Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de apresentar a tradução da peça Desdêmona, do escritor Iraquiano Yousif El-Saigh, da língua árabe para a portuguesa. A peça é baseada em Otelo, O Mouro de Veneza, de William Shakespeare. Em 1989, Desdêmona venceu o prêmio de melhor texto teatral na quarta edição do Festival Dias de Teatro em Cartago, na Tunísia. Desdêmona é considerada um dos marcos do teatro iraquiano moderno. O estudo apresenta o talentoso escritor Yousif El-Saigh, figura importante na vida cultural do Iraque como dramaturgo, poeta e jornalista. As palavras de El-Saigh, aliadas às palavras de quem o conheceu, dão-nos a chance de investigar sua vida e o que influenciou suas obras. Em Desdêmona, El-Saigh envia um detetive e seu assistente, ambos de nosso tempo, para investigar o velho crime de Otelo, a quem ele chama de Otail. O detetive chega no momento em que Otail está tentando matar a esposa. Desta forma, as novas personagens encontram-se com as antigas e começa o processo de investigação. O estudo procura analisar o fator tempo e sua importância na peça através da técnica do flashback, recurso formal utilizado ao longo do processo de investigação e que permite ao detetive revelar novos fatos sobre as personagens e o crime. O estudo examina os motivos culturais que levaram El-Saigh a escrever Desdêmona. O autor oferece uma resposta a Shakespeare através da transformação das personagens principais da peça fonte, Otelo, e resgata a figura feminina de sua fraqueza, ao dar a ela um papel mais ativo na trama. Ao mesmo tempo, condena todas as personagens por participarem do crime de forma direita ou indireta. O suicídio de Desdêmona no final é uma forma simbólica de protesto que ela faz contra sua sociedade. A pesquisa quer corroborar a importância da tradução literária no processo de aproximação entre diferentes culturas como um meio de diálogo. / The objective of this study is to present the translation of the play Desdemona by Iraqi writer Yousif El-Saigh from Arabic to Portuguese. The play is based on Othello by William Shakespeare. In 1989 Desdemona won the prize for best theatrical text in the fourth edition of The Theatrical Days of Carthage Festival, in Tunisia. Desdemona is considered a landmark in modern Iraqi theater. The study presents the talented writer Yousif El-Saigh who was an important figure in the cultural life of Iraq as a playwright, poet and journalist. The words of El-Saigh together with the words of those who have known him can give us a chance to look into his life and his works. In Desdemona, El-Saigh sends a contemporary detective and his two assistants to investigate the old crime committed by Othello, whom he calls Otail. The detective arrives when Otail is trying to suffocate his wife. That is how the new characters, created by El-Saigh meet the old ones and the process of investigation starts. An analysis of the piece concentrates on the factor of time and the importance it acquires in the play through the insertion of flashbacks which are used along the investigation. Such formal device allows the detective to reveal new facts about the characters and the crime. The study examines Yousif El-Saigh\'s cultural motives in writing Desdemona. The author responds to Shakespeare by transforming the main characters of the resource play Othello and liberates the feminine figure of its weakness, giving it a more active role. At the same time, he condemns all the characters for participating directly or indirectly in the events that led to the crime. The suicide of Desdemona at the end is a symbolic protest which she makes against her society. The study aims at showing the importance of literary translation as a means to approximate and foster dialogue between different cultures.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent and reasons for teacher/learner sexual abuse in South Africa. Using a case study design, the researcher collected contextual data on this phenomenon at six schools in the Limpopo Province. With a view to determining whether or not national and provincial attitudes to school-based sexual abuse affect sexual behaviour at local levels, she also collected relevant national and provincial data. The combination of the three sets of data enabled her to draw not only contextual, but also general conclusions on this phenomenon. Using interview schedules and questionnaires as instruments, the researcher collected information on school-based sexual abuse from selected school principals, Grade 11 learners, departmental officials, and representatives of various organisations. Informed by the assumption that context and culture affect behaviour, the researcher recorded her observations of the physical and emotional climate and culture of the schools serving as research sites. She also collected statistical data on the incidence of sexual abuse, analysed official documents dealing with sexual issues, and consulted academic literature on the topic. The researcher used an inductive approach to data analysis, making use of open, axial and selective coding methods. Qualitative data provided information on the nature and causes of school-based sexual relations. Quantitative data provided numerical information on the extent of the problem. Together, the data enabled her not only to paint a picture of the nature and extent of school-based sexual relationships, but also to uncover the role that socio-cultural factors play in this regard. <-p> The particular significance of this study lies in the fact that it approaches sexual abuse from a socio-cultural perspective. More specifically, it investigates the possibility that teacher/learner sexual abuse has, over the years, become part of African culture, and that the silence on such practices might be rooted in traditional, patriarchal views on gender and social justice. The research findings indicate that there might well be a growing resistance to what is regarded by some communities as the imposition of liberal, urban, value systems on traditional, rural African people. Finally, the study provides evidence that legal, administrative and managerial approaches do not have the potential to resolve cultural conflict. This research opens the door to different ways of approaching a difficult problem like sexual abuse. In exploring other strategies, particularly those more tuned to the needs of traditional communities, the occurrence of sexual abuse at schools might be resolved. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

The aim of this research is to investigate cultural conflicts in Northern Sotho dramas. At the beginning of the work, reasons for the choice of the topic are given, and thereafter, the methodology to be adopted in analysing the plays is outlined. Various factors considered to be contributory to the acculturation of traditional Africans are discussed. Throughout this study, traditionalists oppose westernised Africans because of strange norms and practices they have adopted. The two parties disagree on issues like arranged marriage, remarriage and leadership. Christianity features prominently as the basic cause of conflict. Modernists oppose traditional practices on the ground that they are not in conformity with Christian principles. The plays are compared to determine how each playwright has attempted to resolve conflicts in his respective play. The study ends with a comment on findings where traditionalism, being a common enemy in the three plays, is overridden by modernity. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

The thesis focuses on "Migration and refugees in the current globalized world with regard to social aspects" and its key objective is to map attitudes of the population in the Czech Republic to refugees and migrants in the shadow of the European migration crisis. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part contains a detailed presentation of the refugeeism and migration phenomena. It provides basic definitions of the terms "migration", "migrant" and "refugee". Further, it also describes the history and present of migration and refugees and provides prediction of the future. A deep analysis is provided of the current European migration and refugee crisis and its social, political, legislative, economic and security aspects. The thesis also focuses on causes of migration, its impacts, cultural conflicts and potential solutions. The theoretical part also contains an analysis of social work with migrants and refugees in the Czech Republic. The thesis also addresses the role of media and disinformation (the so-called fake news) on the Internet. The theoretical part also presents different approaches of individual countries to migration and refugees across the continents. The second part of the thesis is empirical and it uses the strategy of quantitative research;...

Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-103).

Thesis (MPhil )--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is interested in discourses of displacement in which migrants articulate the experience of seeking improved life chances in a community considerably removed from their place of origin. Not only physical and environmental distance, but also distance related to cultural, linguistic and religious differences distinguish the (im)migrants from the local indigenous population, which is already a culturally and linguistically diverse community. This study investigates how histories of displacement and experiences of alienation or integration may be discursively managed among a group of young Somali males aged between 15 and 35 who entered South Africa in their late teens or early twenties. Specifically, this thesis considers how young Somali men who relocated to a rural Western Cape town and make a living through trading, present themselves in English-language narratives elicited during informal interviews. The study was conducted in Vredenburg, the administrative centre and economic hub of the Saldanha Bay Municipal area on the West Coast of South Africa. The data for the study was collected by means of audio recorded interviews. To supplement this data and gain more perspective on the situatedness of the discourses, the researcher further relied on field notes as well as additional informal conversations with the participants. The data was collected over a period of five months in 2007. To analyse the data, the researcher draws on the theoretical frameworks of Labov's structural analysis of narratives and Wodak and Reisigl's (2001) discourse-historical approach, and Bamberg's (1997) narrative constructivist perspective. The research aims to determine (i) how the narrators construct themselves in their narratives, and (ii) how speakers position themselves towards the content of their narratives, and towards their actual and imagined audiences. This study shows that displacement brings about new contexts characterised by uncertainty, conflict and inequalities, and this influences the way narrators orient themselves. The Somali narrators, in interviews conducted in English with a community outsider, position themselves as displaced and marginalised. During their narratives, the participants used several linguistic strategies to present themselves in various ways to actual or imagined audiences, which lead to negative otherpresentation and positive self-presentation and construction of in-group and out-group membership. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op diskoerse van ontworteling waarin migrante hul ervaring verwoord van ’n soeke na beter lewensgeleenthede in ’n gemeenskap ver verwyderd van hul plek van herkoms. Buiten vir die fisiese en omgewingsafstand, is daar ook afstand daargestel deur kulturele, linguistiese en godsdiensverskille, wat die (im)migrante onderskei van die plaaslike bevolking – op sigself ’n kultureel en linguisties diverse gemeenskap. Hierdie studie doen ondersoek na hoe geskiedenisverhale oor ontworteling en ervarings van vervreemding of integrasie diskursief bestuur kan word binne ’n groep jong Somaliese mans van 15 tot 35 jaar wat Suid-Afrika in hul laat tienerjare of vroeë twintigerjare binnegekom het. Die tesis fokus spesifiek op hoe jong Somaliese mans wat na ’n plattelandse Wes-Kaapse dorp migreer het en ’n handelsbestaan voer, hulself voorstel in Engelstalige narratiewe wat ontlok is tydens informele onderhoude. Die studie is gedoen in Vredenburg, die administratiewe en ekonomiese kern van die Saldanhabaai Munisipale Area aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika. Die data vir die studie is ingesamel deur middel van klankopnames van onderhoude. Ten einde dié data aan te vul en meer perspektief te verkry ten opsigte van die plasing van die diskoerse, het die navorser verder gesteun op veldnotas sowel as bykomende informele gesprekke met die deelnemers. Die data is oor ’n tydperk van vyf maande in 2007 versamel. In die ontleding van die data maak die navorser gebruik van die teoretiese raamwerke van Labov se strukturele analise van narratiewe en Wodak en Reisigl (2001) se diskoers-historiese benadering, asook Bamberg (1997) se narratief-konstruktivistiese perspektief. Die navorsing het ten doel om vas te stel (i) hoe die vertellers hulself in hul narratiewe konstrueer, en (ii) hoe sprekers hulself posisioneer ten opsigte van die inhoud van hul narratiewe en ten opsigte van hul werklike en denkbeeldige gehore. Hierdie studie toon dat ontworteling nuwe kontekste skep wat gekenmerk word deur onsekerheid, konflik en ongelykhede en ’n invloed het op die wyse waarop vertellers hulself orienteer. Tydens onderhoude met ’n gemeenskapsbuitestaander, uitgevoer in Engels, posisioneer die Somaliese vertellers hulself as ontwortel en gemarginaliseer. In hul narratiewe gebruik hulle verskeie linguistiese strategieë om hulself op verskillende maniere voor te stel aan werklike en denkbeeldige gehore wat lei tot ’n negatiewe voorstelling van die Ander, ’n positiewe voorstelling van die Self en die daarstelling van binne- en buite-groep lidmaatskap.

The aim of this research is to investigate cultural conflicts in Northern Sotho dramas. At the beginning of the work, reasons for the choice of the topic are given, and thereafter, the methodology to be adopted in analysing the plays is outlined. Various factors considered to be contributory to the acculturation of traditional Africans are discussed. Throughout this study, traditionalists oppose westernised Africans because of strange norms and practices they have adopted. The two parties disagree on issues like arranged marriage, remarriage and leadership. Christianity features prominently as the basic cause of conflict. Modernists oppose traditional practices on the ground that they are not in conformity with Christian principles. The plays are compared to determine how each playwright has attempted to resolve conflicts in his respective play. The study ends with a comment on findings where traditionalism, being a common enemy in the three plays, is overridden by modernity. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

This grounded theory study explored the competing cultural expectations and cultural approaches by women from Latin American and Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries living in the United States. The study explored the following questions: In what ways do women from Latin America living in the United States establish priorities among potentially conflicting cultural expectations or roles? What internal conflicts result out of living between two cultures? What does the process for making sense of cultural expectations look like? How do Latin American women living in the United States make sense of this process? Using a constructivist grounded methodology, the research reflects the insights of 20 female participants from various Latin American and Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries. The data analysis resulted in five major findings, illuminating a framework for understanding the process for making sense of conflicting cultural norms, expectations, and cultural approaches. This is presented in four stages, (1) confronting the new norm/expectation, (2) recognition/acknowledgment of the conflicting cultural value/norm/expectation, (3) adapting to the new context/situation and (4) managing from a cultural standpoint. The main decision-making process related to cultural expectations was tied to: (a) what it meant to be a woman from their native country in the United States and (b) what this means when they return to their country of origin. Concluding with “creating a new norm/dynamic,” this becomes the “balancing act” or “the dance between cultures."