Within science education, and chemistry in particular, laboratory work is fundamental. The traditions of including laboratory work in chemistry education is a way to make the concepts of chemistry apprehensible, the aims and goals of laboratory work related to chemistry education are therefore well defined. With digital technology, Information Communication Technology, (ICT tools), the traditional hands-on laboratory experience can be transformed to a nontraditional, digital laboratory experience. The use of digital laboratory work in education is well debated, yet both positive and negative aspects can be identified. As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers around the globe faced new challenges as much of the teaching abruptly had to be converted to online teaching. Due to the nature of the chemistry subject, one major challenge chemistry teachers faced was how to coordinate practical laboratory work with the new regulations. The unexpected transition from classroom education to online education can thus be identified as in a way teaching habits were challenged. The purpose of this study is to investigate the adaptations chemistry teachers had to make to the laboratory education as the hands-on laboratory experience rapidly had to be translated to a digital laboratory experience. Data was collected by conducting interviews with 10 chemistry teachers in upper secondary education and a thematic analysis was used to identify how, and in what way, teachers used ICT tools to coordinate their current teaching with the new restrictions. Data was analyzed by applying a transactional approach inspired by John Dewey’s transactional perspective of habits as well as a didaktik perspective to study the complexity in actions and how decisions concerning the laboratory work were made. The findings suggest that ICT tools could be used in a variety of ways but were not necessarily easily translated between practices, thus choices regarding the aims, goals and methods used in the online classroom differed from the decisions teachers usually made. Many teachers were able to use ICT tools in a sufficiently productive way to keep the laboratory work functional, however this was not a smooth transition for everyone and the need to adapt the activity to make it useful was in many ways decisive. Their responses to the changes varied and the differences in basic skills in how to use ICT tools were prominent. Regarding the didactic relations, teachers also noticed a change in behavior and the students’ attitudes towards the laboratory work. The changes caused teachers to reevaluate their approach to a digital laboratory experience in order to make the teaching functional, hence both the habits of planning and teaching had to be reconsidered.

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När coronapandemin slog till våren 2020 var kemiundervisningen på gymnasieskolorna i Sverige planerad huvudsakligen som närundervisning och få skolor och lärare var förberedda på den snabbt beslutade omställningen till fjärrundervisning. Under vår VFU-period under vårterminen 2021 uppstod en unik chans att undersöka hur ett antal erfarna kemilärare ställde om och hanterade denna speciella situation av undervisning med förutsättningar som ständigt ändrades med kort varsel beroende på smittoläget i Sverige. Lärarna blev tvungna att använda digitala verktyg i sin kemiundervisning under perioderna när eleverna inte fick komma till skolan utan satt hemma framför sina datorer. Syftet med denna studie var att utifrån ett lärar- och elevperspektiv undersöka pandemins effekter på kemiundervisningen på gymnasiet som bedrivits i en hybrid delvis på distans, delvis i klassrummet samt ibland till och med båda samtidigt. En huvudsakligen kvalitativ undersökning har genomförts med data från semistrukturerade intervjuer av kemilärare på gymnasiet samt från elevenkäter som analyserades med tematisk analys. Analysresultatet pekar på att lärarna själva medger att de haft stora utmaningar med fjärrundervisningen som de upplever inte gett samma lärande som närundervisning. Trots denna försvårande omständighet upplevde lärarna att de generellt lyckades nå kursmålen tack vare ständiga omplaneringar, merarbete och med extrastöd till eleverna åstadkomma ett lärande i kemi i slutet på läsåret på ungefär samma nivå som tidigare år med enbart närundervisning. Elevernas uppfattning var att det var svårare att lära sig under distansperioderna vilket medförde stora tapp i motivation och de gav uttryck för att de hade föredragit att få vara mer i skolans lokaler för att lära sig mer av eget laborerande och kunna interagera lättare och mer med både lärare och klasskamrater. / A mainly qualitative survey was conducted using insights from semi-structured interviews of high school chemistry teachers and thematically-analyzed student surveys. The teachers admitted there were major challenges with using online methodologies and tools for education that had not provided the same level of learning as the traditional classroom environment. Despite the aggravating circumstances disrupting their classes, the teachers managed to generally achieve the course goals. However, it required continuous planning, additional time and extra support for them to help students reach the course goals at the same levels as previous years. The students perceived this initial period of remote learning to be more difficult which led toa reduction in motivation. They claimed that lab work was more conducive at school where they could interact more easily and engage with teachers and fellow classmates.

The purpose is to exemplify how the didactic model of organizing purposes can be used by teachers to support the development of chemistry education aimed at increasing students ́ action competence in waste management issues. We conducted didactic modeling with the exemplification phase as the research approach. To exemplify how the organizing purposes model provided support in didactic design and analysis, we created a teaching sequence of two lessons and implemented it in a class. The goal was to create progression between activities that would lead to students developing competence in action. Data collection was carried out through video recordings during these two teaching sessions, which were then transcribed and analyzed. During the analysis, we used the conceptual framework of organizing purposes: proximal purposes, overarching purposes, goals-in-view, and continuity. The exemplification shows that the model supported us in selecting activities to create a thoughtful progression. It also supported us in considering how to connect what students did with our overarching goal.

This dissertation surveyed the validities of teaching the chemistry of water purification in South African schools using locally available materials (LAM) through the scientific inquiry (SI) approach. The researcher randomly selected four secondary schools that provided a small and purposive study sample of thirty-two Grade 11 learners and four teachers. The research design applied a mixed-method approach, consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Within this approach, the outcome of SI instruction that integrated LAM was compared with that of conventional instruction through a quasi-experimental control groups design. The researcher identified in the analysis of interviews and questionnaires the most complex aspects of the chemistry of water purification for learners to understand as redox reactions, acid-base systems, precipitations, and chlorination. However, the use of LAM through the scientific inquiry approach made it easier for learners to understand the concepts. The high mean scores ( =80.88; SD=10.28) in Research-based Test 2 (RBT2), of the experimental groups taught through SI signified that those learners immensely benefited from an active and collaborative learning environment. The lowly scores ( =61.69; SD=4.21) of control groups could be attributed to a linear and passive participation of learners in the conventional classroom instruction. The marks of the two groups in post-test RBT2 were paired and contrasted using GraphPad software. The results showed that t =6.699, df =21 with a significant value of 0.0001, which is less than 0.05 (p<0.05), hence it can be inferred that the difference between the means of the two groups was not only statistically important but also worth an explanation. The higher performance scores in RBT2 and the Rubric Assessment Tool (RAT) in experimental groups represents that the intervention was successful in the implementation of instructional design in the the study. In addition, the learners had mastered the crucial aptitudes that included self-discipline in understanding, cooperative learning, searching relevant text on topic, hands-on or laboratory practice and logical thinking in problem solving by working through the SI activities that used LAM. / Mathematics, Science and Technology Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education with specialization in Chemistry Education)

Czech Law concerning work safety in high school laboratory in the Czech Republic is constantly changing, while these changes in the law might go unnoticed by high school teachers. These teachers are often not informed which law is currently in effect and if it has any impact on their teaching in chemical laboratories. Therefore, this work presents compiled laws that influence teaching in chemical laboratories, translates their meaning into comprehensible sentences and then puts them together to a summary of these laws. To keep this information up to date, a basic web design is included in this work that will be put on web www.studiumchemie.cz, where it will be actualized by author of this thesis. On this web high school teachers will have the opportunity to easily access both original formulations and translated meaning of the law. Basic instructions for first aid in chemical laboratories, especially concerning exposition to dangerous chemical compounds will also be included in this work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This dissertation surveyed the validities of teaching the chemistry of water purification in South African schools using locally available materials (LAM) through the scientific inquiry (SI) approach. The researcher randomly selected four secondary schools that provided a small and purposive study sample of thirty-two Grade 11 learners and four teachers. The research design applied a mixed-method approach, consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Within this approach, the outcome of SI instruction that integrated LAM was compared with that of conventional instruction through a quasi-experimental control groups design. The researcher identified in the analysis of interviews and questionnaires the most complex aspects of the chemistry of water purification for learners to understand as redox reactions, acid-base systems, precipitations, and chlorination. However, the use of LAM through the scientific inquiry approach made it easier for learners to understand the concepts. The high mean scores ( =80.88; SD=10.28) in Research-based Test 2 (RBT2), of the experimental groups taught through SI signified that those learners immensely benefited from an active and collaborative learning environment. The lowly scores ( =61.69; SD=4.21) of control groups could be attributed to a linear and passive participation of learners in the conventional classroom instruction. The marks of the two groups in post-test RBT2 were paired and contrasted using GraphPad software. The results showed that t =6.699, df =21 with a significant value of 0.0001, which is less than 0.05 (p<0.05), hence it can be inferred that the difference between the means of the two groups was not only statistically important but also worth an explanation. The higher performance scores in RBT2 and the Rubric Assessment Tool (RAT) in experimental groups represents that the intervention was successful in the implementation of instructional design in the the study. In addition, the learners had mastered the crucial aptitudes that included self-discipline in understanding, cooperative learning, searching relevant text on topic, hands-on or laboratory practice and logical thinking in problem solving by working through the SI activities that used LAM. / Mathematics, Science and Technology Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education with specialization in Chemistry Education)

Topic: The Efficiency of Designing and Applying the Multimedia Study Materials in the Chemistry Instruction at Grammar schools (Transition Elements) Abstract Numerous researches prove, that the computer-supported learning content presentations are frequently applied within the process of instruction but the available results are general, global without focusing on respondents' age structure, detecting their interest in working with presentation programmes or correlation to teachers' computer literacy, i.e. using and designing their own computer-supported presentations of the learning content. These were the main reasons why the dissertation thesis focuses on the frequency of designing and using this type of presentations and multimedia objects according to the computer literacy level and the length of respondents' teaching practice in chemistry at grammar schools in the Czech Republic, mainly in the Moravian-Silesian region. The explorative methods were applied in the pedagogical research, i.e. the questionnaire method (traditional questionnaire and the questionnaire with assessment scales) and the Q-methodology. The research sample consists of 203 chemistry teachers in the traditional questionnaire and 99 ones in the questionnaire with assessment scales from all regions of the Czech Republic; the random...

Submitted by Maria Bernadete Dos Santos (mariabpds@id.uff.br) on 2017-09-25T18:50:45Z No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Sérgia.pdf: 1609418 bytes, checksum: b0d577471dcfb33a1b6e2c9461f427f6 (MD5) 1.Principal_SequenciaDidática.pdf: 221495 bytes, checksum: 882f0290d734a2fcde09f8c54d50cc5a (MD5) 2.Apresentação QualidadedoAR_RJ.pptx: 7377713 bytes, checksum: 71d9bf56826b7d742cd8df0930b29a7f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho (bcv@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-10-03T16:22:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Sérgia.pdf: 1609418 bytes, checksum: b0d577471dcfb33a1b6e2c9461f427f6 (MD5) 1.Principal_SequenciaDidática.pdf: 221495 bytes, checksum: 882f0290d734a2fcde09f8c54d50cc5a (MD5) 2.Apresentação QualidadedoAR_RJ.pptx: 7377713 bytes, checksum: 71d9bf56826b7d742cd8df0930b29a7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T16:22:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Sérgia.pdf: 1609418 bytes, checksum: b0d577471dcfb33a1b6e2c9461f427f6 (MD5) 1.Principal_SequenciaDidática.pdf: 221495 bytes, checksum: 882f0290d734a2fcde09f8c54d50cc5a (MD5) 2.Apresentação QualidadedoAR_RJ.pptx: 7377713 bytes, checksum: 71d9bf56826b7d742cd8df0930b29a7f (MD5) / As dificuldades vivenciadas no ensino de química, em especial na educação de jovens e adultos, juntamente com o cenário de crise socioambiental contemporâneo são discutidos neste trabalho, que tem por objetivo analisar uma proposta de ensino de química que visa contribuir para a aproximação entre conhecimento científico e a realidade dos educandos na EJA, a partir da inserção da temática ambiental, tendo a qualidade do ar do entorno escolar como tema gerador. Para o desenvolvimento desta proposta fizemos uso de metodologia participativa, a qual foi realizada com uma turma da EJA, numa escola localizada na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro e se constitui numa sequência didática, composta de três etapas: a problematização da realidade, promovida pela reflexão acerca da poluição atmosférica na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro; a construção dos conhecimentos científicos a partir dos óxidos presentes na poluição do ar e, na última etapa, retornamos a reflexão acerca da problemática ambiental promovendo a articulação entre os conhecimentos científicos construídos e a realidade vivenciada a partir dos índices da qualidade do ar coletados. Para análise dos dados buscamos uma aproximação da análise do discurso bakhtiniana, a partir da qual foi possível observar a apreensão dos conhecimentos a partir da incorporação e renovação do gênero, do ponto de vista da temática ambiental e dos conhecimentos científicos. No entanto, os resultados também apontam para a participação como uma categoria de análise haja vista a importância para a construção dos conhecimentos. Assim, foi possível concluir que a articulação entre a temática ambiental qualidade do ar e os conhecimentos científicos contribuíram para a superação dos obstáculos na prática do ensino de química, destacando-se como fundamental para esta articulação a mediação realizada no sentido de viabilizar a interação e as reflexões que levaram a ampliação dos conhecimentos. Entretanto, consideramos, ainda, a necessidade de reflexão contínua sobre a prática docente, especialmente nesta modalidade de ensino. / The difficulties experienced in chemistry teaching, especially in the education of youth and adults, along with the contemporary socio-environmental crisis scenario are discussed in this work, which aims to analyze a chemistry teaching proposal to contribute to the rapprochement between scientific knowledge and the reality of students in adult education from the integration of environmental issues, and the air quality of the school environment as a theme generator. To develop this proposal we made use of participatory methodology, which was performed with a group of adult education in a school located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro and is a didactic sequence, composed of three steps: the questioning of reality promoted by the reflection on the air pollution in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro; the construction of scientific knowledge from the oxides present in air pollution and, in the last step, we return to reflection on environmental issues by promoting links between the built scientific knowledge and the reality experienced from the air quality indices collected. For data analysis we seek an approximation of Bakhtin's discourse analysis, from which we could see the apprehension of knowledge from the development and renewal of the genre, from the point of view of environmental issues and scientific knowledge. However, the results also point to the participation as a category of analysis in view of the importance for the construction of knowledge. Thus, it was concluded that the link between environmental issues and air quality scientific knowledge contributed to overcoming the obstacles in the practice of chemistry teaching, highlighting as fundamental to this joint mediation carried out in order to facilitate the interaction and considerations which led the expansion of knowledge. However, we consider also the need for continuous reflection on teaching practice, especially in this type of education.

Title: Interdisciplinary relations of physics and chemistry in science education Abstract: This master's degree thesis deals with the topic of interdisciplinary relations of chemistry and physics in science education. According to the review, to conveniently integrate physics and chemistry the appropriate topics and approaches were selected. The thesis includes teaching materials and worksheets to the three topics (Evolution of the Universe and the Origin of Elements, Luminescence and Composition and Properties of Matter) that are suitable for integration of physics and chemistry. The teaching material "Evolution of the Universe and the Origin of the Elements" includes a study text for teachers and a shorter study text for pupils. The teaching material "Luminescence" is based on an independent research done by pupils with their own crafted UV-lamp, completed with the facts included in a powerpoint presentation. The teaching material "Composition and Properties of Matter" consists of three parts (The paraffin, The Candle and The Properties of Selected Organic Substances) and is designed for an independent research done by pupils. Listed study materials were checked by teachers during meetings and seminars. The thesis also includes an evaluation of listed study materials by an expert group of high school...