This dissertation considers an unfamiliar but fundamental aspect of late-medieval art: the role of documentation. Documents played as critical a part in that society as they do in our own. In late-medieval consciousness, the charter loomed as large as the sacred image, and documentation mattered no less than devotion—while the two also had a profound and inextricable connection. Discussion begins with three principal arguments, explained in detail in the first chapter: 1. The materials of documentation are part of the history of art; and accordingly, art-historical methods render an important contribution to diplomatics. 2. Documents are an important subject of representation; and accordingly, works of art are important sources for the cultural reception of documentary practices. 3. Documents are an important model for representation; and, consequently, an understanding of the paradigmatic role of the document suggests an alternative dimension to the interpretation of late-medieval art. The chapters that follow pursue these arguments through the analysis of individual works of art—charters, seals, archival manuscripts, liturgical manuscripts, architecture, and sculpture. These chapters also include a study of one of the great monuments of English gothic art: the Sherborne Missal, produced c.1400 for the Benedictine abbey of Sherborne. Ideas of documentation constitute critical aspects both of the Missal’s subject matter and its modes of representation, and these “documentary” elements also relate closely to the larger ideological project of the Missal’s creators. As details of the manuscript’s patronage, illumination, liturgy, inscriptions, and codicology all demonstrate, its creators associated documentation with central religious ideas about devotional images and the eucharist—essentially, the nature of valid representation and effective action. In keeping with the regional and institutional context of this principal study, the other objects discussed come primarily from English religious institutions. That context, however, by no means implies that the importance of documentation is limited either to England or to the conventual sphere, although it manifests itself differently from place to place and from one estate to another. The studies in this thesis represent only one example of where its arguments might lead, and what its approach might reveal in other works of art. / History of Art and Architecture

Dieses Buch verdankt sein Entstehen zwei Gründen. Zunächst ist es die Absicht, die an versteckter Stelle befindlichen Urkunden und Aktenabschriften des historischen Pfarrarchivs St. Nikolai der Fachwelt zugänglich zu machen. Außerdem möge diese Urkundensammlung dazu beitragen, die überregionale Bedeutung der Stadt Geithain weiter aufzuhellen und ihren Platz in der Landesgeschichte zu festigen. Insofern richtet sich das Buch sowohl an den interessierten Historiker als auch an den gebildeten Laien. Es enthält eine Fülle von Ereignissen zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte der Mark Meißen bzw. des Herzogtums Sachsen vom 12. bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts, die in der Mehrzahl bisher noch nicht im Druck vorliegen.

Dieses Buch verdankt sein Entstehen zwei Gründen. Zunächst ist es die Absicht, die an versteckter Stelle befindlichen Urkunden und Aktenabschriften des historischen Pfarrarchivs St. Nikolai der Fachwelt zugänglich zu machen. Außerdem möge diese Urkundensammlung dazu beitragen, die überregionale Bedeutung der Stadt Geithain weiter aufzuhellen und ihren Platz in der Landesgeschichte zu festigen. Insofern richtet sich das Buch sowohl an den interessierten Historiker als auch an den gebildeten Laien. Es enthält eine Fülle von Ereignissen zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte der Mark Meißen bzw. des Herzogtums Sachsen vom 12. bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts, die in der Mehrzahl bisher noch nicht im Druck vorliegen.

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The reconfiguration of public education around free-market aims means each charter school must define its product, and its product features, around marketability - specifically their school's pedagogical practices, aims, and goals. Yet how these are defined may not align with how teachers perceive of the aims and goals of teaching. This in turn impacts how individual teachers make meaning of their roles within a school culture, and how they talk about what the purposes and practices of teaching are for them. This descriptive phenomenological study explores how one group of teachers at an urban charter school react to phenomena (including how the various product features of their school are presented) and how they make meaning of the prominent concepts in contemporary school reform, including teacher autonomy, accountability, failure, choice, and equity. This study also examines how, and how broadly, these perceptions are shared among these teachers, and how these concepts are internalized by them. One key finding from this study was agreement among these teachers around the idea of equity, as each of the study participants defined equity in the same way. This research contributes to the literature on the evolving process of teacher professional identity development in urban charter schools, and also has implications for research on teacher retention and training. / Urban Education

"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maître en droit (LL.M.)" / Le présent mémoire soulève divers questionnements face au traitement singulier qu'a reçu l'âge en tant que motif prohibé de discrimination, sous la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne du Québec et la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. Ainsi, nous verrons que même si la discrimination fondée sur l'âge n'est pas à strictement parler « autorisée », elle est néanmoins souvent jugée acceptable. Tout d'abord, nous procéderons à une revue générale et synthétique des notions de discrimination et de droit à l'égalité, telles qu'elles sont prévues par les articles 10 de la Charte québécoise et 15 de la Charte canadienne. Ensuite, nous évoquerons un certain nombre de limites législatives qui ont été apportées à ces droits et qui peuvent constituer des obstacles importants dans la lutte effective contre la discrimination fondée sur l'âge. Enfin, nous nous permettrons de faire quelques réflexions critiques, afin de souligner comment la perspective particulière qu'ont adoptée les juges dans l'étude des questions relatives à la discrimination fondée sur l'âge a pu introduire un certain nombre d'incohérences au sein de la logique plus générale qui se dégage de l'ensemble de la jurisprudence portant sur le droit à l'égalité. / The present Master's Thesis raises questions regarding the singular treatment to which "age" has been subjected as a prohibited ground of discrimination, under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom and the Quebec Charter of Rights and Freedoms. We will see that even though age discrimination is not strictly "authorised", it is nonetheless often held to be acceptable. First, we will synoptically review the concepts of discrimination and equality which emanate from section 10 of the Quebec Charter and section 15 of the Canadian Charter. Then, we will identify a certain number of legislative limits which affect these rights, and may constitute significant obstacles in the effective fight against age discrimination. Finally, we will allow ourselves to advance sorne critical thoughts, highlighting how the peculiar perspective thatjudges have taken in age discrimination matters has introduced non sequiturs in the overall logic that can be drawn from the more general equality jurisprudence.

Le présent mémoire soulève divers questionnements face au traitement singulier qu'a reçu l'âge en tant que motif prohibé de discrimination, sous la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne du Québec et la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. Ainsi, nous verrons que même si la discrimination fondée sur l'âge n'est pas à strictement parler « autorisée », elle est néanmoins souvent jugée acceptable. Tout d'abord, nous procéderons à une revue générale et synthétique des notions de discrimination et de droit à l'égalité, telles qu'elles sont prévues par les articles 10 de la Charte québécoise et 15 de la Charte canadienne. Ensuite, nous évoquerons un certain nombre de limites législatives qui ont été apportées à ces droits et qui peuvent constituer des obstacles importants dans la lutte effective contre la discrimination fondée sur l'âge. Enfin, nous nous permettrons de faire quelques réflexions critiques, afin de souligner comment la perspective particulière qu'ont adoptée les juges dans l'étude des questions relatives à la discrimination fondée sur l'âge a pu introduire un certain nombre d'incohérences au sein de la logique plus générale qui se dégage de l'ensemble de la jurisprudence portant sur le droit à l'égalité. / The present Master's Thesis raises questions regarding the singular treatment to which "age" has been subjected as a prohibited ground of discrimination, under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom and the Quebec Charter of Rights and Freedoms. We will see that even though age discrimination is not strictly "authorised", it is nonetheless often held to be acceptable. First, we will synoptically review the concepts of discrimination and equality which emanate from section 10 of the Quebec Charter and section 15 of the Canadian Charter. Then, we will identify a certain number of legislative limits which affect these rights, and may constitute significant obstacles in the effective fight against age discrimination. Finally, we will allow ourselves to advance sorne critical thoughts, highlighting how the peculiar perspective thatjudges have taken in age discrimination matters has introduced non sequiturs in the overall logic that can be drawn from the more general equality jurisprudence. / "Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maître en droit (LL.M.)"

Orientador: Claudinei Magno Magre Mendes / Banca: Sezinando Luiz Menezes / Banca: Jose Carlos Barreiro / Resumo: Tendo em mente o debate historiográfico acerca da questão agrária brasileira, ainda que com um conhecimento superficial acerca do mesmo, e acompanhando as discussões atuais acerca do problema da terra em nosso país, sentimos a necessidade de nos aprofundar no entendimento da questão, buscando melhor compreender a organização e evolução da propriedade fundiária em nosso território. Por essa razão, escolhemos como objeto de estudo para nossa pesquisa um tema que se inserisse no contexto do período colonial brasileiro, mais precisamente no início do processo de colonização destas terras, e que, ao mesmo tempo, fosse capaz de nos mostrar o cerne da questão da formação da propriedade no Brasil. Dessa maneira, repousamos nosso olhar para a instituição do sistema de sesmarias no território brasileiro, sistema ao qual alguns estudiosos atribuem a responsabilidade pela criação de grandes propriedades fundiárias no Brasil e a conseqüente desigualdade social que assolava o país no século XX. Nosso objetivo nesse trabalho é analisar a implantação do sistema de sesmarias no início do período colonial, enxergando esse sistema como um modelo político administrativo que criou as bases para a organização de uma nova sociedade. Para tanto, usaremos como fontes as Cartas e Forais de doação das Capitanias Hereditárias no Brasil, pois entendemos que estes documentos nos permitem compreender o mecanismo de funcionamento desse modelo de administração e economia, além de nos permitir entender a mentalidade dos homens daquele período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que documentos como as Cartas de Doação de terras e os Forais que legitimavam essas doações no período colonial brasileiro apresentam-se como fontes valiosas para alcançarmos nossos objetivos / Abstract: Mindful of the historiographical debate about the Brazilian agrarian question, though with a superficial knowledge about it, and following the current discussions about the land problem in our country, we feel the necessity to deepen the understanding of the issue, seeking to better understand the organization and evolution of land ownership in our territory. For this reason, we chose as the object of our research to study a subject that is within the context of the Brazilian colonial period, more precisely early in the process of colonization of these lands, and that the same time, were able to show us the real issue of the formation of property in Brazil. Thus, we rest our eyes to the institution of the system of allotments in the Brazilian territory, a system to which some scholars attribute the responsibility for the creation of large land holdings in Brazil and the resulting social inequality that has plagued the country in the twentieth century. Our goal in this paper is to analyze the implementation of the system of land grants in the early colonial period, seeing this as a model system that created the political and administrative bases for organizing a new society. To this end, we will use as sources of the Letters and Charters of donation of the Hereditary in Brazil, because we understand that these documents allow us to understand the mechanism of functioning of this model of administration and economy, and enable us to understand the mentality of the men of that period. We therefore believe that documents such as letters of donation of land and the Charters that legitimized these donations during the colonial period are presented as valuable resources to achieve our goals / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:54:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_lmp_me_assis.pdf: 467689 bytes, checksum: 034a01761b8185bf4ec0f92a02af56a4 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Tendo em mente o debate historiográfico acerca da questão agrária brasileira, ainda que com um conhecimento superficial acerca do mesmo, e acompanhando as discussões atuais acerca do problema da terra em nosso país, sentimos a necessidade de nos aprofundar no entendimento da questão, buscando melhor compreender a organização e evolução da propriedade fundiária em nosso território. Por essa razão, escolhemos como objeto de estudo para nossa pesquisa um tema que se inserisse no contexto do período colonial brasileiro, mais precisamente no início do processo de colonização destas terras, e que, ao mesmo tempo, fosse capaz de nos mostrar o cerne da questão da formação da propriedade no Brasil. Dessa maneira, repousamos nosso olhar para a instituição do sistema de sesmarias no território brasileiro, sistema ao qual alguns estudiosos atribuem a responsabilidade pela criação de grandes propriedades fundiárias no Brasil e a conseqüente desigualdade social que assolava o país no século XX. Nosso objetivo nesse trabalho é analisar a implantação do sistema de sesmarias no início do período colonial, enxergando esse sistema como um modelo político administrativo que criou as bases para a organização de uma nova sociedade. Para tanto, usaremos como fontes as Cartas e Forais de doação das Capitanias Hereditárias no Brasil, pois entendemos que estes documentos nos permitem compreender o mecanismo de funcionamento desse modelo de administração e economia, além de nos permitir entender a mentalidade dos homens daquele período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que documentos como as Cartas de Doação de terras e os Forais que legitimavam essas doações no período colonial brasileiro apresentam-se como fontes valiosas para alcançarmos nossos objetivos / Mindful of the historiographical debate about the Brazilian agrarian question, though with a superficial knowledge about it, and following the current discussions about the land problem in our country, we feel the necessity to deepen the understanding of the issue, seeking to better understand the organization and evolution of land ownership in our territory. For this reason, we chose as the object of our research to study a subject that is within the context of the Brazilian colonial period, more precisely early in the process of colonization of these lands, and that the same time, were able to show us the real issue of the formation of property in Brazil. Thus, we rest our eyes to the institution of the system of allotments in the Brazilian territory, a system to which some scholars attribute the responsibility for the creation of large land holdings in Brazil and the resulting social inequality that has plagued the country in the twentieth century. Our goal in this paper is to analyze the implementation of the system of land grants in the early colonial period, seeing this as a model system that created the political and administrative bases for organizing a new society. To this end, we will use as sources of the Letters and Charters of donation of the Hereditary in Brazil, because we understand that these documents allow us to understand the mechanism of functioning of this model of administration and economy, and enable us to understand the mentality of the men of that period. We therefore believe that documents such as letters of donation of land and the Charters that legitimized these donations during the colonial period are presented as valuable resources to achieve our goals

En partant de l'édition et de l'élaboration informatisée d'un corpus de chartes franc-comtoises (AD de la Haute-Saône et du Jura) du XIIIe siècle en langue française, notre thèse étudie les caractéristiques syntaxiques des chartes en les considérant sous leur aspect de genre textuel. L'analyse poursuit le but d'éclairer les structures syntaxiques et discursives qui construisent la charte dans ses différentes parties en prenant en considération les stratégies médiales et communicatives mises en œuvre. En plus de l'analyse selon des modèles contemporains comme la macro-/microsyntaxe, des phénomènes de jonction et de connexion et de l'ordre des constituants syntaxiques, l'analyse complète des temps verbaux et des circonstants temporels nous a permis d'établir des caractéristiques propres au genre textuel, propre à un type de document à l'intérieur du genre, propre à une partie de discours du genre textuel. / This work is based on the transcription and electronic edition of unedited charters from 1243-1296 in French language. It analyses the syntactical and discursive characteristics structuring the different parts of speech. The medial and communicative strategies of a charter are questioned with the help of recent models, like macrosyntax or the temporal semantics by Gosselin, always considering the specifics related to a certain type of text. Hence, phenomenons of junction and connection as well as the order of syntactical components are taken into consideration, a special focus is put on analyzing the organization and the meaning of tenses in the corpus.