Aujourd'hui, les bibliothèques numériques deviennent de plus en plus populaires. Ces bibliothèques fournissent plusieurs services pour leurs utilisateurs. Le service de recherche d'information est un service indispensable pour ces bibliothèques. La personnalisation de ce service pour mieux répondre aux exigences des utilisateurs est une approche qui attire beaucoup d'attention de la communauté scientifique. Plusieurs systèmes de recherche d'information personnalisée actuels ont choisi de re-trier les résultats d'un moteur de recherche en prenant en compte les similarités entre ces résultats et le profil utilisateur afin de rendre des résultats plus pertinents pour les utilisateurs. Cependant, la plupart de ces systèmes n'utilise que les approches basées sur le contenu textuel pour ce but. Dans nos travaux, nous proposons d'utiliser également des méthodes basées sur les citations telles que la méthode des co-citations et la méthode du couplage bibliographique pour calculer les similarités document-profil. Nous étudions la performance de la méthode des co-citations avec différentes bases de données bibliographiques. Nous utilisons également différentes fonctions de combinaison pour combiner les scores individuels. Les approches proposées ont été validées par des expérimentations sur une collection de test utilisée dans INEX 2005.

Submitted by Pollyana Ágata Gomes Pilan (pollyanaagata@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-18T12:53:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CUSTODIO_PollyanaAgataGomesDaRocha_Tese.pdf: 2980185 bytes, checksum: 8e22f2063eec35b17869ef6e132d5600 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Telma Jaqueline Dias Silveira null (telmasbl@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-05-18T18:21:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 custodio_pagr_dr_mar.pdf: 2980185 bytes, checksum: 8e22f2063eec35b17869ef6e132d5600 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T18:21:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 custodio_pagr_dr_mar.pdf: 2980185 bytes, checksum: 8e22f2063eec35b17869ef6e132d5600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender a dinâmica de pesquisa expressa por meio das teses nos programas de pós-graduação consolidados em Ciência da Informação no Brasil defendidas no período de 2007 a 2016. Como objetivos específicos constitui o corpus de citações por programa, categoriza as linhas de pesquisa por programas, analisa os referentes teóricos mais citados por instituição e no conjunto de instituições, identifica a frente de pesquisa desses programas e as tendências por núcleo de pesquisadores, temáticas, áreas interfaces, distribuição geográfica e analisa os referentes teóricos comuns nas teses dos programas de pós-graduação por meio do acoplamento bibliográfico. Adota como pressuposto que a Ciência da Informação, como área de conhecimento incipiente, tem como interesse investigar o conhecimento da sua própria área e refletir sobre seu campo. Identifica 23 programas de pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação no Brasil, dos quais analisa as cinco instituições representadas pelos programas de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP/Marília), Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT), com convênio à Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Analisa o conjunto de referências presentes nas cinco instituições, considerando como universo de pesquisa as teses. Adota procedimentos cientométricos e bibliométricos, especialmente os estudos de citações e a análise relacional de citações, por permitirem conhecer os pesquisadores mais influentes e mostrarem as inter-relações evidenciadas na área. A partir dos dados analisa as configurações da pesquisa científica socialmente construída e sua dinâmica na área. Desenvolve estudos que mapeiam o campo científico em associação com análises epistemológicas, críticas e históricas, a fim de compreender o universo estudado de forma mais plena e aprofundada. Considera que autocrítica da prática de citações contribui para aperfeiçoar a qualidade da pesquisa e do campo de conhecimento. / This research aims to understand the dynamics of research expressed through theses in the postgraduate programs consolidated in Information Science in Brazil defended in the period from 2007 to 2016. As specific objectives it constitutes the corpus of citations by program, categorizes the lines of research by programs, analyzes the theoretical referents most cited by institution and in the set of institutions, identifies the research front of these programs and the trends by nucleus of researchers, thematic, interfaces areas, geographical distribution and analyzes the common theoretical references in the theses to postgraduate programs through the bibliographic coupling. It adopts as a presupposition that the Information Science, as an area of incipient knowledge, has as interest to investigate the knowledge of its own area and reflect on its field. It identifies 23 postgraduate programs in Information Science in Brazil, which analyzes the five institutions represented by the Information Science programs of the University of São Paulo (USP), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), University of Brasília (UnB), Paulista State University (UNESP/Marília), Brazilian Institute of Information in Science and Technology (IBICT), agreement with the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and Fluminense Federal University (UFF). It analyzes the set of references present in the five institutions, considering as a research universe the doctoral theses. It adopts scientometrics and bibliometrics procedures, especially the citation studies and the relational analysis of citations, since they allow to know the most influential researchers and to show the interrelations evidenced in the area. From the data analyzes the configurations of socially constructed scientific research and its dynamics in the area. It develops studies that map the scientific field in association with epistemological, critical and historical analyzes, in order to understand the studied universe in a fuller and deeper way. It considers that self-criticism of the practice of citations helps to improve the quality of research and the field of knowledge.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la recherche d’information (RI) et la recommandation de lecture. Elle a pour objets :— La création de nouvelles approches de recherche de documents utilisant des techniques de combinaison de résultats, d’agrégation de données sociales et de reformulation de requêtes ;— La création d’une approche de recommandation utilisant des méthodes de RI et les graphes entre les documents. Deux collections de documents ont été utilisées. Une collection qui provient de l’évaluation CLEF (tâche Social Book Search - SBS) et la deuxième issue du domaine des sciences humaines et sociales (OpenEdition, principalement Revues.org). La modélisation des documents de chaque collection repose sur deux types de relations :— Dans la première collection (CLEF SBS), les documents sont reliés avec des similarités calculées par Amazon qui se basent sur plusieurs facteurs (achats des utilisateurs, commentaires, votes, produits achetés ensemble, etc.) ;— Dans la deuxième collection (OpenEdition), les documents sont reliés avec des relations de citations (à partir des références bibliographiques).Le manuscrit est structuré en deux parties. La première partie «état de l’art» regroupe une introduction générale, un état de l’art sur la RI et sur les systèmes de recommandation. La deuxième partie «contributions» regroupe un chapitre sur la détection de comptes rendus de lecture au sein de la collection OpenEdition (Revues.org), un chapitre sur les méthodes de RI utilisées sur des requêtes complexes et un dernier chapitre qui traite l’approche de recommandation proposée qui se base sur les graphes. / This thesis deals with the field of information retrieval and the recommendation of reading. It has for objects:— The creation of new approach of document retrieval and recommendation using techniques of combination of results, aggregation of social data and reformulation of queries;— The creation of an approach of recommendation using methods of information retrieval and graph theories.Two collections of documents were used. First one is a collection which is provided by CLEF (Social Book Search - SBS) and the second from the platforms of electronic sources in Humanities and Social Sciences OpenEdition.org (Revues.org). The modelling of the documents of every collection is based on two types of relations:— For the first collection (SBS), documents are connected with similarity calculated by Amazon which is based on several factors (purchases of the users, the comments, the votes, products bought together, etc.);— For the second collection (OpenEdition), documents are connected with relations of citations, extracted from bibliographical references.We show that the proposed approaches bring in most of the cases gain in the performances of research and recommendation. The manuscript is structured in two parts. The first part "state of the art" includes a general introduction, a state of the art of informationretrieval and recommender systems. The second part "contributions" includes a chapter on the detection of reviews of books in Revues.org; a chapter on the methods of IR used on complex queries written in natural language and last chapter which handles the proposed approach of recommendation which is based on graph.

De spectacle vivant, le théâtre d'Euripide devient très vite une pièce de collection dont la conservation, comme celle des deux autres grands poètes dramatiques, Eschyle et Sophocle, est décrétée par le législateur athénien Lycurgue. Très vite aussi, il est commenté, critiqué, enseigné. À travers les témoignages de sa réception, on veut comprendre quellesinterprétations antiques étaient proposées d’une tragédie d’Euripide, l’Oreste. On cherche dans le premier chapitre à établir la réception du personnage lui-même et de l’acte qui lui apporte une gloire équivoque – la vengeance du père par le meurtre de la mère – dans la tradition mythographique et judiciaire, et voir quelle part y prennent les questions posées parl’Oreste d’Euripide. Le deuxième chapitre examine la place que la tragédie occupe dans l’enseignement antique par l’étude des textes scolaires, exercices élémentaires découverts sur les papyri, manuels de rhétoriques, exercices types (progymnasmata) et déclamations. Les troisième et quatrième chapitres étudient les extraits les plus commentés : d’abord, les deux scènes les plus célèbres, le récit du messager et le diptyque de la maladie d’Oreste, qui se distinguent par la façon dont est traité leur sujet, le récit d’une assemblée politique et la représentation de la folie ; puis, des morceaux choisis pour leur genre, lyrique ou gnomique. Enfin, on examine dans le dernier chapitre les témoignages des spécialistes du « livre », de ceux qui ont transmis, édité, commenté, conservé l’Oreste d’Euripide. / From performing art, Euripides’ theatre very soon becomes a piece of collection, whose preservation, as for the two other Great tragedians, Aeschylus and Sophocles, is decreed by the Athenian statesman Lycurgus. It also is soon commented, criticized, taught. Through the reception’s testimonies, we want to understand which interpretations were given of anEuripidean tragedy, the Orestes, in the Antiquity. In the first chapter, we try to determine how Orestes’ figure itself and the equivocal glory of his act – i.e. avenging his father by killing his mother – were perceived in the mythographical and judiciary tradition, and which importance both of them give to the issues which are at stake in Euripides’ Orestes. The second chapter investigates which place the drama takes in teaching in Antiquity through school-texts, elementary exercises discovered on papyri, rhetoric handbooks, model exercises (progymnasmata) and declamations. The third and fourth chapters study the most commented extracts : first, the two most famous scenes, the messenger’s speech and thediptych of Orestes’ illness, which stand out through the treatment of their subject, i. e. the narration of a political assembly and the representation of madness ; then, some selected pieces on generic criteria, lyrical or gnomical. Finally, we investigate in the last chapter the testimonies of « book »’s specialists, of those who have transmitted, published, commented, preserved the Euripides’ Orestes.

M.Phil / Citing is the process by which scholars give recognition to research used by another academic researcher. Citation resources are tools used by academic scholars for keeping track of who did what research and the impact of the research within the discipline. Citation analysis is therefore an attempt to measure the impact and contribution of a study to the body of knowledge and research. Citation tracking and citation analysis is facilitated by making use of information resources which specialize in citations and tools for conducting citation analysis. The citation resource by The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Web of Science (WOS), was traditionally the citation tool of choice of academics for more than 40 years. The arrival in 2004 of Scopus, a fee-based citation resource, and Google Scholar (GS), a citation resource available for free and accessible via the Web, presented WOS with competition. The prolific growth of the citation resources created new opportunities for academics in citation tracking and citation analysis. The question of which citation resource to use in the process of tracking citations and conducting citation analysis posed a challenge to librarians and information professionals at academic institutions. It became essential to establish which citation resource was not only most relevant to use for which subject discipline, but which was the most cost-effective with the advent of shrinking library budgets. Therefore the need arose for citation resources to be compared with the aim of establishing whether the newcomers Scopus and GS are substitutes for or complementary to the traditional WOS. The objectives of this study included comparing WOS, Scopus and GS in order to determine whether evaluation criteria existed for citation resources, to define scholarly environmental sciences journals within a South African context, to determine which citation resource presented the most comprehensive citation coverage of the South African scholarly environmental sciences journals, to determine whether GS could be considered a substitute for the fee-based citation resources WOS and Scopus, and to determine how the content of the exported data for the journal sample population compared in terms of content completeness and quality. The research study consisted of a detailed literature review, followed by an empirical component using a comparative research design and the technique of purposive non-probability sampling in order to define the sample population for the study. The South African scholarly environmental sciences journals internationally accredited during the period 2004-2008 were chosen as the sample target population. The study consisted of a pilot study and three measuring instruments that were compiled based on the literature review. The results of the macro-level evaluation established that Scopus surpasses both WOS and GS. On the other hand, the micro-level evaluation concluded that WOS surpasses Scopus and GS. The content verification process conducted determined that Scopus and WOS both surpass GS. These findings were presented at the 12th Annual World Wide Web Applications conference in September 2010. The study was able to establish that GS is not a substitute for WOS and/or Scopus for the South African scholarly environmental sciences journals. In addition, it was concluded that GS can be used as a supplementary citation resource to the fee-based citation resources WOS and Scopus. It was further determined that the citation resource Scopus can be considered a substitute for WOS, which was traditionally the citation resource of choice of academic researchers.

Diploma thesis entitled Influence of green roof insulation on the costs associated with one operation with an assessment of the design of alternative solutions for external contact thermal insulation system and their effects on the assessment of energy performance of the building and the associated costs of construction and operation. Alternatives for the design of a flat roof with a vegetation layer are also chosen in the construction solution of the building. The first part of the diploma thesis deals with the general requirements for the design and assessment of energy performance of buildings. The second part describes the individual options of the selected contact thermal insulation system and variants of flat roofs with a vegetation layer. In the next part, the budget for individual variants of thermal insulation is solved and the price of all variants is determined. The last part demonstrates the assessment of all variants and the overall economic evaluation with the selection of the best variants. For all variants, the time for which the investment will return is evaluated.

No description available.

This dissertation consists of three essays in applied microeconomics on the economics of science. The first chapter contribute to the understanding of fairness and recognition in innovation systems. The second and third chapters study the effect of government policies and university relocation on science and education outcomes respectively. The first paper, coauthored with Zihao Li, studies gender difference in innovation recognition using patent citations. We propose a method to quantify under-citation, by constructing a “should-cite” list for each of over 1.5 million patents based on textual similarity, using state-of-the-art natural language processing technique. We find that female-authored patents are approximately 12% more likely to be under-cited than male-authored patents. Additionally, male inventors are far more likely to under-cite patents written by female inventors. Our findings are consistent with the testable implications of taste-based discrimination but not statistical discrimination. Welfare analysis shows that past under-citations negatively impact future patenting activities, especially for female inventors. The second paper, coauthored with Elliott Ash, Mirko Draca and David Cai studies the impact of a large-scale scientist recruitment program – China’s Junior Thousand Talents Plan – on the productivity of recruited scholars and their local peers in Chinese host universities. Using a comprehensive dataset of published scientific articles, we estimate effects on quantity and quality in a matched difference-in-differences framework. We observe neutral direct productivity effects for participants over a 6-year post-period: an initial drop is followed by a fully offsetting recovery. However, the program participants collaborate at higher rates with more junior China-based co-authors at their host institutions. Looking to peers in the hosting department, we observe positive and rising productivity impacts for peer scholars, equivalent to approximately 0.6 of a publication per peer scholar in the long run. Heterogeneity analysis and the absence of correlated resource effects point to the peer effect being rooted in a knowledge spillover mechanism. The third paper studies the long run effect on local education outcomes of the temporary exodus of Chinese universities in the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). During the war, over 80% of China’s universities, along with the top tiers of China’s educated talents were forced to relocate to inland underdeveloped areas during the war. We find that the large inflow of educated elite intellectuals and universities increased local supply of secondary schools by 6.6% during and after the war period, indicating the effect cascades to lower tiers of education. However, such trend does not persist into the People’s Republic of China (PRC) era and we find limited effect on local education outcomes in the long run. We discuss the salience of locational fundamentals and education policies in explaining the absence of persistence.

Cette thèse utilise une approche de type théorie ancrée, en constituant un corpus de 252 vidéos d’informations, diffusées par Al Jazeera English, Press TV English, Euronews English et France 24 English, sur les événements du Printemps Arabe, pour apporter des réponses aux trois questions suivantes : [QR1] : Comment les institutions dominantes de l’information ont elles affecté le flux de l’information internationale pendant les événements du Printemps Arabe ? [QR2] : Comment les événements du Printemps Arabe furent représentés sous forme de reportages ? Et [QR3] : Comment les contributions à l’information ont-elles été utilisées pour construire les reportages internationaux ? Les vidéos d’informations du corpus sont étudiées à travers une Analyse Critique du Discours. Par conséquent, l’analyse est complémentée par une recherche documentaire et par une recherche empirique, sous la forme d’interviews, sur les institutions dominantes de l’information du Printemps Arabe, comprenant les chaines d’information mentionnées précédemment ainsi que l’agence de presse AFP et l’agence UGC Crowdspark. De plus, les paysages de l’information et des médias du Bahreïn, de l’Egypte, de la Libye, de l’Arabie Saoudite, de la Syrie, de la Tunisie et du Yémen, entre 2011 et 2013, ont également été étudiés à partir de recherche documentaire. Il est apparu que tous ces pays avaient des lois strictes sur l’accès à l’information et la publication, tout particulièrement quand ces informations concernaient les autorités, la religion ou la sécurité du pays, amenant des actes de censure stricts et des menaces, qui ont eux-mêmes conduit à l’autocensure chez les acteurs de l’information locaux et internationaux. Cette recherche a montré que la plupart des événements du Printemps Arabe ont été représentés en utilisant des images des lieux des événements, avec une représentation internationale minime et avec des modèles de représentation de manifestations pacifiques lors des soulèvements en Egypte, en Syrie et au Yémen et des modèles de représentation d’émeutes violentes lors des soulèvement Bahreïnis et Tunisiens. Des modèles mettant en scène la destruction ou des explosions ont pu être observés dans les pays en proie à une quelconque forme de conflit, à savoir en Libye et en Syrie. Les images de mort et de souffrance étaient peu répandues et seulement prédominantes dans les informations représentant la mort de Gaddafi et l’attaque chimique dans le Ghouta. La majorité des interviews d’information ont donné voix aux acteurs importants des événements, par opposition aux experts sur le sujet. L’analyse critique du discours a permis de formuler des théories sur l’utilisation des différents contenus dans les informations internationales, à savoir : les interviews, le contenu amateur, les chiffres et les pourcentages, les citations et le contenu de télévision publique. / This thesis uses a grounded theory approach, by building a corpus of 252 news videos, broadcast by Al Jazeera English, Press TV English, Euronews English and France 24 English, on events of the Arab Spring, to answer three questions: [RQ1] how did the dominant institutions of information affect international news flow during the events of the Arab Spring? [RQ2] how were the events of the Arab Spring represented in form of news stories? And [RQ3] how was contributed material used to construct international news stories?The news videos from the corpus are analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis, therefore the discourse analysis is complemented by literature, and empirical research in form of interviews, on the dominant information institutions of the Arab Spring, including the aforementioned news channels as well as the news agency AFP and the UGC agency Crowdspark. Additionally, the information and media landscape of Bahrain, Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia and Yemen between 2011 and 2013 has also been studied using existing literature. It was found that all countries had strict laws against information access or publication, especially if the information was related to authorities, religion or security, leading to strict acts of censorship and threats, which further instilled self-censorship in local and international news actors.This research found that most events of the Arab Spring were represented using footage in the event location, with minimal international representatives and with frames of peaceful demonstrations during the uprisings of Egypt, Syria and Yemen, and frames of violent riots in the Bahraini and Tunisian uprisings. Frames featuring destruction or explosions were observed in countries that experienced some kind of conflict, namely, Libya and Syria. Images of death and suffering were minimal and only evident in news representing the death of Gaddafi and the Ghoutta chemical attack. Majority of news interviews gave a voice to relevant event actors, as opposed to topic experts. The critical discourse analysis produced theories on the usage of various content in international news, namely: interviews, amateur content, figures and percentages, quotes and state TV content.

Submitted by FABIO ORSI MESCHINI (fabiomeschini@gmail.com) on 2018-05-31T21:16:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabio Meschini Dissertação Versão final UNESP 2018.pdf: 3468832 bytes, checksum: c6fbbe8bc06b59cd4ebc3dbc37a0bf37 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Telma Jaqueline Dias Silveira null (telmasbl@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-06-04T20:16:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 meschini_fo_me_mar.pdf: 3468832 bytes, checksum: c6fbbe8bc06b59cd4ebc3dbc37a0bf37 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T20:16:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 meschini_fo_me_mar.pdf: 3468832 bytes, checksum: c6fbbe8bc06b59cd4ebc3dbc37a0bf37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-21 / Não recebi financiamento / Objetivou-se analisar a produção e a coautoria latinoamericana e caribenha em Estudos Métricos da Informação na base Scopus no período de 2011 a 2015, contextualizando as políticas científicas e tecnológicas da região. Mais especificamente propõe-se destacar os pesquisadores, países, instituições e periódicos mais produtivos; classificar as temáticas mais trabalhadas segundo proposta de Glänzel (2003) que versa sobre três grupos-alvo (G1 - Bibliometria para profissionais da bibliometria; G2 - Bibliometria aplicada às disciplinas científicas e G3 - Bibliometria para a política científica e gestão); verificar o impacto da produção por meio do número de citações e citantes e relacionar os países e autores mais produtivos em Estudos métricos sob a perspectiva da análise de redes de coautorias. Como resultados, destaca-se o Brasil como o país mais produtivo e consequentemente os pesquisadores brasileiros destacam-se com uma representação de 67% entre os mais produtivos e os mesmos são predominantemente oriundos de universidades. Quanto às coautorias, tem-se um baixo número entre os países e pesquisadores da América Latina e Caribe e até mesmo com os demais do mundo, uma vez que grande parte destas coautorias ocorreu no âmbito interno dos próprios países. Como conclusões, observa-se que há uma necessidade de ampliação de pesquisas a serem realizadas em cooperação no âmbito desta região em Estudos Métricos da Informação, objetivando propiciar um papel de destaque na ciência, almejando a tão merecida representatividade desta região na ciência internacional. / The aim of this research was to analyze the Latin American and Caribbean production and co-authorship in Metric Information Studies at the Scopus base from 2011 to 2015, contextualizing the region's scientific and technological policies. More specifically, it is proposed to highlight the most productive researchers, countries, institutions and periodicals; (G1 - Bibliometrics applied to scientific disciplines and G3 - Bibliometrics for scientific policy and management); to verify the impact of production through the number of citations, the citers and to relate the most productive countries and authors in Metric Studies from the perspective of analysis of co-authorship networks. As a result, Brazil stands out as the most productive country and consequently Brazilian researchers stand out with a representation of 67% among the most productive ones, whose majority is predominantly from universities. As for co-authorships, there is a low number of countries and researchers in Latin America and the Caribbean and even with the rest of the world, since a large part of these co-authorships took place within the countries themselves. As conclusions, it is observed that there is a need to expand research to be carried out in cooperation within this region in Metrics Studies of Information, aiming to provide a prominent role in science and focus on the deserved representativeness of this region in the international science.