Thesis (Ph. D.)--Murdoch University, 2003. / Title from t.p. of PDF document (viewed on Apr. 17, 2005). Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-239).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 153 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-153). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Forskning visar att hjälplöshet och hopplöshet är betydelsefulla faktorer för förståelse av depression och ångest. Enligt Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (CATS) är känslor av hjälplöshet och hopplöshet dessutom prediktiva för psykopatologi. Hjälplöshet definieras som den inlärda förväntan att egen ansträngning inte kan åstadkomma skillnad, och hopplöshet som att egen ansträngning leder till försämring. Den här studien undersökte relationen mellan hjälplöshet/hopplöshet och depression/ångest genom att besvara (1) vad som karaktäriserade individer med hög hjälplöshet och hopplöshet avseende kön, ålder, utbildningsnivå, depressions- och ångestsymtom (2) till vilken utsträckning depression och ångest kunde förklara hjälplöshet och hopplöshet (3) om hjälplöshet och hopplöshet kunde förutsäga risken att utveckla depression och ångest, utöver den risk som ett tidigare depressions- eller ångesttillstånd innebar. För att beräkna samtidig och prediktiv relation mellan hjälplöshet/hopplöshet och depression/ångest användes tvärsektionell data från 3406 deltagare och longitudinell data från 2336 deltagare. All data insamlades med enkäten Miljörelaterade frågor om vår hälsa i Västerbotten år 2010 och 2013. Hjälplöshet/hopplöshet och depression/ångest mättes med Theoretically Originated Measure of the Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (TOMCATS) respektive Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Resultatet visade att den grupp som hade högst skattningar på både hjälplöshet och hopplöshet utmärktes av signifikant högre skattningar i psykopatologi, en större andel personer i åldrarna 70-79 år, samt en överrepresentation av personer som inte studerat vidare efter grundskola. Resultatet gav stöd åt en negativ korrelation mellan hjälplöshet/hopplöshet och utbildningsnivå, där associationen mellan låg utbildning och hjälplöshet/hopplöshet var tydligare än mellan hög utbildning och hjälplöshet/hopplöshet. Vidare samvarierade hjälplöshet och hopplöshet med depression och ångest. Depressionssymtom hade större samvariation med hjälplöshet och hopplöshet än vad ångestsymtom hade. Hjälplöshet hade större samvariation med depressions- och ångestsymtom, än hopplöshet. Hjälplöshet var en bättre prediktor för både ångest och depression än vad hopplöshet var. Det bedömdes att hjälplöshet/hopplöshet inte bidrog med någon kliniskt relevant förklarad varians eller ökad risk för diagnos utöver vad ett tidigare psykopatologiskt tillstånd medförde. / Research shows that helplessness and hopelessness are important factors for the understanding of depression and anxiety. According to Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (CATS), feelings of helplessness and hopelessness are predictors of psychopathology. Helplessness is defined as the learned expectation that one’s own effort cannot achieve desired change, and hopelessness that self-effort leads to worsening of the situation. This study investigated the relationship between helplessness/hopelessness and depression/anxiety by answering (1) what characterized individuals with high helplessness and hopelessness regarding gender, age, education level, depression and anxiety symptoms (2) to what extent depression and anxiety could explain helplessness and hopelessness (3) if helplessness and hopelessness could predict the risk of developing depression and anxiety, more than a previous state of depression or anxiety could. To calculate the concurrent and predictive relationship between helplessness/hopelessness and depression/anxiety, cross-sectional data were used from 3406 participants as well as longitudinal data from 2336 participants. All data were retrieved from the Västerbotten Enviromental Health Study in 2010 and 2013. Helplessness/hopelessness and depression/anxiety were measured with Theoretically Originated Measure of the Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (TOMCATS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results showed that the group that had the highest estimates of both helplessness and hopelessness were characterized as having significantly higher estimates of psychopathology, a greater proportion of people aged 70-79 years, and an over-representation of people not progressed beyond primary school. The results support a negative correlation between helplessness/hopelessness and education, for which the association between low education and helplessness/hopelessness was stronger than between high education and helplessness/hopelessness. Helplessness and hopelessness co-varied with depression and anxiety. Symptoms of depression had higher correlation with helplessness and hopelessness compared to symptoms of anxiety. Helplessness had higher correlation with symptoms of depression and anxiety, compared to hopelessness. Helplessness was a better predictor of both anxiety and depression compared to hopelessness. Helplessness/hopelessness did not seem to contribute to clinically relevant explained variance or increased risk of diagnosis in addition to a previous psychopathological condition.

<p>The purpose of this science of Art History research paper is to find out the meaning of Cats in Art. I have limited my studies to the Nationalmuseums picture gallery and found forty paintings with cats. I have chosen sixteen of these to furthur analyze typographically and chronologically from a symbolic perspective. The forty paintings from the Nationalmuseum were created during four centuries, with the first being painted in the Sixteenth Century. I have studied the cats dimensional placement in the picture, if the cat is in an outdoor or indoor environment, with people and if the cat is active or passive. I have studied which color the cat has in the motive, if it is painted on the left or right side of the picture and if the cat as at symbol enhances the motives.</p>

The thesis is an exploratory study of the gap between accounting research and financial reporting practices. The fundamental issue is that comprehensive accounting theories (CATs) have been largely disregarded in the formation of financial reporting practices. To understand why this should be so, the thesis studies continuously contemporary accounting (COCOA), the CAT associated with the Australian scholar Raymond John Chambers. The thesis adopts a hyperbolic reading of actor-network theory (ANT), which treats ANT on its own terms rather than diluting it by reference to other interpretive approaches. The thesis uses a single case-study approach that traces how Chambers developed what was to become COCOA throughout his life. Archival data and interviews, as well as primary and secondary literature, inform the empirical narrative. The narrative focuses on six distinct episodes: the publication of Chambers' first academic article in 1955, the debate and events that followed this article, attempts to influence financial reporting practices in the US in the 1960s, the publication of Chambers' most comprehensive statement on COCOA in 1966, further attempts to influence financial reporting practices in the US, UK, and Australia in the 1970s, and three instances where financial statements were prepared in accordance with COCOA in the 1970s. Through the empirical narrative, the thesis contributes to knowledge about the gap between accounting research and financial reporting practices by studying an actual CAT and the attempts of its proponent to change conventional thinking. What emerges is a nuanced narrative about COCOA filled with various actors, not normally associated with accounting research, that nonetheless turn out to be vital to the success of COCOA.

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da dexmedetomidina, associada ou não à bupivacaína, na raquianestesia de fêmeas felinas submetidas à ovariohisterectomia. Foram utilizadas 34 gatas, jovens e adultas, sem raça definida, saudáveis submetidas a anestesia inalatória com isofluorano e aos seguintes tratamentos, após distribuição aleatória: grupo bupivacaína (GB) - raquianestesia com a bupivacaína isolada (0,5 mg/kg), grupo dexmedetomidina (GD) - raquianestesia com dexmedetomidina (1 mcg/kg) e grupo de dexmedetomidina bupivacaína (GDB) - raquianestesia com dexmedetomidina (1 mcg/kg) e bupivacaína (0,5 mg/kg). Após a indução da anestesia e manutenção com isofluorano, os animais foram posicionados em decúbito lateral direito para punção subaracnoide realizada no espaço lombossacro com agulha espinhal 25G. Os animais foram mantidos em decúbito dorsal até o final do procedimento cirúrgico e os atributos fisiológicos foram avaliados no período pré, trans e por 3 horas no período pós-operatório. Nenhum animal apresentou arritmia ou hipotensão arterial. O GDB apresentou redução significativa da frequência cardíaca e incremento pressórico quando comparado ao GB (p&lt;0,01). Não houve diferença significativa no consumo de fentanil e no requerimento de isofluorano entre os grupos durante o procedimento cirúrgico. Na dose e diluição empregadas, a bupivacaína não determinou bloqueio motor significativo. As associações utilizadas promoveram analgesia adequada no período pós-operatório. O GDB apresentou maior grau de sedação durante parte da recuperação da anestesia (90min) (p&lt;0,05), sem aumento no tempo de extubação. A adição da dexmedetomidina à bupivacaína na raquianestesia não aumentou o bloqueio motor e sensitivo; entretanto aumentou o grau de sedação dos animais promovendo melhor qualidade na recuperação anestésica sem deflagrar complicações cardiorrespiratória ou neurológica. / The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine, associated or not to bupivacaine, on spinal anesthesia in female felines submitted to ovariohysterectomy. Thirty four mixed breed healthy cats, young and adult, underwent inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane and the following treatments, after random distribution: bupivacaine group (BG) - spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine alone (0.5 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine group (DG) - spinal anesthesia with dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg). and dexmedetomidine/bupivacaine group (DBG) - spinal anesthesia with dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg) and bupivacaine (0.5 mg/kg). After anesthetic induction and maintenance with isoflurane, the animals were positioned in the right lateral recumbency for subarachnoid puncture performed in the lumbosacral space with a 25G spinal needle. The animals were kept in dorsal recumbency until the end of the surgical procedure and the physiological parameters were assessed in the pre, trans and 3 hours postoperative period. No animal presented arrhythmia or arterial hypotension. DBG presented a significant reduction in heart rate and pressure increase when compared to BG (p &lt;0.01). There was no significant difference in fentanyl consumption and in the isoflurane requirement between groups during the surgical procedure. At the dose and dilution used, bupivacaine did not determine significant motor blockage. The associations used promoted adequate analgesia in the postoperative period. DBG had a higher degree of sedation during part of the anesthetic recovery (90min) (p &lt;0.05), without an increase in extubation time. The addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia did not increase motor and sensory blockage; however, it increased the sedation level of the animals, promoting better quality of anesthetic recovery without triggering cardiorespiratory or neurological complications.

A dermatofitose é micose superficial desencadeada, principalmente, pelo Microsporum canis e de ocorrência comum nos felinos da raça Persa. Objetivou-se no presente estudo avaliar e comparar a melhora clínica e negativação micológica nos animais tratados com a terbinafina em pulsoterapia em relação a terapia contínua; evidenciar o acúmulo de terbinafina no pelame e o tempo em que o fármaco permanece em doses terapêuticas após a suspensão de sua administração; correlacionar a melhora clínica com a quantificação do fármaco no pelame; comparar a ocorrência de efeitos colaterais em pulsoterapia em relação a terapia contínua.. Foram incluídos nesse estudo, 27 gatos da raça Persa, 17 portadores assintomáticos e 10 sintomáticos do M. canis, o Grupo I foi composto por 13 fêmeas tratadas em pulsoterapia. Durante os primeiros sete dias a terbinafina foi administrada na dose de 20 mg/kg a cada 24 horas por via oral, seguidos por um período de suspensão da medicação pelos 21 dias subseqüentes, posteriormente foi realizado um segundo ciclo de sete dias, na dose de 40 mg/kg a cada 24 horas, novamente seguidos por um período de suspensão do fármaco nos 21 dias posteriores. O Grupo 11 foi constituído por 14 machos, que receberam terapia contínua, durante 56 dias. Nos primeiros 28 dias foi administrada a dose de 20 mg/kg a cada 24 horas por via oral e nos 28 dias subseqüentes a dose foi aumentada para 40 mg/kg diários. Os animais foram submetidos à duas colheitas de pelame pela Técnica do carpete com intervalo de 15 dias, anteriormente e posteriormente à terapia. Também eram realizadas colheitas de pelame nos dias zero, sete, 28, 35 e 56 dias para realização da quantificação das concentrações de terbinafina no pelame dos animais tratados, pela cromatografia líquida de alta performance (HPLC). Quinzenalmente, colhia-se sangue para realização de função hepática. Houve cura clínica e micológica em 100% dos animais tratados, as concentrações de terbinafina no pelame dos gatos se mantiveram acima daquelas consideradas terapêuticas por 21 dias após a pulsoterapia de sete dias, tanto na dose de 20, quanto na dose de 40 mg/kg diários, mas ocorreu maior acúmulo do fármaco na dose mais alta em terapia contínua, todavia esses animais apresentaram episódios eméticos na primeira semana de terapia, além de aumento da atividade sérica das transferases e da fosfatase alcalina. Já no grupo da pulsoterapia, não houve aumento da atividade sérica das enzimas hepáticas. A terbinafina foi eficaz e segura no tratamento de portadores sintomáticos e assintomáticos de M. canis. / Dermatophytosis is a superficial mycosis caused mainly by Microsporum canis and is very common in Persian cats. The goals of this study were: to evaluate the clinical and mycological cure in the animais treated with terbinafine in pulse therapy compared with continuous therapy; the accumulation of terbinafine in cats hair and the time that it is maintained in therapeutical concentrations after its suspension; correlates the clinical cure with the quantity of the drug in the hair and compare the side effects in pulse therapy in relation to continuous therapy. In this study were included 27 Persian cats, 17 healthy carriers of M. canis and 10 cats with dermatophytosis. The group I was composed of 13 females treated with pulse therapy, during the first seven days in the dosis of 20 mg/kg, daily, followed by a period of suspension of the medication for 21 days, subsequently, it was realized a new cycle of therapy, more seven days of terbinafine in the dosis of 40 mg/kg daily, repeating a period of suspension for another 21 days . The group 11 was composed of 14 males, that received continuous therapy, during 56 days, in the first 28 days they received the oral dosis of 20 mg/kg daily and 40 mg/kg daily for the next 28 days. The animais were submitted to two mycological cultures collected by the carpet square method with 15 days of interval, before and after the therapy. It was realized also manual avulsion of the cats hair for the quantification of terbinafine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the days zero, seven, 28, 35 and 56. Every 15 days, blood samples were taken for hepatic function evaluation. There were clinical and mycological cure in 100% of treated animais; the concentrations of terbinafine in cats hair were maintained above therapeutical concentrations in pulse therapy in the dosis of 20, and also in 40 daily oral administration, but there was a higher accumulation of the drug when it was used in the higher dosis in continuous therapy. Although were seen emesis in the first week of therapy, and also higher serical activities of hepatic enzymes. There were no alterations in the values of AL T and FA in the pulse therapy group. Terbinafine had good efficacy and was secure for the treatment of healthy carriers of M. canis and also in animais with dermatophytosis.

Com objetivo de avaliar a eficácia da criocirurgia no tratamento de neoplasias de pele e/ou partes moles de cães e gatos, foram utilizados 40 animais, 27 cães e 13 gatos de raças e idades variadas encaminhados ao Serviço de Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais do Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo. Foram tratadas 57 lesões utilizando-se o nitrogênio líquido por meio da técnica do spray, destas 17 (29,83%) foram caracterizadas como neoplasia epitelial benigna, 22 (38,60%) neoplasia epitelial maligna, 4 (7,01%) neoplasia mesenquimal benigna, 10 (17,54%) neoplasia mesenquimal maligna, 3 (5,27%) não neoplásicos e 1 (1,75%) não caracterizado. Houve remissão total de 49 (85,96%) lesões em 32 (80%) animais. Diante destes resultados pode-se concluir que a criocirurgia foi eficaz no tratamento de tumores de pele e/ou partes moles de cães e gatos. / With the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of cryosurgery in the treatment of skin and soft tissue neoplasias of the dogs and cats it was used 40 animals, 27 dogs and 13 cats of differents ages and breeds referred to the Surgery Service of Small Animals of the Veterinary Hospital of the University of São Paulo. Fifty seven lesions were treated with the spray technique using liquid nitrogen. 17 (29,83%) were benign epithelial lesions, 22 (38,60%) malignant epithelial lesions, 4 (7,01%) benign mesenchymal lesions, 10 (17,54%) malignant mesenchymal lesions, 3 (5,27%) not neoplasia, 1 (1,75%) not characterized. There was total remission of the 49 (85,96%) lesions in 32 (80%) animals. It was concluded that the cryosurgery was effective to treat skin and/or soft tissue tumor of the dogs and cats.

O hipertireoidismo é a endocrinopatia mais prevalente em felinos. Sua incidência vem aumentando nos últimos anos em todo mundo embora ainda seja pouco frequente no Brasil. Estudos evidenciam que gatos com manifestações clínicas da endocrinopatia têm baixa suspeição da doença pelos clínicos comparado a prevalência da mesma. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar as opiniões e experiências de médicos veterinários brasileiros acerca da abordagem e manejo de felinos com hipertireoidismo por meio de um questionário com 22 perguntas sobre o tema. Foram respondidos 1113 questionários, onde 535 (48%) dos veterinários disseram realizar a palpação da tireoide em todos os gatos que atendem. Perda de peso (89,2%), hiperatividade (82,8%) e polifagia (81,6%) foram as manifestações clínicas mais reconhecidos pelos clínicos. E, 747 (61,1%) solicitam o T4 total como exame endocrinológico de triagem para realizar o diagnostico. Houve associação (p<0,001) entre frequência de palpação, nível de conhecimento, ter curso de especialização e tempo de formação com a quantidade de casos atendidos e o tempo para realizar o diagnostico. A radioiodoterapia foi o tratamento escolhido como padrão ouro por 619 (55,6%), seguido do tratamento medicamentoso 385 (34,6%) e cirúrgico 66 (5,9%). Porém, no momento de indicar, 642 (57,7%) escolhem o medicamentoso, 340 (30,5%) a radioiodoterapia e 84 (7,5%) o cirúrgico. A principal limitação para a escolha da radioiodoterapia foi o custo, por 825 (74,1%) dos clínicos. Pôde-se observar que os veterinarios que consideram conhecer bem a doença e aqueles especilizados em felinos são os que agem em maior compatibilidade com a literatura; e, portanto, o conhecimento sobre a doença pode ser um importante fator limitante na prevalência da doença no Brasil. / Hyperthyroidism is the most prevalent endocrinopathy in felines. Its incidence has been increasing in the world in the last years. Although it is still uncommon in Brazil. Studies show that cats with clinical signs of the endocrinopathy have low suspicion of the disease by the clinicians compared the prevalence of the same. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the opinions and experiences of Brazilian veterinarians about the approach and management of cats with hyperthyroidism through a questionnaire with 22 questions on the subject. A total of 1113 questionnaires were answered, where 535 (48%) of the veterinarians said to perform the thyroid palpation on all the cats they attend. Weight loss (89.2%), hyperactivity (82.8%) and polyphagia (81.6%) were the clinical signs most recognized by clinicians. And, 747 (61.1%) requested the total T4 as screening test to perform the diagnosis. There was an association (p<0.001) between palpation frequency, knowledge level, specialization course and graduation time with the number of cases attended and the time to perform the diagnosis. Radioiodinetherapy was chosen as the gold standard for 619 (55.6%), followed by drug treatment 385 (34.6%) and surgery 66 (5.9%). However, 642 (57.7%) indicate the drug, 340 (30.5%) radioiodinetherapy and 84 (7.5%) the surgical. The main limitation for the choice of radioiodinetherapy was the cost, for 825 (74.1%) of clinicians. Veterinarians who consider knowing the disease well and those specialized in felines are those that act in greater compatibility with the literature; and therefore, knowledge about a disease may be an important limiting factor in the prevalence of the disease in Brazil.