS reduction, insomnia/EDS affect almost a third of the Brazilian population and are closely related to emotional conditions, chronicity and urbanization. Complaints of insomnia severity and difficulty in initiating sleep seem to increase mortality in the elderly along with depressive symptoms.