Inom ledarskapsteori skrivs det mycket om ledarens roll vad gäller organisationens framgång. Däremot finns det mindre skrivet om kopplingen mellan ledaren som person och dennes framgång i ledarskapet. Många människor hamnar i en ledarroll till följd av stor skicklighet inom det de gör men är olämpliga som ledare, många människor gör samtidigt ett fantastiskt jobb som ledare. Ledarrollen är inte en yrkesroll som går att kliva i och ur utan ett förhållningssätt som personen lever med. Ledarskapsförmågan går dock att utveckla på många sätt om ledaren har drivkraft och mod att vilja utvecklas. I grunden handlar det om individens självbild och självkänsla. Studien syftar till att belysa det personliga ledarskapets påverkan på det professionella ledarskapet och baseras på åtta samtal med människor vilka alla har lång erfarenhet av ledarskap på professionell nivå. Idag arbetar samtliga med eller föreläser om personlig utveckling och/eller ledarskap på ett eller annat vis. Resultatet behandlar frågor om; gott ledarskap, det personliga ledarskapet, kopplingen där emellan och utveckling av ledarskap. Ämnesområdena är kopplade till teorierna; Transformativt ledarskap och Autentiskt ledarskap, slutsatser är sedan dragna från det. I dagsläget ökar förståelsen för betydelsen av personligt ledarskap för ett bra ledarskap i arbetslivet, men forskningen inom ämnet är bristfällig. Ord som mod, människointresse och insikt är ständigt återkommande i empirin. Dock inte i teorin och är därmed faktorer som behöver mer efterforskning. / Leadership theory provides much of the manager's role in the organization's success. However, there is less written about the connection between the leader as a person and his success in profession. Many people get into a leadership role due to great skills in what they do but they are unsuitable as a leader, while many people do a fantastic job as leader. Leadership is not a profession that you are able to leave at desk; leadership is a lifestyle or a personality. Leadership ability can be developed in many ways if the leader has the driving force, courage and willingness to develop, in essence it is all grounded in the individual's self-image and self esteem. The study aims to highlight the personal leadership’s impact on the professional leadership and based on eight interviews with people who have extensive experience of leadership at the professional level, and also in one way or another work with or have lectures on personal development and leadership. The result is dealing with questions about; good leadership, personal leadership, the link between these and development of leadership. The subject is linked to the theories about Transformational Leadership and Authentic Leadership; conclusions are then drawn from it. In the current situation the understanding about the importance of personal leadership for the professional leadership is increasing, but research on the subject is inadequate. Words like; courage, human interest and insight are a constant factor in the empire, but not in the theory, this indicates that those factors need more research.

This thesis studies public service social workers' opinions regarding their ability to act with moral courage as loyalty conflicts occur. The purpose of the thesis is to describe the social workers' experiences of their possibilities to stand up for what they believe in. We made qualitative interviews with five social workers in Stockholm. In an effort to pinpoint their experiences we asked them questions about what they want but cannot do and what is stop-ping them, what they do not want to do and why, aswell as what the possible solutions would be as loyalty conflicts occur. We were able to identify five different opinions on the organisa-tional cultures and how the employees' experience the extent of their actions. The social workers agree that at the moment they are able to alert a manager should a loyalty conflict occur and neither would want to further complicate the situation by working slower.The ob-stacles for acting in a loyalty conflict is connected to the hierarchies and abuse of power and personal impediments like their own expectations and dejected opinions such as "nothing is going to change anyway". When the social worker chooses not to act it is often because of moral values.

The Youth for EcoAction (YEA) Program is a project of the Boys and Girls Clubs of Winnipeg involving youth at risk in after-school programming. The program focuses on urban agriculture and gardening projects and was developed using the circle of courage model of youth empowerment. This research used participatory methods, including participatory video to analyze the program and its benefits. The YEA program creates positive change in the lives of participants and at a community-wide level. These benefits include skill building and job training, improved self esteem, nutrition and food security, increased environmental awareness and behaviour, and greater community strength. Youth serving agencies, community development organizations and government policy makers should look to the YEA program as a model for youth empowerment and community revitalization. This thesis also explores benefits of participatory research, specifically participatory video, and documents the personal learnings and journey of the author from researcher to practitioner.

The Youth for EcoAction (YEA) Program is a project of the Boys and Girls Clubs of Winnipeg involving youth at risk in after-school programming. The program focuses on urban agriculture and gardening projects and was developed using the circle of courage model of youth empowerment. This research used participatory methods, including participatory video to analyze the program and its benefits. The YEA program creates positive change in the lives of participants and at a community-wide level. These benefits include skill building and job training, improved self esteem, nutrition and food security, increased environmental awareness and behaviour, and greater community strength. Youth serving agencies, community development organizations and government policy makers should look to the YEA program as a model for youth empowerment and community revitalization. This thesis also explores benefits of participatory research, specifically participatory video, and documents the personal learnings and journey of the author from researcher to practitioner.

This thesis examines the theoretical foundations of Brecht's and Sartre's "dialectical" theatre. Proceeding first from their most significant theoretical writings, it then studies representative plays--Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder and Les Mains sales--in an attempt to make explicit the relationship between theory and artistic practice. The textual analysis proper develops certain aspects of theme, structure and reception which in turn reveal meaningful differences and contradictions. Sartre's "dramatic" theatre in fact evidences a sort of ideological creativity whereas Brecht's "epic" theatre presents a more primordial artistic creativity. Therefore, though the concept of dialectical theatre (essentially political and/or historic) is a common thought-structure to both dramatists, its actualization differs. I will argue that Sartre's work shows a view of the art process as ideologically predetermined and almost ineluctable. Brecht's more primordial work, on the other hand, shows process as a creative anagnorisis, more immediate and archetypal. In the last chapter, I will give an overview of the changes in consciousness produced by these approaches of "dialectical" theatre and substantiate these by criticism that has dealt with the subject.

Este trabalho dissertativo tem por principal objetivo identificar e rastrear as percepções que o escritor argentino, Jorge Luís Borges, possuía sobre a história (mesmo não sendo historiador de formação) e como essas se manifestam através de seus contos literários. Para tanto, são analisados uma série de contos de sua autoria que priorizem essa investigação, produzidos em diversos e distintos momentos de sua vida. O texto dividese em duas partes (atos): no primeiro nosso enfoque será como Borges percebe o ato de se fazer/escrever história, ou seja, como se dá a produção, publicação, manifestação e aceitação de um texto histórico, e para isso cotejaremos três contos, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traidor y del heroe e Guayaquil. No segundo capítulo (ato) traremos uma vertente da escrita de Borges mais ligada a temáticas argentinas, suas narrativas criollas, e como que através dessas o autor constantemente reflete sobre a história da Argentina e de alguns de seus mais tradicionais personagens, os gauchos e compadritos, representando os valores, costumes e tradições dessas emblemáticas figuras. Nesse segundo momento analisaremos os contos Hombre de la esquina rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin e El sur. Em ambos os capítulos analisaremos como as percepções e representações de Borges sobre a história, seja em seu caráter mais “filosófico”, seja em seu caráter mais criollista (temáticas ligadas à Argentina) mudam com o passar da vida do autor. Se em um dado momento a história lhe parece “salvadora”, capaz de “gerar mudanças”, em outro lhe parecerá banal e tratada com ironia; já no segundo ato perceberemos como sua percepção sobre coragem como valor representativo de uma argentinidade também irá cambiar, assim como, quando pretende representar a Argentina ou Buenos Aires, seus pensamentos comumente estão ligados muito mais ao passado do que ao presente, gerando um sentimento de nostalgia por parte do autor. O principal objetivo é verificar, como a história, em último caso, será aqui vista como uma das temáticas ou “símbolos” que mais povoou a carreira literária de Jorge Luís Borges. / This research work is primarily focused on identifying and tracking the perceptions that the Argentine writer, Jorge Luis Borges, had on the History (even though he had no historian formation) and how these perceptions are manifested through his literary short stories. Therefore, we selected and analyzed a number of short stories of his own that conduct this research. Those were produced in various and different moments of his life. The dissertation is divided in two parts (acts): on the first one our focus will be on how Borges realizes the act of making / writing history, in other words, we will explore how the production, publication, demonstration and acceptance of a historical text happens, and, for that, we will analyze three short stories, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traitor y del héroe and Guayaquil. On the second chapter (act) we will bring Borges’ writings more linked to Argentine themes, their criollas narratives, and how through these narratives the author constantly reflects about the history of Argentina and some of its traditional characters, both the gauchos and compadritos representing their values, customs and traditions of these emblematic figures. On this second moment we will analyze the Hombre de la esquina Rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin and El sur. In both chapters we will analyze the perceptions and representations of Borges on the matters of history - on his most "philosophical" texts, or in his most criollista texts (those related to Argentina) – and its changes over the author's life. If at a certain moment the history seems to him as a "savior", something able to "create changes", in another moments it will seem banal and treated with irony; on the second act we realize how his perception of courage as a representative value of an Argentinity will also change, as well as when he wants to represent Argentina or Buenos Aires, his thoughts are usually linked more to the past than to the present, creating a sense of nostalgia felling in the author. Thus, our main objective is to verify how History, ultimately, is seen as a thematic or "symbols" that most appears in the literary work of Jorge Luis Borges.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-08-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_frr_me_assis.pdf: 1471651 bytes, checksum: bd5f3120db973d10a8afa75cfb12ca4f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise descritiva de três traduções para o português do romance The Red Badge of Courage, do escritor norte-americano Stephen Crane, a fim de verificar qual tradução evidencia uma correspondência estilística com o texto de partida. O capítulo 1 trata da vida do autor e de sua obra, situando-a em seu contexto histórico-literário, e de um breve estudo sobre as diversas obras e artigos que se dedicam à análise do livro em questão.O segundo capítulo discorre sobre a teoria da tradução e o problema do estilo na mesma. Esta pesquisa procura seguir a proposta de Aubert (1998) e de Barbosa (1990) no que diz respeito às modalidades (ou procedimentos) de tradução; o estudo das diferenças existentes entre os planos de representação lingüística de Vinay e Darbelnet (1995); e a tensão existente entre tradução literal e tradução livre. O capítulo 3 discorre sobre o movimento impressionista na pintura e suas influências na literatura e, portanto, em The Red Badge of Courage. O quarto capítulo trata da descrição e análise das traduções da referida obra, apontando as modalidades de tradução aplicadas aos textos, observando as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos tradutores, bem como as soluções por eles encontradas a fim de manterem o sentido do original e recriarem a forma do texto língua de partida. / The present work aims at a descriptive analysis of three translations into Portuguese of The Red Badge of Courage, by the American Stephen Crane, in order to find out which translation conveys a stylistic correspondence with the source text. Chapter 1 deals with the author's life and work, putting The Red Badge of Courage in its literary-historical context, and with a brief study about the several books and articles that contribute themselves to the analysis of The Red Badge of Courage. The second chapter is about the theory of translation and the problem of style in it. This research attempts to follow Aubert's (1998) and Barbosa's (1990) proposals regarding the procedures of translation; the study of differences between the concrete and abstract levels of expression by Vinay & Darbelnet (1995); and also the tension between literal and free translation. Chapter 3 discourses on Impressionism in painting and its influence on literature and therefore on The Red Badge of Courage. The fourth chapter deals with the description and analysis of excerpts of the above-mentioned book, pointing out the procedures of translation employed in the texts, noticing the difficulties faced by the translators, as well as the solutions they found in order to keep the original meaning and to recreate the form of the source text.

Este trabalho dissertativo tem por principal objetivo identificar e rastrear as percepções que o escritor argentino, Jorge Luís Borges, possuía sobre a história (mesmo não sendo historiador de formação) e como essas se manifestam através de seus contos literários. Para tanto, são analisados uma série de contos de sua autoria que priorizem essa investigação, produzidos em diversos e distintos momentos de sua vida. O texto dividese em duas partes (atos): no primeiro nosso enfoque será como Borges percebe o ato de se fazer/escrever história, ou seja, como se dá a produção, publicação, manifestação e aceitação de um texto histórico, e para isso cotejaremos três contos, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traidor y del heroe e Guayaquil. No segundo capítulo (ato) traremos uma vertente da escrita de Borges mais ligada a temáticas argentinas, suas narrativas criollas, e como que através dessas o autor constantemente reflete sobre a história da Argentina e de alguns de seus mais tradicionais personagens, os gauchos e compadritos, representando os valores, costumes e tradições dessas emblemáticas figuras. Nesse segundo momento analisaremos os contos Hombre de la esquina rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin e El sur. Em ambos os capítulos analisaremos como as percepções e representações de Borges sobre a história, seja em seu caráter mais “filosófico”, seja em seu caráter mais criollista (temáticas ligadas à Argentina) mudam com o passar da vida do autor. Se em um dado momento a história lhe parece “salvadora”, capaz de “gerar mudanças”, em outro lhe parecerá banal e tratada com ironia; já no segundo ato perceberemos como sua percepção sobre coragem como valor representativo de uma argentinidade também irá cambiar, assim como, quando pretende representar a Argentina ou Buenos Aires, seus pensamentos comumente estão ligados muito mais ao passado do que ao presente, gerando um sentimento de nostalgia por parte do autor. O principal objetivo é verificar, como a história, em último caso, será aqui vista como uma das temáticas ou “símbolos” que mais povoou a carreira literária de Jorge Luís Borges. / This research work is primarily focused on identifying and tracking the perceptions that the Argentine writer, Jorge Luis Borges, had on the History (even though he had no historian formation) and how these perceptions are manifested through his literary short stories. Therefore, we selected and analyzed a number of short stories of his own that conduct this research. Those were produced in various and different moments of his life. The dissertation is divided in two parts (acts): on the first one our focus will be on how Borges realizes the act of making / writing history, in other words, we will explore how the production, publication, demonstration and acceptance of a historical text happens, and, for that, we will analyze three short stories, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traitor y del héroe and Guayaquil. On the second chapter (act) we will bring Borges’ writings more linked to Argentine themes, their criollas narratives, and how through these narratives the author constantly reflects about the history of Argentina and some of its traditional characters, both the gauchos and compadritos representing their values, customs and traditions of these emblematic figures. On this second moment we will analyze the Hombre de la esquina Rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin and El sur. In both chapters we will analyze the perceptions and representations of Borges on the matters of history - on his most "philosophical" texts, or in his most criollista texts (those related to Argentina) – and its changes over the author's life. If at a certain moment the history seems to him as a "savior", something able to "create changes", in another moments it will seem banal and treated with irony; on the second act we realize how his perception of courage as a representative value of an Argentinity will also change, as well as when he wants to represent Argentina or Buenos Aires, his thoughts are usually linked more to the past than to the present, creating a sense of nostalgia felling in the author. Thus, our main objective is to verify how History, ultimately, is seen as a thematic or "symbols" that most appears in the literary work of Jorge Luis Borges.

Este trabalho dissertativo tem por principal objetivo identificar e rastrear as percepções que o escritor argentino, Jorge Luís Borges, possuía sobre a história (mesmo não sendo historiador de formação) e como essas se manifestam através de seus contos literários. Para tanto, são analisados uma série de contos de sua autoria que priorizem essa investigação, produzidos em diversos e distintos momentos de sua vida. O texto dividese em duas partes (atos): no primeiro nosso enfoque será como Borges percebe o ato de se fazer/escrever história, ou seja, como se dá a produção, publicação, manifestação e aceitação de um texto histórico, e para isso cotejaremos três contos, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traidor y del heroe e Guayaquil. No segundo capítulo (ato) traremos uma vertente da escrita de Borges mais ligada a temáticas argentinas, suas narrativas criollas, e como que através dessas o autor constantemente reflete sobre a história da Argentina e de alguns de seus mais tradicionais personagens, os gauchos e compadritos, representando os valores, costumes e tradições dessas emblemáticas figuras. Nesse segundo momento analisaremos os contos Hombre de la esquina rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin e El sur. Em ambos os capítulos analisaremos como as percepções e representações de Borges sobre a história, seja em seu caráter mais “filosófico”, seja em seu caráter mais criollista (temáticas ligadas à Argentina) mudam com o passar da vida do autor. Se em um dado momento a história lhe parece “salvadora”, capaz de “gerar mudanças”, em outro lhe parecerá banal e tratada com ironia; já no segundo ato perceberemos como sua percepção sobre coragem como valor representativo de uma argentinidade também irá cambiar, assim como, quando pretende representar a Argentina ou Buenos Aires, seus pensamentos comumente estão ligados muito mais ao passado do que ao presente, gerando um sentimento de nostalgia por parte do autor. O principal objetivo é verificar, como a história, em último caso, será aqui vista como uma das temáticas ou “símbolos” que mais povoou a carreira literária de Jorge Luís Borges. / This research work is primarily focused on identifying and tracking the perceptions that the Argentine writer, Jorge Luis Borges, had on the History (even though he had no historian formation) and how these perceptions are manifested through his literary short stories. Therefore, we selected and analyzed a number of short stories of his own that conduct this research. Those were produced in various and different moments of his life. The dissertation is divided in two parts (acts): on the first one our focus will be on how Borges realizes the act of making / writing history, in other words, we will explore how the production, publication, demonstration and acceptance of a historical text happens, and, for that, we will analyze three short stories, La loteria en Babilonia, Tema del traitor y del héroe and Guayaquil. On the second chapter (act) we will bring Borges’ writings more linked to Argentine themes, their criollas narratives, and how through these narratives the author constantly reflects about the history of Argentina and some of its traditional characters, both the gauchos and compadritos representing their values, customs and traditions of these emblematic figures. On this second moment we will analyze the Hombre de la esquina Rosada, Historia de Rosendo Juárez, El muerto, El fin and El sur. In both chapters we will analyze the perceptions and representations of Borges on the matters of history - on his most "philosophical" texts, or in his most criollista texts (those related to Argentina) – and its changes over the author's life. If at a certain moment the history seems to him as a "savior", something able to "create changes", in another moments it will seem banal and treated with irony; on the second act we realize how his perception of courage as a representative value of an Argentinity will also change, as well as when he wants to represent Argentina or Buenos Aires, his thoughts are usually linked more to the past than to the present, creating a sense of nostalgia felling in the author. Thus, our main objective is to verify how History, ultimately, is seen as a thematic or "symbols" that most appears in the literary work of Jorge Luis Borges.

This study, written by Fredrica Eurén and Linnea Skoglund, is about how prison guards who work in a detention department in Stockholm experience the treatment of homeless people who are taken into care due to intoxication. The captive homeless often receive an extra favorable treatment from the prison guards that differs from the standardized work routines. The motivations for special treatment are based on the meeting that takes place between the homeless person in care and the prison guard. The deviations that are made, as well as extra benefits that are given to the homeless in care, include food and drink and also the opportunity to stay longer in custody so that the homeless person can spend a little more time inside. The results are analyzed using two theories: emotional work and street level bureaucracy. These theories partly explain how employees in certain professions cope with emotions, and partly how employees at street level within government organizations use their discretion in decision making. Similar studies have been carried out in prison, but not in arrest as examined in this study. The results suggest that the prison guards, to some extent, feel a kind of civil courage towards the homeless, which in turn means that they provide more favorable treatment to the homeless in custody. / Denna studie av Fredrica Eurén och Linnea Skoglund, handlar om hur kriminalvårdare som arbetar på arrestavdelning i Stockholm upplever hanteringen av hemlösa som omhändertas på grund av berusning. De omhändertagna hemlösa erhåller många gånger en extra förmånlig behandling av kriminalvårdarna, vilket skiljer sig från de standardiserade arbetsrutiner som finns inom myndigheten. Avstegen från rutinerna som görs, samt även motiveringarna till denna specialbehandling, baseras i grunden på det möte som sker mellan den omhändertagna hemlöse och kriminalvårdaren. De avsteg samt extra förmåner som ges till omhändertagna hemlösa, är bland annat mat och dryck samt möjligheten till att få stanna längre på arresten för att den intagne ska få spendera lite mer tid under tak. Resultatet analyseras med hjälp av två teorier: emotionellt arbete och gräsrotsbyråkrati. Dessa förklarar dels hur medarbetare inom vissa yrken arbetar med känslor på arbetet samt hur de hanterar dessa, dels hur medarbetare på gatunivå inom myndighetsorganisationer agerar inom ett visst handlingsutrymme som ges dem. Liknande studier har genomförts på anstalter, men inte på arresten såsom denna studie undersöker. Resultatet talar för att kriminalvårdarna till viss del känner en typ av civilkurage gentemot de hemlösa, vilket i sin tur gör att de ger mer förmånlig behandling till omhändertagna hemlösa.