This thesis is focused on processes of warehousing of chemicals of the lead logistics provider in the Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to analyse legislative and safety requirements for warehousing of chemicals in the Czech Republic. An audit, which determines the correctness of warehousing, makes a suggestion and gives advice not only on the warehouse equipment but also on the whole process of warehousing of chemicals, is made on the basis of ascertained information. The first part of thesis describes legislative sources and safety requirements for work performance with chemicals. The second part is focused on the audit of warehousing itself. The risks, which appear on the workplace, are described there, as well as making suggestions of their elimination. The final chapter is dedicated to the improvement of warehouse safety.

No description available.

Literature’s role in the foreign language classroom has been extensively researched, and the benefits of enjoyable reading firmly established. But could teachers benefit from a new perspective in the form of Critical Literacy Pedagogy when choosing and teaching literary works? Critical Literacy Pedagogy, CLP, is a method of critically examining literature to detect possible power structures e.g. concerning ethnicity and gender. This study examines how teachers and students value a number of criteria and aspects in connection to what literature is used in the class. Two empirical web-based questionnaire surveys were conducted on a total of 23 teachers and 42 students in upper secondary school in Sweden. The results are primarily presented quantitatively with the complement of excerpts from the written answers to the open-ended questions, and has then analyzed with the help of CLP, to see if the method has a possible role in EFL-teaching in upper secondary school in Sweden.   In the present study, the participating teachers valued practical characteristics, such as level of difficulty, higher than conceptual characteristics, such as the sexual orientation of an author or character, when choosing what literary works to teach. These ratings were seen as problematic when compared to the teachers’ concrete exemplifications of taught works. Moreover, both teachers and students rated the possibility of critical and ethical discussion very highly in regard to the chosen works. A comparison between the ratings and the exemplified works indicate that CLP could be a valuable method when choosing what literature to teach.

O Controlador Lógico Programável foi criado na década de 70 para automatizar o acionamento seqüencial de relés em linhas de manufatura, controle e automação de processos do tipo liga/desliga. Eram então equipamentos isolados e dedicados a uma tarefa específica. Os CLP’s evoluíram e hoje incorporam recursos de controle analógico em processos contínuos, estão integrados aos outros equipamentos da fábrica na hierarquia de controle e podem ser facilmente re-configurados através de programação remota em redes industriais proprietárias. O surgimento da Internet e de redes corporativas semelhantes (Intranet) tornou possível o acesso remoto aos equipamentos de controle dos processos usando uma arquitetura aberta. Neste contexto, a Web, com sua interface gráfica intuitiva e universal, é muito indicada para a supervisão remota de processos de chão-de-fábrica. Como equipamentos importantes em automação industrial, os CLP’s seguem essa tendência adquirindo acessibilidade pela Web. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma IHM (Interface Homem-Máquina) de supervisão de um CLP implementado em software (SoftPLC) em controle de um processo simulado através de uma interface WWW. A proposta servirá também como incentivo a projetos futuros para implementação de uma interface de configuração com CLP real. / The Programmable Logical Controller was introduced in the 70's to replace the relay logic in manufacturing lines and in on/off control. They were devices isolated and dedicated to one specific task. The PLC's evolution introduced analog control capabilities for continuous processes and integrated them with other devices in the factory's control hierarchy, which can be remotely reconfigured through proprietary industrial networks. The appearance of the Internet and similar corporate networks (Intranets) made it possible to remotely access control devices through an open architecture. The browser and its intuitive graphical interface is a natural appeal to the remote supervision of processes in the plant. As important industrial automation equipment, the PLC follow this trend and acquire web accessibility. The objective of this work is the development of a supervising MMI (Man-Machine Interface) using the Web for a SoftPLC in control of a simulated process . It will also be an incentive to the future development of a dedicated configuration module for a real PLC.

<p>This thesis describes an optimising compiler for translating from SMV to CLP(B). The optimisation is aimed at reducing the number of required variables in order to decrease the size of the resulting BDDs. Also a partitioning of the transition relation is performed. The compiler uses an internal representation of a FSM that is built up from the SMV description. A number of rewrite steps are performed on the problem description such as encoding to a Boolean domain and performing the optimisations. </p><p>The variable reduction heuristic is based on finding sub-circuits that are suitable for reduction and a state space search is performed on those groups. An evaluation of the results shows that in some cases the compiler is able to greatly reduce the size of the resulting BDDs.</p>

Incineration of waste is increasing in the EU. However, in the incineration process, both fly and bottom ash materials are generated as waste that requires further action. A common goal throughout Europe is to find ways to utilize ash materials in an environmentally and economically efficient manner in accordance with the current legislation. This legislation is the Waste Framework Directive (WFD) which lists essential properties (H-criteria) to classify waste, as hazardous or not. Of these criteria, ecotoxicity (H-14) should be classified based on the wastes’ inherent hazardous properties. The WFD further states that this classification should be based on the Community legislation on chemicals (the CLP Regulation). Today, there are no harmonized quantitative criteria for the H-14 classification in the WFD, but there is a proposal from the EU on a computing model that summarizes all the measured elements classified as ecotoxic in the solid material. However, there may be a poor relationship between the theoretical ecotoxicity, based on analysed individual elements, and their actual contribution to the measured total toxicity. Therefore, to reduce the risk of incorrectly assessing the hazard potential, the overall aim of this doctoral Thesis was to develop a scientifically well-founded basis for the choice of leaching methodology and ecotoxicity testing for the H-14 classification of ash materials in Europe. In Paper I, different ash materials were classified, two leaching methods were compared and the sensitivity as well as the usefulness of a selected number of aquatic ecotoxicity tests were evaluated. Paper III and IV studied different leaching conditions, relevant for both hazard classification and risk evaluation of ash. Moreover, all four papers investigated potentially causative ecotoxic elements in the ash leachates. The results from this Thesis show that elements not classified as ecotoxic in the chemical legislation have a significant influence on the overall toxicity of the complex ash materials and will be considered if using the approach with ecotoxicity tests on ash leachates, but not if using the computing model. In addition, the approach of comparing chemically analysed elements in the solid ash with literature toxicity data for the same elements systematically over-estimates the hazard potential. This emphasizes the importance of using leaching tests in combination with ecotoxicity tests for the ecotoxicity classification of ash materials, at least if the aim is to fully understand the inherent hazard potential of the ash. To conclude, the recommendation for H-14 classification of ash is that leachates should be prepared using the leaching test and conditions evaluated in Paper III and that the generated leachates should be tested in a battery of test organisms representing a wide range of biological variation and different routes of exposure. This classification proposal has support in the CLP Regulation and contributes to harmonizing the waste and chemical legislation. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

Ftalater är ett ämne som har till syfte att verka mjukgörande i plast. Ftalater finns i flera material och produkter i vår omgivning t ex i leksaker, elektronik, textilier och i inredningsmaterial. De problem som uppkommer i samband med användandet av ftalater i produkter är att ftalaterna inte är kovalent bundna till sitt material och därmed kan dessa frigöras ut i luft och damm. Flera ftalater är klassade som hormonstörande ämnen och kan påverka flera viktiga funktioner i kroppen. Barn är en extra känslig grupp då flera av deras organ ännu inte är färdigutvecklade och är beroende av ett fungerande endokrint system.   Barn spenderar en stor del av sin vardag på förskolan och det ställer krav på deras inomhusmiljö. Studier visar på att koncentrationerna av ftalater är 2-4 gånger så hög i förskolans inomhusmiljö som i hemmiljön. Med tanke på att barn har flera organsystem under utveckling är det viktigt att fasa ut onödiga källor för exponering av ftalater.   Arbetets syfte är att kartlägga ftalater i inomhusmiljön på förskolor i Växjö kommun och att undersöka pedagogers medvetenhet kring ämnet. Arbetet utgår från tidigare vetenskapliga artiklar och en enkätundersökning som personal på 46 förskolor i Växjö kommun har besvarat.   Studier som undersökt inomhusmiljöer visar på att det förekommer höga koncentrationer av ftalater som är begränsade enligt REACH-förordningen. Då ftalater finns i flera produkter blir det många olika exponeringskällor och det gör det viktigt att fasa ut onödiga källor för att minska koncentrationen av ftalater i luft och damm. De mest intressanta resultat som kommit fram via enkätundersökningen är att det förekommer plastgolv i de flesta lokaler, elektronik finns i de rum där barnen spenderar mest tid och att barn använder “vuxna leksaker” såsom äldre elektronik, väskor och skor. Ett resultat som visar att barn lever i en allt mer vuxen miljö med produkter som är avsedda för vuxna. Sådana produkter täcks inte in av de begränsningar som REACH-förordningen skapat och täcks inte heller av de nya leksaksdirektiven.   Förskolepedagogerna uppger sig vara medvetna om ämnet ftalater men ändå visar undersökningen att det finns en rad olika brister i kunskap. Det är därför viktigt att öka kunskapen och medvetenheten kring ämnet för att på så sätt fasa ut onödiga källor för exponering av ftalater.

Levels of macromolecules fluctuate both spatially and temporally in individual cells. Such heterogeneity could be exploited for bet hedging in uncertain environments, or be suppressed by negative feedback if perturbations are deleterious. For the master stress-response regulator in Escherichia coli, RpoS, both of these scenarios have been suggested. RpoS levels are also exceedingly low and controlled by the ClpXP protease, which reportedly displays extreme spatial heterogeneity. However, little is known quantitatively about RpoS dynamics. This is partly because no functional protein fusions exist, but also because the quantitative tools for studying fluctuations and localizations are limited, particularly ones that can be independently validated. Here I develop such methods and begin applying them to RpoS. Protein localization measurements increasingly rely on fluorescent protein fusions and are difficult to verify independently. I designed a non-intrusive method for validating localization patterns in live bacterial cells by exploiting post-division heterogeneity in downstream processes. Applying this assay to the ClpXP protease, widely reported to form biologically relevant foci, revealed in fact that the protease molecules are not specifically localized inside cells, as confirmed by four independent methods. I further evaluated 20+ commonly used fluorescent reporters and found that many cause severe mislocalization when fused to homo-oligomers, likely due to avidity effects. Further reinvestigating other foci-forming proteins strongly suggests that the previously reported foci were all caused by the fluorescent proteins used. For mRNAs – which are often present in low numbers per cell and major sources of non-genetic heterogeneity – existing single-cell assays have unknown accuracy: the experimental counting errors could completely over-shadow the natural variation. I therefore optimized and cross-evaluated two single-molecule mRNA detection methods. Several problems were identified and solutions discussed. I succeeded in building a functional RpoS protein fusion, and used bulk methods to show that the RpoS feedback loop is effectively not operating during exponential- phase growth. Mathematical analyses and initial experiments in a microfluidic device further suggest that the RpoS system has several unusual properties contributing towards extremely fast stress response. A stochastic analysis further suggests that the RpoS feedback loop cannot suppress spontaneous fluctuations, and preliminary experiments indicate that large deviations might indeed play important roles.

Thesis (Ph.D. in Microbiology) -- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-160). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T13:20:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FabricioRooseveltMeloDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 12566402 bytes, checksum: d3f722d0746536b7850d988ebea66e60 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-14T13:01:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FabricioRooseveltMeloDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 12566402 bytes, checksum: d3f722d0746536b7850d988ebea66e60 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T13:01:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabricioRooseveltMeloDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 12566402 bytes, checksum: d3f722d0746536b7850d988ebea66e60 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo a adequa??o de uma esta??o de tratamento de ?gua, atrav?s do desenvolvimento e a implanta??o de um sistema de automa??o e supervis?o voltado para produ??o de ?gua purificada para fins farmac?uticos. A ?gua tem import?ncia fundamental na ind?stria farmac?utica, participa dos processos de limpeza de materiais e superf?cies, al?m de ser utilizada como ve?culo em formula??es, exigindo uma s?rie de especifica??es f?sico-qu?mica e microbiol?gicas. O processo de purifica??o da ?gua deve passar rotineiramente por um controle de qualidade r?gido e deve possuir um processo industrial conciso, automatizado e eficiente, de acordo com a legisla??o vigente. A utiliza??o de redes de automa??o e sistemas supervis?rios est? longe de ser novidade em qualquer tipo de ind?stria, por?m, neste caso, a planta industrial objeto de estudo n?o utilizava estas ferramentas. Para atingir o objetivo proposto fez-se a implementa??o de uma rede de comunica??o industrial entre os equipamentos da planta, atrav?s de uma rede padr?o MODBUS, uma rede instrumental com sinal de corrente el?trica e uma rede padr?o Ethernet. Concentrou-se os dados de leituras das vari?veis dos equipamentos no CLP mestre, este por sua vez ligado a um sistema SCADA. Este SCADA fornece ao operador uma vis?o panor?mica do processo, informando-o em tempo real o comportamento das vari?veis provenientes das etapas do processo, facilitando qualquer interven??o ou mudan?a no sistema. Os dados mais importantes s?o armazenados diariamente em arquivos na esta??o do SCADA, ficando dispon?veis para futuras auditorias ou durante a valida??o anual da planta, comprovando a efic?cia e seguran?a de todo o sistema. / This document propose the adequace of a water treatment station, through the development and implementation of an automation and supervision system for purified water production used in the manufacture of medicines. Water is of fundamental importance in the pharmaceutical industry, it participates in the cleaning processes of materials and surfaces, as well as being used as a carrier in formulations, requiring a series of physicochemical and microbiological specifications. The process of water purification must routinely pass through a strict quality control and must have a concise, automated and efficient industrial process, according to the current legislation. The use of automation networks and supervisory systems is far from novelty in any type of industry, however, in this case, the industrial plant under study did not use these tools. In order to reach the proposed objective, an industrial communication network was implemented between the plant equipments, through a MODBUS default network, an electric current signal instrument network and an Ethernet network. The variables input data of equipaments were concentrated in the master PLC, which was connected to a SCADA system. This SCADA provides the operator with a panoramic view of the process, informing it in real time the behavior of the variables from the process steps, facilitating any intervention or change in the system. The most important data is stored daily in files at the SCADA station, becoming available for future audits or during the annual validation of the station, proving the effectiveness and security of the entire system.