The aim of this thesis is to create knowledge on discursive formations surrounding literature that is being produced and/or reproduced in Sweden today. This is achieved by studying how the project group members responsible for writing the Gothenburg application to become a UNESCO City of Literature, and other key players involved in this process, argue for the values of literature and why a membership in the UNESCO creative cities network would be beneficial for Gothenburg city, its citizens and the literary field. To this end, both documents related to the process of getting Gothenburg’s candidature approved by UNESCO and interviews with the project group members responsible for writing the application to UNESCO are studied and analyzed. Eight interviews were conducted with members of the project group using a semi-structured qualitative interview methodology. The theoretical framework for this thesis consists of a foucauldian discourse analysis, ideology and studies of institutional logics in Swedish cultural politics. While analyzing the collected material, I was able to identify several dominating discursive formations about literature and literary work, as well as minor, competing discursive formations, that can all be recognized in how Swedish cultural policy have been discussed historically. These are later related to overarching ideological and political structures that are connected to them. Key findings include that literature is portrayed as a human right, as essential to a healthy, sustainable democracy and as something with inherent value. The project group members navigate predominant discursive formations and ideological understandings of literature, creating an environment where literary work is prioritized.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-05-25T14:57:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice Eckert Zignani_pdf.pdf: 34154657 bytes, checksum: aad33bb169c92e697148f4ea44ff6ba7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-25T14:57:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice Eckert Zignani_pdf.pdf: 34154657 bytes, checksum: aad33bb169c92e697148f4ea44ff6ba7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-12 / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / No contexto urbano da cidade de Novo Hamburgo, surgiram, a partir da obra para implementação da linha férrea em 2014, diversos vazios urbanos ao longo do percurso do trem. Possivelmente devido ao contexto de construção em malha urbana consolidada, espaços que outrora foram funcionais passaram a não ter uso. A população não criou vínculos nem ocupou a área residual formada embaixo dos trilhos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de buscar alternativas para reincorporar estas áreas na cidade e no cotidiano de seus habitantes. O trabalho iniciou com o referencial teórico acerca de conceitos necessários para a compreensão do tema de trabalho, sendo eles: vazios urbanos, cidades criativas, espaço público, mobilidade urbana, direito à cidade e lugar e não lugar. Na sequência, buscaram-se referências de transformações urbanas ocorridas, que pudessem ilustrar as possibilidades de mudança para o município hamburguense. Na continuidade, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, através da aplicação de um questionário com o intuito de identificar a percepção da população sobre o uso do espaço. A compilação de todas essas informações resultou em um projeto urbano para a área central da cidade, mais precisamente no entorno da Estação Novo Hamburgo. O princípio norteador deste projeto foi regido pela temática das cidades criativas, por entender-se que esse contexto é adequado à transformação urbana almejada. O resultado deste trabalho é, portanto, uma proposta projetual, passível de mudanças futuras e de continuidade ao longo de toda a extensão da linha férrea. / In the urban context of the city of Novo Hamburgo, Brazil, several vacant spaces emerged as a result of the implementation of an elevated railway track in 2014. Possibly due to its construction in a densely built-up area, spaces that were once functional to the city became useless. The residents did not create ties to this area, nor did they effectively occupy the area under the tracks. Our aim in this thesis is thus to seek alternatives to reintegrate such areas to the city and to the everyday life of its residents. Our thesis begins with a review of the concepts employed to grasp our object of study, including vacant spaces, creative cities, public space, urban mobility, right to the city, place/non place. After that, we reviewed urban interventions in other cities that could inspire an intervention in Novo Hamburgo. Following that, we carried out fieldwork that consisted in a questionnaire with the aim of identifying the residents’ perceptions on the use of space. After compiling all this information, we propose a project for the central area of the city, more precisely the area surrounding the city’s main train station. The guiding principle of this project is the idea of creative cities, which we believe frame the context of the urban transformations we are seeking. The result of our work is thus a proposal for intervention, open to future adjustments and to an extension to the rest of the rail track.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-27T17:50:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna do Nascimento Remus.pdf: 4792012 bytes, checksum: e0c337783ab90351e3b21a52c03d62cf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-27T17:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna do Nascimento Remus.pdf: 4792012 bytes, checksum: e0c337783ab90351e3b21a52c03d62cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-31 / Nenhuma / A globalização aparece hoje como um processo que permeia as mais diversas relações e contextos, influenciando as dinâmicas sociais, econômicas e culturais. Nesse cenário, fenômenos como a hibridação cultural proposta por Canclini e a compressão tempo-espaço exposta por Bauman aparecem influenciando as dinâmicas que nos envolvem. Como resultado das ações de todos esses processos, surgem alterações na lógica da construção de identidades, bem como na lógica de consumo, onde tais relações acabam acarretando em esvaziamentos dos territórios, (vistos como extensão das identidades e possuindo identidades próprias), e transformação destes em mercadorias. Nesse contexto surge o conceito de Cidades Criativas, que será discutido como a base desta pesquisa. Compreendido tal conceito, cenários para a cidade de Porto Alegre serão construídos e, a partir de uma lógica do design, se dará a reflexão que é o objetivo desta pesquisa: pensar Porto Alegre, através de uma ótica do design, no contexto das Cidades Criativas, gerando uma atualização deste conceito trazido para a área do design. / This research comes from the acknowledgment of globalization's actual stage that today seems to be a process that permeates the most complex relations and contexts, influencing the social, economical and cultural dynamics. As consequence of this process, phenoms such as the cultural hybridisation proposed by Canclini and the compression of time and space exposed by Bauman appear, altering the territorial dynamics, generating the emptying and retaking of territories, represented by the concepts of deterritorialization and reterritorialization. In this context of emptying cities, this research focuses on the comprehension of the concept of "creative cities" as a device of territorial valorization, reinventing and innovating the cities from their very own crises. The objective is to verify in the context of the studied project aspects of the strengths and weaknesses for the supplying of means so that the city of Porto Alegre can project as a creative city. The methodological approach happens through strategic design, understanding projective factors capable of evincing a creative logic for cities. As an empirical study, a case study was developed about “PortoAlegre.cc” project. This project is an initiative made in the city of Porto Alegre that furthers the participation of the population on the search for solutions of the city's problems. The analysis and discussion of the case happens through the methodology of scenario building oriented by design and complements itself in an experiment. The results point that “PortoAlegre.cc” project, while still not being able to supply the needed conditions to start a process of articulating the city as a creative city, is a fundamental initiative that represents a change in mentality about the process of co-creating a city.

This thesis examines the development of Asian cultural modernity in the cities of Singapore, Hong Kong and Shanghai through their fashion magazines. These three cities have positioned themselves as aspirants to global city status, concurrently facilitating their ambitions by relaxing media laws and emphasising cultural production. One outcome is a growth in the production and consumption of fashion magazines. There has been a parallel growth in the consumption of and interest in fashion and self-adornment in these cities, particularly through global brand names. This thesis investigates these cultural transformations by examining the production of fashion texts in the context of their cities. It does this by utilising the concept of fashion journalism (as a product of fashion, journalism and the city) as a means of identifying the contemporary social, cultural and political articulations of these fashion texts. To do so, this research draws together a framework that takes into account different fields (fashion, journalism, modernity, city, Asia) that contribute to the concept of fashion journalism, thereby approaching fashion texts through a multi-disciplinary perspective anchored by establishing the contexts of each city and its specific magazine. The subsequent analyses of Vision (Shanghai), WestEast (Hong Kong) and Harper's Bazaar Singapore reflect and capture an evolution of these cities coming into their own. With particular emphasis on the cultural assertions of global Chinese identities in WestEast, an escape from national discourses through participating in cosmopolitanism in Harper's, and the emphasis on popular visual culture as a form of popular literacy and knowledge formation in Vision. These findings contribute firstly, towards an understanding of the issues occurring in the cultural modernisation of these cities and secondly, of fashion journalism as a promoter of the experiences of cultural modernity in Asia.

[pt] Frente à acirrada competição entre cidades, é tarefa dos gestores proporcionar um ambiente de atração para visitantes e investimentos, além de manter os residentes satisfeitos. Portanto, o desenvolvimento local vai além das políticas públicas e se torna um desafio de mercado. Ademais, há um reconhecimento crescente por parte dos gestores e outros agentes de que uma cena musical dinâmica impulsiona a economia ao criar empregos, atrair turistas e fortalecer a marca da cidade. Diante desse contexto, este estudo investiga como a indústria da música ao vivo afeta o processo de construção da marca de uma cidade, analisa os componentes e dimensões dessa indústria e também mostra como uma cidade pode articulá-los para fomentar o desenvolvimento e fortalecer sua marca. A pesquisa foi realizada através de um estudo de caso múltiplo realizado no Rio de Janeiro e em Montreal, cidades com forte tradição de música ao vivo. Como resultado, foi desenvolvido um modelo teórico que propõe a divisão da infraestrutura de música ao vivo em duas partes: uma voltada para grandes eventos e outra voltada para o que acontece durante todo o ano, fora dos grandes eventos. A pesquisa aponta que os grandes eventos têm uma forte influência na marca da cidade. No entanto, é o que acontece ao longo do ano que nutre a identidade cultural de uma cidade, que por sua vez tem uma forte influência na marca da cidade. Os resultados destacam que: (a) as cenas musicais de uma cidade podem ser um argumento turístico porque são um elemento de diferenciação; (b) as cidades devem proteger seus espaços de pequeno e médio porte, pois eles tornam os eventos musicais mais acessíveis e relevantes para a população de diferentes territórios; (c) a proteção da indústria de música ao vivo de uma cidade está conectada com a preservação de seu patrimônio musical. A herança musical influencia a composição, produção, consumo e outros aspectos envolvidos nas cenas musicais de uma cidade; (d) é fundamental garantir a continuidade das políticas públicas de cultura e estabelecer um processo mais inclusivo que considere a diversidade do público; e (e) considerando a escassez de recursos, o financiamento público deve priorizar o apoio à educação musical, aos eventos musicais ao longo do ano e à preservação do patrimônio da cidade. O estudo também mostra que as Secretarias de Turismo e Cultura devem trabalhar juntas para manter a autenticidade da marca da cidade, pois o que não está exclusivamente ligado a um lugar pode ser replicado por outra cidade e, portanto, não pode ser considerado um elemento de diferenciação. Este estudo pretende fornecer informações para acadêmicos, profissionais da indústria musical, gestores públicos envolvidos no desenvolvimento econômico e cultural, e profissionais de turismo que procuram maneiras de impulsionar as economias locais por meio da cultura. / [en] With the increasingly fierce competition among cities, place managers must provide an environment capable of not only attracting visitors and investments but also keeping residents satisfied. Therefore, local development goes beyond public policy and becomes a market challenge. Furthermore, there is a growing recognition among governments and other stakeholders that a dynamic music scene boosts a city s economy by creating jobs, attracting tourists, and strengthening the city s brand. Within this context, the present study investigates how the live music industry affects the process of building a city s brand. The project analyzes the components and dimensions of the live music industry and also shows how a city can articulate them in order to foster the development of its live music industry and strengthen its brand. This analysis was based on a multiple-case study conducted in Rio de Janeiro and in Montreal, cities with strong and long-standing traditions of live music. A theoretical model was developed as a result of this inquiry. It proposes the breakdown of the city cultural infrastructure into two parts: a live music infrastructure geared towards major events, and a live music infrastructure geared towards what happens year-round, outside of major events. The findings show that major events have a strong influence on city branding. Yet the research also shows that it is what happens throughout the year that nourishes a city s cultural identity, which in turn has a strong influence on the city s brand. The results highlight that: (a) strong music scenes can be a tourism argument because they are an element of differentiation; (b) cities must protect their small and medium-sized venues because these spaces can make music events more accessible and relevant to the population of different territories; (c) the protection of the live music industry of a city and the preservation of its musical heritage go hand in hand. Musical heritage influences music composition, consumption and other aspects involved in a city s music scenes; (d) ensuring the continuity of public policies for culture and establishing a more inclusive process that considers the diversity of the audience is key; and (e) considering the scarcity of resources, public funding should prioritize support for music education, year-round live music events, and the preservation of the city s heritage. The study also emphasizes that the Tourism Office and Bureau of Cultural Affairs should work together to keep city branding authentic, since what is not uniquely linked to a place can easily replicated, and therefore can t be considered an element of differentiation. This study intends to provide information for academics, music industry professionals, political leaders and government officials involved in economic and/or cultural development, and tourism and business leaders looking for ways to boost local economies through culture.

This study aimed to delve into the historical trajectory of urban development in Norrköping, witha particular focus on its intertwined narrative of industrialization, post-industrial transition, andcultural evolution, with a specific emphasis on The Creative Cities Theory. Furthermore,investigate what paths the city seems to be taking today and where they are going in the future.Once known as an industrial city, Norrköping, like many other cities between the 1950s and 1960s,suffered from the dismantling of industry, resulting in the population facing social challenges suchas unemployment and deteriorating economic conditions. This also had a significant impact on thecity's appearance, and the city planners were challenged to renew and find new ways forNorrköping, such as the culture that had begun to flourish in the city. The research questions couldbe answered by conducting a qualitative data analysis of " The Comprehensive Plan for the city ofNorrköping" and two semi-structured interviews with representatives from the municipality ofNorrköping. The results showed that Norrköping is a city strongly shaped by its history of industry,culture, and politics. Today, the municipality is trying to use the geographical locations andphysical buildings that remain to either reuse them by placing new activities there or building newones on site. Furthermore, the city is facing significant changes in the management of culture andcultural institutions in the city. This is seen as a threat to its previously strong position in the city.

Le jeu vidéo est un produit qui ne cesse de gagner en popularité alors que les expériences ludiques tendent de plus en plus à se diversifier. Les recherches académiques sur l’objet vidéoludique se sont multipliées dans les dernières années afin de comprendre les particularités du nouveau média, surtout en ce qui concerne l’analyse du produit lui-même et sa réception, mais laissant peu de place à sa créa-tion et sa production. Montréal est un lieu idéal pour étudier le médium : en peu de temps, l’industrie du jeu vidéo est devenue l’un des fleurons industriels québécois. La présente étude s’est intéressée aux développeurs de Montréal, ville où se situe la plus grande partie des studios au Québec, afin de connaître leur perception du produit vidéoludique et de l’industrie. Au travers d’une perspective phénoménologique, un séjour ethno-graphique a été effectué dans un studio de production vidéoludique où plusieurs développeurs ont été observés et interviewés. Ce travail s’inscrit dans une anthropologie du travail et rend compte de la com-plexité qui émerge lorsqu’un travail essentiellement créatif vient se heurter à des motifs de production strictes. Plus encore, il rend compte d’un paradigme opposant directement la création et la production dans un milieu qui se présente comme une avenue prometteuse pour une jeunesse désirant vivre d’un travail créatif. Cette condition est attribuable à la nature du jeu vidéo lui-même qui se situe, selon Kline, Dyer-Witheford et De Peuter (2003), à mi-chemin entre la culture, la technologie et les visées commerciales (marketing). Les développeurs se trouvent donc entre deux eaux : d’un côté ils sont influencés par la culture du jeu, relevant de leurs pratiques, leurs préférences et des commu-nautés de développeurs et, de l’autre côté, par l’industrie qui dicte les façons de faire et viennent selon eux minimiser leur potentiel créatif. / The video game is increasing in popularity as the ludic experience is diversi-fying. Within the last few years, it became the research field of many academics trying to understand the new media either by studying the game itself or its recep-tion. However, they put aside its creation or production which is an important part of the cultural product. Montreal is an ideal place to study the video game since it rapidly became one of the most valued sectors in Quebec’s industry, and because most of the studios are in Montreal. This research focus on Montreal’s game developers and their vision of the product and the industry by using a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through an ethnographical fieldwork where many developers were ob-served and interviewed. This study inserts in an anthropology of work and focus on the complexity that emerges when creative work encounters productive work. We elaborate a paradigm opposing creativity and productivity in a workplace that is seen to be essentially creative for a youth wanting to be creative. The video game’s nature can explain this situation since it is directly influenced, as Kline, Dyer-Witheford et De Peuter (2003) argued, by culture, technology and marketing. Developers occupy a space that is primarily influenced, on the one hand, by their culture, practices, and the developers’ community but, on the other hand, they need to subscribe to the industry’s constraints and way to do a game that dimin-ishes their creative potential.

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