The aim of my thesis is to approach the specifics of current Dutch drama. First part of my paper is based on the theoretical work of Hans-Thies Lehmann, Hugo Brems and Anja Krans describing the development of drama in Netherland covering the year 1969 to the turn of the millennium. Moreover, I am focusing on the major events, trends and characteristics following this period as well as explaining the term "post-dramatic theatre ", which I closely characterize. I've been following the change of the cooperation between dramatists and theatre groups regarding contemporary drama. In the second, practical part of my work I investigate whether or not the thoughts of the above mentioned theatre scientists and theorists are valid (and if so to what extend). I have examined this on a few pieces of work of four selected Dutch dramatists (Esther Gerritsen, Rob de Graaf, Maria Goos, Gerardjan Rijnders). I shortly describe the content and identify the most significant ideas of their work. I use information obtained from studying the theoretical work, newspaper articles, reviews, interviews with the artists and even their dramas. In the conclusion of my thesis, I then gather all the knowledge obtained by readings and analysis in the practical part. Moreover, I am describing the position of the Dutch dramatists in...

This study examines Asian American identity construction in drama exercised by Asian American theatre companies on the mainland from the 1970s to the present. I use the term “wave” for the classification of the plays to illuminate artistic movements. The plays are classified into four waves: the first wave in the 1970s, the second wave in the 1980s, the third wave in the 1990s and early 2000s, and the fourth wave since the 2000s. The characters’ self-identification in these plays varies over time in response to historical, socio-political, economic, and cultural circumstances. Through chronological exploration, this dissertation articulates that Asian American self-identification and representation have developed from a rigid identity pursuing a single, coherent identity to a fluid identity beyond the binary frame by embracing other contingent and salient factors of identity. In addition, my dissertation illuminates that more dramatists use non-realist styles, especially in the third and the fourth waves, to reflect the American perception of anti-Asian racism and Asian American internalized racism. The illustration of Asian American dynamics that strive to form and evolve their identities challenges racial discourses and myths, opposing stereotypes.

O presente trabalho se interessa pelas formas de autorrepresentação e escrita autobiográfica tais quais elas vêm se apresentando em alguns exemplos significativos da cena teatral contemporânea. Seja dentro da vertente \"documental\", seja adotando nomenclaturas mais amplas como \"teatros do real\", proliferam as experiências em que os intérpretes em cena assumem a perspectiva autobiográfica. Desde Philippe Lejeune que sistematizou uma das primeiras pesquisas sobre o gênero até pesquisadores contemporâneos que trabalham sobre a noção de testemunho, temos abordagens diversas do que seriam as escritas do eu. Este trabalho busca tensionar a relação entre o par experiência e representação a partir do aporte fundamental da teoria literária - sobretudo a partir dos anos 1970, que pensa a representação autobiográfica associada à ideia de uma memória criativa - , e de disciplinas que tratam do problema da referencialidade como a história e a psicanálise. / The present research is interested in forms of self-representation and autobiographical writing as they have been presenting themselves in some significant examples found in contemporary theater scene. Rather as if in \"documentary\" style or adopting broader classifications, such as \"theater of the real,\" the experiments in which the performers on stage take an autobiographical perspective are proliferating more and more. Since Philippe Lejeune who first systematized the research on the genre, up to the contemporary researchers working on the notion of testimony, we have several approaches. This paper seeks to create a tension in the relationship between the pair: experience and representation, from the fundamental contribution of literary theory - especially since the 1970s, in which the autobiographical representation was very much associated with the idea of a creative memory - and also there are contributions from disciplines addressing the matter of referentiality, such as history and psychoanalysis.

Dans le titre de notre thèse nous avons souligné les éléments au cœur de cette recherche. Pour interroger les pratiques théâtrales contemporaines, notamment en France et en Italie, nous avons eu recours à un outil particulier : le rythme. Ainsi, nous proposons une étude comparée de quatre pièces chacune d’un auteur différent, deux français et deux italiens : Juste la fin du monde (1990) de Jean-Luc Lagarce, Clôture de l’amour (2011) de Pascal Rambert, Italia-Brasile 3 a 2 (2002) de Davide Enia et Dissonorata (2006) de Saverio La Ruina. La définition de rythme donnée par Henri Meschonnic nous a permis d’étudier ces pièces sans adopter un point de vue uniquement linguistique, théâtral ou sociologique. Car la révélation de la poétique de l’auteur se dévoile et se rend manifeste précisément grâce au rythme. Un rythme qui relève certes de la structure linguistique de la pièce, mais qui est aussi l’accomplissement de la manifestation historique et culturelle de la voix de ces auteurs. / The title of our dissertation points to the key elements of this study. To probe contemporary theatre, especially in France and in Italy, we rely on a specific tool: the rhythm. We propose a comparative study of four plays, each one by a different author, two Italians and two French : Juste la fin du monde (1990) by Jean-Luc Lagarce, Clôture de l’amour (2011) by Pascal Rambert, Italia-Brasile 3 a 2 (2002) by Davide Enia and Dissonorata (2006) by Saverio La Ruina. The definition of rhythm, as given by Henri Meschonnic, allows us to study these plays without a precise linguistic, theatrical, and sociological point of view. This is because the poetics of the author manifests itself via and thanks to the rhythm. A rhythm that is certainly rooted in the linguistic structure of the play, but which is also the accomplishment of the historical and cultural expression of the voices of the authors.

This dissertation examines a very popular and widespread trend in contemporary British and Irish theatre - monologue plays. One of the reasons of the recent boom of monologue-based theatre performances might be the fact that the condensed theatrical form presents a challenge for everyone involved - the playwrights, actors, and crucially also for the audience. The diversity and quantity of such plays present an obstacle that has deterred most theatre scholars from systematic analysis as it is difficult to decide on what ground such widespread phenomenon might be critically approached. Given the essential role the audience have as the only communication partner of the lonely monologists on stage, this work attempts to analyse the contemporary boom of monologue plays in the U.K. and Ireland by using a systematic framework, based on the various incorporations of the monologue, which enables examination of how specific strategies of the realisation of the monologue elicit audience engagement. First it explores monologue plays in which one actor/actress performs one character, then it deals with plays in which the performer re-enacts other characters, subsequently this work focuses on very rare experiments in the monologue form, where the performer re-enacts conflicting versions of their split selves and...

Orientador: Berenice Raulino / Banca: Sergio de Carvalho / Banca: José Manuel Ortecho / Resumo: A pesquisa tem como foco a análise do tratamento da temática trabalhista na dramaturgia paulistana contemporânea, especificamente nos textos A Comédia do Trabalho, da Companhia do Latão, com dramaturgia final de Sérgio de Carvalho e Márcio Marciano; Bartolomeu, que será que nele deu?, de Claudia Schapira; e Borandá, de Luis Alberto de Abreu (em sua primeira saga, Tião) - todos criados em processo colaborativo. As três obras se estruturam em procedimentos épicos que evidenciam diversos aspectos das relações de trabalho na era da acumulação flexível, atual sistema de produção capitalista. As políticas neoliberais implantadas no mundo desde a década de 1970 têm como efeitos, entre outros, a precarização do trabalho e a substituição de uma postura sindical combatente por uma ideologia de veneração à empresa. Nesse contexto de retrocesso da organização coletiva do trabalhador frente à exploração do capital, outras possibilidades de abordagem do assunto desenvolvidas nas peças, além do embate entre patrão e empregado, mostram-se como reveladoras das tensões advindas das relações trabalhistas na atualidade. A hibridização de gêneros teatrais, as diferentes referências da cultura popular, a presença de coros pouco homogêneos, a abordagem múltipla do espaço e do tempo, as interações entre personagens-narradores e personagens da ação dramática são algumas das formas utilizadas para dialogar com a temática / Abstract: The search is focused on the analysis of the work theme treatment in the contemporary paulistan dramaturgy, specifically in the texts A comédia do trabalho, from Companhia do Latão, with final dramaturgy from Sérgio de Carvalho and Márcio Mariano; Bartolomeu, que será que nele deu?, from Claudia Schapira; and Borandá, from Luis Alberto de Abreu (in first saga, Tião) - all created in collaborative process. The three works structure themselves in epic procedures which prove various aspects of working relations in the flexible accumulation era, the current system of capitalist production. Neo-liberal policies implemented in the world since the 1970‟s have as effects, among others, job diminishment and the replacement of a fighter union stance by an ideology of reverence for the company. In this context of retreating collective organization of workers against the capitalist exploitation, other approaching possibilities of the subject developed in the plays, besides the struggle between employee and employer, are shown as revealing tensions stemming from current working relations. The hybridization of theatrical genres, the different references in popular culture, the presence of not homogeneous choirs, the multiple approach of space and time, the interactions between narrators-characters and drama action characters are some of the ways used to dialogue with the theme / Mestre

O presente trabalho se interessa pelas formas de autorrepresentação e escrita autobiográfica tais quais elas vêm se apresentando em alguns exemplos significativos da cena teatral contemporânea. Seja dentro da vertente \"documental\", seja adotando nomenclaturas mais amplas como \"teatros do real\", proliferam as experiências em que os intérpretes em cena assumem a perspectiva autobiográfica. Desde Philippe Lejeune que sistematizou uma das primeiras pesquisas sobre o gênero até pesquisadores contemporâneos que trabalham sobre a noção de testemunho, temos abordagens diversas do que seriam as escritas do eu. Este trabalho busca tensionar a relação entre o par experiência e representação a partir do aporte fundamental da teoria literária - sobretudo a partir dos anos 1970, que pensa a representação autobiográfica associada à ideia de uma memória criativa - , e de disciplinas que tratam do problema da referencialidade como a história e a psicanálise. / The present research is interested in forms of self-representation and autobiographical writing as they have been presenting themselves in some significant examples found in contemporary theater scene. Rather as if in \"documentary\" style or adopting broader classifications, such as \"theater of the real,\" the experiments in which the performers on stage take an autobiographical perspective are proliferating more and more. Since Philippe Lejeune who first systematized the research on the genre, up to the contemporary researchers working on the notion of testimony, we have several approaches. This paper seeks to create a tension in the relationship between the pair: experience and representation, from the fundamental contribution of literary theory - especially since the 1970s, in which the autobiographical representation was very much associated with the idea of a creative memory - and also there are contributions from disciplines addressing the matter of referentiality, such as history and psychoanalysis.

Les dramaturgies contemporaines répondent à l’exigence d’une écriture du temps au théâtre en renouvelant notamment leur forme, leur langue et leur adresse. Le drame n’est plus « action » au présent. Il devient l’expression d’un retour, celui du passé. Le jeu avec le passé est le va-et-vient sans fin et toujours renouvelé du passé vers le drame et du drame vers le passé. Cette étude se concentre sur neuf pièces écrites entre 1980 et 2000 par trois dramaturges français, Patrick Kermann, Jean-Luc Lagarce et Philippe Minyana. Dans ces écritures, le passé revendique sa place [et la prend] dans l’actualité de la représentation. En investissant toute la structure du drame, il bouleverse l’organisation du discours, la représentation de l’espace et la possibilité de l’action. Cette revendication s’effectue également à la faveur du retour des morts et sur la mort. Tandis que la catastrophe a déjà eu lieu, le désastre continue d’abîmer et déconstruire la fable. Joués par le passé, le drame et ses protagonistes témoignent d’un héritage « sans testament ». Privé d’identité, le personnage accepte ou subit le jeu sans pour autant parvenir toujours à en proposer une interprétation. / Contemporary theatre answers the requirement of a theater writing of the time by renewing in particular its form, its language and its addressee. Drama is no longer an “action” taking place in the present. It becomes the expression of a return, that of the past. Playing with the past corresponds to endless comings and goings from the past to drama and from drama to the past. This study focuses on nine plays written between 1980 and 2000 by three French dramatists, Patrick Kermann, Jean-Luc Lagarce and Philippe Minyana. In these writings, the past claims its place [and takes it] in the performance actuality. By investing the whole drama structure, it disrupts the organization of speech, the representation of space and the possibility of action. This claiming also proceeds from the return of the dead and to death. Whereas catastrophe already took place, disaster keeps on damaging and deconstructing the fable. Played by the past, drama and its protagonists testify an inheritance left “by no testament”. Deprived of identity, the character accepts or suffers the way he is played, without necessarily and systematically managing to offer an interpretation.

Dans cette recherche, nous souhaitons mettre en jeu la mémoire des rites. Le rite est un élément fondamental de la vie sociale, un repère fixe et solide. Il demeure très présent dans le drame contemporain, vision réputée particulièrement sombre d’une société désenchantée. Regretté dans sa capacité dramatisante, le rite est d’abord réintroduit dans l’écriture comme une forme poétique, esthétique, déconnectée du divin mais capable d’élever le texte. Pourtant, déchu de sa place supérieure et dénué de symbole, il devient une forme dérisoire, vectrice de désespoir. Le rite est alors cible d’une dégradation qui suit deux logiques. D’une part un blasphème jubilatoire, qui cherche à le démystifier, rabaissant tous les modèles au niveau humain le plus abject. D’autre part un glissement progressif vers des avatars rituels sombres et aliénants. Le rituel, enfin, devient un prétexte pour parler du monde. Des quotidiens ritualisés interrogent la place laissée à l’homme par la société, des rites institutionnels veulent révéler la violence inhérente à la religion. Le rite devient aussi prétexte à diverses sortes de jeux qui, paradoxalement, font apparaître la noirceur à travers une innocence affichée. Dans les dramaturgies contemporaines, le rite est à la fois valorisé comme outil dramaturgique et dégradé, parce qu’il n’est plus considéré comme une construction sociale efficace. Il demeure à l’état d’empreinte, utilisée comme modèle de représentation, mais dans une forme toujours incomplète. Pour les dramaturges, l’empreinte du rituel est un champ d’expérimentation, qui permet de renouveler l’écriture théâtrale et de poser un défi à la scène. / This research aims to explore the memory of rituals. Rituals are a fundamental element of our social life, a firmly established model. It remains very strongly present in contemporary drama, which is reputed to be a particularly dark vision of a disillusioned society. Missed in its dramatizing ability, the ritual is first reintroduced in drama as a poetic, aesthetic form, disconnected from divinity, but still able to elevate the text. However, being deprived of its former superiority and symbolism, it becomes an empty, trifling form, conveying despair. The rite is then debased in two ways. On the one hand, by a ferocious blasphemy aiming to demystify it, humbling all models to the worst human abjection. On the other hand, by slowly sliding into dark, alienating ritual avatars. Finally, the ritual is used as a pretext to comment upon the world. Ritualized everyday lives interrogate the place left to Man in society, and institutional rites aim to bring to light the violence inherent to religion. The rite also becomes a pretext for all sorts of games which paradoxically reveal darkness through apparent innocence. In contemporary drama, the rite is both valued as a dramatic tool and debased as an effective social construction. It remains as a mark, used as a representation model, but always in an incomplete form. For playwrights, the mark of the ritual is an experimentation field allowing them to renew dramatic writing as well as to challenge the stage.

Cette recherche se propose d'étudier les interactions entre l'espace scénique et la folie dans le théâtre contemporain. À partir de l'étude de scénographies et des lieux dans lesquels elles se déploient, nous souhaitons interroger le recours à la déraison, non pas comme thématique ou comme caractéristique de personnages, mais comme outil de questionnement et de renouvellement de l'espace théâtral. La folie, notion polémique dont l'existence même est régulièrement questionnée, constitue pour certains metteurs en scène et/ou scénographes la possibilité d'une remise en cause radicale du réalisme illusionniste et une passerelle vers la mise en place d'une "réalité théâtrale" au sens où Antonin Artaud l'entendait. Ces interactions peuvent se manifester par les lieux dans lesquels sont joués les spectacles, mais aussi par l'usage de la symptomatologie de la folie (hallucination, délire, rêves) comme élément perturbateur de l'espace scénique. La folie est alors employée pour bouleverser les repères du spectateur, qui n'est plus en prise avec une représentation de sa réalité quotidienne, ni une représentation de l'ambiance du drame ou de l'état mental d'un personnage, mais avec des espaces qui proposent une perception en dehors des normes de la raison. La folie n'apparaît donc plus dans la constitution d'une fable, mais dans la structure même des spectacles. Dans la lignée des recherches de certains groupes futuristes ou surréalistes, certaines mises en scène et scénographies contemporaines cherchent alors à se défaire d'une raison dominante et voit dans la déraison le moyen de remettre en cause l'ordre politique et social autant que l'ordre théâtral. / This research proposes to study existing interactions between scenic space and madness in contemporary theater. By studying scenography and locations where they occur, we wish to question the use of insanity, not as a theme or dimension of a character, but as a tool to question and renew theatrical space. Madness, a subject of debate whose very existence is regularly questioned, appears for certain directors and/or set designers as a way to radically question illusionist realism and as a pathway to a "theatrical reality" as perceived by Antonin Artaud. These interactions may be exploited by the site chosen for staging but also through the use of madness (hallucination, delirium, dreams) as a disruptive element of scenic space. Madness is then used to disorient the spectator : he is no longer exposed to a representation of his daily life, or a representation of the drama’s setting, or the mental state of a character, but with spaces that offer a perception outside the norms of reason. Madness no longer occurs in the creation of a fable, but in the very structure of theater. Along the lines of certain futurist or surrealist groups’ research, some contemporary staging and scenography therefore tries to do away with dominant reasoning, and view insanity as a means to question political and social order as much as theatrical order.