La maladie de Crohn (MC) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique du tube digestif caractérisée par un état d’hyperactivation du système immunitaire intestinal. Les données cliniques et expérimentales montrent que l’étiologie de la MC serait une réponse immunitaire aberrante à des facteurs environnementaux et/ou infectieux chez un hôte génétiquement prédisposé. Les patients atteints de MC présentent une perméabilité intestinale anormalement élevée pouvant expliquer la stimulation du système immunitaire intestinal par les bactéries et antigènes du microbiote. La muqueuse iléale des patients atteints de MC est anormalement colonisée par des souches de Escherichia coli ayant la propriété d’adhérer et d’envahir les cellules épithéliales intestinales, de survivre et de se multiplier dans les macrophages en entraînant la sécrétion de TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha). Un pathovar de E. coli associé à la MC et dénommé AIEC pour « Adherent-Invasive E. coli » a été défini. Les souches AIEC adhérent via l’adhésine FimH des pili de type 1 aux résidus mannose de la glycoprotéine CEACAM6, anormalement exprimée au niveau de l’épithélium iléal des patients atteints de MC. Au cours de la maladie, l’inflammation intestinale peut être contrôlée par les traitements médicamenteux ou la chirurgie sans pour autant obtenir de rémission complète et définitive.Le but du travail était d’analyser les conséquences de l’infection par des bactéries AIEC in vivo dans un modèle murin reproduisant l’interaction AIEC/CEACAM6 et de proposer des stratégies pour éliminer ces bactéries de l’intestin. Nous avons montré que les AIEC avaient la capacité d’altérer la fonction de barrière de l’épithélium intestinal chez des souris transgéniques CEABAC10 exprimant CEACAM6. Cette altération est associée à une forte induction de l’expression de la protéine de jonction Claudine-2, comme observée chez les patients atteints de MC. Nous avons ensuite démontré que la levure S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 et des produits de levures étaient capables de maintenir l’intégrité de la barrière intestinale des souris en prévenant la colonisation du tractus digestif par les bactéries AIEC. Dans une deuxième partie, nous nous sommes intéressés au développement de nouvelles molécules antagonistes de l’adhésine FimH. Les thiazolylaminomannosides ont montré un puissant effet inhibiteur de l’adhésion des bactéries AIEC à des cellules épithéliales intestinales. Les heptyl-mannosides sont également de puissants inhibiteurs de l’adhésion des AIEC et leur présentation en multivalence sur des corps polymériques ou des cyclodextrines potentialisent l’effet anti-adhésif. De manière intéressante, certains heptyl-mannosides diminuent fortement la colonisation de l’intestin par les bactéries AIEC et préviennent la colite chez des souris CEABAC10. Toutefois, la multivalence n’apporte pas d’efficacité supplémentaire dans ce contexte. En conclusion, deux stratégies anti-adhésives ont été étudiées : les levures et les mannosides. Elles pourraient être proposées aux patients atteints de MC fortement colonisés par les AIEC afin d’éliminer ces bactéries du tractus digestif pour espérer diminuer l’inflammation. Les perspectives à ce travail seront la mise au point de techniques de détection simples et rapides des personnes colonisées ou susceptibles d’être colonisées par ces souches de E. coli pour cibler la population à traiter par les probiotiques levures et les molécules anti-adhésives. / Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a multifactorial etiology, resulting from an exacerbated inflammatory response to intestinal microbes and/or microbial components in genetically susceptible hosts. CD patients present an increased intestinal permeability which can favor the overstimulation of the intestinal immune system by bacteria or antigens from microbiota. Ileal mucosa from CD patients is abnormally colonized by Escherichia coli strains sharing the ability to adhere to and to invade intestinal epithelial cells, to survive and to replicate within macrophages, inducing high secretion of TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-). These strains associated with CD are grouped in a pathovar of E. coli named AIEC for « Adherent-Invasive E. coli ». AIEC bacteria adhere via the adhesin FimH localized at the tip of the type 1 pili, to mannose residues exposed on the glycoprotein CEACAM6 abnormally expressed at the ileal mucosa of CD patients. Currently, intestinal inflammation can be controlled with drugs or intestinal surgery but total remission cannot be yet achieved. The aim of the present work was to investigate consequences of AIEC infection in a murine model mimicking the AIEC/CEACAM6 interaction and to test different strategies to eradicate these bacteria from the gut. We showed that AIEC bacteria altered barrier function of the intestinal epithelium in transgenic CEABAC10 mice expressing human CEACAM6. The overexpression of the pore-forming tight junction protein claudin-2 was correlated with the increase intestinal permeability, as observed in CD patients. We demonstrated that the yeast strain S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856, as well as some yeast products, were able to prevent increase of intestinal permeability in decreasing AIEC gut colonization. In a second part, we investigated another strategy targeting AIEC bacteria using antagonists to FimH adhesin. Thiazolylaminomannosides molecules exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the ability of AIEC bacteria to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells. Heptyl-mannosides (HM) also shared high inhibitory properties in vitro and their efficacy can be potentiated when HM are harbored in multiple copies on polymeric or cyclodextrin cores. Interestingly, some HM molecules strongly decreased AIEC gut colonization and the signs of colitis in vivo, in AIEC LF82-infected CEABAC10 mice. In that context, multivalency did not improve inhibitors efficacy.To conclude, two different strategies were studied: probiotic yeasts and anti-adhesive mannosides. These treatments should be proposed in CD patients highly colonized by AIEC bacteria in order to eliminate these bacteria from the gut and to decrease intestinal inflammation. Future works will focus on the development of quick and easy detection methods to determine people colonized or susceptible to be colonized by AIEC bacteria to treat this subpopulation of CD patients.

Hintergrund: Angaben zu Inzidenz und Prävalenz von chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland fehlen bisher, die Daten des im Jahr 2000 gegründeten Sächsischen CED-Registers für Kinder und Jugendliche wurden bisher nicht veröffentlicht. Bei internen Diskussionen der Registerdaten zeigte sich stets eine nicht erklärbare abfallende altersspezifische Inzidenz der CED ab dem 15. Lebensjahr. Es wurde vermutet, dass einige ältere Jugendliche ausschließlich von Erwachsenengastroenterologen betreut wurden und bei einigen Adoleszenten eine längere diagnostische Latenz zur Diagnosestellung nach dem 18. Lebensjahr führte. Patienten und Methoden: Zur Prüfung der Thesen wurden alle gastroenterologisch tätigen Internisten in Leipzig aufgesucht und Patienten eingeschlossen, bei denen bis zum 26. Lebensjahr in den Jahren 2005-2009 eine CED endoskopisch neu diagnostiziert wurde. Die Auswertung des Sächsischen CED-Registers erfolgte hinsichtlich Inzidenz, Prävalenz, Geschlechterverteilung und diagnostischer Latenz im Zehnjahreszeitraum 2000-2009. Ergebnisse: Es wurden tatsächlich einige Jugendliche vor dem 18. Lebensjahr ausschließlich von Internisten betreut und nicht an das Register gemeldet. Die korrigierte Inzidenz von CED bei Patienten bis zum 18. Lebensjahr in Leipzig lag um 37 % höher als im Register angegeben. Nach dem 15. Lebensjahr wurde – ebenfalls in Abweichung zu den Registerdaten – ein kontinuierlicher Anstieg der altersspezifischen Inzidenz bis zum 18. Lebensjahr registriert. Es zeigte sich eine Tendenz zur längeren diagnostischen Latenz bei Adoleszenten, die sich jedoch nicht statistisch sichern ließ. Bis zum 15. Lebensjahr wurden nahezu alle Patienten im CED-Register erfasst.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn´s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UK). The diseases are chronic and have a pattern of relapses interspersed with relatively symptom-free periods. Common symptoms during relapse are diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss. Since you have IBD for life it is important to find ways to relate to and cope with the disease. In that process a nurse can be of great help. Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to increase the understanding of how adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease experience their daily lives.   Method: The method used was a literature review. A literature search was performed in two separate databases which resulted in eleven examined and analyzed articles on the subject.  Results: After the analyze of the articles three different themes emerged: Limitations in daily life, Self-image and self-esteem and finally Self-care and strategies. Several individuals felt limited one way or the other in their daily life. They also described how their self-esteem was affected. Some positive changes due to the disease were also described. For example some changed their exercise and food habits for the better. Discussion: The results are discussed through the perspective of Antonovsky’s (1991/2005) salutogenic view and were connected to how the SOC (Sense of Coherence) was affected. The importance of relatives’ support and self-care was also discussed.

Bakgrund: Inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom (IBD) inkluderar ulcerös kolit och Crohns sjukdom. De är kroniska och uppkommer i skov då tarmslemhinnan blir inflammerad och sårig vilket ger en komplex symtombild med akuta diarréer, rektalblödning och buksmärtor. Behandlingen går ut på att minska symtom och förebygga uppkomst av skov. Då dessa sjukdomar påverkar det dagliga livet så påverkas också den individuella hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten, vilket mäter den fysiska, psykiska och sociala aspekten av ett hälsoproblem. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva upplevelsen av hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos personer med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har gjorts där tolv vetenskapliga artiklar har utgjort grunden till resultatet och skapat en översikt på befintlig forskning. De har lästs, sammanfattats och analyserats där likheter och skillnader har hittats och teman bildats. Resultat: Resultatets fyra huvudteman är Fysisk funktion, Psykisk funktion, Social funktion och Att återställa sin livskvalitet. Det framkom i resultatet att de fysiska symtomen och sjukdomsaktiviteten är det som i huvudsak styr såväl det psykiska välmåendet som de sociala restriktionerna. Detta visade sig även ha en negativ inverkan på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten. Men med tiden blev dock sjukdomen en normal del av livet och en bättre livskvalitet upplevdes. Diskussion: Metodens tillvägagångssätt samt fördelar och nackdelar diskuteras och analyseras. Vid diskussion av resultatet tas främst kunskap, utbildning och tidsperspektivet upp samt återkopplas till Orems egenvårdsteori. / Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. They are chronic and occur in relapses when the mucosal becomes inflamed and ulcerated, causing complex symptoms such as acute diarrhoea, rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. The treatment aims to reduce symptoms and prevent the occurrence of relapses. As these diseases affect the daily life it also affects the individual health-related quality of life, which measures the physical, psychological and social aspects of a health problem. Aim: The purpose was to describe the experience of health-related quality of life in people with inflammatory bowel disease. Method: A literature review has been done where twelve original articles have formed the basis of the results, this creates an overview of existing research. They have been read, summarized and analysed where the similarities and differences were found and themes were formed. Results: The four main themes of the result is Physical function, Psychological function, Social function and Rebuilding their quality of life. It emerged in the results that physical symptoms and disease activity are those which essentially controls the psychological well-being as well as social constraints. This was shown in studies to have a negative impact on the health-related quality of life. But overtime the disease became a normal part of one's life and gave a better quality of life experience. Discussions: The method approach, benefits and weaknesses will be discussed and analysed. When discussing the results of the current study mainly knowledge, education, and time perspective will be addressed and analysed with Orem’s self-care theory.

The aim of the thesis – to investigate the role of the inflammatory bowel disease associated genetic variants in a subset of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients from Lithuania and Latvia and to test the relation of genetic markers to disease phenotype. The following objectives were accomplished: the associations of the inflammatory bowel disease associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in the subset of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients were determined; the associations of the single nucleotide polymorphisms with the phenotype of the inflammatory bowel disease were evaluated; the interactions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP-SNP) and their association with inflammatory bowel disease were determined; the significance of the combinations of disease associated single nucleotide polymorphisms for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease was evaluated. TaqMan and SNPlex genotyping methods were used in this work. The statistical data analysis consisted of: statistical study power and data quality evaluations; single marker case-control association analysis using χ2 or Fisher's exact tests, Breslow-Day test, Cochran-Mantel-Haenzsel test and post-hoc Bonferroni correction; genotype–phenotype association analysis using χ2 test and post-hoc Bonferroni correction; SNP-SNP epistasis for case-control sample using logistic regression test and post-hoc Bonferroni correction; In sicilo prediction of gene interactive network; genetic risk profile construction... [to full text] / Disertacijos tikslas – ištirti su uždegiminėmis žarnyno ligomis siejamų ge¬netinių žymenų reikšmę Krono liga bei opiniu kolitu sergantiems Lietuvos ir Latvijos ligoniams bei nustatyti žymenų ryšį su ligos fenotipu. Tikslui pasiekti, įgyvendinti šie uždaviniai: ištirta su uždegiminėmis žarnyno ligomis siejamų vieno nukleotido polimorfizmų sąsaja su Krono liga bei opiniu kolitu; nustatyta vieno nukleotido polimorfizmų sąsaja su uždegiminių žarny¬no ligų fenotipu; ištirtos vieno nukleotido polimorfizmų tarpusavio epistazinės sąvei¬kos (VNP-VNP) bei jų ryšys su uždegiminėmis žarnyno ligomis; nustatytas su liga siejamų vieno nukleotido polimorfizmų derinių reikšmingumas uždegiminių žarnyno ligų diagnostikai. Darbe taikyti SNPlex ir TaqMan genotipavimo metodai. Statistinę duomenų analizę sudarė: studijos galios bei duomenų kokybės įvertinimas; atvejo-kontrolės genų sąsajos tyrimas, taikant χ2 arba Fišerio kriterijus, Breslow-Day testą, Cochran-Mantel-Haenzsel testą bei post-hoc Bonferroni kriterijų; genų sąsajų su Krono ligos ir opinio kolito fenotipu tyrimai, naudojant χ2 bei post-hoc Bonferroni kriterijų; VNP-VNP epistazinės sąveikos įvertinimas, taikant logistinės regresijos testą bei post-hoc Bonferroni kriterijų; genų tarpusavio sąveikos tinklo in silico tyrimas; genetinės rizikos profilio sudarymas, naudojant logistinę regresinę analizę.

Submitted by JAQUELINE RIBEIRO DE BARROS null (jack_kbca@hotmail.com) on 2016-04-18T17:10:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação 18042016.pdf: 4767202 bytes, checksum: 13d294155fb8e9de0350cb1df1e26df9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T16:24:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 barros_jr_me_bot.pdf: 4767202 bytes, checksum: 13d294155fb8e9de0350cb1df1e26df9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T16:24:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 barros_jr_me_bot.pdf: 4767202 bytes, checksum: 13d294155fb8e9de0350cb1df1e26df9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 / Doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) é um termo amplo, usado para a Doença de Crohn (DC) e a Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCUI), ambas caracterizadas pela inflamação crônica do intestino. A DII pode alterar permanentemente a qualidade de vida (QV) dos pacientes, sobretudo em seu período de exacerbação. Os sintomas apresentados pelos portadores da doença podem gerar mudanças de grande impacto nas atitudes e condutas, assim como nos aspectos emocionais, sociais, físicos e sexuais. Frente à escassez de estudos científicos, achamos oportuno estudar as consequências da DII sobre a sexualidade dos pacientes e a prevalência de disfunção sexual. Os objetivos foram avaliar a prevalência de disfunção sexual nos pacientes com DII e identificar os fatores clínicos e psicológicos associados com a disfunção sexual nos pacientes. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo observacional, de corte transversal. Foram avaliados 99 pacientes com DII atendidos no Ambulatório DII do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu e os resultados foram comparados com dados de 118 indivíduos não cônjuges que acompanhavam os pacientes no Ambulatório de DII e no Pronto Socorro Adulto. Foi utilizado um protoloco para obtenção de dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e de estilo de vida. A atividade da doença foi classificada através do Escore de Mayo (RCUI) e do Índice de atividade da Doença de Crohn (CDAI). Os instrumentos para avaliação da QV, sintomas pscicológicos e autoestima foram: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), The Medical Outcomes Study 36 item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HAD) e Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Para avaliar a disfunção sexual feminina foi utilizado o Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) e para a disfunção erétil o International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Foi adotado um nível de significância estatístico de p<0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 56 pacientes com DC e 43 pacientes com RCUI. A idade média foi de 38,89 anos (±10,15) e houve predomínio do sexo feminino (56,57%). O grupo controle foi composto por 118 indivíduos com idade média de 38,13 (±10,18) anos e predomínio do sexo feminino (59,32%). Na análise da QV avaliada através do questionário IBDQ, notou-se que 27,27% dos pacientes apresentavam QV excelente, 38,38% QV boa, 28,28% QV regular e apenas 6,06% QV ruim. 47% dos pacientes e 36% dos controles foram classificados como ansiosos (p=0,096). 24% dos pacientes e 17% dos controles foram classificados como depressivos (p=0,23). 28% dos pacientes e 12,5% controles apresentaram disfunção erétil (DE) (p=0,11) A presença de DE no grupo paciente foi associada com a presença de perda de peso (p=0,0593), fadiga (p=0,0277) e fraqueza (p=0,0445), além de história de cirurgia perianal nos pacientes com DC (p=0,0009), presença de doença perianal (p=0,0078) e satisfação com a vida sexual (p<0,0001). A presença de depressão (OR:1,501; IC95%:1,106-2,037; p=0,0091) (R=-0,32180; p=0,0354) e baixa autoestima (OR:0,817; IC95%:0,709–0,942;p=0,0053) (R=0,43244; p=0,0038) foram associados com risco aumentado de DE. Com relação à QV, pacientes com maiores pontuações no questionário IBDQ (OR: 0,981; IC95%:0,963–0,999; p=0,0379) e no domínio aspectos físicos (OR: 0,984; IC95%:0,968 - 1; p=0,0476) e estado geral de saúde (OR: 0,958; IC95%:0,924-0,993; p=0,0177) do questionário SF-36 apresentaram risco diminuído de DE. Com relação às mulheres, 93% das pacientes e 96% controles apresentaram disfunção sexual (p=0,69). Apesar disso, mais de 70% delas relataram ter lubrificação vaginal e mais de 80% relataram estar satisfeitas com a vida sexual em geral. A presença de disfunção sexual feminina foi associada com a presença de dispareunia (p=0,0346), alta autoestima (R:-0,32924; p=0,0132), lubrificação vaginal durante o ato sexual (p=0,0046) e satisfação com a vida sexual (OR: 0,054; IC95%:0,005-0,625; p=0,0185). Conclusões: A disfunção sexual é frequente nos pacientes com DII. Os distúrbios do humor e os aspectos sociais apresentam um maior impacto na função sexual dos pacientes em detrimento aos fatores relacionados à doença. Os temas relacionados ao relacionamento interpessoal, intimidade sexual e emocional, auto-imagem e atividade sexual devem ser abordados com todos os pacientes. / Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an ample term used for Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), both characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory Bowel Disease can permanently change the quality of life (QOL) of these patients, especially during periods of exacerbation. The symptoms presented by patients with the disease can have strong effects of changes in attitudes and behaviors, as well as the emotional, social, physical and sexual. Faced by the shortage of scientific studies, we thought that was interesting to study the impact of IBD on sexuality of patients and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction. The aims were to assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with IBD and to identify the clinical and psychological factors associated with sexual dysfunction in patients. Methodology: It was an observational study, of transversal cut, where 99 patients with IBD were evaluated and seen in the Inflamatory Bowel Diseases Ambulatory of the Medicine School’s Clinic Hospital of Botucatu and 118 controls paired by gender and age. A protocol was used to obtain demographic data, clinical and lifestyle Disease activity was classified by the score of Mayo (RCUI) and the DC Activity Index (CDAI). The instruments for evaluation of psychological symptoms and quality of life (QOL) were: Hospital Scale Anxiety and Depression (HAD), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) and The Medical Outcomes Study 36 Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). To assess female sexual dysfunction we used the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and erectile dysfunction the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). A level of statistical significance of p <0,05 was adopted. Results: We evaluated 56 patients with CD and 43 patients with UC. The average age was 38.89 years (±10.15) and there was a predominance of females (56.57%). The control group consisted of 118 individuals with an average age of 38.13 (±10.18) years and predominance of females (59.32%). In the analysis of QOL assessed by IBDQ questionnaire, it was noted that 27.27% of patients had excellent QOL, 38.38% good QOL, 28.28% regular QOL and only 6.06% poor QOL. 47% of patients and 36% of controls were classified as anxious (p=0.096). 24% of patients and 17% of controls were classified as depressed (p=0.23). 28% of patients and 12.5% had ED controls (p=0.11) The presence of ED in the group of patients was associated with the presence of weight loss (p=0.0593), fatigue (p=0.0277) and weakness (p=0.0445), and history of perianal surgery in CD patients (p=0.0009), presence of perianal disease (p=0.0078) and satisfaction with sex life (p<0.0001). The presence of depression (OR:1.501; 95% CI:1.106 to 2.037; p=0.0091) (R=-0.32180; p=0.0354) and low self-esteem (OR:0.817; 95% CI:0.709 to 0.942; p=0.0053) (R=0.43244; p=0.0038) were associated with increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED). Regarding QOL, patients with higher scores on questionnaires IBDQ (OR:0.981; 95% CI:0.963 to 0.999; p=0.0379) and in the areas physical (OR:0.984; 95% CI:0.968 to 1; p=0.0476) and general health (OR:0.958; 95% CI:0.924 to 0.993; p=0.0177) of the SF-36 questionnaire showed decreased risk of ED. With regard to women, 93% of patients and 96% of controls reported sexual dysfunction (p=0.69). Nevertheless, over 70% of them reported having vaginal lubrication and over 80% reported being satisfied with their sex life in general. The presence of female sexual dysfunction has been associated with the presence of dyspareunia (p=0.0346), high self-esteem (R:-0.32924, p=0.0132), vaginal lubrication during sex (p=0.0046) and satisfaction with sex life (OR:0.054; 95% CI:0.005 to 0.625; p=0.0185). Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction is common in patients with IBD. Disorders of mood and social aspects have a greater impact on sexual function of patients over the factors related to the disease. Issues related to interpersonal relationships, sexual and emotional intimacy, self-image and sexual activity should be addressed with all patients.

Orientador: Ligia Yukie Sassaki / Resumo: Doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) é um termo amplo, usado para a Doença de Crohn (DC) e a Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCUI), ambas caracterizadas pela inflamação crônica do intestino. A DII pode alterar permanentemente a qualidade de vida (QV) dos pacientes, sobretudo em seu período de exacerbação. Os sintomas apresentados pelos portadores da doença podem gerar mudanças de grande impacto nas atitudes e condutas, assim como nos aspectos emocionais, sociais, físicos e sexuais. Frente à escassez de estudos científicos, achamos oportuno estudar as consequências da DII sobre a sexualidade dos pacientes e a prevalência de disfunção sexual. Os objetivos foram avaliar a prevalência de disfunção sexual nos pacientes com DII e identificar os fatores clínicos e psicológicos associados com a disfunção sexual nos pacientes. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo observacional, de corte transversal. Foram avaliados 99 pacientes com DII atendidos no Ambulatório DII do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu e os resultados foram comparados com dados de 118 indivíduos não cônjuges que acompanhavam os pacientes no Ambulatório de DII e no Pronto Socorro Adulto. Foi utilizado um protoloco para obtenção de dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e de estilo de vida. A atividade da doença foi classificada através do Escore de Mayo (RCUI) e do Índice de atividade da Doença de Crohn (CDAI). Os instrumentos para avaliação da QV, sintomas pscicológicos e autoestima foram: Inflammatory Bowel ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an ample term used for Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), both characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory Bowel Disease can permanently change the quality of life (QOL) of these patients, especially during periods of exacerbation. The symptoms presented by patients with the disease can have strong effects of changes in attitudes and behaviors, as well as the emotional, social, physical and sexual. Faced by the shortage of scientific studies, we thought that was interesting to study the impact of IBD on sexuality of patients and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction. The aims were to assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with IBD and to identify the clinical and psychological factors associated with sexual dysfunction in patients. Methodology: It was an observational study, of transversal cut, where 99 patients with IBD were evaluated and seen in the Inflamatory Bowel Diseases Ambulatory of the Medicine School’s Clinic Hospital of Botucatu and 118 controls paired by gender and age. A protocol was used to obtain demographic data, clinical and lifestyle Disease activity was classified by the score of Mayo (RCUI) and the DC Activity Index (CDAI). The instruments for evaluation of psychological symptoms and quality of life (QOL) were: Hospital Scale Anxiety and Depression (HAD), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) and The Medical Outcomes Study 36 Item Short-Form ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-06T19:06:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-08T14:41:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T14:41:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / As taxas de hospitalização e de cirurgia são consideradas marcadores de agressividade da Doença de Crohn (DC). Os custos do tratamento da DC variam consideravelmente entre os pacientes, mas as hospitalizações, incluindo aquelas em que houve cirurgia, representam um maior impacto nos custos do tratamento da doença. Reduzir a taxa de hospitalização e cirurgia são pontos cruciais na redução dos custos do tratamento da doença. Foram avaliados os efeitos da azatioprina (AZA) comparado com os da mesalazina (MSZ) na incidência de hospitalização por todas as causas ou hospitalização relacionada a cirurgia. Foram analisados 72 pacientes com DC ileocecal sub-oclusiva que responderam ao tratamento clínico inicial. Os pacientes foram então randomizados em 2 grupos de tratamento AZA (2-3 mg/Kg dia) ou MSZ (3,2g/dia) por um período de 3 anos. As a taxa de hospitalização por todas as causas e de hospitalização relacionada a cirurgia foram observadas e comparadas entre os grupos. Também foi analisada a taxa de internação por paciente, o tempo de hospitalização e o intervalo até a primeira hospitalização. As variáveis demográficas foram similares nos grupos AZA e MSZ. A proporção de pacientes hospitalizados em 36 meses por todas as causas foi menor nos pacientes tratados com AZA, comparado àqueles que receberam MSZ (0,39 vs. 0,83, respectivamente; p=0,001). O grupo AZA também teve menor incidência de hospitalizações cirúrgicas (0,25 vs. 0,56, respectivamente; p = 0,011). O número de admissões por pacientes (0,7 vs.1,41, p=0,001) e o tempo de internação (3,8 vs.7,7 dias; p=0,002) também foram menores no grupo AZA. O intervalo até a primeira hospitalização no grupo AZA foi maior que aquele do grupo MSZ (27 vs. 17,9 meses, respectivamente; p=0,001). Pacientes com DC ileocecal sub-oclusiva tratados com AZA tiveram menor taxa de hospitalização por todas as causas e hospitalizações com cirurgia quando comparados a pacientes que receberam tratamento com MSZ num período de 3 anos. O uso prolongado de AZA na DC ileocecal em pacientes sub-ocluidos pode reduzir os custos do tratamento da doença. / Hospitalization and surgery are considered to be hallmarks of more aggressive behavior in Crohn’s disease (CD). Although the cost of CD treatment differs considerably, it is remarkable that hospitalization costs, including surgery, comprise the biggest amount of the total treatment cost. Decreasing hospitalization and surgery rates is of pivotal importance to reduce the health-care costs in this clinical setting. We evaluated the effect of azathioprine (AZA) when compared with mesalazine (MSZ) on incidence of hospitalizations due to all-causes and for CD-related surgical procedures. In this controlled, randomized study 72 subjects with sub-occlusive ileocecal CD were randomized for AZA (2-3 mg/kg per day) or MSZ (3.2 g per day) therapy during a 3-year period. The primary end point was the hospitalization rate due to all-causes as well as for surgical procedures during this period evaluated between the groups. The secondary outcomes were the total inpatient admission number, the length of hospitalization and the time interval until first hospitalization. Patients treated with AZA or MSZ were comparable according to demographics and disease characteristics. On an intention-to-treat basis, the proportion of patients hospitalized on 36 months due to all-causes was lower in patients treated with AZA when compared to those on MSZ (0.39 vs. 0.83, respectively; p=0.035). The AZA group had also significantly lower rates of hospitalization for surgical intervention (0.25 vs. 0.56, respectively; p=0.011). The number of admissions (0.70 vs. 1.41, p=0.001) and the length of hospitalization (3.8 vs. 7.7 days; p=0.002) were both lower in AZA-patients. The time interval until first hospitalization in AZA-group was significantly higher than in those on MSZ (27 vs. 17.9 months, respectively; p=0.001). Patients with sub-occlusive ileocecal CD treated with AZA had lower hospitalization rates due to all-causes and for surgical management of CD when compared to those treated with MSZ in a 3-years period. The long term use of AZA in ileocecal CD patients recovering from a sub-occlusion episode can save health-care cost.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T13:29:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:45:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:45:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-12 / Introdução: Pacientes com Doença de Crohn (DC) suboclusiva que receberam tratamento com azatioprina (AZA) tiveram menores taxas de re-hospitalização devido a todas as causas e para tratamento operatório da DC quando comparados àqueles tratados com mesalazina durante um período de três anos. Nós investigamos se a AZA também foi efetiva para a prevenção da obstrução intestinal recorrente. Material e Métodos: Taxas de obstrução intestinal recorrente foram comparadas entre pacientes tratados com AZA e aqueles tratados com mesalazina. Nós avaliamos o intervalo de tempo livre de obstrução intestinal assim como a sobrevida livre de oclusão para ambos os grupos. Resultados: Houve uma taxa cumulativa significativamente mais baixa de pacientes com suboclusão recorrente no grupo da AZA (43,8%) comparado ao grupo da mesalazina (79,4%; OR 3,34, 95% IC 1,67-8,6; p = 0,003) com o número necessário para prevenir um episódio de suboclusão de 3,7 a favor da AZA. O intervalo de tempo livre de oclusão foi maior no grupo da AZA comparado ao grupo da mesalazina (28,8 vs. 18,3 meses, p = 0,000). A sobrevida livre de oclusão aos 12, 24 e 36 meses foi significativamente maior no grupo da AZA (91%, 81%, e 72%, respectivamente) do que no grupo da mesalazina (64,7%, 35,3%, e 23,5%, respectivamente; p < 0.05 para todas as comparações). Conclusão: Em uma análise exploratória de pacientes com DC ileocecal suboclusiva, a terapia de manutenção com AZA é mais efetiva que a mesalazina para evitar ou postergar a obstrução intestinal recorrente durante um período de três anos de tratamento. / Background: Patients with subocclusive Crohn’s disease (CD) who received azathioprine (AZA) therapy had lower re-hospitalization rates due to all causes and for surgical management of CD compared to those treated with mesalazine during a 3-year period. We investigated whether AZA also was effective for prevention of recurrent bowel obstruction. Material and Methods: Rates of recurrent bowel occlusion were compared between patients treated with AZA and those treated with mesalazine. We assessed the time interval-off intestinal obstruction as well as the occlusion-free survival for both groups. Results: There was a significantly lower cumulative rate of patients with recurrent subocclusion in the AZA group (43.8%) compared with the mesalazine group (79.4%; OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.67-8.6; P= 0.003) with a number needed to treat in order to prevent one subocclusion episode of 3.7 favoring AZA. The occlusion-free time interval was longer in AZA compared with the mesalazine group (28.8 vs. 18.3 months; P=0.000).The occlusion-free survival at 12, 24, and 36 months was significantly higher in the AZA group (91%, 81%, and 72%, respectively) than in the mesalazine arm (64.7%, 35.3%, and 23.5%, respectively; P<0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions: In an exploratory analysis of patients with subocclusive ileocecal CD maintenance therapy with AZA is more effective than mesalazine for eliminating or postponing recurrent intestinal obstruction through 3 years of therapy.

Bakgrund: Inflammatorisk mag-tarmsjukdom är ett samlingsnamn för Ulcerös kolit och Crohns sjukdom. Gemensamt för sjukdomarna är att de är kroniska och att de går i skov, vilket innebär att sjukdomen är mer aktiv i vissa perioder och mindre aktiv under andra. Inflammatorisk mag-tarmsjukdom påverkar patienterna fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt, vilket påverkar deras livskvalitet. Inflammatoriska mag-tarmsjukdomar kan resultera i psykiska besvär, därför har patienterna ett behov av goda copingstrategier och en god anpassning till livet med sjukdomen. Genom evidensbaserad och personcentrerad vård har sjuksköterskan en stödjande funktion i vården av dessa patienter.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka patienternas upplevelser av att leva med inflammatorisk mag-tarmsjukdom för att kunna belysa deras behov av stöd. Metod: En litteraturstudie med boolesk sökteknik gjordes i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO där tio artiklar valdes ut genom granskning med SBU:s granskningsmall.    Resultat: När resultatet av tio artiklar sammanställts framkom fyra teman; patienters upplevelser av att leva med inflammatorisk mag-tarmsjukdom, patienternas behov av stöd, stöd i att acceptera och leva med sjukdomen samt stöd i form av utbildning. Slutsats: Patienter med inflammatorisk mag-tarmsjukdom har behov av stöd både fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt, från både sjukvårdspersonal och anhöriga. Patienterna har ett behov av stöd i form av information, undervisning samt psykiskt och emotionellt stöd. Sjuksköterskans stöd genom personcentrerad och empatisk kommunikation hjälper patienterna att acceptera sjukdomen och deras “nya normala”, vilket främjar deras självständighet, självkännedom och eget ansvar i sjukdomshanteringen. Patientutbildning bidrar till bättre egenvårdsstrategier, ökad följsamhet till behandling och livsstils anpassningar, vilket även bidrar till ökat självförtroende och välmående.