La enfermedad de Crohn es una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal muy rara en nuestro medio y con una distribución muy variable en diferentes partes del mundo, la incidencia media es de 6,7 (rango de 1,6 a 14,6) casos por 100 000 habitantes anualmente y la prevalencia de 140 (rango de 10 a 199) casos por 100 000 habitantes en occidente. Presentamos el caso de un varon de 52 años natural y procedente del Callao con una imagen por colonoscopia compatible con una Ulcera Cecal y sin otras alteraciones en el tracto gastrointestinal, el cual presento un diagnostico anatomopatológico compatible con una Enfermedad de Crohn que es confirmada por serología. / Crohn s Disease, is a rare inflammatory bowel disease in Perú. Incidence rates vary from 1,6 – 14,6 / 100 000 and prevalence rate is 140 / 100000 in the western hemisphere. We report a case of 52 y.o male patient from Callao Peru, with a colonoscopy image of a solitary cecal ulcer and without other gastrointestinal findings and a histology suggestive of Crohn s Disease with a ASCA positive and p –ANCA negative.

Background The conventional ileostomy can be avoided. Many attempts have been performed. The first successful solution was the continent ileostomy- Kock pouch. The high rate of complications and revisions some experienced forced surgeon to try to restore the continence by the mechanism of the anus involving an ileal pouch. Both procedures afterwards documented excellent functional outcome, but the complication rates were not negligible and the long-term failure rate were increasing. Different surgical refinements were done and the risk factors for complications and failures were investigated as experience and materials increased. Restoring of the integrity of anal function and the succsess of the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis shadowed the practise of the forerunner: the continent ileostomy reservoir. This latter procedure was more demanding and seemed in the first year of ileal pouchanal anastomosis era to have significant more complications and revisional surgery. The worldwide adoption of the pelvic pouch decreased the need for the continent ileostomy and a vicious circle evolved. Today only few centres perform the procedure. Patients who are not suitable for ileal anal-pouch anastomosis are seldom offered the possibility of having a continent ileostomy. Aims The aims of the study was to investigate surgical load, complications and long-term functional outcome and to define factors which affect these subjects in patients operated with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, continent ileostomy or both in one single surgical department during the same period and without any institutional learning curve, and furthermore, to compare and contrast the two options. Material and methods From 1984 to 2005(7) 304 (315) patients were operated with IPAA at St. Olavs Hospital (earlier: Regional Hospital of Trondheim). From 1983 to 2002(7) 50 (65) patients had a continent ileostomy constructed. This was an observational study in the scope of surveillance and quality assurance. All patients were offered a planed regularly annual outpatient clinic follow up programme including a prospective standardised interview on clinical outcome. This was a supplement to clinical investigation with endoscopy and consecutive documentation of complications and other factors affecting the patients’ health. Data were recorded in the medical chart. In this system, all patients had recorded dataset. However, the intervals between data recordings differ and the intervals increased by time. All inpatients data were included. Standard descriptive statistical analysis and simple associations were undertaken. Handling longitudinal data with limited cases, varying time intervals was done in a Times Series Cross Sectional data model, analysed, and adjusted for several factors affecting functional outcome. Multivariable analysis was done. Results The estimated failure rate at 20 years was 11.4% for ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and 11.6% for continent ileostomy. Salvage procedures rates were 31% vs. 38%, respectively (p=0.06). The salvage procedures in IPAA included local procedures and redoes with laparotomy. Salvage procedures in CI were related to the function of the nipple valve, mainly nipple valve sliding and less frequent stenosis or fistulas. Complications rates were high. In pelvic pouch surgery, half of the patients would need re-operations in 20 years. Ten percentages had early anastomotic separation without septic complications. Four percentages had early pelvic septic complications. Fistulas and sepsis at the anastomotic site were the main severe complications, often leading to pouch failure. Closing of the loop ileostomy was accompanied with complications in six percentages. In the patients (48) who did not have a covering stoma the overall complications rate did not differ from those with a loop ileostomy, although nine needed a secondary stoma. Covering stoma seems to postpone anastomotic complications. Handsewn anastomosis had more strictures, but otherwise the complications rates were similar to stapled anastomosis. Patients having the diagnosis changed to Crohn`s diseases had more complications and higher failure rate. Early anastomotic complications were associated with long-term complications. In patients with continent ileostomy the nipple valve sliding is the main cause of revision. One third needed revision once or several times. At 20 years follow-up, half of the patients would need surgery due to complications. Although many patients with CI need several revisions, all patients were continent at the last follow up with a stable intubation frequency of 3 – 5 per 24 hour. The failure of the pelvic pouch is the end of severe complications. Two third of the failures had the pouch excision or permanent ileostomy with the pouch in situ. One third underwent a conversion to CI, with equal surgical and functional outcome as other patients with CI. In IPAA, bowel movements at day were between 5-6 at day and 0-1 at night. The rates of more or less frequent incontinence were about 10%, and 41% and 55% had reported soling at day and night respectively. The long-term functional outcome did not deteriorate with time: ie. observational time, as an independent factor did not influence outcome. Factors influencing the outcome were found but the impact of gender, age, protective stoma, hand-sewn anastomosis and early complications were negligible. Pouchitis did significantly influence functional outcome negatively, but did not create deterioration over time. Estimated pouchitis rate in IPAA was 43% for more than 20 years. The onset of the first pouchitis appears mostly in the 5-6 first years after surgery. The crude rate was 35% and 6% of the patients had chronic pouchitis. Severe/chronic pouchitis was associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, but not with pyoderma gangrenousum or diagnosed joint affections. Idiopathic pouchitis were absent among patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. In continent ileostomy the rate of pouchitis was 26%. Conclusion The complications in both the pelvic pouch surgery and the surgery of continent ileostomy are considerable. Although not similar the surgical load are in the same order of magnitude. For the continent ileostomy revisional surgery are to be expected. The failure rate of both procedures are high and in long-term similar. The long-term functional outcome are however stabile and excellent. The failed pelvic pouch can be converted to a continent ileostomy in selected and motivated patients. The entity of pouchitis is conflicting and has to be divided into several different entities both on clinical, constitutional and other differentiating features. Patients with PSC should be informed of a possible higher risk of severe and chronic pouchitis after IPAA.

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is an intracellular pathogen that is known to parasitize macrophages and monocytes. Map infiltrates gastrointestinal tract host tissue where it is the known etiological agent of johne's disease in ruminants and implicated in the etiology of crohn's disease in humans. Map's ability to survive within macrophages enables it to disseminate throughout the rest of the host, possibly infecting other circulating blood leukocytes. In this study, the survival and fate of map strain atcc 43015 (human isolate) following phagocytosis was determined using in vitro murine macrophage cell line j774a.1 and polymorphonuclear cells (pmnc's) from five crohn's disease patients. Pmnc's from three healthy individuals and two ulcerative colitis patients, as well as escherichia coli (atcc 11303) and mycobacterium tuberculosis strain h37ra (atcc 25177), were included as controls (moi 10:1). Maturation of the phagosome was determined by evaluating the presence of stage specific markers on the surface of the phagosomal membrane. The endosomal protein, transferrin receptor, and the lysosomal marker, lamp-1, were then immunostained with cy-5 conjugated secondary antibodies, and colocalization of bacteria with each marker was evaluated separately using confocal scanning laser microscopy (cslm). In both tissue models, colocalization of viable map and m. Tuberculosis with the early endosomal marker, transferrin receptor occurred with an estimated five fold higher frequency than did association with the late lysosomal marker, lamp-1, as compared to live e. Coli, and all dead bacterial species. Using differential live/dead staining and fluorescent microscopy, survival of m. Tuberculosis and map was estimated at 85% and 79%, respectively compared to only 14% for e. Coli. The outcome was similar for both tissue culture and pmncs from all patients tested, suggesting that map and m. Tuberculosis can survive readily in both cell types, and regardless of the disease state of the host or the killing power of the cell. Map's survival appears to mimic m. Tuberculosis', suggesting the ability to resist phagolysosome fusion, by maintaining association with the early endosomes. Overall, the data confirms map virulence in host human blood leukocytes.

INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais têm chamado a atenção da comunidade científica pela multiplicidade de manifestações no trato digestivo, manifestações extra-intestinais e pela sua incidência em ascensão. Existe uma grande prevalência de manifestações extra-intestinais em portadores de doença de Crohn e de retocolite ulcerativa, variando na literatura de 24 a 65%. Estas alterações podem surgir antes dos sintomas intestinais, concomitante ou ulteriormente, podendo ou não ter relação com a atividade da doença intestinal. O conhecimento destas manifestações extra-intestinais assim como seu quadro clínico, evolução e tratamento é importante, devido ao aumento da morbidade e mortalidade desencadeada por elas. OBJETIVO: Objetivou-se neste trabalho determinar a prevalência de manifestações extra-intestinais em retocolite ulcerativa e doença de Crohn, correlacionando com diagnóstico do tipo de doença inflamatória intestinal, extensão, tempo de evolução e aparecimento dos sintomas, sexo e atividade da doença. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes que participaram do estudo estão cadastrados no Ambulatório de Doenças Inflamatórias do Serviço de Cirurgia do Cólon, Reto e Ânus do Departamento de Gastroenterologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo de setembro de 1984 até setembro de 2004. Os dados para a pesquisa foram colhidos retrospectivamente de mil protocolos que foram preenchidos em caráter prospectivo na primeira consulta do doente e atualizados em consultas subsequentes. Foram estudadas as manifestações articulares, dermatológicas, oftalmológicas, urológicas, hepáticas, pulmonares e vasculares. RESULTADOS: Entre os 1.000 pacientes estudados encontrou-se 468 com doença de Crohn (46,8%) e 532 com retocolite ulcerativa (53,2%). Foram encontrados 627 pacientes com pelo menos uma forma de manifestação extra-intestinal(315-59,2% com RCUI e 312-66,7% com doença de Crohn). A média de tempo de duração da doença inflamatória intestinal dos pacientes que tinham manifestações extra-intestinais foi de 10,23 anos, comparado a 7,89 anos daqueles que não possuíam, sendo estatisticamente significativo. Também foi evidenciado que as manifestações extraintestinais surgiram com maior frequencia ulteriormente aos sintomas intestinais da doença. CONCLUSÕES: Na retocolite ulcerativa a maior extensão da doença no cólon foi proporcional a incidência de manifestações extra-intestinais, enquanto na doença de Crohn, quando havia algum acometimento colônico era maior a incidência destas manifestações. Apenas as manifestações urológicas tiveram uma predisposição maior pela doença de Crohn, e nestes, no sexo masculino. As manifestações articulares e dermatológicas foram mais prevalentes no sexo feminino tanto em retocolite ulcerativa quanto na doença de Crohn. Na doença de Crohn também houve maior prevalência de manifestações hepáticas no sexo feminino. As manifestações articulares, dermatológicas e vasculares tiveram uma maior correlação com a atividade da doença intestinal em ambos os grupos. / INTRODUCTION: Intestinal inflammatory diseases have been calling the attention of the scientific community due to the multiplicity of manifestations in the digestive tract, extra-intestinal manifestations and due to its growing incidence. There\'s great prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations in Crohn\'s disease and ulcerative rectocolitis bearers, varying in literature from 24 to 65%. These alterations may arise before the intestinal symptoms, either at the same time or after, and they may or may not be related to the activity of the intestinal disease. Knowing these extra-intestinal manifestations, as well as their clinical condition, evolution and treatment is important, due to the enhancement in morbidity and mortality aroused by them. AIM: The objective of this paper was to determine the prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations in ulcerative rectocolitis and Crohn\'s disease, relating it with the diagnosis of the kind of intestinal inflammatory disease, extension, evolution time and the arising of the symptoms, sex and disease activity. METHODS: The patients who took part in the study are registered in the Ambulatory for Inflammatory Diseases of the Anus, Rectum and Colon Surgery Service in the Gastroenterology Service of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, from September 1984 until September 2004. The data for the research were retrospectively gotten from one thousand protocols that were filled out in a prospective character during the patient\'s first consultation, and updated during subsequent consultations. Articular, dermatological, ophthalmologic, urologic, hepatic, pulmonary and vascular manifestations were studied. RESULTS: Among the 1,000 patients studied 468 were found to have Crohn\'s disease (46.8%) and 532 had ulcerative rectocolitis (53.2%). 627 patients were found with at least one form of extra-intestinal manifestation (315-59.2% had ulcerative retocolitis and 312-66.7% had Crohn\'s disease). The average duration time of the intestinal inflammatory disease of the patients who had extra-intestinal manifestations was of 10.23 years, compared to 7.89 years of those who had no disease, being statistically significant. It was also evident that the extra-intestinal manifestations came about more frequently subsequently to intestinal symptoms of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: In ulcerative rectocolitis, the greater extension of the disease in the colon was proportional to the incidence of extra-intestinal manifestations, whereas in Crohn\'s disease, when there was some colonic assault, the incidence of these manifestations was greater. Only the urologic manifestations have greater predisposition for Crohn\'s disease and in these ones, in the masculine sex. Articular and dermatological manifestations were more prevalent in the feminine sex both for ulcerative rectocolitis and for Crohn\'s disease. In Crohn\'s disease there was also greater prevalence of hepatic manifestations in the feminine sex. Articular, dermatological and vascular manifestations had greater correlation with the intestinal disease activity in both groups.

Introdução: Aproximadamente 25 a 30% dos pacientes com DC iniciam a doença antes da idade dos 20 anos. O déficit de crescimento é a complicação mais específica da DII pediátrica, causada pela combinação de ingestão calórica inadequada, aumento das perdas calóricas e inflamação ativa persistente da mucosa intestinal. Pacientes com DII comumente sofrem de desnutrição protéico-energética no diagnóstico e com flutuações durante todo o curso da doença. A perda de peso é uma característica comum no paciente com DII recém diagnosticada, particularmente na DC, e acompanha quase todas as recaídas. Aproximadamente 60% das crianças com DC apresentam perda de peso recente no momento do diagnóstico. Objetivos: verificar o estado nutricional de pacientes portadores de DC na adolescência, através da avaliação da composição corporal, dosagem de macro e micronutrientes e consumo alimentar. Casuística e Métodos: vinte e dois pacientes com DC em atividade (leve ou moderada), vinte e nove com DC em remissão e 35 parentes de 1º grau desses pacientes de mesma faixa etária (grupo controle) foram selecionados para participar prospectivamente. Antropometria (peso, estatura e índice de massa corporal (IMC) expressos em z escore, bioimpedância e estágio de Tanner), níveis séricos e a ingestão de macro e micronutrientes foram avaliados. Resultados: os adolescentes com DC em atividade seguidos pelo DC em remissão tiveram menor valor de escore z da estatura/idade e IMC para a idade, da massa magra e do estágio pubertário (p<0,05) do que o grupo controle. Os pacientes com DC apresentaram alterações significativas da qualidade da ingestão alimentar, principalmente calorias, proteínas, fibras e micronutrientes, refletindo nas dosagens séricas principalmente das vitaminas A e E (p<0,05). Conclusão: Adolescentes com DC, mesmo quando na fase de atividade da doença leve e inativa, apresentam riscos nutricionais, reforçando a importância da avaliação nutricional / Introduction: About 25 to 30% of patients with Crohns disease begin before age 20 years. The growth deficit is the most specific complication of pediatric CD, caused by a combination of inadequate energy intake, increased loss of calories and persistent active inflammation of the mucosa intestinal. Patients with IBD often suffer from protein-energy malnutrition in the diagnosis and fluctuations throughout the course of the disease. Weight loss is a common feature in patients with newly diagnosed IBD, particularly in CD, and accompanies almost all relapses. Approximately 60% of children with CD have a recent weight loss at diagnosis Objectives: We aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients with CD in adolescence, through the assessment of body composition, levels of macro and micronutrients and food consumption. Methods: Twenty-two patients with CD activity (mild or moderate), twenty-nine with CD in remission and 35 relatives of a degree of these patients the same age range (control group) were selected to enrolled prospectively . Anthropometry (weight, height and body mass index (BMI) expressed as z score, Tanner stage, and bioimpedance), blood levels and intake of macro and micronutrients were evaluated. Results: Adolescents with CD in activity followed by CD in remission had a lower value of z-score height / age and BMI for age, lean body mass and pubertal stage (p <0.05) than the control group. CD patients showed significant changes in the quality of food intake, especially calories, protein, fiber and micronutrients, mainly reflected in serum levels of vitamins A and E (p <0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents with CD, even when the stage of mild activity and inactive, have nutritional risks, reinforcing the importance of nutritional assessment

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka förekomsten av karies och parodontit hos personer med Morbus Crohn. Metoden som användes var en allmän litteraturstudie. Materialet till litteraturstudien samlades in genom sökning i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och ScienceDirect. De sökord som användes vid litteratursökningen i samtliga databaser var ”caries”, ”Crohn’s disease”, ”periodontal disease” och ”periodontitis”. Vetenskapliga artiklar som fick ingå i litteraturstudien begränsades till ”English”, ”humans” och ”title/abstract” alternativt ”abstract/title/keywords”. Litteraturstudiens resultat baserades på en sammanställning av resultaten från tolv vetenskapliga artiklar. Tio av de vetenskapliga artiklarna berörde förekomst av karies hos personer med Morbus Crohn och i sju av dem redovisades att en signifikant förhöjd förekomst av karies fanns hos dessa personer. Tre av de tio vetenskapliga artiklarna redogjorde för att det fanns en förhöjd förekomst av karies hos personer med Morbus Crohn men det framgick inte om den var signifikant eller ej. Fem av de tolv vetenskapliga artiklarna berörde förekomst av parodontit hos personer med Morbus Crohn och i fyra av dem redovisades att en signifikant förhöjd förekomst av parodontit fanns hos dessa personer. Den kvarvarande vetenskapliga artikeln som berörde förekomst av parodontit hos personer med Morbus Crohn redogjorde för att det inte fanns en liten men inte signifikant förhöjd förekomst av parodontit hos dessa personer. Tre av de tolv vetenskapliga artiklarna berörde både förekomst av karies och parodontit hos personer med Morbus Crohn. Slutsatsen med litteraturstudien är att personer med Morbus Crohn verkar ha ökad förekomst av karies och parodontit. / The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis in people with Crohn’s disease. The method that was used in this study was a general literature review. The material for the literature review was collected by searching in the databases Cinahl, PubMed and ScienceDirect. The keywords that were used in the searches in all of the databases were ”caries”, ”Crohn’s disease”, ”periodontal disease” and ”periodontitis”. The scientific articles that were included in the literature review were limited to ”English”, ”humans” and ”title/abstract” alternatively ”abstract/title/keywords”. The result of the literature review was based on a compilation of the results from twelve scientific articles. Ten of the twelve scientific articles concerned the occurrence of dental caries in people with Crohn’s disease and seven of them reported a significantly elevated prevalence of dental caries in these individuals. Three of the ten scientific articles reported that there was an elevated incidence of dental caries in people with Crohn’s disease but they did not show whether the elevated incidence was significant or not. Five of the twelve scientific articles concerned the occurrence of periodontitis in people with Crohn’s disease and four of them reported a significantly elevated prevalence of periodontitis in these individuals. The remaining scientific article that concerned the occurrence of periodontitis in people with Crohn’s disease reported that there was a slightly but no significantly elevated prevalence of periodontitis in people with Crohn’s disease. Three of the twelve scientific articles concerned both the occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis in people with Crohn’s disease. The conclusion of the literature review is that people with Crohn’s disease seems to have elevated occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis.

Orientador: Rogério Saad Hossne / Resumo: Introdução: As Doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), que tem como principais entidades a Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCU) e a Doença de Crohn (DC), tem altas taxas de incidência e prevalência em países desenvolvidos, especialmente da Europa e América do Norte, porém com aumento progressivo de sua frequência em todas os continentes. Este estudo visa estimar as taxas de incidência e prevalência das DII no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre os anos de 2012 e 2015, e correlacionar os resultados com dados nacionais sobre estas doenças. Material e Método: Este é um estudo observacional analítico, do tipo descritivo e transversal. Foram incluídos dados epidemiológicos de 22.638 pacientes que iniciaram seu tratamento para Doença Inflamatória Intestinal através do programa de fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos do Estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2012 e 2015. As variáveis analisadas foram a data do início do tratamento, o diagnóstico clínico (DC ou RCU), a idade, gênero, cor/raça/etnia dos pacientes, assim como sua região de residência no Estado de São Paulo. As análises estatísticas incluíram média e desvio padrão para variáveis quantitativas. O nível de significância adotado foi de 1% Resultados: A taxa de incidência de DII no Estado de São Paulo foi, em média, de 13,31 casos novos / 100.000 habitantes / ano, enquanto a prevalência de DII no Estado de São Paulo foi de 52,5 casos / 100.000 habitantes. Os portadores de DC somavam 10.451 (46,16%), e os de RCU somavam 12.187 (53,83... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which has as its main entities Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD), have high rates of incidence and 11 prevalence in developed countries, especially in Europe and North America, but with increasing frequency in all continents. This study aims to verify the incidence and prevalence rates of IBD in São Paulo State, Brazil, between the years 2012 and 2015, and correlate with the national data on these diseases. Casuistic and Methods: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. We included data from 22.638 patients who started their treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease through the Program of free medication supply of São Paulo State, between the years of 2012 and 2015. The variables analyzed were the date of beginning of treatment with drugs provided by the clinical diagnosis (CD or UC), the age, gender, color/race/ethnicity of the patients, as well as their region of residence in São Paulo State. Statistical analyses included mean and standard deviations for quantitative variables. The level of significance adopted was 1% Results: The incidence rate of IBD in the State of São Paulo was 13.31 new cases / 100.000 inhabitants per year, while the overall prevalence of IBD in the state of São Paulo was 52,5 cases/100.000 inhabitants. The patients with CD were 10,451 (46.16%), and those with UC were 12,187 (53.83%), from 1 to 97 years of age, with a mean of 45.5 years (SD = 16.7), of wich 9,124 (40.30%) were male... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Introdução: Aproximadamente 25 a 30% dos pacientes com DC iniciam a doença antes da idade dos 20 anos. O déficit de crescimento é a complicação mais específica da DII pediátrica, causada pela combinação de ingestão calórica inadequada, aumento das perdas calóricas e inflamação ativa persistente da mucosa intestinal. Pacientes com DII comumente sofrem de desnutrição protéico-energética no diagnóstico e com flutuações durante todo o curso da doença. A perda de peso é uma característica comum no paciente com DII recém diagnosticada, particularmente na DC, e acompanha quase todas as recaídas. Aproximadamente 60% das crianças com DC apresentam perda de peso recente no momento do diagnóstico. Objetivos: verificar o estado nutricional de pacientes portadores de DC na adolescência, através da avaliação da composição corporal, dosagem de macro e micronutrientes e consumo alimentar. Casuística e Métodos: vinte e dois pacientes com DC em atividade (leve ou moderada), vinte e nove com DC em remissão e 35 parentes de 1º grau desses pacientes de mesma faixa etária (grupo controle) foram selecionados para participar prospectivamente. Antropometria (peso, estatura e índice de massa corporal (IMC) expressos em z escore, bioimpedância e estágio de Tanner), níveis séricos e a ingestão de macro e micronutrientes foram avaliados. Resultados: os adolescentes com DC em atividade seguidos pelo DC em remissão tiveram menor valor de escore z da estatura/idade e IMC para a idade, da massa magra e do estágio pubertário (p<0,05) do que o grupo controle. Os pacientes com DC apresentaram alterações significativas da qualidade da ingestão alimentar, principalmente calorias, proteínas, fibras e micronutrientes, refletindo nas dosagens séricas principalmente das vitaminas A e E (p<0,05). Conclusão: Adolescentes com DC, mesmo quando na fase de atividade da doença leve e inativa, apresentam riscos nutricionais, reforçando a importância da avaliação nutricional / Introduction: About 25 to 30% of patients with Crohns disease begin before age 20 years. The growth deficit is the most specific complication of pediatric CD, caused by a combination of inadequate energy intake, increased loss of calories and persistent active inflammation of the mucosa intestinal. Patients with IBD often suffer from protein-energy malnutrition in the diagnosis and fluctuations throughout the course of the disease. Weight loss is a common feature in patients with newly diagnosed IBD, particularly in CD, and accompanies almost all relapses. Approximately 60% of children with CD have a recent weight loss at diagnosis Objectives: We aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients with CD in adolescence, through the assessment of body composition, levels of macro and micronutrients and food consumption. Methods: Twenty-two patients with CD activity (mild or moderate), twenty-nine with CD in remission and 35 relatives of a degree of these patients the same age range (control group) were selected to enrolled prospectively . Anthropometry (weight, height and body mass index (BMI) expressed as z score, Tanner stage, and bioimpedance), blood levels and intake of macro and micronutrients were evaluated. Results: Adolescents with CD in activity followed by CD in remission had a lower value of z-score height / age and BMI for age, lean body mass and pubertal stage (p <0.05) than the control group. CD patients showed significant changes in the quality of food intake, especially calories, protein, fiber and micronutrients, mainly reflected in serum levels of vitamins A and E (p <0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents with CD, even when the stage of mild activity and inactive, have nutritional risks, reinforcing the importance of nutritional assessment

INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais têm chamado a atenção da comunidade científica pela multiplicidade de manifestações no trato digestivo, manifestações extra-intestinais e pela sua incidência em ascensão. Existe uma grande prevalência de manifestações extra-intestinais em portadores de doença de Crohn e de retocolite ulcerativa, variando na literatura de 24 a 65%. Estas alterações podem surgir antes dos sintomas intestinais, concomitante ou ulteriormente, podendo ou não ter relação com a atividade da doença intestinal. O conhecimento destas manifestações extra-intestinais assim como seu quadro clínico, evolução e tratamento é importante, devido ao aumento da morbidade e mortalidade desencadeada por elas. OBJETIVO: Objetivou-se neste trabalho determinar a prevalência de manifestações extra-intestinais em retocolite ulcerativa e doença de Crohn, correlacionando com diagnóstico do tipo de doença inflamatória intestinal, extensão, tempo de evolução e aparecimento dos sintomas, sexo e atividade da doença. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes que participaram do estudo estão cadastrados no Ambulatório de Doenças Inflamatórias do Serviço de Cirurgia do Cólon, Reto e Ânus do Departamento de Gastroenterologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo de setembro de 1984 até setembro de 2004. Os dados para a pesquisa foram colhidos retrospectivamente de mil protocolos que foram preenchidos em caráter prospectivo na primeira consulta do doente e atualizados em consultas subsequentes. Foram estudadas as manifestações articulares, dermatológicas, oftalmológicas, urológicas, hepáticas, pulmonares e vasculares. RESULTADOS: Entre os 1.000 pacientes estudados encontrou-se 468 com doença de Crohn (46,8%) e 532 com retocolite ulcerativa (53,2%). Foram encontrados 627 pacientes com pelo menos uma forma de manifestação extra-intestinal(315-59,2% com RCUI e 312-66,7% com doença de Crohn). A média de tempo de duração da doença inflamatória intestinal dos pacientes que tinham manifestações extra-intestinais foi de 10,23 anos, comparado a 7,89 anos daqueles que não possuíam, sendo estatisticamente significativo. Também foi evidenciado que as manifestações extraintestinais surgiram com maior frequencia ulteriormente aos sintomas intestinais da doença. CONCLUSÕES: Na retocolite ulcerativa a maior extensão da doença no cólon foi proporcional a incidência de manifestações extra-intestinais, enquanto na doença de Crohn, quando havia algum acometimento colônico era maior a incidência destas manifestações. Apenas as manifestações urológicas tiveram uma predisposição maior pela doença de Crohn, e nestes, no sexo masculino. As manifestações articulares e dermatológicas foram mais prevalentes no sexo feminino tanto em retocolite ulcerativa quanto na doença de Crohn. Na doença de Crohn também houve maior prevalência de manifestações hepáticas no sexo feminino. As manifestações articulares, dermatológicas e vasculares tiveram uma maior correlação com a atividade da doença intestinal em ambos os grupos. / INTRODUCTION: Intestinal inflammatory diseases have been calling the attention of the scientific community due to the multiplicity of manifestations in the digestive tract, extra-intestinal manifestations and due to its growing incidence. There\'s great prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations in Crohn\'s disease and ulcerative rectocolitis bearers, varying in literature from 24 to 65%. These alterations may arise before the intestinal symptoms, either at the same time or after, and they may or may not be related to the activity of the intestinal disease. Knowing these extra-intestinal manifestations, as well as their clinical condition, evolution and treatment is important, due to the enhancement in morbidity and mortality aroused by them. AIM: The objective of this paper was to determine the prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations in ulcerative rectocolitis and Crohn\'s disease, relating it with the diagnosis of the kind of intestinal inflammatory disease, extension, evolution time and the arising of the symptoms, sex and disease activity. METHODS: The patients who took part in the study are registered in the Ambulatory for Inflammatory Diseases of the Anus, Rectum and Colon Surgery Service in the Gastroenterology Service of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, from September 1984 until September 2004. The data for the research were retrospectively gotten from one thousand protocols that were filled out in a prospective character during the patient\'s first consultation, and updated during subsequent consultations. Articular, dermatological, ophthalmologic, urologic, hepatic, pulmonary and vascular manifestations were studied. RESULTS: Among the 1,000 patients studied 468 were found to have Crohn\'s disease (46.8%) and 532 had ulcerative rectocolitis (53.2%). 627 patients were found with at least one form of extra-intestinal manifestation (315-59.2% had ulcerative retocolitis and 312-66.7% had Crohn\'s disease). The average duration time of the intestinal inflammatory disease of the patients who had extra-intestinal manifestations was of 10.23 years, compared to 7.89 years of those who had no disease, being statistically significant. It was also evident that the extra-intestinal manifestations came about more frequently subsequently to intestinal symptoms of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: In ulcerative rectocolitis, the greater extension of the disease in the colon was proportional to the incidence of extra-intestinal manifestations, whereas in Crohn\'s disease, when there was some colonic assault, the incidence of these manifestations was greater. Only the urologic manifestations have greater predisposition for Crohn\'s disease and in these ones, in the masculine sex. Articular and dermatological manifestations were more prevalent in the feminine sex both for ulcerative rectocolitis and for Crohn\'s disease. In Crohn\'s disease there was also greater prevalence of hepatic manifestations in the feminine sex. Articular, dermatological and vascular manifestations had greater correlation with the intestinal disease activity in both groups.

Background Pediatric IBD can limit the dayly life and is associated with psychosocial strain and future illness. However, physical activity and exercise are at great importance through childhood. Health, as a health science concept was used as a theoretical framework to establish an understanding where a balanced rhythm of life between movement and rest is a part of experiencing wellbeing and health. Aim The aim of this study was to illuminate research about how IBD affects childrens and adolescents physical activity. Approach A literature study based on eight scientific articles. Result The results showed that IBD can complicate physical activity and exercise, especially in active disease but also in periods of remission. The results illustrated three areas related to physical activity in children and adolescents with IBD; physiological function, limitations in physical activity and movement in IBD. Two factors that significantly contributed a decreased physical activity were fatigue, and a psychosocial strain in teenagers. Conclusion The result indicate that physical activity and exercise is complicated with physical, physiological and social dimensions. To consider health from a holistic approach in the care of a child or a adolescent with IBD pay attention to the importance of physical activity in life and can forms the basis of the nurse´s care in order to strengthen wellbeing and a healthy lifestyle.