Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-24T19:35:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniele _Ficanha2016.pdf: 2114781 bytes, checksum: 4cf98bf8089cd41a33e68e5cfc4c1ba8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T19:35:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniele _Ficanha2016.pdf: 2114781 bytes, checksum: 4cf98bf8089cd41a33e68e5cfc4c1ba8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-11 / The function of metal silos consists in storing and preserving the quality of the grains. For that, it is extremely important the correct dimensioning in order to guarantee efficiency and security of the set. The possibility of a metal silo implantation is based mainly in the cost and weight of the primary raw material, the steel. The side plates represent the biggest part of the raw material used. The feasibility of a new fixation element, the alternative bolt, responsible for the connections of the silo body’s elements increase the resistance of the side plate, becoming attractive and economic for all users of metal silos. The elaboration of an alternative bolt was based on ISO 4016 (2000) regarding chemical composition and mechanical properties. Mass from the hexagonal head of the traditional bolt was withdrawn and added in the cut plan of the alternative bolt, making it an oblong element and round head. Prototypes of the alternative bolt were developed with the same raw material, temper process and bichromatization as the executed in the traditional bolts. Twenty-three samples of the traditional bolt and sixteen samples of the alternative bolt were produced through the method of direct shearing. The model’s premises were verified, in which the increase in shearing area in the alternative bolt’s cutting plan produced effects in the shearing resistance in the traditional bolt. Through the result of the alternative bolt, it was possible to determine the random error average variable of the model , validating the theoretical functions of the probability distribution for the representation of the statistic information of this random variable, determining the correct strength of the alternative bolt as 107,40 kN. In order to use the alternative bolt in metal silos, 27 samples of the traditional bolt and 3 samples of the alternative bolt were compared, both using support plates of the same material used in the silos, to verify if the plate influences the bolt’s shearing resistance. The parameters used in the definition of the crushing and tearing resistance were determined by tensile tests on the support plates, quantification to the breaking point, as well as the distance between the hole and the edge were determined, to be superior to the resistance of the bolts calculations. It was not possible to determine the influence of the support plate in the resistance of the alternative bolt shear, since the support plate crushed it and it reached only deformed plastic state. The comparison between the averages for the sample of the alternative bolt may have produced positive effects in the shear bolt resistance. / A função dos silos metálicos consiste em armazenar e preservar a qualidade dos grãos. Para isso, é de suma importância o dimensionamento adequado, a fim de garantir a eficiência e a segurança do conjunto. A possibilidade de implantação de um silo metálico baseia-se principalmente no custo e no peso da matéria prima: o aço. As chapas laterais representam a maior parte da matéria prima utilizada. A viabilização de um novo elemento de fixação, o parafuso alternativo, responsável pelas ligações dos elementos do corpo do silo aumentam a resistência da chapa lateral, tornando-se atrativo e econômico para todas as fontes usufruintes dos silos metálicos. A elaboração do parafuso alternativo baseou-se na ISO 4016 (2000) quanto à composição química e às propriedades mecânicas. Retirou-se massa da cabeça sextavada do parafuso tradicional e adicionou-se no plano de corte do parafuso alternativo, formando um elemento oblongo de cabeça redonda. Confeccionaram-se protótipos do parafuso alternativo com a mesma matéria prima, processo de têmpera e bicromatização que a executada nos parafusos tradicionais. Ensaiaram-se 23 amostras do parafuso tradicional e 16 amostras do parafuso alternativo pelo método do cisalhamento direto. Foram verificadas as suposições do modelo, no qual o aumento da área de cisalhamento no plano de corte do parafuso alternativo produziu efeitos na resistência ao cisalhamento do parafuso tradicional. A partir do resultado do parafuso alternativo foi possível determinar a média da variável aleatória erro do modelo, validando as funções teóricas de distribuição de probabilidades para a representação da informação estatística dessa variável aleatória, determinando a força correta do parafuso alternativo, de 107,40 kN. Com o intuito de utilizar o parafuso alternativo nas chapas do corpo de silos metálicos, comparou-se através do ensaio de 27 amostras do parafuso tradicional e 3 amostras do parafuso alternativo, ambos utilizando chapas laterais de silos metálicos para verificar se há influência da mesma na resistência ao cisalhamento dos parafusos. Os parâmetros utilizados na definição da resistência ao esmagamento e rasgamento foram determinados a partir do ensaio de tração das chapas de apoio, quantificação da tensão de ruptura, tal que as distâncias entre furo e borda foram determinadas para serem superiores à resistência de cálculo dos parafusos. Não foi possível a determinação da influência da chapa de apoio na resistência ao cisalhamento do parafuso alternativo, visto que a chapa de apoio esmagou e o mesmo chegou apenas ao estado de deformação plástica. A comparação entre as médias para a amostra de parafuso alternativo produziu efeitos positivos na resistência ao cisalhamento dos parafusos

Os elevados níveis de potência e desempenho solicitados pelas presentes e futuras aplicações de conversores estáticos de potência podem ser atingidos pela interconexão de unidades básicas menores (multiconversor). Com a utilização de uma estratégia de controle adequada consegue-se não apenas a potência total desejada e sua correta divisão entre as várias unidades básicas como também uma redução no conteúdo harmônico das correntes e tensões resultantes. Neste trabalho, algumas topologias de multiconversores monofásicos do tipo fonte de tensão são modeladas, analisadas e comparadas quanto às solicitações de corrente e tensão nos diversos componentes, e quanto ao espectro da corrente resultante. Desta discussão conclui-se que a \"Conexão em Paralelo de Conversores Sem Transformador\" (PCTL- parallel connection/transformerless) é viável, levando-se em conta as demais topologias e a tecnologia disponível em semicondutores de potência. A análise do modelo matemático e da matriz de controlabilidade do caso PCTL trifásico resulta em métodos de desacoplamento das entradas do multiconversor. Baseando-se nestes métodos, são propostas três estratégias de controle utilizando controladores de corrente monofásicos individuais. Dois deles utilizam PWM com portadora triangular, e o outro, um PWM por banda de tolerância. Para um dos casos, baseados em PWM a portadora triangular, propõe-se um processo de minimização de harmônicos de corrente, injetando-se à referência de cada modulador PWM um sinal de \"seqüência zero instantânea\", obtido a partir da solução de um problema de otimização. Para o caso baseado em banda de tolerância, conseguem-se satisfazer os critérios de desacoplamento pela sincronização e igual defasagem das funções de chaveamento dos diversos conversores via malhas PLL, e também pela injeção de uma corrente fictícia de \"seqüência zero instantânea\" às referências do controlador de corrente. Para os controladores propostos, discute-se a operação do PCTL durante a ocorrência de falhas ou manutenção. Apenas os conversores do tipo fonte de tensão são abordados neste trabalho. / The high power and performance levels required for the present and future power electronics converters can be achieved by connecting a set of smaller power units (multiconverter). By using appropriate control, not only perfect sharing of the power among the converters, but also harmonics reduction is obtained. This thesis presents, analyses and compares some multiconverter topologies, based on the values of the voltages and currents in the main components and in the spectra of the resulting current. As a result, the transformerless parallel connection of converters PCTL is shown to be a feasible solution, taking into account the existing power devices technology. The analysis of the three phase PCTL model and its controllability matrix suggests methods for decoupling the PCTL inputs. This results in two methods using carrier based current controller and one method using a \"tolerance band (TB)\" based controller. For the carrier based one, the injection of an optimized zero sequence reference voltage produces a reduction in the ripple of the individual currents. For the tolerance based one, the inputs coupling is reduced by the use of PLL synchronized PWM and by the injection of a \"fictitious zero sequence current in the TB controller. The operation of the PCTL under faults and maintenance condition is discussed. Only the voltage source converter is studied here.

No presente trabalho foi analisado o comportamento de ligações viga-pilar em estruturas mistas de aço e concreto com o auxílio de simulação numérica e experimentação. A simulação numérica foi realizada no programa DIANA, baseado no método dos Elementos Finitos. Os modelos de ligações analisados são compostos por ligações com parafusos passantes entre pilares metálicos preenchidos com concreto e vigas metálicas. A laje utilizada foi do tipo com fôrma de aço incorporada, com a utilização de conectores de cisalhamento para resistir aos esforços em conjunto com a viga. Para simular a situação de pilar intermediário, foram utilizados modelos com formato cruciforme, os quais foram submetidos à força cíclica reversível com a finalidade de submeter à estrutura a esforços semelhantes aos provocados por vento e sismo. Além do efeito da força cíclica, este trabalho avaliou também a influência na rigidez da ligação causada pela taxa de armadura da laje e pelo detalhe de ancoragem da armadura de continuidade ao pilar misto. Para isso foram ensaiados quatro modelos. Dentro da metodologia proposta, obteve-se numérica e experimentalmente, dados que permitiram a construção de curvas momento versus rotação e força versus deslocamento para a quantificação da rigidez e determinação da ductilidade da ligação. Como resultado das análises concluiu-se que a laje contribui mais na rigidez da ligação quando ela está submetida a momento fletor positivo e com relação ao método de ancoragem não houve diferença significativa nas rigidezes. / This research studied the behavior of beam-column connection in composite steel-concrete structures and was developed with the use of numerical simulation and experimentation. The numerical simulation was performed using the program DIANA which is based on the finite element method. The models are composed of connections with bolts passing through the concrete filled tube (CFT) column and steel beams with a steel deck. It was used shear connectors for the slab works together with the beam to resist the bend. To simulate the situation of the middle column, they are used models with cruciform form, which were subjected to reversible cyclic loading in order to bring structure the efforts similar to those caused by wind and earthquake. Besides the effect of cyclic loading, this research also evaluated the influence on the connection stiffness caused by the slab reinforcement ratio and anchors detail to the column of some bars. To obtain this information four models were tested. Within the proposed methodology numerical and experimental data were obtained which made possible the construction of moment versus rotation curves and loading versus displacement for the quantification of stiffness and ductility of the connections. The result of this research shows that the slab contributes more on the increase of stiffness when the connection is subjected to sagging moment and about the method of anchoring, there is no significant difference on stiffness between the two methods.

Studien omfattar anslutningen mellan vägg och gavelspets i ett prefabriceratenplanshus i trä. Huset är uppbyggt av saxtakstolar och få innerväggar för attdärigenom erhålla en öppen planlösning. Det medför att stabiliserandebyggnadsdelar saknas och horisontella vindlaster ger då upphov till oacceptabeltstora utböjningsdeformationer på anslutningen. Syftet är att undersöka kapaciteten med avseende på moment, vindlast ochspännvidd i de befintliga lösningarna samt presentera en alternativ lösning somskulle kunna vara praktiskt tillämpbar. Utefter detta uppnås målet som är att lyftafram de parametrar som påverkar utböjningen. Befintliga lösningar med förstärkning av balkar i materialet Kerto-S som ökarböjstyvheten undersöktes och analyserades. Två alternativa lösningar som klararutböjningskravet för en längre spännvidd dimensionerades. Den första alternativa lösningen innefattar förutom två horisontella Kertobalkaräven en invändigt stående Kertopelarbalk som delvis kompenserar för avsaknadenav stabiliserande innerväggar. I den andra alternativa lösningen placeras fyra mindreKertopelarbalkar i väggkonstruktionen vilket gör att den horisontella vindlastenomfördelas. Gemensamt för de båda lösningarna är att anslutningsbalken fördelarvindlasten till en eller flera pelarbalkar som verkar avstyvande för konstruktionen. / This study embrace the connection between wall and gable tip in a prefabricatedsingle storey house in a wooden construction. The house is built by scissor trussesand few interior walls to achieve open floor plans. This causes that stabilizingbuilding components are missing and the effect of horizontal wind loads is causingunacceptable large deflection deformation in the connection. An existing solutionusing a Kerto beam which increase the bending stiffness was investigated andanalyzed. The purpose of this work is to examine the capacity in the existing solutions and topresent an alternative solution that could be practical applicable. With thatknowledge accomplish the goal that is to emphasize the parameters that affects thedeflection. Two alternative solutions that meets the deflection requirements for a longer spanwere designed. The first alternative solution contains, except for two Kerto beams,also an interior standing beam which partly make up for the lack of stabilizinginterior walls. In the second alternative solution, four smaller columns are locatedinside the wall construction to redistribute the load. Common for the both solutionsis that the connection beam obtains a smaller span by adding columns which insome extent constitute a stabilizing component.

Doações legais a campanhas eleitorais podem comprar influência? Diversos estudos desenvolvidos na literatura detectaram evidências de que empresas podem se beneficiar de conexões estabelecidas com políticos por meio de doações em campanhas eleitorais, sendo que a potencial influência pode ser entendida pelos investidores como uma vantagem competitiva. Com a mudança de cenário trazida pela decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) de proibir as doações por pessoas jurídicas em campanhas eleitorais a partir de 2016, este trabalho buscou avaliar qual seria o possível impacto inicial que essa nova legislação eleitoral poderia trazer para o ambiente econômico. A amostra foi composta por empresas com ações negociadas na B3 durante o período de 2010 a 2017, sendo os dados referentes a doações para os cargos de presidente, senador e deputado federal nas eleições de 2010 e 2014. Esta pesquisa foi dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte utilizou a metodologia do estudo de evento, estabelecendo janelas de teste que representaram o andamento do processo jurídico e as repercussões no mercado. Os resultados sugerem que as empresas doadoras, principalmente as que contribuíram para candidatos da base governista, obtiveram retornos anormais positivos e significantes quando o supremo aceitou julgar essa matéria, porém o mesmo não se refletiu para as demais janelas de evento. Já a segunda parte buscou estimar se as doações geravam dois benefícios para essas entidades, que são: maior acesso a crédito com menor custo financeiro via BNDES e maior agressividade fiscal, devido ao exercício de influência que essas empresas doadoras poderiam ter sobre os legisladores e representantes do Estado. Os resultados dos modelos de regressões de dados em painel apontam que os empréstimos concedidos pelo BNDES tem relação positiva e significativa com as doações feitas por empresas. Das medidas de agressividade fiscal utilizadas nesta pesquisa, book tax difference (BTD) e effective tax rate (ETR), somente ETR foi negativamente significante. Essa variável representa a taxa efetiva de tributos sobre o lucro e a literatura diz que quanto menor o ETR, maior a probabilidade de a empresa ser fiscalmente mais agressiva. Complementando a análise, por meio de modelos de diferenças em diferenças, foi estimado o efeito da decisão final do STF sobre esses eventuais benefícios, porém, não houve indícios de que a proibição tenha afetado as variáveis estudadas. É importante mencionar que para as medidas de agressividade fiscal, é possível que o curto espaço de tempo não tenha sido o suficiente para poder observar o efeito da proibição, uma vez que esses efeitos iniciais podem demorar a surgir. / Can legal campaign contributions buy influence? Several studies in the literature have detected evidence that companies that donate can benefit from these established connections with politicians, and that potential influence can be understood as a competitive advantage for these companies. With the change brought about by the decision of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) to ban company donations in electoral campaigns from 2016, this work sought to evaluate what would be the possible impact that this new electoral legislation could bring to the economic environment. The sample comprised companies with shares traded at B3 during the period from 2010 to 2017, with data referring to the donations for the positions of president, senator and federal deputy in the 2010 and 2014 elections. This research was divided into two parts. The first part used the methodology of the event study, establishing event windows that represented the progress of the process and the repercussions in the market. The results suggest that donor firms, especially those that contributed to candidates from the ruling base, obtained abnormal positive and significant returns when the supreme judge accepted the matter, but the same effect was not reflected for the other event windows. The second part sought to estimate if the donations generated two benefits for these entities: greater access to credit with lower financial costs through BNDES and greater fiscal aggressiveness, due to the exercise of influence that these donor companies could have on the legislators and representatives of the State. The results of the panel data regression models indicate that loans granted by BNDES are positive and significant with the donations made by companies. Of the fiscal aggressiveness measures used in this research, the book tax difference (BTD) and effective tax rate (ETR), only ETR was negatively significant. This variable represents the effective tax rate on profit and the literature says that the lower ETR, the greater the probability that company will be more tax aggressive. Complementing the analysis, by means of models of differences in differences, the effect of the final decision of the STF on these possible benefits was estimated. Only the BNDES loans were negatively and significantly affected by the change, suggesting that the grants could represent a way of influencing the investment decisions of this government-controlled bank. Regarding measures of fiscal aggression, it is possible that the short time was not enough to be able to observe the effect of the prohibition, since these initial effects may be slow to arise in this case.

<p>Vårt syfte med den här uppsatsen är att besvara följande frågeställningar:</p><ul><li>Vilka fördelar och nackdelar ser remissinstanserna med utredningens förslag?</li><li>Är det några speciella områden där åsikterna går isär eller är liknande?</li><li>Vilket stöd finns för utredningens förslag? </li></ul><p>Bakgrunden till att vi valt just detta ämne är att sambandet mellan redovisning och beskattning är ett komplicerat område som är sammankopplat på olika sätt.</p> / <p>Our purpose with this paper is to find out:<strong><em></em></strong></p><ul><li>What advantages and disadvantages does the proposal have, according to the bodies to which the proposal has been referred for consultation?</li><li>Are there any special areas where the opinions are alike or part from each other?</li><li>What is the support for the proposal?</li></ul><p>The reason for choosing this specific subject is that the connection between accounting and taxation is a complicated area, with many interconnections in different ways.</p>

Vårt syfte med den här uppsatsen är att besvara följande frågeställningar: Vilka fördelar och nackdelar ser remissinstanserna med utredningens förslag? Är det några speciella områden där åsikterna går isär eller är liknande? Vilket stöd finns för utredningens förslag? Bakgrunden till att vi valt just detta ämne är att sambandet mellan redovisning och beskattning är ett komplicerat område som är sammankopplat på olika sätt. / Our purpose with this paper is to find out: What advantages and disadvantages does the proposal have, according to the bodies to which the proposal has been referred for consultation? Are there any special areas where the opinions are alike or part from each other? What is the support for the proposal? The reason for choosing this specific subject is that the connection between accounting and taxation is a complicated area, with many interconnections in different ways.

The present study explored 12 womens experiences in five community-based improvisational movement sessions. The study was two-pronged in nature, attending to the experience of expressive movement and somatic awareness exercises as well as the experience of gathering together as women. Session activities were taken from movement and somatic practices such as Authentic Movement, the 5Rhythms®, YogaDance®, the Big Fat Ass Dance Class®, theatre-based exercises, contact improvisation and African Dance. The chosen methodology was hermeneutic phenomenology using a weekly sharing circle, post-session interviews, and journal entries as data. Although inquiring into both psychological and movement experiences, the study did not derive from a formal Dance/Movement Therapy perspective but instead, prioritized the womens own voices in order to elucidate the inherent experience and worth of expressive movement within a community framework. Three core constructs arose from my analysis: Conscious Embodiment, Conscious Play and Conscious Connection. The underlying role of relationality is highlighted in the final chapter. Findings contribute to a preventive and resiliency orientation as opposed to the more typical clinical and therapeutic research found in the field of Dance/Movement Therapy.

A three-dimensional finite element model is constructed to predict the failure of a hybrid and thick laminate containing bolted joints. The results of the simulation are compared with test results. The simulation comprises two main challenging steps. Firstly, for a realistic model, a 3D model is established with geometric nonlinearities and contact is takeninto account. The laminated composite model is constructed by 3D layered elements. The effect of different number of elements through the thickness is investigated. The failure prediction is the second part of the simulation study. Solutions with and without progressive failure approach are obtained and the effect of progressive failure analysis for an optimum simulation of failure is discussed. The most appropriate failure criteria to predict the failure of a thick composite structure is also investigated by considering various failure criteria. By comparing the test results with the ones found from the finite element analyses, the validity of the developed model and the chosen failure criteria are discussed.

The present study explored 12 womens experiences in five community-based improvisational movement sessions. The study was two-pronged in nature, attending to the experience of expressive movement and somatic awareness exercises as well as the experience of gathering together as women. Session activities were taken from movement and somatic practices such as Authentic Movement, the 5Rhythms®, YogaDance®, the Big Fat Ass Dance Class®, theatre-based exercises, contact improvisation and African Dance. The chosen methodology was hermeneutic phenomenology using a weekly sharing circle, post-session interviews, and journal entries as data. Although inquiring into both psychological and movement experiences, the study did not derive from a formal Dance/Movement Therapy perspective but instead, prioritized the womens own voices in order to elucidate the inherent experience and worth of expressive movement within a community framework. Three core constructs arose from my analysis: Conscious Embodiment, Conscious Play and Conscious Connection. The underlying role of relationality is highlighted in the final chapter. Findings contribute to a preventive and resiliency orientation as opposed to the more typical clinical and therapeutic research found in the field of Dance/Movement Therapy.