No description available.

<p>Gottfridsson, H. O., 2007, Färdmedelsvalets komplexa förutsättningar – En studie av arbetspendling i småbarnshushåll med Kils kommun som exempel, (Complex conditions governing choice of transport – A study of parents of young children commuting to work from the municipality of Kil).</p><p>Travel is a means through which people fulfil a variety of social and biological requirements. In turn, the purpose, destination and identity of the traveller set different requirements that different forms of transport have different opportunities of fulfilling.</p><p>The purpose of this dissertation is to find out about the complex conditions that form the scope for action in the choice of transport, in this particular case for parents of young children when travelling to and from work. The dissertation emphasises the importance of studying the whole picture and of the interchange between the component parts in order to gain a better understanding of the conditions governing a commuter’s choice of transport.</p><p>In the study a theoretical framework of reference is gradually established by mixing empiricism and theory. As a result, a number of factors significant for the transport selection process are identified. These factors include the composition and organisation of the household, transport system structures, local community structures and the resources and preferences of the commuter.</p><p>Several methods were used during the collection of data. Data about commuters was collected via surveys and travel diaries. Traffic systems and associated structures were studied with the help of maps.</p><p>Work requirements combined with local structures such as the location of the home, workplace and services, and how the household chooses to organise daily activities, place specific demands on the planning of the journey to and from work. Different transport systems meet these demands in varying degrees. The choice of transport is also determined by the commuter’s socio-economic situation, travel resources and how he or she, depending on motives, knowledge and habits finally perceives the alternatives available.</p><p>The results confirm that car users and public transport users have different strategies when choosing transport. The results also indicate that there are commuters who declare the same grounds for their choice of transport, but who in practice conclude different consequences and choose different means of transport. The data also indicates clearly that among users of public transport there are major differences in journey times, number of stops, distance to bus stops and travel costs, and that commuters who use public transport are more complex as a group.</p>

Gottfridsson, H. O., 2007, Färdmedelsvalets komplexa förutsättningar – En studie av arbetspendling i småbarnshushåll med Kils kommun som exempel, (Complex conditions governing choice of transport – A study of parents of young children commuting to work from the municipality of Kil). Travel is a means through which people fulfil a variety of social and biological requirements. In turn, the purpose, destination and identity of the traveller set different requirements that different forms of transport have different opportunities of fulfilling. The purpose of this dissertation is to find out about the complex conditions that form the scope for action in the choice of transport, in this particular case for parents of young children when travelling to and from work. The dissertation emphasises the importance of studying the whole picture and of the interchange between the component parts in order to gain a better understanding of the conditions governing a commuter’s choice of transport. In the study a theoretical framework of reference is gradually established by mixing empiricism and theory. As a result, a number of factors significant for the transport selection process are identified. These factors include the composition and organisation of the household, transport system structures, local community structures and the resources and preferences of the commuter. Several methods were used during the collection of data. Data about commuters was collected via surveys and travel diaries. Traffic systems and associated structures were studied with the help of maps. Work requirements combined with local structures such as the location of the home, workplace and services, and how the household chooses to organise daily activities, place specific demands on the planning of the journey to and from work. Different transport systems meet these demands in varying degrees. The choice of transport is also determined by the commuter’s socio-economic situation, travel resources and how he or she, depending on motives, knowledge and habits finally perceives the alternatives available. The results confirm that car users and public transport users have different strategies when choosing transport. The results also indicate that there are commuters who declare the same grounds for their choice of transport, but who in practice conclude different consequences and choose different means of transport. The data also indicates clearly that among users of public transport there are major differences in journey times, number of stops, distance to bus stops and travel costs, and that commuters who use public transport are more complex as a group.

No description available.

A before and after comparison of vehicle occupancy distributions for the Atlanta, GA I-85 HOV to High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lane conversion scheduled for summer 2011, will assess the changes in vehicle and passenger throughput associated with lane conversion. The field deployment plans and data collection methodologies developed for the HOT evaluation were the result of a comprehensive literature review, an examination of previous data collection methods, an evaluation of the physical characteristics of the I-85 corridor, and the testing of a variety of equipment/manpower strategies. The case study in this thesis evaluates the established vehicle occupancy methodology for consistency across multiple observers during parallel data collection efforts. The differences noted in exact matches and consistency across the use of the "uncertain" values developed for field implementation is specifically assessed. Results from this study are the first step in assessing the validity of the data collection methods used on the HOT corridor and will yield recommendations for improving the methodology for future occupancy studies. A separate assessment of the accuracy of the methodology is also being conducted by the research team and will be published under a separate cover.

Car dependency has resulted in traffic congestion in the Champlain Bridge corridor between the South Shore and Montreal CBD. This thesis addresses the ongoing debate of whether an inflexible rail or more flexible express bus system is better suited for travel in the corridor. An exploratory analysis of commuters revealed dispersed work destinations, suburb-to-suburb commuting, and public transit constraints for car users, providing evidence that rail would not be an effective solution. Factors known to affect mode choice such as access walking time, cost, and number of transfers were quantified in a discrete choice model of mode choice by commuters in existing rail corridors in Montreal. The model was then applied to the Champlain Bridge corridor under the assumption of hypothetical rail implementation. The projected demand for rail was lower than current express bus use in the corridor, suggesting that there would be no justification in incurring the great expense of building a rail system to replace the current express bus system. Improvement of the established bus system would have greater potential to reduce car trips.

This dissertation deals with the organized commuting of native labour in northern Saskatchewan, it causes, and the economic consequences for the communities involved. A neo-marxist approach is used towards those objectives. The search for explanations is carried out through the analysis of the scenario of implementation of the commuting programs: the role of Capital, the initiator of the programs, is examined in the light of its imperatives (accumulation, legitimation); State action is discussed with respect to its roles of integration, legitimation, support to accumulation, and that of a capitalist; the participation of the native people is seen from a perspective where their culture and social fabric have been altered, in spite of apparently strong idiosyncrasies. The consequences of participation in commuting, and of the revenues thereby brought to the communities, are consistent with already existing trends among northern native population: a decline of reciprocity; an assimilation to capitalist society (consumption and monetization); a local circulation of income which varies in importance from a place to another, but which everywhere favors exclusively the local bourgeoisie; the survival of subsistence economy; and the enhancement of dependence and economic vulnerability.

Favorable and unfavorable demographic processes and their imminent repercussions for local labor markets, regional economic development, and the accomplishment of public duties have spurred the interest around the world. The mobility of individuals and households, in particular in the form of migration and commuting, decisively shapes these demographic trends at the regional and local level. Studying the causes of mobility behavior at the microlevel, therefore, delivers hypotheses needed for the evaluation of various policy options directed at attracting new and retaining existing population shares. Knowing about the various influences in mobility decision making also allows for a better projection of population dynamics and migration flows. In the design of this dissertation, uncertainty is recognized as a key component of day-to-day decision making processes and, thus, serves as the underlying feature in the examinations. The dissertation’s aim is to study the effects of economic uncertainty on household mobility decisions. This includes migration as well as commuting behavior in the presence of income and transport cost uncertainty. In three thematic areas the dissertation investigates migration behavior of individuals and households in the context of both long-distance interregional migration and short-distance local moves. Covered aspects range from the influence of different levels of longevity over the implications of joint migration intentions to the interrelated choice of residence and mode of mobility in a urban-suburban framework.

Cette thèse porte sur l’hybridation des dimensions virtuelle et corporelle de la mobilité. Elle interroge les effets de la mise en connexion de la mobilité quotidienne, et en particulier de la mobilité pendulaire, sous la double impulsion de la diffusion du smartphone et de l’amélioration de la qualité de la connexion aux réseaux de télécommunication dans les transports en commun. La mobilité, que nous décrivons comme connectée, permet à la fois le déploiement d’activités numériques au cours du déplacement, et l’accès facilité à une information personnalisée sur les conditions d’un déplacement projeté ou en cours via les applications d’aide à la mobilité sur smartphone. La problématique générale de ce travail de recherche peut être comprise à travers l’interrogation suivante : comment les usagers des transports en commun se saisissent-ils de la mise en connexion de la mobilité pour agir sur les contraintes spatio-temporelles du quotidien ? Trois hypothèses structurent cette recherche. La première hypothèse est celle d’un effet positif de la mise en connexion de la mobilité sur la valorisation du temps de déplacement. La deuxième hypothèse est celle de la recomposition, à l’heure de la mobilité connectée, de la spécificité de l’espace-temps du déplacement au regard des activités qui y sont déployées. La troisième hypothèse est celle d’une meilleure maîtrise de la mobilité résultant de l’ancrage dans les habitudes du recours à l’information personnalisée au moyen d’applications d’aide à la mobilité. À partir d’une enquête par entretiens semi-directifs réalisée entre 2013 et 2014 et d’une enquête par la passation de questionnaires en ligne en 2015, nous avançons, en réponse à ces trois hypothèses, l’idée que la mise en connexion de la mobilité soutient une banalisation du déplacement. À défaut de produire une valorisation du temps de déplacement, le smartphone atténue, pour l’individu, les effets négatifs des variations des conditions de trajets sur le niveau de confort du déplacement. De plus, du point la mise en connexion de la mobilité rend plus perméable cet espace-temps au déploiement d’activités structurant par ailleurs le quotidien. Enfin, les applications d’aide à la mobilité offrent, outre des voies d’optimisation temporelle des déplacements quotidiens, une forme de sécurisation de la mobilité / This thesis focuses on hybridity between virtual and corporeal mobility. We study the effects of growing connectivity on daily mobility, and especially on commuting. ‘Connected’ mobility is characterised by the large-scale diffusion of smartphones and the improvement of broadband connection in public transportation. ‘Connected’ mobility allows travellers to use a wider range of on-trip activities and to receive personalised information about their current or future trips. The main issue is to determine how public transportation users use ‘connected’ mobility to their advantage to soften daily time-space constraints. Three hypotheses led this research. The first is the hypothesis of the valorisation of travel time through the use of ICT devices such as smartphones. The second is about the reshaping of mobility time-space through connectivity, regarding the activities practised by travellers in their daily lives. The third concerns the better control of daily mobility allowed by the use of mobile apps that provide personalised information. The study is based on two surveys. The first occurred during the years 2013 and 2014. It is composed of in-depth semi-directive interviews. The second is a large-scale survey led by on-line questionnaires in 2015. The main results support the idea that the growing connectivity of mobility underlines a banalisation of mobility. The use of smartphones does not clearly imply a greater valorisation of travel time, but softens the negative effects on travel comfort due to the variations of travel conditions. Moreover, the growing connectivity of mobility time-space allows the travellers to import in this specific time-space their daily activities. Finally, the mobile apps providing personalised information about mobility authorise travel optimisation but also secure the daily trips, improving the feeling of control on mobility

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-01-30T10:48:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Diego Pinheiro Alencar - 2014.pdf: 3624900 bytes, checksum: db750a9a4da9ad528ef6b494f7e158ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-01-30T13:00:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Diego Pinheiro Alencar - 2014.pdf: 3624900 bytes, checksum: db750a9a4da9ad528ef6b494f7e158ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-30T13:00:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Diego Pinheiro Alencar - 2014.pdf: 3624900 bytes, checksum: db750a9a4da9ad528ef6b494f7e158ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present research untitled, “Metropolization and mobility: analysis of intra-metropolitan commuting of students in Goiânia’s Metropolitan Region, 2010 to 2013” aims to analyze how the mass transit provides the integration of common public interest functions in Goiânia’s Metropolitan Region (RMG). Therefore, the study verticalizes in middle and high levels of schools in the state of Goiás. In the first chapter, the process of metropolization becomes the central element to be analyzed. By the bibliography common aspects are presented in 19 th century European metropolises with the Brazilian metropolitan environments. The secondary data permit the analysis of social and spatial dynamics present in different Brazilian metropolitan environments. In the second chapter, the spatial mobility is questioned as an important process for the comprehension of the intra-metropolitan dynamics of RMs. Mass transit is the main focus of action of managers in metropolitan spaces. Nevertheless, the barriers are present in the installment of the service, which reaches directly in others aspects of mobility, as the growth of the private vehicles. The organization of the following service is fundamental for the effectiveness in the intra-municipal commutings. In the third chapter occurs the spatialization and analyzis of the intra-municipal commutings of students. Therefore, is necessary the intra-urban reading of Goiânia related to the intra-metropolitan configuration of the RMG. The concept of centralization contributes effectively for the dynamics comprehension, since the major flows orientation of students have as destiny the macrozones of Centro and Campinas. Ultimately, the research aims to present how the organization of urban/metropolitan forms organizes the social relations in the RMG. / A presente pesquisa, intitulada “Metropolização e mobilidade: análise dos deslocamentos intrametropolitanos de estudantes na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia (2010 a 2013)”, objetiva analisar como o transporte coletivo proporciona a integração das funções públicas de interesse comum na RMG. Para tanto, o estudo se verticaliza nos níveis fundamental e médio dos estabelecimentos de ensino do estado de Goiás. No primeiro capítulo, o processo de metropolização se torna elemento central a ser analisado. Por meio da bibliografia são apresentados aspectos comuns presentes nas metrópoles europeias do século XIX com os ambientes metropolitanos brasileiros. Os dados secundários possibilitam a análise de dinâmicas socioespaciais presentes nos diferentes ambientes metropolitanos brasileiros. No segundo capítulo, a mobilidade espacial é problematizada enquanto importante processo para a compreensão da dinâmica intrametropolitana das Regiões Metropolitanas (RMs). O transporte coletivo é o principal foco de ação dos gestores nos espaços metropolitanos. Mesmo assim, os impasses estão presentes na prestação deste serviço, o que reverbera diretamente em outros aspectos da mobilidade, a exemplo do crescimento dos veículos particulares, sendo a estruturação do respectivo serviço fundamental para a efetivação dos deslocamentos intramunicipais. No terceiro capítulo ocorre a espacialização e a análise dos deslocamentos intramunicipais de estudantes. Para tanto, se torna necessária a leitura intraurbana de Goiânia relacionada à configuração intrametropolitana da RMG. O conceito de centralização contribui incisivamente para a compreensão da dinâmica, uma vez que a maior orientação dos fluxos de estudantes têm como destino as macrozonas do Centro e de Campinas. Enfim, busca-se apresentar como a estruturação das formas urbanas/metropolitanas organizam as relações sociais na RMG.